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{{short description|Catholic cardinal}} |
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{{one source|date=June 2016}} |
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[[File:Giotto Triptyque Stefaneschi Vatican Pinacothèque.jpg|thumb|Cardinal Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi]] |
[[File:Giotto Triptyque Stefaneschi Vatican Pinacothèque.jpg|thumb|Cardinal Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi]] |
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'''Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi''' ( |
'''Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi''' ({{circa|1270}} – 23 June 1343) was an Italian [[cardinal deacon]] in the [[Catholic Church]]. |
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==Life== |
==Life== |
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Giacomo was the son of the senator '''Pietro Stefaneschi''' and his wife, '''Perna Orsini'''. He was born in [[Rome]]; his birth year is disputed, with historians placing it in either 1260 or 1260.<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Heikkilä |editor1-first=Tuomas |title=Time in the Eternal City: Perceiving and Controlling Time in Late Medieval and Renaissance Rome |date=12 October 2020 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-43625-1 |page=60 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2i0DEAAAQBAJ |access-date=12 April 2024 |language=en}}</ref> |
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Stefaneschi received his early education at Rome, and was sent to the [[University of Paris]] to pursue higher studies. After three years he received the degree of [[Master of Arts]], and intended to devote himself to the study of philosophy and Holy Scripture, having already begun to teach at the university, when his parents recalled him to Italy in order that he should study canon and civil law. |
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| ⚫ | [[Pope Celestine V]] made Stefaneschi canon of St. Peter's and auditor of the Rota. He was created cardinal-deacon of the titular [[Church of San Giorgio in Velabro]] on 17 December 1295 by [[Pope Boniface VIII]], who also sent him as [[papal legate|legate]] to Cesena, Forlì, Faenza and Bologna in 1296 to suppress civil disturbances. [[Pope John XXII]] appointed him protector of the [[Minorites]], 23 July 1334. He was never ordained priest. |
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==Works== |
==Works== |
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Stefaneschi is best known as the author of ''Opus Metricum'', a life of [[Celestine V]] composed in [[dactylic hexameter]]. Abstracting from a short autobiography left in his cell by Celestine when he became pope, the ''Opus Metricum'' is the earliest biography of the hermit-pontiff. It is composed of three parts, each complete in itself and written at a different time. In 1319 the author united these three separate poems into one work and sent it with a dedicatory epistle to the prior and the monks of San Spirito at Sulmona, the mother-house of the Celestines. The first part contains in three books an account of the election, reign, and abdication of Celestine. It was written before Stefaneschi became cardinal. The second part describes in two books the election and coronation of Boniface VIII, and was written five years later, when Stefaneschi was already cardinal. The third part is composed of three books and describes the life of Celestine after he had abdicated, his canonization, and miracles. The poem is preceded by an introduction in prose, which contains valuable data of the author's life and a synopsis of the whole work. Though of great historical value, the poem is devoid of all literary excellence, and at times is even extremely clumsy and barbarous. It was first edited by [[Papebroch]], ''[[Acta Sanctorum]]'', IV, May, 436-483. |
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==={{lang|la|Opus Metricum}}=== |
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The other works of Stefaneschi are: ''Liber de Centesimo sive Jubileo'', edited by Quattrocchi in "Bessarione" (1900), an interesting and historically important account of the first Roman Jubilee, held in 1300; ''Liber ceremoniarum Curiæ Romanæ'', a book of ceremonies to be observed at the Roman Court; ''Vita S. Georgii Martyris'', a eulogy on St. George, the patron of Stefaneschi's titular church; and "Historia de miraculo Mariæ facto Avinione", a short narrative of how a young man, who had been condemned to death at Avignon, was miraculously delivered by the Virgin Mary. |
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Stefaneschi is best known as the author of {{lang|la|Opus Metricum}}, the earliest biography of [[Celestine V]]. The work is arranged in three parts, composed in [[dactylic hexameter]], and based on Celestine's brief autobiography. The first part, written before Stefaneschi became a cardinal, is a three-volume account of Celestine's election, reign, and abdication. The second part, written five years later, gives an account of the election and coronation of [[Boniface VIII]] The final, three-volume part describes Celestine's life after his abdication, his canonization, and various miracles. |
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In 1319, Stefaneschi united the three parts and sent them, along with a dedicatory epistle, to the prior and the monks of San Spirito at Sulmona, the mother-house of the Celestines. It was published along with a prose introduction giving details on Stefaneschi's life, and first edited by [[Papebroch]], ''[[Acta Sanctorum]]'', IV, May, 436-483. |
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The ''[[Catholic Encyclopedia]]'' describes {{lang|la|Opus Metricum}} as an important historical resource but "devoid of all literary excellence" and "extremely clumsy and barbarous". |
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===Other works=== |
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The other works of Stefaneschi are: |
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* {{lang|la|Liber de Centesimo sive Jubileo}}, edited by Quattrocchi in "Bessarione" (1900), an account of the first Roman Jubilee, held in 1300 |
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* {{lang|la|Liber ceremoniarum Curiæ Romanæ}}, a book of ceremonies to be observed at the Roman Court |
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* {{lang|la|Vita S. Georgii Martyris}}, a [[hagiography]] of St. George, the patron of Stefaneschi's titular church |
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* {{lang|la|"Historia de miraculo Mariæ facto Avinione"}}, a short narrative of a young man, condemned to death at Avignon, being miraculously delivered by the Virgin Mary. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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*{{Catholic|wstitle=Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi}} |
*{{Catholic|wstitle=Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi}} |
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[[Category:1343 deaths]] |
[[Category:1343 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Writers from Rome]] |
[[Category:Writers from Rome]] |
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[[Category:Italian cardinals]] |
[[Category:14th-century Italian cardinals]] |
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[[Category:Italian male writers]] |
[[Category:Italian male writers]] |
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Latest revision as of 00:22, 27 August 2024
 | This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. (June 2016) |
Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi (c. 1270 – 23 June 1343) was an Italian cardinal deacon in the Catholic Church.
Life
[edit]Giacomo was the son of the senator Pietro Stefaneschi and his wife, Perna Orsini. He was born in Rome; his birth year is disputed, with historians placing it in either 1260 or 1260.[1]
Stefaneschi received his early education at Rome, and was sent to the University of Paris to pursue higher studies. After three years he received the degree of Master of Arts, and intended to devote himself to the study of philosophy and Holy Scripture, having already begun to teach at the university, when his parents recalled him to Italy in order that he should study canon and civil law.
Pope Celestine V made Stefaneschi canon of St. Peter's and auditor of the Rota. He was created cardinal-deacon of the titular Church of San Giorgio in Velabro on 17 December 1295 by Pope Boniface VIII, who also sent him as legate to Cesena, Forlì, Faenza and Bologna in 1296 to suppress civil disturbances. Pope John XXII appointed him protector of the Minorites, 23 July 1334. He was never ordained priest.
Stefaneschi died at Avignon on 23 June 1343.
Works
[edit]Opus Metricum
[edit]Stefaneschi is best known as the author of Opus Metricum, the earliest biography of Celestine V. The work is arranged in three parts, composed in dactylic hexameter, and based on Celestine's brief autobiography. The first part, written before Stefaneschi became a cardinal, is a three-volume account of Celestine's election, reign, and abdication. The second part, written five years later, gives an account of the election and coronation of Boniface VIII The final, three-volume part describes Celestine's life after his abdication, his canonization, and various miracles.
In 1319, Stefaneschi united the three parts and sent them, along with a dedicatory epistle, to the prior and the monks of San Spirito at Sulmona, the mother-house of the Celestines. It was published along with a prose introduction giving details on Stefaneschi's life, and first edited by Papebroch, Acta Sanctorum, IV, May, 436-483.
The Catholic Encyclopedia describes Opus Metricum as an important historical resource but "devoid of all literary excellence" and "extremely clumsy and barbarous".
Other works
[edit]The other works of Stefaneschi are:
- Liber de Centesimo sive Jubileo, edited by Quattrocchi in "Bessarione" (1900), an account of the first Roman Jubilee, held in 1300
- Liber ceremoniarum Curiæ Romanæ, a book of ceremonies to be observed at the Roman Court
- Vita S. Georgii Martyris, a hagiography of St. George, the patron of Stefaneschi's titular church
- "Historia de miraculo Mariæ facto Avinione", a short narrative of a young man, condemned to death at Avignon, being miraculously delivered by the Virgin Mary.
References
[edit]- ^ Heikkilä, Tuomas, ed. (12 October 2020). Time in the Eternal City: Perceiving and Controlling Time in Late Medieval and Renaissance Rome. BRILL. p. 60. ISBN 978-90-04-43625-1. Retrieved 12 April 2024.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Giacomo Gaetani Stefaneschi". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
