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{{Short description|American singer and songwriter (1941–2023)}}
{{Short description|American singer and songwriter (1941–2023)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2015}}
{{Use American English|date=February 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{Infobox musical artist
{{Infobox musical artist
| image = Barrett Strong.jpg
| image = Barrett Strong.jpg
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| birth_place = [[West Point, Mississippi]], U.S.
| birth_place = [[West Point, Mississippi]], U.S.
| death_date = {{death date and age|2023|1|28|1941|2|5}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|2023|1|28|1941|2|5}}
| death_place = [[San Diego|San Diego, California]], U.S.
| death_place = [[San Diego]], California<!-- DO NOT LINK, see [[MOS:GEOLINK]] for further guidance -->, U.S.
| genre = {{hlist|[[Rhythm and blues]]|[[soul music|soul]]}}
| genre = {{hlist|[[Rhythm and blues]]|[[soul music|soul]]}}
| origin = [[Detroit|Detroit, Michigan]], U.S.
| origin = Detroit, Michigan<!-- DO NOT LINK, see [[MOS:GEOLINK]] for further guidance -->, U.S.
| occupation = {{hlist|Singer|songwriter|musician}}
| occupation = {{hlist|Singer|songwriter}}
| instrument = {{hlist|Vocals|piano}}
| spouse = {{marriage|Sandy White|<!--Unknown -->|2002|end=died}}
| spouse = {{marriage|Sandy White|<!--Unknown -->|2002|end=d.}}
| years_active = 1959–2023
| years_active = 1959–2023
| label = {{hlist|[[Tamla Records|Tamla]]|[[Anna Records|Anna]]|[[Epic Records|Epic]]|[[Capitol Records|Capitol]]}}
| label = {{flatlist|
* [[Tamla Records|Tamla]]
* [[Anna Records|Anna]]
* [[Epic Records|Epic]]
* [[Capitol Records|Capitol]]
}}
| associated_acts = {{hlist|[[The Temptations]]|[[Marvin Gaye]]|[[Gladys Knight & the Pips]]|[[Edwin Starr]]|[[The Undisputed Truth]]}}
}}
}}


'''Barrett Strong Jr.''' (February 5, 1941 – January 28, 2023) was an American singer and songwriter known for his recording of "[[Money (That's What I Want)]]", which was the first [[hit single]] for the [[Motown]] record label.<ref name="Italie 2023">{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/barrett-strong-obit-f7864cec55c3fca0cacbd880bd99a5df|title=Barrett Strong, Motown artist known for 'Money,' dies at 81|last=Italie|first=Hillel|date=January 29, 2023|website=[[Associated Press]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref> He is also known for his songwriting work in association with producer [[Norman Whitfield]];<ref name="oldies">{{cite web|url=http://www.oldies.com/artist-biography/Barrett-Strong.html |title=Barrett Strong Biography |publisher=Oldies.com |access-date=2013-08-09}}</ref> together, they penned such songs as "[[I Heard It Through the Grapevine]]", "[[War (The Temptations song)|War]]", "[[Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)]]", and "[[Papa Was a Rollin' Stone]]".<ref name="Italie 2023" />
'''Barrett Strong Jr.''' (February 5, 1941 – January 28, 2023) was an American singer and songwriter known for his recording of "[[Money (That's What I Want)]]", which was the first hit single for the [[Motown]] record label.<ref name="Italie 2023">{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/barrett-strong-obit-f7864cec55c3fca0cacbd880bd99a5df|title=Barrett Strong, Motown artist known for 'Money,' dies at 81|last=Italie|first=Hillel|date=January 29, 2023|work=[[Associated Press]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref> He is also known for his songwriting work in association with producer [[Norman Whitfield]];<ref name="oldies">{{cite web|url=http://www.oldies.com/artist-biography/Barrett-Strong.html |title=Barrett Strong Biography |publisher=Oldies.com |access-date=August 9, 2013}}</ref> together, they penned such songs as "[[I Heard It Through the Grapevine]]", "[[War (The Temptations song)|War]]", "[[Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)]]", and "[[Papa Was a Rollin' Stone]]".<ref name="Italie 2023" />


In 2004, Strong was inducted into the [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]] alongside Whitfield.<ref name="Genzlinger 2023" />
In 2004, Strong was inducted into the [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]] alongside Whitfield.<ref name="Genzlinger 2023" />


==Early life==
==Early life==
Strong was born in [[West Point, Mississippi]], on February 5, 1941,<ref name="amg">{{cite web|author-link=Ron Wynn|first=Ron|last=Wynn |url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/barrett-strong-mn0000117001/biography |title=Barrett Strong : Biography |publisher=AllMusic |date=February 5, 1941 |access-date=2013-08-09}}</ref> the only boy in a family of six children born to Barrett Strong Sr., a minister. His family moved to [[Detroit]], Michigan, when he was four years old, and his father bought him a piano soon after.<ref name="wapo">{{cite news |last=Rosenwald |first=Michael S. |date=2023-01-30 |title=Barrett Strong, Motown stalwart who sang 'Money,' dies at 81 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2023/01/30/barrett-strong-motown-singer-of-money-dead/ |access-date=2023-01-31}}</ref> Strong began singing at Hutchins Middle School in Detroit, where his classmates included [[Aretha Franklin]] and [[Lamont Dozier]].<ref>{{cite news |last=McCollum |first=Brian |date=2023-01-29 |title=Barrett Strong, Motown trailblazer with 'Money,' the Temptations and more, dies at 81 |url=https://www.freep.com/story/entertainment/music/brian-mccollum/2023/01/30/barrett-strong-motown-money-temptations-obituary/69852798007/ |work=[[The Detroit Free Press]] |access-date=2023-02-01}}</ref>
Strong was born in [[West Point, Mississippi]], on February 5, 1941,<ref name="amg">{{cite web|author-link=Ron Wynn|first=Ron|last=Wynn |url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/barrett-strong-mn0000117001/biography |title=Barrett Strong : Biography |work=AllMusic |date=February 5, 1941 |access-date=August 9, 2013}}</ref> the only boy of six children born to Barrett Strong Sr., a minister. His family moved to Detroit, Michigan, when he was four years old, and his father bought him a piano soon after.<ref name="wapo">{{cite news |last=Rosenwald |first=Michael S. |date=January 30, 2023 |title=Barrett Strong, Motown stalwart who sang 'Money,' dies at 81 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/obituaries/2023/01/30/barrett-strong-motown-singer-of-money-dead/ |access-date=January 31, 2023}}</ref> Strong began singing at Hutchins Intermediate School in Detroit, where his classmates included [[Aretha Franklin]] and [[Lamont Dozier]].<ref>{{cite news |last=McCollum |first=Brian |date=January 29, 2023 |title=Barrett Strong, Motown trailblazer with 'Money,' the Temptations and more, dies at 81 |url=https://www.freep.com/story/entertainment/music/brian-mccollum/2023/01/30/barrett-strong-motown-money-temptations-obituary/69852798007/ |work=[[The Detroit Free Press]] |access-date=February 1, 2023}}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
===Tamla Records and Motown===
===Tamla Records and Motown===
[[File:Barrett Strong publicity shot.jpg|thumb|Publicity photo]]
Strong was among the first artists signed to [[Berry Gordy]]'s fledgling label, [[Tamla]] Records, and was the performer on the company's first hit single, "[[Money (That's What I Want)]]",<ref name="LarkinSM">{{cite book|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music|The Guinness Who's Who of Soul Music]]|editor=[[Colin Larkin (writer)|Colin Larkin]]|publisher=[[Guinness Publishing]]|date=1993|edition=First|isbn=0-85112-733-9|pages=250/1}}</ref> which reached No. 2 US [[Rhythm and blues|R&B]] in 1960. The single was originally released on Tamla, Motown's first label, but was then leased to the [[Anna Records|Anna]] label as it was getting airplay, and it was on the Anna label that it was a hit. It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a [[music recording sales certification|gold disc]] by the [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]].<ref name="The Book of Golden Discs">{{cite book| first= Joseph| last= Murrells| year= 1978| title= The Book of Golden Discs| edition= 2nd| publisher= Barrie and Jenkins Ltd| location= London| page= [https://archive.org/details/bookofgoldendisc00murr/page/120 120]| isbn= 0-214-20512-6| url-access= registration| url= https://archive.org/details/bookofgoldendisc00murr/page/120}}</ref> "Money"<ref name="amg"/> was later recorded by a number of acts, including [[the Beatles]], [[the Rolling Stones]], [[Led Zeppelin]], [[the Kingsmen]], [[Richard "Popcorn" Wylie|Richard Wylie and His Band]], [[Jerry Lee Lewis]], [[The Searchers (band)|the Searchers]], [[the Flying Lizards]], [[the Sonics]], and [[Buddy Guy]]. Strong claimed that he co-wrote "Money" with Gordy and [[Janie Bradford]]; his name appears on the song's original copyright registration with the [[United States Copyright Office]]. Gordy disputed these claims, stating that Strong's name was only included because of a clerical error.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Larry |last=Rohter |date=August 31, 2013 |title=For a Classic Motown Song About Money, Credit Is What He Wants |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/01/arts/music/for-a-classic-motown-song-about-money-credit-is-what-he-wants.html |access-date=September 1, 2013 }}</ref>
Strong was among the first artists signed to [[Berry Gordy]]'s fledgling label, [[Tamla]] Records, and was the performer (vocal and piano) on the company's first hit single, "[[Money (That's What I Want)]]",<ref name="LarkinSM">{{cite book|title=[[Encyclopedia of Popular Music|The Guinness Who's Who of Soul Music]]|editor=[[Colin Larkin (writer)|Colin Larkin]]|publisher=[[Guinness Publishing]]|date=1993|edition=First|isbn=0-85112-733-9|pages=250/1}}</ref> which was recorded live at the music studio where other legendary artists would eventually record. The song reached No. 2 US [[Rhythm and blues|R&B]] in 1960. Gordy later disputed claims that Barrett had part in writing this song, stating that Strong's name was only included because of a clerical error.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Larry |last=Rohter |date=August 31, 2013 |title=For a Classic Motown Song About Money, Credit Is What He Wants |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/01/arts/music/for-a-classic-motown-song-about-money-credit-is-what-he-wants.html |access-date=September 1, 2013 }}</ref> The single was originally released on Tamla, Motown's first label, but was then leased to the [[Anna Records|Anna]] label as it was getting airplay, and it was on the Anna label that it was a hit. It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a [[music recording sales certification|gold disc]] by the [[Recording Industry Association of America|RIAA]].<ref name="The Book of Golden Discs">{{cite book| first= Joseph| last= Murrells| year= 1978| title= The Book of Golden Discs| edition= 2nd| publisher= Barrie and Jenkins Ltd| location= London| page= [https://archive.org/details/bookofgoldendisc00murr/page/120 120]| isbn= 0-214-20512-6| url-access= registration| url= https://archive.org/details/bookofgoldendisc00murr/page/120}}</ref>

"Money"<ref name="amg"/> was later recorded by a number of acts, including [[the Beatles]], [[the Rolling Stones]], [[Led Zeppelin]], [[the Kingsmen]], [[Richard "Popcorn" Wylie|Richard Wylie and His Band]], [[Jerry Lee Lewis]], [[The Searchers (band)|the Searchers]], [[the Flying Lizards]], [[the Sonics]], and [[Buddy Guy]]. Strong expressed that he co-wrote "Money" with Gordy and [[Janie Bradford]]; and his name appears on the song's original copyright registration with the [[United States Copyright Office]].

In the mid-1960s, Strong became a Motown writer lyricist, teaming with producer [[Norman Whitfield]].<ref name="LarkinSM"/> Together, they wrote some of the most successful and critically acclaimed soul songs ever to be released by Motown, including "[[I Heard It Through the Grapevine]]" by both [[Marvin Gaye]] and [[Gladys Knight & the Pips]]; "[[War (Edwin Starr song)|War]]" by [[Edwin Starr]]; "[[Wherever I Lay My Hat (That's My Home)]]" by [[Marvin Gaye]]; "[[Smiling Faces Sometimes]]" by [[the Undisputed Truth]]; and the long line of "[[psychedelic soul]]" records by [[the Temptations]], including "[[Cloud Nine (The Temptations album)|Cloud Nine]]", "[[I Can't Get Next to You]]", "[[Psychedelic Shack (album)|Psychedelic Shack]]", "[[Ball of Confusion (That's What the World Is Today)]]", and "[[Papa Was a Rollin' Stone]]", amongst others.<ref name="LarkinSM"/>


In the mid-1960s, Strong became a Motown writer lyricist, teaming with producer [[Norman Whitfield]].<ref name="LarkinSM"/> Together, they wrote some of the most successful and critically acclaimed soul songs ever to be released by Motown, including "[[I Heard It Through the Grapevine]]" by both [[Marvin Gaye]] and [[Gladys Knight & the Pips]]; "[[War (Edwin Starr song)|War]]" by [[Edwin Starr]]; "[[Wherever I Lay My Hat (That's My Home)]]" by [[Marvin Gaye]]; "[[Smiling Faces Sometimes]]" by [[the Undisputed Truth]]; and the long line of "[[psychedelic soul]]" records by [[the Temptations]], including "[[Cloud Nine (The Temptations album)|Cloud Nine]]", "[[I Can't Get Next to You]]", "[[Psychedelic Shack (album)|Psychedelic Shack]]", "[[Ball of Confusion (That's What the World Is Today)]]", and "[[Papa Was a Rollin' Stone]]", amongst others.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> Strong received a [[Grammy Award for Best R&B Song]] in [[Grammy Awards of 1973|1973]] for "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone". Strong and Whitfield also co-wrote the ballad "[[Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)]]",<ref name="LarkinSM"/> a 1971 ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' No. 1 that also marked the last Temptations single to feature original members [[Eddie Kendricks]] and [[Paul Williams (The Temptations singer)|Paul Williams]].
Strong received a [[Grammy Award for Best R&B Song]] in [[Grammy Awards of 1973|1973]] for "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone". Strong and Whitfield also co-wrote the ballad "[[Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)]]",<ref name="LarkinSM"/> a 1971 ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' No. 1 that also marked the last Temptations single to feature original members [[Eddie Kendricks]] and [[Paul Williams (The Temptations singer)|Paul Williams]].


===Albums and founding Blarritt Records===
===Albums and founding Blarritt Records===
After Motown moved its operations base from Detroit, Michigan, to [[Los Angeles, California]], Strong left the label and resumed his singing career.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> He signed with [[Epic Records|Epic]] in 1972.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> Strong left the label for [[Capitol Records]],<ref name="LarkinSM"/> where he [[sound recording and reproduction|recorded]] two albums in the 1970s:<ref name="amg"/> ''Stronghold'' (1975) and ''Live & Love'' (1976).<ref name="Bogdanov & Woodstra & Erlewine 2002">{{cite book|editor-last1=Bogdanov|editor-first1=Vladimir|editor-last2=Woodstra|editor-first2=Chris|editor-last3=Erlewine|editor-first3=Stephen Thomas|editor-link3=Stephen Thomas Erlewine|date=2002|title=All Music Guide to Rock: The Definitive Guide to Rock, Pop, and Soul|edition=3rd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1-pH4i3jXvAC&pg=PA1095|publisher=[[Backbeat Books]]|page=1095|isbn=978-0879306533}}</ref> The former reached No. 47 on ''Billboard''{{'}}s [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|Black Albums]] chart.<ref name="Stronghold on US R&B chart">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/r-b-hip-hop-albums/1975-06-14/|title=Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Week of June 14, 1975)|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
After Motown moved its operations base from Detroit, Michigan, to Los Angeles, California, Strong left the label and resumed his singing career.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> He signed with [[Epic Records|Epic]] in 1972.<ref name="LarkinSM"/> Strong left the label for [[Capitol Records]],<ref name="LarkinSM"/> where he [[sound recording and reproduction|recorded]] two albums in the 1970s:<ref name="amg"/> ''Stronghold'' (1975) and ''Live & Love'' (1976).<ref name="Bogdanov & Woodstra & Erlewine 2002">{{cite book|editor-last1=Bogdanov|editor-first1=Vladimir|editor-last2=Woodstra|editor-first2=Chris|editor-last3=Erlewine|editor-first3=Stephen Thomas|editor-link3=Stephen Thomas Erlewine|date=2002|title=All Music Guide to Rock: The Definitive Guide to Rock, Pop, and Soul|edition=3rd|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1-pH4i3jXvAC&pg=PA1095|publisher=[[Backbeat Books]]|page=1095|isbn=978-0879306533}}</ref> The former reached No. 47 on ''Billboard''{{'}}s [[Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums|Black Albums]] chart.<ref name="Stronghold on US R&B chart">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/r-b-hip-hop-albums/1975-06-14/|title=Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Week of June 14, 1975)|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>


In the 1980s, Strong recorded "Rock It Easy" on an [[independent label]], and wrote "You Can Depend on Me", which appeared on [[the Dells]]' ''The Second Time'' album (1988).<ref name="amg"/> In 1995, Strong founded the record label Blarritt Records.<ref name="Genzlinger 2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/30/arts/barrett-strong-dead.html|title=Barrett Strong, Whose 'Money' Helped Launch Motown, Dies at 81|last=Genzlinger|first=Neil|date=January 30, 2023|website=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref><ref name="McCollum 2001">{{cite news|last=McCollum|first=Brian|date=January 30, 2001|title=Songwriter Strong seeks new glory for Detroit scene|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/117881596/the-indianapolis-star/|newspaper=[[The Indianapolis Star]]|location=Indianapolis, Indiana|page=E3|access-date=February 3, 2023|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> He founded the company as a means of providing opportunity and support for aspiring musicians in Detroit;<ref name="McCollum 2001" /> he stated, "Young people were always coming to me: 'Can you help us get something going?' I thought, 'Wow, there's still so much talent here. They just don't have anywhere to go.{{' "}}<ref name="McCollum 2001" /> In 2001, he released the album ''Stronghold II'', which he wrote and composed in collaboration with vocalist [[Eliza Neals]], through Blarritt.<ref name="Genzlinger 2023" /><ref name="McCollum 2001" /> The album would later be re-released in 2008 for digital distribution on [[iTunes]].<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.prlog.org/10128324-motown-legend-barrett-strong-re-releases-stronghold-ii-to-itunes-for-digital-distribution.html|title=Motown Legend Barrett Strong re-releases 'Stronghold II' to itunes for Digital Distribution|date=October 14, 2008|publisher=HJN Consulting|via=PRLog|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
In the 1980s, Strong recorded "Rock It Easy" on an [[independent label]], and wrote "You Can Depend on Me", which appeared on [[the Dells]]' ''The Second Time'' album (1988).<ref name="amg"/> In 1995, Strong founded the record label Blarritt Records.<ref name="Genzlinger 2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/30/arts/barrett-strong-dead.html|title=Barrett Strong, Whose 'Money' Helped Launch Motown, Dies at 81|last=Genzlinger|first=Neil|date=January 30, 2023|website=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref><ref name="McCollum 2001">{{cite news|last=McCollum|first=Brian|date=January 30, 2001|title=Songwriter Strong seeks new glory for Detroit scene|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/117881596/the-indianapolis-star/|newspaper=[[The Indianapolis Star]]|location=Indianapolis, Indiana|page=E3|access-date=February 3, 2023|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> He founded the company as a means of providing opportunity and support for aspiring musicians in Detroit;<ref name="McCollum 2001" /> he stated, "Young people were always coming to me: 'Can you help us get something going?' I thought, 'Wow, there's still so much talent here. They just don't have anywhere to go.{{' "}}<ref name="McCollum 2001" /> In 2001, he released the album ''Stronghold II'', which he wrote and composed in collaboration with vocalist [[Eliza Neals]], through Blarritt.<ref name="Genzlinger 2023" /><ref name="McCollum 2001" /> The album would later be re-released in 2008 for digital distribution on [[iTunes]].<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.prlog.org/10128324-motown-legend-barrett-strong-re-releases-stronghold-ii-to-itunes-for-digital-distribution.html|title=Motown Legend Barrett Strong re-releases 'Stronghold II' to itunes for Digital Distribution|date=October 14, 2008|publisher=HJN Consulting|via=PRLog|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
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Alongside Whitfield, Strong was inducted into the [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]] in 2004.<ref name="Genzlinger 2023" />
Alongside Whitfield, Strong was inducted into the [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]] in 2004.<ref name="Genzlinger 2023" />


In 2010, Strong appeared in "Misery", his first music video in his fifty years of recording music, co-produced by Eliza Neals and Martin "Tino" Gross with Strong at the helm.<ref name="Misery">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xUmqlxZtTWs |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/xUmqlxZtTWs| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title="Misery" Eliza Neals – Official Music Video |publisher=YouTube |date=June 21, 2010 |access-date=2013-08-09}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
In 2010, Strong appeared in "Misery", his first music video in his fifty years of recording music, co-produced by Eliza Neals and Martin "Tino" Gross with Strong at the helm.<ref name="Misery">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xUmqlxZtTWs |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/xUmqlxZtTWs| archive-date=December 12, 2021 |url-status=live|title='Misery' Eliza Neals – Official Music Video |via=YouTube |date=June 21, 2010 |access-date=August 9, 2013}}{{cbignore}}</ref>


==Death==
==Death==
Strong died at his home in the [[La Jolla]] district of [[San Diego|San Diego, California]], on January 28, 2023, aged 81.<ref name="wapo" /> He was survived by seven children and ten grandchildren. His wife of 35 years, the late Sandy White, died in 2002.<ref name="wapo" />
Strong died at home in the [[La Jolla]] district of San Diego, California, on January 28, 2023, aged 81.<ref name="wapo" /> He was survived by seven children and ten grandchildren. His wife of 35 years, Sandy White, died in 2002.<ref name="wapo" />


==Discography==
==Discography==
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| —
| —
| 47
| 47
| <ref name="Stronghold on US R&B chart" />
|<ref name="Stronghold on US R&B chart" />
|-
|-
| ''Live & Love''
| ''Live & Love''
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| —
| —
| —
| —
| <ref name="Bogdanov & Woodstra & Erlewine 2002" /><ref>{{cite newspaper|last=Smith|first=Will|date=March 26, 1976|title=New Sounds {{!}} Silver Service|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/117881178/omaha-world-herald/|newspaper=[[Omaha World-Herald]]|location=Omaha, Nebraska|page=7|access-date=February 3, 2023|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
|<ref name="Bogdanov & Woodstra & Erlewine 2002" /><ref>{{cite news|last=Smith|first=Will|date=March 26, 1976|title=New Sounds {{!}} Silver Service|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/117881178/omaha-world-herald/|newspaper=[[Omaha World-Herald]]|location=Omaha, Nebraska|page=7|access-date=February 3, 2023|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
|-
|-
| ''Love Is You''
| ''Love Is You''
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| —
| —
| —
| —
| <ref name="Italie 2023" />
|<ref name="Italie 2023" />
|-
|-
| ''Stronghold II''
| ''Stronghold II''
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* Released: 2001
* Released: 2001
* Label: Blarritt <small>(1310)</small>
* Label: Blarritt <small>(1310)</small>
* Format: [[CD]]
* Format: CD
}}
}}
| —
| —
| —
| —
| <ref name="Genzlinger 2023" />
|<ref name="Genzlinger 2023" />
|-
|-
|}
|}
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| —
| —
| —
| —
| <ref>{{cite book|last1=Marsh|first1=Dave|editor-link1=Dave Marsh|last2=Bernard|first2=James|date=1994|title=The New Book of Rock Lists|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_dEddefiYx0C&pg=PA52|publisher=[[Touchstone Books]]|page=52|isbn=978-0671787004}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite book|last1=Marsh|first1=Dave|editor-link1=Dave Marsh|last2=Bernard|first2=James|date=1994|title=The New Book of Rock Lists|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_dEddefiYx0C&pg=PA52|publisher=Touchstone Books |page=52|isbn=978-0671787004}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 1959
| 1959
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| —
| —
| —
| —
| <ref>{{cite book|first= Joel |last= Whitburn |author-link= Joel Whitburn |title= Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942–2004 |year= 2004 |publisher= Record Research |page= 554}}</ref>{{sfn|Broven|2010|p=336}}
|<ref>{{cite book |first=Joel |last=Whitburn |author-link=Joel Whitburn |title=Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942–2004 |year=2004 |publisher=Record Research |page=554}}</ref>{{sfn|Broven|2010|p=336}}
|-
|-
| 1960
| 1960
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| —
| —
| —
| —
| <ref>{{cite magazine|date=May 23, 1960|title=Reviews of This Week's Singles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sx8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA35|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>{{sfn|Broven|2010|p=335}}
|<ref>{{cite magazine|date=May 23, 1960|title=Reviews of This Week's Singles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sx8EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA35|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>{{sfn|Broven|2010|p=335}}
|-
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| 1960
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| <ref>{{cite magazine|date=September 19, 1960|title=Reviews of This Week's Singles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LSAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA55|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite magazine|date=September 19, 1960|title=Reviews of This Week's Singles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LSAEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA55|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
|-
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| 1961
| 1961
| "Money and Me" / "You Got What It Takes"
| "Money and Me" / "[[You Got What It Takes]]"
| —
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| <ref name="Waller 1985">{{cite book|last=Waller|first=Don|date=1985|title=The Motown Story|publisher=[[Charles Scribner's Sons|Scribner]]|page=228|isbn=978-0684182933}}</ref>
|<ref name="Waller 1985">{{cite book|last=Waller|first=Don|date=1985|title=The Motown Story|publisher=Scribner |page=228|isbn=978-0684182933}}</ref>
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| 1961
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| <ref name="Waller 1985" />
|<ref name="Waller 1985" />
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| 1962
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| <ref>{{cite magazine|date=May 26, 1962|title=Reviews of New Singles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FRcEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA39|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite magazine|date=May 26, 1962|title=Reviews of New Singles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FRcEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA39|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
|-
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| 1964
| 1964
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| <ref>{{cite book|last=Dahl|first=Bill|date=2001|title=Motown: The Golden Years|publisher=[[Krause Publications]]|page=317|isbn=978-0873492867}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite book|last=Dahl|first=Bill|date=2001|title=Motown: The Golden Years|publisher=Krause Publications |page=317|isbn=978-0873492867}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 1967
| 1967
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| —
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| 47
| 47
| <ref name="Whitburn">''Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955–1990'' – {{ISBN|0-89820-089-X}}</ref>
|<ref name="Whitburn">''Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955–1990'' – {{ISBN|0-89820-089-X}}</ref>
|-
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| 1967
| 1967
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| 88
| 88
| 1
| 1
| <ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?&file_num=nlc008388.5870&type=1&interval=24&PHPSESSID=u9874ano8k0c5b6bkp4r8qrbp3 |title= I heard it through the grapevine in Canadian Top Singles Chart |publisher= [[Library and Archives Canada]] |access-date= July 17, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150208150517/http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?&file_num=nlc008388.5870&type=1&interval=24&PHPSESSID=u9874ano8k0c5b6bkp4r8qrbp3 |archive-date= February 8, 2015 |url-status= dead |df= mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.infodisc.fr/Bilan_G.php |title=I heard it through the grapevine in French Chart |publisher=Dominic DURAND / InfoDisc |date=17 July 2013 |language=fr |access-date=July 17, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703012738/http://www.infodisc.fr/Bilan_G.php |archive-date=July 3, 2013 |df=mdy-all }} You have to use the index at the top of the page and search "Marvin Gaye"</ref><ref name="UK">{{cite web|url= http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/marvin%20gaye/ |title= Marvin Gaye |publisher= Official Charts Company |access-date= July 17, 2013}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?&file_num=nlc008388.5870&type=1&interval=24&PHPSESSID=u9874ano8k0c5b6bkp4r8qrbp3 |title= I heard it through the grapevine in Canadian Top Singles Chart |publisher= [[Library and Archives Canada]] |access-date= July 17, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150208150517/http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?&file_num=nlc008388.5870&type=1&interval=24&PHPSESSID=u9874ano8k0c5b6bkp4r8qrbp3 |archive-date= February 8, 2015 |url-status= dead |df= mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.infodisc.fr/Bilan_G.php |title=I heard it through the grapevine in French Chart |publisher=Dominic DURAND / InfoDisc |date=July 17, 2013 |language=fr |access-date=July 17, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703012738/http://www.infodisc.fr/Bilan_G.php |archive-date=July 3, 2013 }} You have to use the index at the top of the page and search "Marvin Gaye"</ref><ref name="UK">{{cite web|url= http://www.officialcharts.com/artist/_/marvin%20gaye/ |title= Marvin Gaye |publisher= Official Charts Company |access-date= July 17, 2013}}</ref>
|-
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| 1971
| 1971
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| <ref name="Whitburn" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/films-videos-sound-recordings/rpm/Pages/image.aspx?Image=nlc008388.5182&URLjpg=http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/028020/f4/nlc008388.5182.gif&Ecopy=nlc008388.5182|title=Image: RPM Weekly|publisher=[[Library and Archives Canada]]|date=17 July 2013|website=Bac-lac.gc.ca|access-date=6 June 2021}}</ref>
|<ref name="Whitburn" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/films-videos-sound-recordings/rpm/Pages/image.aspx?Image=nlc008388.5182&URLjpg=http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/028020/f4/nlc008388.5182.gif&Ecopy=nlc008388.5182|title=Image: RPM Weekly|department=Bac-lac.gc.ca|publisher=[[Library and Archives Canada]]|date=July 17, 2013|access-date=June 6, 2021}}</ref>
|-
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| 1972
| 1972
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| —
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| <ref>{{cite book|last=Bronson|first=Fred|author-link=Fred Bronson|date=2003|title=The Billboard Book of Number One Hits|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PgGqNrqfrsoC&pg=PA323|publisher=[[Billboard Books]]|page=323|isbn=978-0823076772}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite book|last=Bronson|first=Fred|author-link=Fred Bronson|date=2003|title=The Billboard Book of Number One Hits|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PgGqNrqfrsoC&pg=PA323|publisher=[[Billboard Books]]|page=323|isbn=978-0823076772}}</ref>
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| <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/films-videos-sound-recordings/rpm/Pages/image.aspx?Image=nlc008388.4234&URLjpg=http%3a%2f%2fwww.collectionscanada.gc.ca%2fobj%2f028020%2ff4%2fnlc008388.4234.gif&Ecopy=nlc008388.4234|title=Top RPM Singles: Issue 4234.|website=[[RPM (magazine)|RPM]]|publisher=[[Library and Archives Canada]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.infodisc.fr/Bilan_T.php |title= Papa was a rollin' stone in French Chart |publisher= Dominic DURAND / InfoDisc |access-date= June 16, 2013 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130920092618/http://infodisc.fr/Bilan_T.php |archive-date= September 20, 2013 }} You have to use the index at the top of the page and search "Temptations"</ref>
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/films-videos-sound-recordings/rpm/Pages/image.aspx?Image=nlc008388.4234&URLjpg=http%3a%2f%2fwww.collectionscanada.gc.ca%2fobj%2f028020%2ff4%2fnlc008388.4234.gif&Ecopy=nlc008388.4234|title=Top RPM Singles: Issue 4234.|website=[[RPM (magazine)|RPM]]|date=July 17, 2013 |publisher=[[Library and Archives Canada]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.infodisc.fr/Bilan_T.php |title= Papa was a rollin' stone in French Chart |publisher= Dominic DURAND / InfoDisc |access-date= June 16, 2013 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130920092618/http://infodisc.fr/Bilan_T.php |archive-date= September 20, 2013 }} You have to use the index at the top of the page and search for "Temptations"</ref>
|-
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| 1973
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| —
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| <ref>{{cite magazine|date=September 15, 1972|title=Billboard Hot Soul Singles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CQkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA25|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite magazine|date=September 15, 1972|title=Billboard Hot Soul Singles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CQkEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA25|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
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| <ref>{{cite magazine|date=August 16, 1975|title=Billboard's Top Single Picks|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aBEEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA78|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite magazine|date=August 16, 1975|title=Billboard's Top Single Picks|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aBEEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA78|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
|-
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| 1975
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| —
| <ref>{{cite magazine|date=June 14, 1975|title=Billboard Hot Soul Singles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UigEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA36|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite magazine|date=June 14, 1975|title=Billboard Hot Soul Singles|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UigEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA36|magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
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| <ref name="Bogdanov & Woodstra & Erlewine 2002" />
|<ref name="Bogdanov & Woodstra & Erlewine 2002" />
|-
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| 1980
| 1980
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| <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.45cat.com/record/cp2007us|title=Love Is You / You Make Me Feel the Way I Do|website=45cat.com|access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.45cat.com/record/cp2007us|title=Love Is You / You Make Me Feel the Way I Do |publisher=45cat |access-date=February 3, 2023}}</ref>
|-
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| 1981
| 1981
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| <ref name="Bogdanov & Woodstra & Erlewine 2002" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.45cat.com/artist/barrett-strong|title=Barrett Strong Discography – USA – 45cat|website=45cat.com|access-date=July 9, 2021}}</ref>
|<ref name="Bogdanov & Woodstra & Erlewine 2002" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.45cat.com/artist/barrett-strong|title=Barrett Strong Discography – USA |publisher=45cat |access-date=July 9, 2021}}</ref>
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==References==
==References==
=== Citations ===
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


=== General and cited references ===
===Bibliography===
* {{cite book|last=Broven|first=Josh|date=2010|title=Record Makers and Breakers: Voices of the Independent Rock 'n' Roll Pioneers|publisher=[[University of Illinois Press]]|isbn=978-0252077272}}
* {{cite book |last=Broven |first=Josh |date=2010 |title=Record Makers and Breakers: Voices of the Independent Rock 'n' Roll Pioneers |publisher=University of Illinois Press |isbn=978-0252077272}}


==External links==
==External links==
* {{IMDb name|1053309}}
* {{allmusic}}
* {{Discogs artist|Barrett Strong}}
* {{Discogs artist}}
* {{IMDb name}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:2023 deaths]]
[[Category:2023 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American male singers]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American male singers]]
[[Category:20th-century American male singers]]
[[Category:20th-century American singers]]
[[Category:21st-century African-American male singers]]
[[Category:21st-century African-American male singers]]
[[Category:21st-century American male singers]]
[[Category:American soul musicians]]
[[Category:American soul musicians]]
[[Category:Grammy Award winners]]
[[Category:Grammy Award winners]]

Latest revision as of 13:59, 5 September 2024

Barrett Strong
Strong in 1996
Background information
Birth nameBarrett Strong Jr.
Born(1941-02-05)February 5, 1941
West Point, Mississippi, U.S.
OriginDetroit, Michigan, U.S.
DiedJanuary 28, 2023(2023-01-28) (aged 81)
San Diego, California, U.S.
Genres
Occupations
  • Singer
  • songwriter
Years active1959–2023
Labels
Spouse
Sandy White
​
(died 2002)​

Barrett Strong Jr. (February 5, 1941 – January 28, 2023) was an American singer and songwriter known for his recording of "Money (That's What I Want)", which was the first hit single for the Motown record label.[1] He is also known for his songwriting work in association with producer Norman Whitfield;[2] together, they penned such songs as "I Heard It Through the Grapevine", "War", "Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)", and "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone".[1]

In 2004, Strong was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame alongside Whitfield.[3]

Early life

[edit]

Strong was born in West Point, Mississippi, on February 5, 1941,[4] the only boy of six children born to Barrett Strong Sr., a minister. His family moved to Detroit, Michigan, when he was four years old, and his father bought him a piano soon after.[5] Strong began singing at Hutchins Intermediate School in Detroit, where his classmates included Aretha Franklin and Lamont Dozier.[6]

Career

[edit]

Tamla Records and Motown

[edit]
Publicity photo

Strong was among the first artists signed to Berry Gordy's fledgling label, Tamla Records, and was the performer (vocal and piano) on the company's first hit single, "Money (That's What I Want)",[7] which was recorded live at the music studio where other legendary artists would eventually record. The song reached No. 2 US R&B in 1960. Gordy later disputed claims that Barrett had part in writing this song, stating that Strong's name was only included because of a clerical error.[8] The single was originally released on Tamla, Motown's first label, but was then leased to the Anna label as it was getting airplay, and it was on the Anna label that it was a hit. It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc by the RIAA.[9]

"Money"[4] was later recorded by a number of acts, including the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, Led Zeppelin, the Kingsmen, Richard Wylie and His Band, Jerry Lee Lewis, the Searchers, the Flying Lizards, the Sonics, and Buddy Guy. Strong expressed that he co-wrote "Money" with Gordy and Janie Bradford; and his name appears on the song's original copyright registration with the United States Copyright Office.

In the mid-1960s, Strong became a Motown writer lyricist, teaming with producer Norman Whitfield.[7] Together, they wrote some of the most successful and critically acclaimed soul songs ever to be released by Motown, including "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" by both Marvin Gaye and Gladys Knight & the Pips; "War" by Edwin Starr; "Wherever I Lay My Hat (That's My Home)" by Marvin Gaye; "Smiling Faces Sometimes" by the Undisputed Truth; and the long line of "psychedelic soul" records by the Temptations, including "Cloud Nine", "I Can't Get Next to You", "Psychedelic Shack", "Ball of Confusion (That's What the World Is Today)", and "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone", amongst others.[7]

Strong received a Grammy Award for Best R&B Song in 1973 for "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone". Strong and Whitfield also co-wrote the ballad "Just My Imagination (Running Away with Me)",[7] a 1971 Billboard No. 1 that also marked the last Temptations single to feature original members Eddie Kendricks and Paul Williams.

Albums and founding Blarritt Records

[edit]

After Motown moved its operations base from Detroit, Michigan, to Los Angeles, California, Strong left the label and resumed his singing career.[7] He signed with Epic in 1972.[7] Strong left the label for Capitol Records,[7] where he recorded two albums in the 1970s:[4] Stronghold (1975) and Live & Love (1976).[10] The former reached No. 47 on Billboard's Black Albums chart.[11]

In the 1980s, Strong recorded "Rock It Easy" on an independent label, and wrote "You Can Depend on Me", which appeared on the Dells' The Second Time album (1988).[4] In 1995, Strong founded the record label Blarritt Records.[3][12] He founded the company as a means of providing opportunity and support for aspiring musicians in Detroit;[12] he stated, "Young people were always coming to me: 'Can you help us get something going?' I thought, 'Wow, there's still so much talent here. They just don't have anywhere to go.'"[12] In 2001, he released the album Stronghold II, which he wrote and composed in collaboration with vocalist Eliza Neals, through Blarritt.[3][12] The album would later be re-released in 2008 for digital distribution on iTunes.[13]

Later career

[edit]

Alongside Whitfield, Strong was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2004.[3]

In 2010, Strong appeared in "Misery", his first music video in his fifty years of recording music, co-produced by Eliza Neals and Martin "Tino" Gross with Strong at the helm.[14]

Death

[edit]

Strong died at home in the La Jolla district of San Diego, California, on January 28, 2023, aged 81.[5] He was survived by seven children and ten grandchildren. His wife of 35 years, Sandy White, died in 2002.[5]

Discography

[edit]

Albums

[edit]
Title Album details Peak chart positions Ref(s)
US US R&B
Stronghold
  • Released: 1975
  • Label: Capitol (ST-11376)
  • Format: LP
 — 47 [11]
Live & Love
  • Released: 1976
  • Label: Capitol (ST-11490)
  • Format: LP
 — — [10][15]
Love Is You
  • Released: 1987
  • Label: Cherie (CR-LP-2007)
  • Format: LP
 — — [1]
Stronghold II
  • Released: 2001
  • Label: Blarritt (1310)
  • Format: CD
 — — [3]

Singles

[edit]
Year Title Peak chart positions Ref(s)
US US R&B CAN FRA UK
1959 "Let's Rock" / "Do the Very Best You Can" — — — — — [16]
1959 "Money (That's What I Want)" / "Oh I Apologize" 23 2 — — — [17][18]
1960 "Yes, No, Maybe So" / "You Knows What to Do" — — — — — [19][20]
1960 "Whirlwind" (with the Rayber Voices) / "I'm Gonna Cry (If You Quit Me)" — — — — — [21]
1961 "Money and Me" / "You Got What It Takes" — — — — — [22]
1961 "Misery" / "Two Wrongs Don't Make a Right" — — — — — [22]
1962 "Seven Sins" / "What Went Wrong" — — — — — [23]
1964 "Make Up Your Mind" / "I Better Run" — — — — — [24]
1967 "I Heard It Through the Grapevine"
Recorded by Gladys Knight & the Pips
Co-written with Norman Whitfield 		2 — — — 47 [25]
1967 "I Heard It Through the Grapevine"
Recorded by Marvin Gaye
Co-written with Whitfield 		— — 8 88 1 [26][27][28]
1971 "Just My Imagination"
Recorded by the Temptations
Co-written with Whitfield 		1 1 72 — 8 [25][29]
1972 "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone"
Recorded by the Undisputed Truth
Co-written with Whitfield 		63 24 — — — [30]
1972 "Papa Was a Rollin' Stone"
Recorded by the Temptations
Co-written with Whitfield 		1 — 12 42 8 [31][32]
1973 "Stand Up and Cheer for the Preacher" / (Instrumental version) — 82 — — — [33]
1975 "Surrender" / "There's Something About You" — — — — — [34]
1975 "Is It True" / "Anywhere" — 45 — — — [35]
1976 "Man Up in the Sky" / "Gonna Make It Right" — — — — — [10]
1980 "Love Is You" / "You Make Me Feel the Way I Do" — — — — — [36]
1981 "Rock It Easy" / "Love Will Make It Alright" — — — — — [10][37]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Italie, Hillel (January 29, 2023). "Barrett Strong, Motown artist known for 'Money,' dies at 81". Associated Press. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  2. ^ "Barrett Strong Biography". Oldies.com. Retrieved August 9, 2013.
  3. ^ a b c d e Genzlinger, Neil (January 30, 2023). "Barrett Strong, Whose 'Money' Helped Launch Motown, Dies at 81". The New York Times. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  4. ^ a b c d Wynn, Ron (February 5, 1941). "Barrett Strong : Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved August 9, 2013.
  5. ^ a b c Rosenwald, Michael S. (January 30, 2023). "Barrett Strong, Motown stalwart who sang 'Money,' dies at 81". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 31, 2023.
  6. ^ McCollum, Brian (January 29, 2023). "Barrett Strong, Motown trailblazer with 'Money,' the Temptations and more, dies at 81". The Detroit Free Press. Retrieved February 1, 2023.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g Colin Larkin, ed. (1993). The Guinness Who's Who of Soul Music (First ed.). Guinness Publishing. pp. 250/1. ISBN 0-85112-733-9.
  8. ^ Rohter, Larry (August 31, 2013). "For a Classic Motown Song About Money, Credit Is What He Wants". The New York Times. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
  9. ^ Murrells, Joseph (1978). The Book of Golden Discs (2nd ed.). London: Barrie and Jenkins Ltd. p. 120. ISBN 0-214-20512-6.
  10. ^ a b c d Bogdanov, Vladimir; Woodstra, Chris; Erlewine, Stephen Thomas, eds. (2002). All Music Guide to Rock: The Definitive Guide to Rock, Pop, and Soul (3rd ed.). Backbeat Books. p. 1095. ISBN 978-0879306533.
  11. ^ a b "Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Week of June 14, 1975)". Billboard. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  12. ^ a b c d McCollum, Brian (January 30, 2001). "Songwriter Strong seeks new glory for Detroit scene". The Indianapolis Star. Indianapolis, Indiana. p. E3. Retrieved February 3, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  13. ^ "Motown Legend Barrett Strong re-releases 'Stronghold II' to itunes for Digital Distribution" (Press release). HJN Consulting. October 14, 2008. Retrieved February 3, 2023 – via PRLog.
  14. ^ "'Misery' Eliza Neals – Official Music Video". June 21, 2010. Archived from the original on December 12, 2021. Retrieved August 9, 2013 – via YouTube.
  15. ^ Smith, Will (March 26, 1976). "New Sounds | Silver Service". Omaha World-Herald. Omaha, Nebraska. p. 7. Retrieved February 3, 2023 – via Newspapers.com.
  16. ^ Marsh, Dave; Bernard, James (1994). The New Book of Rock Lists. Touchstone Books. p. 52. ISBN 978-0671787004.
  17. ^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942–2004. Record Research. p. 554.
  18. ^ Broven 2010, p. 336.
  19. ^ "Reviews of This Week's Singles". Billboard. May 23, 1960. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  20. ^ Broven 2010, p. 335.
  21. ^ "Reviews of This Week's Singles". Billboard. September 19, 1960. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  22. ^ a b Waller, Don (1985). The Motown Story. Scribner. p. 228. ISBN 978-0684182933.
  23. ^ "Reviews of New Singles". Billboard. May 26, 1962. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  24. ^ Dahl, Bill (2001). Motown: The Golden Years. Krause Publications. p. 317. ISBN 978-0873492867.
  25. ^ a b Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955–1990 – ISBN 0-89820-089-X
  26. ^ "I heard it through the grapevine in Canadian Top Singles Chart". Library and Archives Canada. Archived from the original on February 8, 2015. Retrieved July 17, 2013.
  27. ^ "I heard it through the grapevine in French Chart" (in French). Dominic DURAND / InfoDisc. July 17, 2013. Archived from the original on July 3, 2013. Retrieved July 17, 2013. You have to use the index at the top of the page and search "Marvin Gaye"
  28. ^ "Marvin Gaye". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 17, 2013.
  29. ^ "Image: RPM Weekly". Bac-lac.gc.ca. Library and Archives Canada. July 17, 2013. Retrieved June 6, 2021.
  30. ^ Bronson, Fred (2003). The Billboard Book of Number One Hits. Billboard Books. p. 323. ISBN 978-0823076772.
  31. ^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 4234". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. July 17, 2013. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  32. ^ "Papa was a rollin' stone in French Chart". Dominic DURAND / InfoDisc. Archived from the original on September 20, 2013. Retrieved June 16, 2013. You have to use the index at the top of the page and search for "Temptations"
  33. ^ "Billboard Hot Soul Singles". Billboard. September 15, 1972. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  34. ^ "Billboard's Top Single Picks". Billboard. August 16, 1975. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  35. ^ "Billboard Hot Soul Singles". Billboard. June 14, 1975. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  36. ^ "Love Is You / You Make Me Feel the Way I Do". 45cat. Retrieved February 3, 2023.
  37. ^ "Barrett Strong Discography – USA". 45cat. Retrieved July 9, 2021.

General and cited references

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  • Broven, Josh (2010). Record Makers and Breakers: Voices of the Independent Rock 'n' Roll Pioneers. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0252077272.
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