Gravitholus: Difference between revisions

Gravitholus; Temporal range: Late Campanian, 75 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
	Skull TMP 72.27.01
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Clade:	Dinosauria
Clade:	†Ornithischia
Clade:	†Neornithischia
Clade:	†Pachycephalosauria
Family:	†Pachycephalosauridae
Genus:	†Gravitholus; Wall & Galton, 1979
Species:	†G. albertae
Binomial name
	†Gravitholus albertae; Wall & Galton, 1979

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Gravitholus (meaning 'heavy dome') was a genus of pachycephalosaurid dinosaur from the late Cretaceous period (Campanian stage, around 75 million years ago). It was a pachycephalosaur, and like other pachycephalosaurids the skull roof formed a thick dome made of dense bone, which may have been used in head-butting contests over mates or territory. It lived in what is now Alberta, Canada, and was described in 1979 by W. P. Wall and Peter Galton. The type species is Gravitholus albertae.

There is some debate amongst paleontologists as to whether the animal represents a distinct genus, or if it is synonymous with Stegoceras. Some recent publications indicate it may be a valid genus.^{[citation needed]} Gravitholus was initially described as one of several pachycephalosaurids known from Dinosaur Park, including Stegoceras validum, Hanssuesia sternbergi and Foraminacephale brevis. It is unclear whether all of these species would have lived in the area at the same time. A 2023 publication by Dyer et al. found Gravitholus and Hanssuesia to be synonymous with Stegoceras, thus decreasing the diversity of Dinosaur Park pachcephalosaurids to only two valid taxa. This conclusion was reached because new morphological data recovered from synchrotron scanning of the skull revealed Gravitholus to be virtually identical to mature Stegoceras.^[1]

References

^ Dyer, Aaron D.; Powers, Mark J.; Currie, Philip J. (2023). "Problematic putative pachycephalosaurids: Synchrotron µCT imaging shines new light on the anatomy and taxonomic validity of Gravitholus albertae from the Belly River Group (Campanian) of Alberta, Canada". Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology. 10 (1): 65–110. doi:10.18435/vamp29388. ISSN 2292-1389.

Wall, W. P. & Galton, P. M. (1979). "Notes on pachycephalosaurid dinosaurs (Reptilia: Ornithischia) from North America, with comments on their status as ornithopods". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 16:1176-1186
Maryańska, T., Chapman, R. E., and Weishampel, D. B. (2004). "Pachycephalosauria". In D. B. Weishampel, P. Dodson & H. Osmólska (eds.), The Dinosauria (second edition). University of California Press, Berkeley 464–477

External links

Gravitholus at the Paleobiology Database Archived 2012-02-06 at the Wayback Machine
Gravitholus on the Dinosaur Mailing List Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine

This article related to pachycephalosaur dinosaurs is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[Dyer2023-1] Dyer, Aaron D.; Powers, Mark J.; Currie, Philip J. (2023). "Problematic putative pachycephalosaurids: Synchrotron µCT imaging shines new light on the anatomy and taxonomic validity of Gravitholus albertae from the Belly River Group (Campanian) of Alberta, Canada". Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology. 10 (1): 65–110. doi:10.18435/vamp29388. ISSN 2292-1389.

[1]

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 }}
-'''''Gravitholus''''' (meaning 'heavy dome') was a [[genus]] of pachycephalosaurid [[dinosaur]] from the late [[Cretaceous]] period ([[Campanian]] [[faunal stage|stage]], around 75 [[mya (unit)|million years ago]]). It was a [[pachycephalosaur]], and like other pachycephalosaurids the skull roof formed a thick dome made of dense bone, which may have been used in head-butting contests over mates or territory. It lived in what is now [[Alberta]], Canada, and was described in 1979 by W. P. Wall and [[Peter Galton]]. The [[type species]] is ''Gravitholus albertae''.
+'''''Gravitholus''''' (meaning 'heavy dome') was a [[genus]] of [[pachycephalosaur]]id [[dinosaur]] from the late [[Cretaceous]] period ([[Campanian]] [[faunal stage|stage]], around 75 [[million years ago]]). It was a pachycephalosaur, and like other pachycephalosaurids the skull roof formed a thick dome made of dense bone, which may have been used in head-butting contests over mates or territory. It lived in what is now [[Alberta]], Canada, and was described in 1979 by W. P. Wall and [[Peter Galton]]. The [[type species]] is ''Gravitholus albertae''.
-There is some debate amongst paleontologists as to whether the animal represents a distinct genus, or if it is synonymous with ''[[Stegoceras]]''. Some recent publications indicate it may be a valid genus. ''Gravitholus'' was initially described as one of several pachycephalosaurids known from Dinosaur Park, including ''[[Stegoceras validum]]'', ''[[Hanssuesia sternbergi]]'', and ''[[Foraminacephale brevis]]''. It is unclear whether all of these species would have lived in the area at the same time. A 2023 publication by Dyer ''et al''. found ''Gravitholus'' and ''Hanssuesia'' to be synonymous with ''Stegoceras'', thus decreasing the diversity of Dinosaur Park pachcephalosaurids to only two valid taxa. This conclusion was reached because of new morphological data recovered from synchrotron scanning of the skull revealed ''Gravitholus'' to be virtually identical to ''Stegoceras.''<ref name=Dyer2023>{{Cite journal |last1=Dyer |first1=Aaron D. |last2=Powers |first2=Mark J. |last3=Currie |first3=Philip J. |date=2023 |title=Problematic putative pachycephalosaurids: Synchrotron µCT imaging shines new light on the anatomy and taxonomic validity of ''Gravitholus albertae'' from the Belly River Group (Campanian) of Alberta, Canada |url=https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/vamp/index.php/VAMP/article/view/29388 |journal=Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology |language=en |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=65–110 |doi=10.18435/vamp29388 |issn=2292-1389|doi-access=free }}</ref>
+There is some debate amongst paleontologists as to whether the animal represents a distinct genus, or if it is synonymous with ''[[Stegoceras]]''. Some recent publications indicate it may be a valid genus.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}} ''Gravitholus'' was initially described as one of several pachycephalosaurids known from Dinosaur Park, including ''[[Stegoceras validum]]'', ''[[Hanssuesia sternbergi]]'' and ''[[Foraminacephale brevis]]''. It is unclear whether all of these species would have lived in the area at the same time. A 2023 publication by Dyer ''et al''. found ''Gravitholus'' and ''Hanssuesia'' to be synonymous with ''Stegoceras'', thus decreasing the diversity of Dinosaur Park pachcephalosaurids to only two valid taxa. This conclusion was reached because new morphological data recovered from synchrotron scanning of the skull revealed ''Gravitholus'' to be virtually identical to mature ''Stegoceras.''<ref name=Dyer2023>{{Cite journal |last1=Dyer |first1=Aaron D. |last2=Powers |first2=Mark J. |last3=Currie |first3=Philip J. |author-link3=Philip J. Currie |date=2023 |title=Problematic putative pachycephalosaurids: Synchrotron µCT imaging shines new light on the anatomy and taxonomic validity of ''Gravitholus albertae'' from the Belly River Group (Campanian) of Alberta, Canada |url=https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/vamp/index.php/VAMP/article/view/29388 |journal=Vertebrate Anatomy Morphology Palaeontology |language=en |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=65–110 |doi=10.18435/vamp29388 |issn=2292-1389 |doi-access=free}}</ref>
 ==See also==
@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 ==References==
 {{Reflist}}
-*Wall, W.P. & Galton, P.M. (1979). "Notes on pachycephalosaurid dinosaurs (Reptilia: Ornithischia) from North America, with comments on their status as ornithopods". ''Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences''. 16:1176-1186
+*Wall, W. P. & Galton, P. M. (1979). "Notes on pachycephalosaurid dinosaurs (Reptilia: Ornithischia) from North America, with comments on their status as ornithopods". ''Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences''. 16:1176-1186
-*[[Teresa Maryańska|Maryanska, T.]], Chapman, R.E., and Weishampel, D.B. (2004). "Pachycephalosauria". In D. B. Weishampel, P. Dodson & H. Osmólska (eds.), ''The Dinosauria'' (second edition). University of California Press, Berkeley 464–477
+*[[Teresa Maryańska|Maryańska, T.]], Chapman, R. E., and [[David B. Weishampel|Weishampel, D. B.]] (2004). "Pachycephalosauria". In D. B. Weishampel, [[P. Dodson]] & [[Halszka Osmólska|H. Osmólska]] (eds.), ''The Dinosauria'' (second edition). University of California Press, Berkeley 464–477
 ==External links==
-* [http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=38784&is_real_user=0 ''Gravitholus'' at the Paleobiology Database]
+* [http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=38784&is_real_user=0 ''Gravitholus'' at the Paleobiology Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120206101036/http://paleodb.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?action=checkTaxonInfo&taxon_no=38784&is_real_user=0 |date=2012-02-06 }}
 * [http://dml.cmnh.org/1998Nov/msg00667.html ''Gravitholus'' on the Dinosaur Mailing List] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191144/http://dml.cmnh.org/1998Nov/msg00667.html |date=2016-03-03 }}
@@ Line 30: / Line 30: @@
 {{Taxonbar|from=Q134642}}
-[[Category:Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America]]
 [[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1979]]
-[[Category:Pachycephalosaurs]]
+[[Category:Pachycephalosaurs of Asia]]
 [[Category:Taxa named by Peter Galton]]
 [[Category:Paleontology in Alberta]]
-[[Category:Campanian genus first appearances]]
+[[Category:Campanian genera]]
-[[Category:Campanian genus extinctions]]
 [[Category:Ornithischian genera]]