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{{Short description|Italian Catholic cardinal}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2023}}
{{more citations needed|date=October 2022}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = Cardinal
| type = Cardinal
| honorific-prefix = His Eminence
| honorific-prefix = His Eminence
|name = Francesco Maria Brancaccio
| name = Francesco Maria Brancaccio
| title = Cardinal-Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina
|see = [[Diocese of Viterbo]]
| other_names =
|title = [[Bishop of Viterbo]], [[Cardinal priest]]
| image = FrancescoMariaBrancaccio.jpg
|enthroned = 28 November 1633 – 9 January 1675
| image_size =
|cardinal = 28 November 1633
| alt =
|other_post = Previously [[Bishop of Viterbo]]
| caption =
|birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1592|4|15}}
| church = [[Catholic Church]]
|birth_place = [[Canneto di Bari|Canneto]], near [[Bari]], [[Italy]]
| archdiocese =
|death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1675|1|9|1592|4|15}}
| diocese = [[Diocese of Viterbo]]
| see =
| term = 1671–1675
| predecessor = [[Marzio Ginetti]]
| successor = [[Ulderico Carpegna]]
<!-- Orders -->
| ordination =
| ordained_by =
| consecration = 8 September 1627
| consecrated_by = [[Cosimo de Torres]]
| cardinal = 28 November 1633
| created_cardinal_by =
| rank = Cardinal-Bishop
<!-- Personal details -->
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1592|4|15}}
| birth_place = [[Canneto di Bari|Canneto]], near [[Bari]], [[Kingdom of Naples]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1675|1|9|1592|4|15}}
| death_place =
| previous_post =
| nationality =
| religion =
| ethnicity =
}}
}}
'''Francesco Maria Brancaccio''' (15 April 1592, [[Canneto di Bari|Canneto]],<ref>'''Note:''' a quarter of which now constitutes the municipality of [[Adelfia]]</ref> near [[Bari]] – 9 January 1675) was an Italian [[Catholicism|Catholic]] [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]].<ref name=cath>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bbrafm.html Catholic Hierarchy:] Francesco Maria ''Cardinal'' Brancaccio</ref>
'''Francesco Maria Brancaccio''' (15 April 1592, in [[Canneto di Bari|Canneto]],<ref>'''Note:''' a quarter of which now constitutes the municipality of [[Adelfia]]</ref> near [[Bari]] – 9 January 1675) was an Italian [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|cardinal]].<ref name=CathHierMarBran>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bbrafm.html "Francesco Maria Cardinal Brancaccio"] ''[[Catholic-Hierarchy.org]]''. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 26 August 2016</ref>


==Naples==
==Naples==


Brancaccio was born on 15 April 1592, the son of Baron Muzio II Brancaccio, governor of [[Apulia]] and [[Zenobia]] in the [[Kingdom of Naples]]. He was educated by the [[Jesuits]] in [[Naples]].<ref>[http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1633.htm S. Miranda:] BRANCACCIO, Francesco Maria</ref> He was ordained there as a [[priest]] in 1619 and was rose through local ecclesiastic ranks until 1627 when he became Bishop of [[Capaccio]] which was then within the Kingdom of Naples. On 8 Sep 1627, he was consecrated bishop by [[Cosimo de Torres]], [[Cardinal-Priest]] of [[San Pancrazio]], with [[Giuseppe Acquaviva]], [[Titular Archbishop]] of ''Thebae'', and [[Francesco Nappi]], [[Bishop of Polignano]], serving as co-consecrators. While a Bishop, he came into conflict with the local ''[[City guard|foot guards]]'' with whom he had a disagreement about local ecclesiastic [[jurisdiction]].<ref name=bargrave>''Pope Alexander the Seventh and the College of Cardinals'' by [[John Bargrave]], edited by [[James Craigie Robertson]] (reprint; 2009)</ref> When the disagreement was elevated to armed conflict, a [[eunuch|''castrato'']] in Brancaccio's employ killed the [[Captain (OF-2)|captain]] of the guard. The Vice-King<ref>'''Note:''' usually a local count or other noble charged with the administration of the kingdom.</ref> ordered the bishop to stand trial and he obeyed; making arrangements to travel to Naples to give his account. But rather than travel to Naples he fled in a [[felucca]] towards Rome and upon arrival sought an audience with [[Pope Urban VIII]] to explain his side of the story. Urban agreed to defend the bishop and a furious Kingdom of Naples took custody of all the wealth and assets of Brancaccio's bishopric.
Brancaccio was born on 15 April 1592, the son of Baron Muzio II Brancaccio, governor of [[Apulia]] and [[Zenobia]] in the [[Kingdom of Naples]]. He was educated by the [[Jesuits]] in [[Naples]].<ref>{{cite web|author-link=Salvador Miranda (historian) |last=Miranda |first=Salvador |title=BRANCACCIO, Francesco Maria (1592-1675)|url=https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1633.htm#Brancaccio |work=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church |publisher=[[Florida International University]]|oclc=53276621}}</ref> He was ordained there as a [[priest]] in 1619 and was rose through local ecclesiastic ranks until 1627 when he became Bishop of [[Capaccio]] which was then within the Kingdom of Naples. On 8 Sep 1627, he was consecrated bishop by [[Cosimo de Torres]], [[Cardinal-Priest]] of [[San Pancrazio]], with [[Giuseppe Acquaviva]], [[Titular Archbishop]] of ''Thebae'', and [[Francesco Nappi (bishop)]], [[Bishop of Polignano]], serving as co-consecrators.<ref name=CathHierMarBran /> While a bishop, he came into conflict with the local ''[[City guard|foot guards]]'' with whom he had a disagreement about local ecclesiastic [[jurisdiction]].<ref name=bargrave>''Pope Alexander the Seventh and the College of Cardinals'' by [[John Bargrave]], edited by [[James Craigie Robertson]] (reprint; 2009)</ref> When the disagreement was elevated to armed conflict, a [[eunuch|''castrato'']] in Brancaccio's employ killed the [[Captain (OF-2)|captain]] of the guard. The Vice-King<ref>'''Note:''' usually a local count or other noble charged with the administration of the kingdom.</ref> ordered the bishop to stand trial and he obeyed; making arrangements to travel to Naples to give his account. But rather than travel to Naples he fled in a [[felucca]] towards Rome and upon arrival sought an audience with [[Pope Urban VIII]] to explain his side of the story. Urban agreed to defend the bishop and a furious Kingdom of Naples took custody of all the wealth and assets of Brancaccio's bishopric.


Pope Urban absolved Brancaccio of any crime and ordered that he be returned to Capaccio but the Vice-King opposed it and urged the pope to send him elsewhere.<ref name=bargrave/> The Pope, in need of more cardinals loyal to the [[Barberini]] cause, instead kept Brancaccio in Rome and he was elevated to the rank of cardinal in his consistory of 28 November 1633.
Pope Urban absolved Brancaccio of any crime and ordered that he be returned to Capaccio but the Viceroy in Naples opposed it and urged the pope to send him elsewhere.<ref name=bargrave/> The Pope, in need of more cardinals loyal to the [[Barberini]] cause, instead kept Brancaccio in Rome and he was elevated to the rank of cardinal in his consistory of 28 November 1633.


==Cardinalate==
==Cardinalate==


Now as a cardinal, there were few who would publicly speak ill of Brancaccio, though they may have wanted to. He was restored to his bishopric where he remained until 1635 when yet another conflict with yet another Vice-King saw him resign. While in Naples he worked closely with cardinals [[Francesco Boncompagni]] and [[Ippolito Aldobrandini (cardinal)|Ippolito Aldobrandini]].<ref name=bargrave/>
Now as a cardinal, there were few who would publicly speak ill of Brancaccio, though they may have wanted to. He was restored to his bishopric where he remained until 1635 when yet another conflict with yet another Viceroy saw him resign. While in Naples he worked closely with cardinals [[Francesco Boncompagni]] and [[Ippolito Aldobrandini (cardinal)|Ippolito Aldobrandini]].<ref name=bargrave/>


He became [[Bishop of Viterbo]] in 1638; then he became cardinal-bishop of [[Bishop of Sabina|Sabina]] (1666–68), of [[Bishop of Frascati|Frascati]] (1668–71), and finally of Porto e Santa Rufina (1671-75). He attended the [[papal conclave]]s of [[papal conclave, 1644|1644]], [[papal conclave, 1655|1655]], [[Papal conclave, 1667|1667]] and [[Papal conclave, 1669–1670|1669]], which elected popes [[Innocent X]], [[Alexander VII]], [[Clement IX]] and [[Clement X]] respectively.<ref name=cath/>
He became [[Bishop of Viterbo]] in 1638; then he became cardinal-bishop of [[Bishop of Sabina|Sabina]] (1666–68), of [[Bishop of Frascati|Frascati]] (1668–71), and finally of Porto e Santa Rufina (1671–75). He attended the [[papal conclave]]s of [[1644 papal conclave|1644]], [[1655 papal conclave|1655]], [[1667 papal conclave|1667]] and [[Papal conclave, 1669–1670|1669]], which elected popes [[Innocent X]], [[Alexander VII]], [[Clement IX]] and [[Clement X]] respectively.<ref name=CathHierMarBran />


==Patron of the arts==
==Patron of the arts==
[[File:Scultbarocca.jpg|thumb|right|Grave of Francesco Brancaccio]]
During his time in Rome he formed the ''Biblioteca Brancacciana'' (which later moved to Naples and became that city's first public library - it is now part of the [[National Library of Naples]]) and housed the artist [[Salvator Rosa]].
During his time in Rome he formed the ''Biblioteca Brancacciana'' (which later moved to Naples and became that city's first public library – it is now part of the [[National Library of Naples]]) and housed the artist [[Salvator Rosa]].{{citation needed|date=February 2017}}


In 1642 [[Giovanni Gentile (composer)|Giovanni Gentile]] dedicated a teaching-collection of music entitled ''Solfeggiamenti et ricercari a due voci'' (''[[Solfège]]s and [[ricercar]]i for two voices'' - Lodovico Grignani, Rome, 1642) to him. The frontispiece gives him as "CARD. FRANCESCO MARIA / BRANCACCIO. / VESCOVO DI VITERBO" ("Cardinal Francesco Maria Brancaccio, [[bishop of Viterbo]]") and in the appendices is a [[canon (music)|canon]] in two voices "Cavato dalle lettere vocali del nome, e cognome / DELL'EMINENTISSIMO E REVERENDISSIMO / CARDINALE BRANCACCIO" ("Based on the vocal letters of the name and surname of the most eminent and most reverend / cardinal Brancaccio").
In 1642 [[Giovanni Gentile (composer)|Giovanni Gentile]] dedicated a teaching-collection of music entitled ''Solfeggiamenti et ricercari a due voci'' (''[[Solfège]]s and [[ricercar]]i for two voices'' – Lodovico Grignani, Rome, 1642) to him. The frontispiece gives him as "CARD. FRANCESCO MARIA / BRANCACCIO. / VESCOVO DI VITERBO" ("Cardinal Francesco Maria Brancaccio, [[bishop of Viterbo]]") and in the appendices is a [[canon (music)|canon]] in two voices "Cavato dalle lettere vocali del nome, e cognome / DELL'EMINENTISSIMO E REVERENDISSIMO / CARDINALE BRANCACCIO" ("Based on the vocal letters of the name and surname of the most eminent and most reverend / cardinal Brancaccio").{{citation needed|date=February 2017}}


==Episcopal succession==
==Episcopal succession==
{| class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" width=75% align="center"
While bishop, he was the principal consecrator of:<ref name=CathHierMarBran>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bbrafm.html "Francesco Maria Cardinal Brancaccio"] ''[[Catholic-Hierarchy.org]]''. David M. Cheney. Retrieved August 26, 2016</ref>
|-
{{columns-list|2|
! style="background:#F5DEB3"| <small>Episcopal succession of Francesco Maria Brancaccio</small>
|-
|
While bishop, he was the [[principal consecrator]] of:<ref name=CathHierMarBran />
{{columns-list|colwidth=29em|
*[[Loreto Di Franco]] (De Franchis), [[Bishop of Capri]] (1634);
*[[Loreto Di Franco]] (De Franchis), [[Bishop of Capri]] (1634);
*[[Miguel Juan Balaguer Camarasa]], [[Bishop of Malta]] (1635);
*[[Miguel Juan Balaguer Camarasa]], [[Bishop of Malta]] (1635);
Line 46: Line 76:
*[[Pietro Magri (bishop)]], [[Bishop of Policastro]] (1635);
*[[Pietro Magri (bishop)]], [[Bishop of Policastro]] (1635);
*[[Ascanio Turamini]], [[Bishop of Grosseto]] (1637);
*[[Ascanio Turamini]], [[Bishop of Grosseto]] (1637);
*[[Carlo Maranta]], [[Bishop of Giovinazzo]] (1637);
*[[Domenico Giordani]], [[Bishop of Isernia]] (1637);
*[[Giovanni Battista Falesi]], [[Bishop of Mottola]] (1638);
*[[Giovanni Battista Falesi]], [[Bishop of Mottola]] (1638);
*[[Gaspare Conturla]], [[Bishop of Venosa]] (1638);
*[[Gaspare Conturla]], [[Bishop of Venosa]] (1638);
Line 53: Line 85:
*[[Juan Pastor]], [[Bishop of Crotone]] (1638);
*[[Juan Pastor]], [[Bishop of Crotone]] (1638);
*[[Camillo Ragona]], [[Bishop of Acerno]] (1644);
*[[Camillo Ragona]], [[Bishop of Acerno]] (1644);
*[[Alessandro Rossi (bishop of Ariano)|Alessandro Rossi]], [[Bishop of Ariano]] (1650);
*[[Raffaele de Palma]], [[Bishop of Oria]] (1650);
*[[Filippo Cesarini]], [[Bishop of Montepeloso]] (1655);
*[[Orazio degli Albizzi]], [[Bishop of Volterra]] (1655);
*[[Giuseppe de Rossi (prelate)|Giuseppe de Rossi]], [[Bishop of Umbriatico]] (1655);
*[[Francisco Camps de la Carrera y Molés]], [[Bishop of Bosa]] (1655);
*[[Maxmilián Rudolf Schleinitz]], [[Bishop of Litoměřice]] (1655);
*[[Maxmilián Rudolf Schleinitz]], [[Bishop of Litoměřice]] (1655);
*[[Jean Caramuel y Lobkowitz]], [[Bishop of Satriano e Campagna]] (1657);
*[[Jean Caramuel y Lobkowitz]], [[Bishop of Satriano e Campagna]] (1657);
*[[Giovanni Montoja de Cardona]], [[Bishop of Gallipoli]] (1659);
*[[Giovanni Montoja de Cardona]], [[Bishop of Gallipoli]] (1659);
*[[Michelangelo Vaginari]], [[Bishop of Giovinazzo]] (1659);
*[[Michelangelo Vaginari]], [[Bishop of Giovinazzo]] (1659);
*[[Antonio Ricciulli]], [[Bishop of Umbriatico]] (1659);
*[[Antonio Ricciulli (iuniore)]], [[Bishop of Umbriatico]] (1659);
*[[Giovanni Carlo Valentini]], [[Bishop of Città Ducale]] (1659);
*[[Carlo de Angelis]], [[Bishop of L'Aquila]] (1663);
*[[Carlo de Angelis]], [[Bishop of L'Aquila]] (1663);
*[[Antonio Cervini]], [[Bishop of Montepulciano]] (1663);
*[[Antonio Cervini]], [[Bishop of Montepulciano]] (1663);
Line 68: Line 107:
*[[Giovanni Antonio Geloso]], [[Bishop of Patti]] (1669);
*[[Giovanni Antonio Geloso]], [[Bishop of Patti]] (1669);
*[[Vincenzo Maria da Silva]], [[Bishop of Policastro]] (1671);
*[[Vincenzo Maria da Silva]], [[Bishop of Policastro]] (1671);
*[[John Brenan (bishop)]], [[Bishop of Waterford and Lismore]] (1671);}}
*[[John Brenan (archbishop)]], [[Bishop of Waterford and Lismore]] (1671);}}


and the principal co-consecrator of:<ref name=CathHierMarBran />
and the [[principal co-consecrator]] of:<ref name=CathHierMarBran />


*[[Placido Padiglia]], [[Bishop of Lavello]] (1627);
*[[Placido Padiglia]], [[Bishop of Lavello]] (1627);
*[[Tommaso d'Ancora]] (Ariconi), [[Bishop of Mottola]] (1630); and
*[[Tommaso d'Ancora]] (Ariconi), [[Bishop of Mottola]] (1630);
*[[Giovan Battista Curiale]] (Correale), [[Bishop of Nicastro]] (1632).
*[[Giovan Battista Curiale]] (Correale), [[Bishop of Nicastro]] (1632); and
*[[Marc'Antonio Verità]], [[Bishop of Ossero]] (1633).
|}
{{clear}}


==References and notes==
==References and notes==
Line 80: Line 122:


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.bicinium.it/Pagine/Source/Source_Gentile.php?lang=it Dedication by G. Gentile, to Cardinale Brancaccio]
* [http://www.bicinium.it/Pagine/Source/Source_Gentile.php?lang=it Dedication by G. Gentile, to Cardinale Brancaccio]{{dead link|date=June 2020|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}


{{s-start}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{succession box
| title = [[Bishop of Capaccio]]
| years = 1627–1635
| before = [[Pedro de Mata y Haro]]
| after = [[Luigi Pappacoda]]}}
{{succession box
| title = [[Cardinal-Priest]] of [[Santi XII Apostoli]]
| years = 1634–1663
| before = [[Desiderio Scaglia]]
| after = [[Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri Degli Albertoni]]}}
{{succession box
| title = [[Bishop of Viterbo e Tuscania]]
| years = 1638–1670
| before = [[Alessandro Cesarini (iuniore)]]
| after = [[Stefano Brancaccio]]}}
{{succession box
| title = [[Cardinal-Priest]] of [[San Lorenzo in Lucina]]
| years = 1663–1666
| before = [[Giovanni Battista Maria Pallotta]]
| after = [[Stefano Durazzo]]}}
{{succession box
| title = [[Cardinal-Bishop]] of [[Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto|Sabina]]
| years = 1666–1668
| before = [[Marzio Ginetti]]
| after = [[Giulio Gabrielli]]}}
{{succession box
| title = [[Cardinal-Bishop]] of [[Frascati]]
| years = 1668-1671
| before = [[Giovanni Battista Maria Pallotta]]
| after = [[Ulderico Carpegna]]}}
{{succession box
| title = [[Cardinal-Bishop]] of [[Porto e Santa Rufina]]
| years = 1671–1675
| before = [[Marzio Ginetti]]
| after = [[Ulderico Carpegna]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Subject bar |portal1= Biography |portal2= Catholicism |portal3= Italy}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


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[[Category:1592 births]]
[[Category:1592 births]]
[[Category:1675 deaths]]
[[Category:1675 deaths]]
[[Category:Italian Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:17th-century Italian Roman Catholic bishops]]
[[Category:Italian cardinals]]
[[Category:Cardinal-bishops of Frascati]]
[[Category:Cardinal-bishops of Frascati]]
[[Category:Cardinal-bishops of Porto]]
[[Category:Cardinal-bishops of Porto]]
[[Category:Cardinal-bishops of Sabina]]
[[Category:Cardinal-bishops of Sabina]]
[[Category:Cardinals created by Pope Urban VIII]]
[[Category:Bishops of Viterbo]]
[[Category:Bishops of Viterbo]]
[[Category:17th-century Italian cardinals]]

Latest revision as of 19:15, 22 September 2024

His Eminence

Francesco Maria Brancaccio
Cardinal-Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina
ChurchCatholic Church
DioceseDiocese of Viterbo
In office1671–1675
PredecessorMarzio Ginetti
SuccessorUlderico Carpegna
Orders
Consecration8 September 1627
by Cosimo de Torres
Created cardinal28 November 1633
RankCardinal-Bishop
Personal details
Born(1592-04-15)15 April 1592
Canneto, near Bari, Kingdom of Naples
Died9 January 1675(1675-01-09) (aged 82)

Francesco Maria Brancaccio (15 April 1592, in Canneto,[1] near Bari – 9 January 1675) was an Italian Catholic cardinal.[2]

Naples

[edit]

Brancaccio was born on 15 April 1592, the son of Baron Muzio II Brancaccio, governor of Apulia and Zenobia in the Kingdom of Naples. He was educated by the Jesuits in Naples.[3] He was ordained there as a priest in 1619 and was rose through local ecclesiastic ranks until 1627 when he became Bishop of Capaccio which was then within the Kingdom of Naples. On 8 Sep 1627, he was consecrated bishop by Cosimo de Torres, Cardinal-Priest of San Pancrazio, with Giuseppe Acquaviva, Titular Archbishop of Thebae, and Francesco Nappi (bishop), Bishop of Polignano, serving as co-consecrators.[2] While a bishop, he came into conflict with the local foot guards with whom he had a disagreement about local ecclesiastic jurisdiction.[4] When the disagreement was elevated to armed conflict, a castrato in Brancaccio's employ killed the captain of the guard. The Vice-King[5] ordered the bishop to stand trial and he obeyed; making arrangements to travel to Naples to give his account. But rather than travel to Naples he fled in a felucca towards Rome and upon arrival sought an audience with Pope Urban VIII to explain his side of the story. Urban agreed to defend the bishop and a furious Kingdom of Naples took custody of all the wealth and assets of Brancaccio's bishopric.

Pope Urban absolved Brancaccio of any crime and ordered that he be returned to Capaccio but the Viceroy in Naples opposed it and urged the pope to send him elsewhere.[4] The Pope, in need of more cardinals loyal to the Barberini cause, instead kept Brancaccio in Rome and he was elevated to the rank of cardinal in his consistory of 28 November 1633.

Cardinalate

[edit]

Now as a cardinal, there were few who would publicly speak ill of Brancaccio, though they may have wanted to. He was restored to his bishopric where he remained until 1635 when yet another conflict with yet another Viceroy saw him resign. While in Naples he worked closely with cardinals Francesco Boncompagni and Ippolito Aldobrandini.[4]

He became Bishop of Viterbo in 1638; then he became cardinal-bishop of Sabina (1666–68), of Frascati (1668–71), and finally of Porto e Santa Rufina (1671–75). He attended the papal conclaves of 1644, 1655, 1667 and 1669, which elected popes Innocent X, Alexander VII, Clement IX and Clement X respectively.[2]

Patron of the arts

[edit]
Grave of Francesco Brancaccio

During his time in Rome he formed the Biblioteca Brancacciana (which later moved to Naples and became that city's first public library – it is now part of the National Library of Naples) and housed the artist Salvator Rosa.[citation needed]

In 1642 Giovanni Gentile dedicated a teaching-collection of music entitled Solfeggiamenti et ricercari a due voci (Solfèges and ricercari for two voices – Lodovico Grignani, Rome, 1642) to him. The frontispiece gives him as "CARD. FRANCESCO MARIA / BRANCACCIO. / VESCOVO DI VITERBO" ("Cardinal Francesco Maria Brancaccio, bishop of Viterbo") and in the appendices is a canon in two voices "Cavato dalle lettere vocali del nome, e cognome / DELL'EMINENTISSIMO E REVERENDISSIMO / CARDINALE BRANCACCIO" ("Based on the vocal letters of the name and surname of the most eminent and most reverend / cardinal Brancaccio").[citation needed]

Episcopal succession

[edit]

References and notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Note: a quarter of which now constitutes the municipality of Adelfia
  2. ^ a b c d e "Francesco Maria Cardinal Brancaccio" Catholic-Hierarchy.org. David M. Cheney. Retrieved 26 August 2016
  3. ^ Miranda, Salvador. "BRANCACCIO, Francesco Maria (1592-1675)". The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Florida International University. OCLC 53276621.
  4. ^ a b c Pope Alexander the Seventh and the College of Cardinals by John Bargrave, edited by James Craigie Robertson (reprint; 2009)
  5. ^ Note: usually a local count or other noble charged with the administration of the kingdom.
[edit]
Catholic Church titles
Preceded by Bishop of Capaccio
1627–1635 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Cardinal-Priest of Santi XII Apostoli
1634–1663 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Bishop of Viterbo e Tuscania
1638–1670 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Cardinal-Priest of San Lorenzo in Lucina
1663–1666 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Cardinal-Bishop of Sabina
1666–1668 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati
1668-1671 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Cardinal-Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina
1671–1675 		Succeeded by
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