Royal Red Cross: Difference between revisions

Royal Red Cross
Royal Red Cross
	; Badge of the Royal Red Cross ; Badge of an Associate of the Royal Red Cross
Type	decoration
Awarded for	Exceptional services in military nursing
Presented by	United Kingdom
Eligibility	Members of the Military Nursing Services
Post-nominals	RRC; ARRC
Established	27 April 1883
	Ribbon bar
Order of Wear
Next (higher)	Conspicuous Gallantry Cross (CGC); Air Force Cross (AFC)
Next (lower)	Distinguished Service Cross (DSC); Order of Saint John

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Latest revision as of 15:29, 20 October 2024

The Royal Red Cross (RRC) is a military decoration awarded in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth for exceptional services in military nursing. It was created in 1883 and the first two awards were to Florence Nightingale and Jane Cecilia Deeble. Deeble had served in Zululand and she had noted that the work of the nurses was not recognised officially.

Foundation

The award was established on 27 April 1883 by Queen Victoria, with a single class of Member and first awarded to the founder of modern nursing, Florence Nightingale. The second award was made to Jane Cecilia Deeble. Deeble had served in Zululand and she had noted that the work of the nurses was not recognised officially. The award was created after this comment was passed to the Queen's senior official, Sir Henry Ponsonby, after he was told that "a word of recognition from the Queen … would make her and them [i.e. Jane Cecilia Deeble and the nurses] happy and proud for the rest of their lives".^[3]

A second and lower class, Associate, was added during the First World War in November 1915.^[4]

The award is made to a fully trained nurse of an officially recognised nursing service, military or civilian, who has shown exceptional devotion and competence in the performance of nursing duties, over a continuous and long period, or who has performed an exceptional act of bravery and devotion at her or his post of duty. It is conferred on members of the nursing services regardless of rank. Holders of the second class who receive a further award are promoted to the first class, although an initial award can also be made in the first class. Holders of the first class who receive a further award are awarded a bar.^[5]

The decoration was conferred exclusively on women until 1976, when men became eligible, with posthumous awards permitted from 1979.^[6]

Recipients of the Royal Red Cross are entitled to use the post-nominal letters "RRC" for Members and "ARRC" for Associates.^[7]

Description

The badge for RRC is in the shape of a golden cross, 1.375 inches (3.49 cm) wide, the obverse enamelled red, with a circular medallion, bearing an effigy of the reigning monarch at its centre. The words "Faith", "Hope" and "Charity" are inscribed on the upper limbs of the cross, with the year "1883" in the lower limb.
The reverse is plain except a circular medallion bearing the royal cypher of the reigning monarch.
The badge for ARRC is in the shape of a silver cross, 1.375 inches (3.49 cm) wide, the obverse enamelled red, with broad silver edges around the enamel; a circular medallion bearing an effigy of the reigning monarch at its centre.
The reverse has a circular medallion bearing the royal cypher of the reigning monarch, with the words "Faith", "Hope" and "Charity" inscribed on the upper three limbs of the cross, with the year "1883" in the lower limb.
The ribbon for both grades is dark blue with crimson edge stripes. The decoration is worn by women from the ribbon in the form of a bow, although it can be worn by both sexes in military uniform on a straight ribbon alongside other medals.
To recognise further exceptional devotion and competency in the performance of nursing duties or exceptional act of bravery and devotion at her or his post of duty, a bar may be awarded to a recipient of the RRC. The bar is linked to the cross and is made of red enamel. A rosette is worn on the ribbon in undress to denote a bar to the RRC.

References

^ ^a ^b "No. 56878". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 March 2003. p. 3351.
^ "JSP 761 Honours and Awards in the Armed Forces" (PDF). p. 12A-1. Retrieved 7 November 2014.
^ Cohen, Susan L. (11 January 2024), "Deeble [née Egan], Jane Cecilia (1827–1913), nurse", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.013.90000382491, ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8, retrieved 15 January 2024
^ "No. 29368". The London Gazette. 16 November 1915. p. 11324.
^ P E Abbott & J M A Tamplin. British Gallantry Awards. pp. 259–270. Nimrod Dix & Co, London, 1981. ISBN 0-902633-74-0.
^ P E Abbott & J M A Tamplin. British Gallantry Awards. p. xx. Nimrod Dix & Co, London, 1981. ISBN 0-902633-74-0.
^ John Mussell (ed). Medal Yearbook 2015. p. 86. Token Publishing Ltd. Honiton, Devon.

External links

[LondonGazette-1] "No. 56878". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 March 2003. p. 3351.

[JSP761-2] "JSP 761 Honours and Awards in the Armed Forces" (PDF). p. 12A-1. Retrieved 7 November 2014.

[3] Cohen, Susan L. (11 January 2024), "Deeble [née Egan], Jane Cecilia (1827–1913), nurse", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.013.90000382491, ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8, retrieved 15 January 2024

[4] "No. 29368". The London Gazette. 16 November 1915. p. 11324.

[Abbott-5] P E Abbott & J M A Tamplin. British Gallantry Awards. pp. 259–270. Nimrod Dix & Co, London, 1981. ISBN 0-902633-74-0.

[6] P E Abbott & J M A Tamplin. British Gallantry Awards. p. xx. Nimrod Dix & Co, London, 1981. ISBN 0-902633-74-0.

[Mussell-7] John Mussell (ed). Medal Yearbook 2015. p. 86. Token Publishing Ltd. Honiton, Devon.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Infobox Military Award
+{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
+{{Infobox award
 |name=Royal Red Cross
-|image=[[File:Medal, order (AM 2001.25.863-1).jpg|260px]]<br>Badge of the Royal Red Cross <br>[[File:Medal, decoration (AM 2001.25.56-4).jpg|260px]]
+|image=[[File:Medal, order (AM 2001.25.863-1).jpg|260px]]<br />Badge of the Royal Red Cross <br />[[File:Medal, decoration (AM 2001.25.56-4).jpg|260px]]
 |caption=Badge of an Associate of the Royal Red Cross
 |presenter=[[United Kingdom]]
-|type= Military decoration
+|type= decoration
 |eligibility= Members of the Military Nursing Services
 |awarded_for= ''Exceptional services in military nursing''
-|post-nominals=RRC<br/>ARRC
+|post-nominals=RRC<br />ARRC
 |status=
 |description=
@@ Line 19: / Line 21: @@
 |individual=
 |precedence_label=Order of Wear
-|higher=[[Conspicuous Gallantry Cross]] (CGC)<br/>[[Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)|Air Force Cross]] (AFC)<ref name="LondonGazette">{{London Gazette|issue=56878|page=3351|date=17 March 2003|supp=y}}</ref>
+|higher=[[Conspicuous Gallantry Cross]] (CGC)<br />[[Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)|Air Force Cross]] (AFC)<ref name="LondonGazette">{{London Gazette|issue=56878|page=3351|date=17 March 2003|supp=y}}</ref>
 |same=
-|lower=[[Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)|Distinguished Service Cross]] (DSC)<ref name="LondonGazette"/><br/>[[Venerable Order of Saint John|Order of Saint John]]<ref name=JSP761>{{cite web|title=JSP 761 Honours and Awards in the Armed Forces |url=http://ndm-pr.webs.com/jsp761%5B1%5D.pdf |page=12A-1 |access-date=7 November 2014}}</ref>
+|lower=[[Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)|Distinguished Service Cross]] (DSC)<ref name="LondonGazette"/><br />[[Venerable Order of Saint John|Order of Saint John]]<ref name=JSP761>{{cite web|title=JSP 761 Honours and Awards in the Armed Forces |url=http://ndm-pr.webs.com/jsp761%5B1%5D.pdf |page=12A-1 |access-date=7 November 2014}}</ref>
 |image2=[[Image:Royal Red Cross (UK) ribbon.png|90px]]
 |caption2=Ribbon bar
 }}
-The '''Royal Red Cross''' is a military decoration awarded in the [[United Kingdom]] and [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] for exceptional services in military nursing.
+The '''Royal Red Cross''' ('''RRC''') is a military decoration awarded in the [[United Kingdom]] and [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] for exceptional services in military nursing. It was created in 1883 and the first two awards were to [[Florence Nightingale]] and [[Jane Cecilia Deeble]]. Deeble had served in Zululand and she had noted that the work of the nurses was not recognised officially.
 ==Foundation==
-The award was established on 23 April 1883 by [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria]], with a single class of Member and first awarded to the founder of modern nursing, [[Florence Nightingale]]. A second and lower class, Associate, was added during [[World War I]] in November 1915.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=29368 |date=16 November 1915|page=11324}}</ref>
+The award was established on 27 April 1883 by [[Victoria of the United Kingdom|Queen Victoria]], with a single class of Member and first awarded to the founder of modern nursing, [[Florence Nightingale]]. The second award was made to [[Jane Cecilia Deeble]]. Deeble had served in [[Zulu Kingdom|Zululand]] and she had noted that the work of the nurses was not recognised officially. The award was created after this comment was passed to the Queen's senior official, [[Henry Ponsonby|Sir Henry Ponsonby]], after he was told that "a word of recognition from the Queen … would make her and them [i.e. Jane Cecilia Deeble and the nurses] happy and proud for the rest of their lives".<ref>{{Citation |last=Cohen |first=Susan L. |title=Deeble [née Egan], Jane Cecilia (1827–1913), nurse |date=2024-01-11 |url=https://www.oxforddnb.com/display/10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-90000382491 |work=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |access-date=2024-01-15 |publisher=Oxford University Press |language=en |doi=10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.013.90000382491 |isbn=978-0-19-861412-8}}</ref>
+A second and lower class, Associate, was added during the [[First World War]] in November 1915.<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=29368 |date=16 November 1915|page=11324}}</ref>
-The award is made to a fully trained nurse of an officially recognised nursing service, military or civilian, who has shown exceptional devotion and competence in the performance of nursing duties, over a continuous and long period, or who has performed an exceptional act of bravery and devotion at her or his post of duty. It is conferred on members of the nursing services regardless of rank. Holders of the second class who receive a further award are promoted to the first class, although an initial award can also be made in the first class. Holders of the first class who receive a further award are awarded a [[medal bar|bar]].<ref name=Abbott>{{Cite book|author= P E Abbott & J M A Tamplin.|title=British Gallantry Awards.|pp=259-270. Nimrod Dix & Co, London, 1981.}}{{ISBN|0-902633-74-0}}</ref>
+The award is made to a fully trained nurse of an officially recognised nursing service, military or civilian, who has shown exceptional devotion and competence in the performance of nursing duties, over a continuous and long period, or who has performed an exceptional act of bravery and devotion at her or his post of duty. It is conferred on members of the nursing services regardless of rank. Holders of the second class who receive a further award are promoted to the first class, although an initial award can also be made in the first class. Holders of the first class who receive a further award are awarded a [[medal bar|bar]].<ref name=Abbott>{{Cite book|author= P E Abbott & J M A Tamplin.|title=British Gallantry Awards.|pages=259–270. Nimrod Dix & Co, London, 1981|isbn=0-902633-74-0}}</ref>
-The decoration was conferred exclusively on women until 1976, when men became eligible, with posthumous awards permitted from 1979.<ref>{{Cite book|author= P E Abbott & J M A Tamplin.|title=British Gallantry Awards.|page=xx. Nimrod Dix & Co, London, 1981.}}{{ISBN|0-902633-74-0}}</ref>
+The decoration was conferred exclusively on women until 1976, when men became eligible, with posthumous awards permitted from 1979.<ref>{{Cite book|author= P E Abbott & J M A Tamplin.|title=British Gallantry Awards.|page=xx. Nimrod Dix & Co, London, 1981|isbn=0-902633-74-0}}</ref>
-Recipients of the Royal Red Cross are entitled to use the [[post-nominal letters]] "RRC" or "ARRC" for Members and Associates respectively.<ref name=Mussell>{{Cite book|author=John Mussell (ed).|title=Medal Yearbook 2015.|page=86. Token Publishing Ltd. Honiton, Devon.}}</ref>
+Recipients of the Royal Red Cross are entitled to use the [[post-nominal letters]] "RRC" for Members and "ARRC" for Associates.<ref name=Mussell>{{Cite book|author=John Mussell (ed).|title=Medal Yearbook 2015.|page=86. Token Publishing Ltd. Honiton, Devon}}</ref>
 ==Description==
-* The ''badge for RRC'' is in the shape of a golden cross, {{Convert|1.375|in|cm}} wide, the obverse enamelled red, with a circular medallion, bearing an effigy of the reigning monarch at its centre. The words [[Theological virtues|"Faith", "Hope" and "Charity"]] are inscribed on the upper limbs of the cross, with the year "1883" in the lower limb.<br>The reverse is plain except a circular medallion bearing the [[royal cypher]] of the reigning monarch.
+* The ''badge for RRC'' is in the shape of a golden cross, {{Convert|1.375|in|cm}} wide, the obverse enamelled red, with a circular medallion, bearing an effigy of the reigning monarch at its centre. The words [[Theological virtues|"Faith", "Hope" and "Charity"]] are inscribed on the upper limbs of the cross, with the year "1883" in the lower limb.<br />The reverse is plain except a circular medallion bearing the [[royal cypher]] of the reigning monarch.
-* The ''badge for ARRC'' is in the shape of a silver cross, {{Convert|1.375|in|cm}} wide, the obverse enamelled red, with broad silver edges around the enamel; a circular medallion bearing an effigy of the reigning monarch at its centre.<br>The reverse has a circular medallion bearing the royal cypher of the reigning monarch, with the words "Faith", "Hope" and "Charity" inscribed on the upper three limbs of the cross, with the year "1883" in the lower limb.
+* The ''badge for ARRC'' is in the shape of a silver cross, {{Convert|1.375|in|cm}} wide, the obverse enamelled red, with broad silver edges around the enamel; a circular medallion bearing an effigy of the reigning monarch at its centre.<br />The reverse has a circular medallion bearing the royal cypher of the reigning monarch, with the words "Faith", "Hope" and "Charity" inscribed on the upper three limbs of the cross, with the year "1883" in the lower limb.
 * The ''ribbon'' for both grades is dark blue with crimson edge stripes. The decoration is worn by women from the ribbon in the form of a bow, although it can be worn by both sexes in military uniform on a straight ribbon alongside other medals.
 * To recognise further exceptional devotion and competency in the performance of nursing duties or exceptional act of bravery and devotion at her or his post of duty, a bar may be awarded to a recipient of the RRC. The bar is linked to the cross and is made of red enamel. A [[Rosette (decoration)|rosette]] is worn on the ribbon in undress to denote a bar to the RRC.

v t e Orders of chivalry for women
Exclusively for women:	Austria: Order of the Starry Cross Order of Love of the Neighbour Order of Elizabeth Bavaria: Order of Theresa Order of Saint Elizabeth Order of Saint Anna Burgundy: Order of the Dames of Rougemont Brunswick: Cross of Merit for ladies Bulgaria: Order of Charity Cambodia: Order of Satrei Vathana Denmark: Ordre de Parfaite Amitié Kingdom of Egypt: Order of the Virtues Ethiopia: Order of the Queen of Sheba Germany - Holy Roman Empire: Order of the Slaves of the Virtue Third Reich: Cross of Honour of the German Mother Greece: Order of Saints Olga and Sophia Order of Beneficence Japan: Order of the Precious Crown Lippe-Detmold: Ordine di Berta Korea: Order of the Auspicious Phoenix Mantua: Order of the Dames of Maria Elisa Mexico: Order of Saint Charles Persia: Order of Aftab Order of the Pleiades Philippines: Order of Gabriela Silang Portugal: Order of Saint Isabel Prussia: Order of Louise Cross of Merit for Women and Girls Ladies Merit Cross Romania: Commemorative Cross for Ladies Order for Merits Russia: Order of Saint Catherine Order of Saint Anastasia (since 2010) Order of the Red Cross for Ladies and Misses Holy See: Golden Rose (from 1759) Saxony: Order of Sidonia Ordine of Anna Maria Saxe-Merseburg: Order of the Skull Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt: Order of the Dames Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt & Schwarzburg-Sondershausen: Medal of Honour of Anna Luisa Serbia: Medal of Princess Nathalie Medal of Queen Nathalie Spain: Order of Queen Maria Luisa Sudan: Order of Excellence for Women Tonga Royal Family Order of Tonga Turkey: Order of Charity Ukraine: Order of Princess Olga United Kingdom: Royal family order Royal Family Order of George IV Royal Order of Victoria and Albert Royal Family Order of Edward VII Royal Family Order of George V Royal Family Order of George VI Royal Family Order of Elizabeth II Royal Family Order of Charles III Order of the Crown of India Royal Red Cross Württemberg: Order of Olga
Included a class for women:	Anhalt: Order of Albert the Bear Baden: House Order of Fidelity Finland: Order of the White Rose of Finland Hesse: Order of the Star of Brabant Netherlands: Order of the House of Orange Saxon Duchies: Saxe-Ernestine House Order Thailand: Order of Chula Chom Klao Westphalia: Order of the Crown of Westphalia

Latest revision as of 15:29, 20 October 2024

Foundation

Description

See also

References

External links