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Coordinates: 43°54′05″N 1°53′57″E / 43.9014°N 1.8992°E / 43.9014; 1.8992
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{{Infobox French commune
{{Infobox French commune
|name = Gaillac
|name = Gaillac
|commune status = [[Communes of France|Commune]]
|region = Midi-Pyrénées
|image = Gaillac - Marché couvert et maison à colombages place du Griffoul.jpg
|department = Tarn
|caption = The Place du Griffoul, in Gaillac
|image coat of arms = Blason ville fr Gaillac (Tarn).svg
|arrondissement = Albi
|arrondissement = Albi
|canton = Gaillac
|canton = Gaillac
|intercommunality = Tarn et Dadou
|intercommunality = [[Communauté d'agglomération Gaillac-Graulhet|CA Gaillac-Graulhet]]
|mayor = Martine Souquet<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|publisher=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=13 September 2022|language=fr}}</ref>
|mayor = Michèle Rieux
|term =
|term = 2020&ndash;2026
|INSEE = 81099
|INSEE = 81099
|postal code = 81600
|postal code = 81600
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|elevation min m = 105
|elevation min m = 105
|elevation max m = 288
|elevation max m = 288
|longitude = 1.8992
|coordinates = {{coord|43.9014|1.8992|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|latitude = 43.9014
|area km2 = 50.93
|area km2 = 50.93
|population = 12775
|population = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
|population date = 2006
|population date = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
|population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
}}
}}


'''Gaillac''' ({{Lang-oc|Galhac}}) is a [[Communes of France|commune]] in the [[Tarn, France|Tarn]] [[Departments of France|department]] in southern [[France]].
'''Gaillac''' ({{IPA|fr|ɡajak|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-gaillac.wav}}; {{Langx|oc|Galhac}}) is a [[Communes of France|commune]] in the [[Tarn (department)|Tarn]] [[Departments of France|department]] in southern [[France]]. It had in 2013 a population of 14,334 inhabitants.


Its inhabitants are called Gaillacois.
⚫
==Geography of Gaillac==


⚫
==Geography==
⚫
Gaillac is a town situated between Toulouse, Albi and Montauban. It has gained a large amount of recognition due to the wines that bear the towns name. The Tarn river runs along the border of the town by the south, east and west. It lies 50&nbsp;km north-east of [[Toulouse]]. It is a market town and is the commercial centre of the north-west of Tarn.


⚫
Gaillac is a town situated between [[Toulouse]], [[Albi]] and [[Montauban]]. It has gained much recognition due to the wines that bear the town's name. The river [[Tarn (river)|Tarn]] runs along the border of the town by the south, east and west. It lies 50&nbsp;km north-east of Toulouse. It is a market town and is the commercial centre of the north-west of Tarn.
⚫
==History of Gaillac==


The local wine of Gaillac, first made almost two thousand years ago, is of two official appellations (AOC). The terroir is made up of clay, limestone, sand and silex soils. Gaillac receives more sunshine than Bordeaux and is graced by a cool maritime climate. Duras is the name both of [[Duras (grape)|the grape]] that is native to this area and of an AOC and [[Duras, Lot-et-Garonne|town]] just northwest of the two "Gaillac" designations.
⚫
The town was founded in the Second Century AD by the [[Gauls]] who created a river port where they exported their wine into [[Gallia Narbonensis]]. When [[Aquitane]] was taken by Rome, Gaillac gained prosperity with its [[wine]]. However, great invasions annihilated the town and left nothing behind. It was only until the monks of Saint-Michel gained viticulture privileges from the Bishop of [[Albi]], in 972 that the population stabilised and Gaillac started to become a town. Their wines were at first sent to Bordeaux where they would be exported to England. The Abbey of St.Michel was constructed in the 10th century AD and in 1271, the Abbey was reconstructed. In 1524 the abbey was secularised but the title of abbey was kept.


⚫
==History==
⚫
During the religious wars, the "Gaillacois" refused to change their religion and remained Catholics and were chased out of the town by Protestants. They refugied at [[Castelnau-de-Montmiral]]. After the massacre of Saint-Barthelemy on 24 August 1572 in Paris, the Gaillacois massacred the Protestants, 74 out of the 90 in the town. The abbey was once again reconstructed between 1572-1620. In the seventeenth century the Chateau of Foucaud was built.


⚫
The town was founded in the second century CE by the [[Gauls]] who created a river port where they exported their wine into [[Gallia Narbonensis]]. When [[Aquitania]] was conquered by Rome, Gaillac gained prosperity with its [[wine]]. However, the barbarian invasions annihilated the town and left nothing behind. It was only when the monks of Saint-Michel gained viticulture privileges from the [[Bishop of Albi]], in 972, that the population stabilized and Gaillac started to become a town again. Their wines were at first sent to Bordeaux where they would be exported to England. The {{ill|lt=Abbey of Saint-Michel|Abbey of Saint-Michel de Gaillac|fr|Abbaye Saint-Michel de Gaillac}} was constructed in the 10th century and rebuilt in 1271. In 1524 the abbey was secularized but the title of abbey retained.
⚫
It was from the town of Gaillac that Louis-Phillippe I addressed the words:

⚫
During the religious wars, the "Gaillacois" refused to change their religion and remained Catholics and were chased out of the town by Protestants. They took refuge at [[Castelnau-de-Montmiral]]. After the [[St. Bartholomew's Day massacre]] on 24 August 1572, in Paris, the Gaillacois massacred 74 out of the 90 Huguenots in the town. The abbey was once again rebuilt between 1572 and 1620. In the seventeenth century the {{ill|Château de Foucaud|fr}} was erected.

⚫
It was from the town of Gaillac that [[Louis-Philippe I]] addressed the words:
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
Nous chercherons à nous tenir dans un juste milieu, également éloigné des excès du pouvoir populaire et des abus du pouvoir royal.
Nous chercherons à nous tenir dans un [[juste milieu]], également éloigné des excès du pouvoir populaire et des abus du pouvoir royal.
</blockquote>
</blockquote>


Which translates as: "We search to keep ourselves in proper surroundings, equally distant from the excesses of popular power and the abuses of royal power." This sentence would define the July Monarchy.
Which may be translated: "We seek to keep ourselves in proper state, aloof from both the excesses of popular power and the abuses of royal power." This sentence would define the [[July Monarchy]].

==Population==
{{Historical populations
|source = INSEE<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-81099#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE</ref>
|percentages = pagr
|align = none
|graph-pos = right
|1968 |10315
|1975 |10573
|1982 |10389
|1990 |10378
|1999 |11073
|2007 |12939
|2012 |13820
|2017 |15294
}}


==Administration==
==Administration==
The mayors of the town have been:
The mayors of the town have been:
* Henry Yrissou 1956-1977
* [[Henri Yrissou]] 1956-1977
* André Saux 1977-1983
* André Saux 1977-1983
* Jacques Dary 1983-1995
* Jacques Dary 1983-1995
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==Transport==
==Transport==


[[Gaillac station]] has rail connections to Toulouse, Aurillac, Albi and Rodez. [[Tessonnières station]] is on the line to Albi.
* [[Gare de Gaillac]]


==Sport==
==Sport==
* [[UA Gaillac]] - Local [[rugby union|rugby]] team.
* [[UA Gaillac]] - Local [[rugby union|rugby]] team.


==Twin towns==
==Notable people==
*[[Joseph Castagné]] - [[ethnography|Ethnographer]] and expert on [[Central Asia]].
* [[Caspe]], {{ESP}}
*[[Fernande Decruck]] - composer


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Gaillac AOC]]
* [[Gaillac AOC]]
* [[Communes of the Tarn department]]
* [[Communes of the Tarn department]]
* [[Albi]]
* [[Toulouse]]
* [[Tourism in Tarn]]
* [[Tourism in Tarn]]


==References==
==References==
*[http://www.insee.fr/en/home/home_page.asp INSEE]
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


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{{Tarn communes}}
{{Tarn communes}}


{{Authority control}}
⚫
[[Category:Communes of Tarn (department)]]


⚫
[[Category:Communes of Tarn (department)]]
[[ca:Galhac]]
[[ceb:Gaillac]]
[[Category:Languedoc]]
[[de:Gaillac (Tarn)]]
[[es:Gaillac]]
[[eu:Gaillac]]
[[fr:Gaillac]]
[[it:Gaillac]]
[[ms:Gaillac]]
[[nl:Gaillac]]
[[ja:ガヤック]]
[[oc:Galhac]]
[[pl:Gaillac]]
[[ru:Гайяк]]
[[sk:Gaillac]]
[[uk:Гаяк]]
[[vi:Gaillac]]
[[vo:Gaillac]]
[[war:Gaillac]]

Latest revision as of 17:56, 28 October 2024

Gaillac
Commune
The Place du Griffoul, in Gaillac
The Place du Griffoul, in Gaillac
Coat of arms of Gaillac
Coat of arms
Location of Gaillac
Map
Gaillac is located in France
Gaillac
Gaillac
Gaillac is located in Occitanie
Gaillac
Gaillac
Coordinates: 43°54′05″N 1°53′57″E / 43.9014°N 1.8992°E / 43.9014; 1.8992
CountryFrance
RegionOccitania
DepartmentTarn
ArrondissementAlbi
CantonGaillac
IntercommunalityCA Gaillac-Graulhet
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Martine Souquet[1]
Area
1
50.93 km2 (19.66 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[2]
15,663
 • Density310/km2 (800/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code
81099 /81600
Elevation105–288 m (344–945 ft)
(avg. 140 m or 460 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Gaillac (French pronunciation: [ɡajak] ⓘ; Occitan: Galhac) is a commune in the Tarn department in southern France. It had in 2013 a population of 14,334 inhabitants.

Its inhabitants are called Gaillacois.

Geography

[edit]

Gaillac is a town situated between Toulouse, Albi and Montauban. It has gained much recognition due to the wines that bear the town's name. The river Tarn runs along the border of the town by the south, east and west. It lies 50 km north-east of Toulouse. It is a market town and is the commercial centre of the north-west of Tarn.

The local wine of Gaillac, first made almost two thousand years ago, is of two official appellations (AOC). The terroir is made up of clay, limestone, sand and silex soils. Gaillac receives more sunshine than Bordeaux and is graced by a cool maritime climate. Duras is the name both of the grape that is native to this area and of an AOC and town just northwest of the two "Gaillac" designations.

History

[edit]

The town was founded in the second century CE by the Gauls who created a river port where they exported their wine into Gallia Narbonensis. When Aquitania was conquered by Rome, Gaillac gained prosperity with its wine. However, the barbarian invasions annihilated the town and left nothing behind. It was only when the monks of Saint-Michel gained viticulture privileges from the Bishop of Albi, in 972, that the population stabilized and Gaillac started to become a town again. Their wines were at first sent to Bordeaux where they would be exported to England. The Abbey of Saint-Michel [fr] was constructed in the 10th century and rebuilt in 1271. In 1524 the abbey was secularized but the title of abbey retained.

During the religious wars, the "Gaillacois" refused to change their religion and remained Catholics and were chased out of the town by Protestants. They took refuge at Castelnau-de-Montmiral. After the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre on 24 August 1572, in Paris, the Gaillacois massacred 74 out of the 90 Huguenots in the town. The abbey was once again rebuilt between 1572 and 1620. In the seventeenth century the Château de Foucaud [fr] was erected.

It was from the town of Gaillac that Louis-Philippe I addressed the words:

Nous chercherons à nous tenir dans un juste milieu, également éloigné des excès du pouvoir populaire et des abus du pouvoir royal.

Which may be translated: "We seek to keep ourselves in proper state, aloof from both the excesses of popular power and the abuses of royal power." This sentence would define the July Monarchy.

Population

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1968 10,315—    
1975 10,573+0.35%
1982 10,389−0.25%
1990 10,378−0.01%
1999 11,073+0.72%
2007 12,939+1.97%
2012 13,820+1.33%
2017 15,294+2.05%
Source: INSEE[3]

Administration

[edit]

The mayors of the town have been:

  • Henri Yrissou 1956-1977
  • André Saux 1977-1983
  • Jacques Dary 1983-1995
  • Charles Pistre 1995-2005
  • Michèle Rieux 2005–present

Transport

[edit]

Gaillac station has rail connections to Toulouse, Aurillac, Albi and Rodez. Tessonnières station is on the line to Albi.

Sport

[edit]

Notable people

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
  2. ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gaillac.
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