Raet-Tawy: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Ancient Egyptian solar goddess}} |
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{{Infobox deity |
{{Infobox deity |
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| type = Egyptian |
| type = Egyptian |
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| alt = |
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| caption = Ptolemaic statue of Raet discovered at Medamud, on display at the [[Louvre Museum]]. |
| caption = Ptolemaic statue of Raet discovered at Medamud, on display at the [[Louvre Museum]]. |
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| hiero = <hiero>r:a-i-i-t:ra</hiero><br><hiero>ra*t:tA:tA</hiero> |
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| cult_center = Medamud, el Tod, [[Thebes, Egypt|Thebes]] |
| cult_center = Medamud, el Tod, [[Thebes, Egypt|Thebes]] |
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| symbol = |
| symbol = |
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{{Ancient Egyptian religion}} |
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'''Raet''' ( |
'''Raet''' ({{langx|egy|{{huge|𓂋𓂝𓇌𓏏𓇳}}|italics=no|translit=rꜥj.t}}) or '''Raet-Tawy''' ({{langx|egy|{{huge|𓇳𓏏𓇾𓇾}}|italics=no|translit=rꜥj.t-tꜣ.wj}}) is an [[ancient Egypt]]ian [[solar deity]], the female aspect of [[Ra]]. Her name is simply the female form of Ra's name; the longer name ''Raet-Tawy'' means "Raet of the Two Lands" ([[Upper Egypt]] and [[Lower Egypt]]). |
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==Name and origins== |
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==Origins== |
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Mention of Raet occurs as early as the [[Fifth Dynasty of Egypt|Fifth Dynasty]]. As her name is simply the feminine form of Ra, it is evident she did not exist independently of him. It is unclear when the fuller form of her name, Raet-tawy, was first used. She was later referred to as "lady of heaven, mistress of the gods", mirroring Ra's titles.<ref name="W164">Richard Wilkinson: The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. London, Thames and Hudson, 2003. {{ISBN|978-0500051207}} p.164</ref> |
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== |
==Cult== |
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Raet was also considered a wife of [[Montu]], |
Raet was also considered a wife of [[Montu]], and she formed a triad with him and [[Harpocrates]] in [[Medamud]]. Her feast day was in the fourth month of the reaping season.<ref name="W164" /> The centers of her cult were at [[Medamud]], [[El-Tod]], and [[Thebes, Egypt|Thebes]]. A demotic manual from the Roman period with hymns to Raet has survived in fragments.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Kockelmann|first=Holger|title=A Roman Period Demotic Manual of Hymns to Rattawy and other Deities (P. Ashm. 1984.76)|journal=The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology|year=2003|volume=89|pages=217–229 |doi=10.1177/030751330308900112 |s2cid=190524602 }}</ref> She never reached the importance of [[Hathor]], who by then was also considered the wife of Ra (or, in other myths, his daughter).<ref name="W164" /> |
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==Iconography== |
==Iconography== |
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Images of Raet are rare. When she is depicted, she is shown as a woman with cow horns holding a sun disk on her head, similar to the headdress of Hathor. The headdress is adorned with a [[uraeus]], or sometimes with feathers.<ref name="W164" /> |
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==Etymology== |
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As Ra representing "operative creative powers" of speech, Raet stands for the storehouse or written aspect of language.<ref> Wallis Budge: The Gods of the Egyptians. London, Methuen & C., 1904. {{OCoLC|659445773}} p.322</ref> |
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With the Canaanite/[[Phoenician alphabet]] and Etruscan [[Old Italic script]] being almost identical, there is reason to believe Raet has links to Etruscan [[Rhaetia]] and Veneti [[Reitia]], both often translated as ''She who writes''. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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* {{Commons category-inline|Rattawy}} |
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{{Ancient Egyptian religion footer|state=collapsed}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Raet-Tawy}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Raet-Tawy}} |
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Latest revision as of 17:47, 31 October 2024
| Raet / Raet-Tawy | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Ptolemaic statue of Raet discovered at Medamud, on display at the Louvre Museum. | ||||||||
| Name in hieroglyphs |
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| Major cult center | Medamud, el Tod, Thebes | |||||||
| Consort | Montu | |||||||
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Raet (Ancient Egyptian: 𓂋𓂝𓇌𓏏𓇳, romanized: rꜥj.t) or Raet-Tawy (Ancient Egyptian: 𓇳𓏏𓇾𓇾, romanized: rꜥj.t-tꜣ.wj) is an ancient Egyptian solar deity, the female aspect of Ra. Her name is simply the female form of Ra's name; the longer name Raet-Tawy means "Raet of the Two Lands" (Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt).
Name and origins
[edit]Mention of Raet occurs as early as the Fifth Dynasty. As her name is simply the feminine form of Ra, it is evident she did not exist independently of him. It is unclear when the fuller form of her name, Raet-tawy, was first used. She was later referred to as "lady of heaven, mistress of the gods", mirroring Ra's titles.[1]
Cult
[edit]Raet was also considered a wife of Montu, and she formed a triad with him and Harpocrates in Medamud. Her feast day was in the fourth month of the reaping season.[1] The centers of her cult were at Medamud, El-Tod, and Thebes. A demotic manual from the Roman period with hymns to Raet has survived in fragments.[2] She never reached the importance of Hathor, who by then was also considered the wife of Ra (or, in other myths, his daughter).[1]
Iconography
[edit]Images of Raet are rare. When she is depicted, she is shown as a woman with cow horns holding a sun disk on her head, similar to the headdress of Hathor. The headdress is adorned with a uraeus, or sometimes with feathers.[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Richard Wilkinson: The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. London, Thames and Hudson, 2003. ISBN 978-0500051207 p.164
- ^ Kockelmann, Holger (2003). "A Roman Period Demotic Manual of Hymns to Rattawy and other Deities (P. Ashm. 1984.76)". The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 89: 217–229. doi:10.1177/030751330308900112. S2CID 190524602.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Rattawy at Wikimedia Commons
