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The '''Acoma Party''' ({{lang-id|Partai Acoma}}) was a [[communist party]] in [[Indonesia]]. It evolved out of the '''Young Communist Force''' (''Angkatan Comunis Muda'', known by its acronym 'Acoma'). Acoma was converted into Partai Acoma on 8 August 1952.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=QARbAAAAMAAJ Intercontinental press, Volume 5]''</ref> Acoma/Partai Acoma was led by [[Ibnu Parna]].<ref name="trot">Alexander, Robert J. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=_eUtQjseKaIC International Trotskyism, 1929-1985: A Documented Analysis of the Movement]''. Durham: Duke University Press, 1991. p. 534</ref>
The '''Acoma Party''' ({{langx|id|Partai Acoma}}) was a [[communist party]] in [[Indonesia]]. It evolved out of the '''Young Communist Force''' (''Angkatan Comunis Muda'', known by its acronym 'Acoma'). Acoma was converted into Partai Acoma on 8 August 1952.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=QARbAAAAMAAJ Intercontinental press, Volume 5]''</ref> Acoma/Partai Acoma was led by [[Ibnu Parna]].<ref name="trot">Alexander, Robert J. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=_eUtQjseKaIC International Trotskyism, 1929-1985: A Documented Analysis of the Movement]''. Durham: Duke University Press, 1991. p. 534</ref>


Acoma developed as a communist youth group, founded in June 1946, whose cadres had not joined the [[Communist Party of Indonesia]] (PKI). It was largely made up by the remnants of the following of [[Tan Malaka]]. Acoma became part of the pro-Tan Malaka [[Revolutionary People's Movement]] (GRR).<ref>Malaka, Tan, and Helen Jarvis. ''[https://books.google.com/books?lr=&hl=en&id=FzxuAAAAMAAJ From Jail to Jail]''. Monographs in international studies, no. 83. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Center for International Studies, 1991. p. cxliii</ref><ref>Gunn, Geoffrey C. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=55mXS56nMPkC New World Hegemony in the Malay World]''. Lawrenceville, NJ: Red Sea Press, 2000. pp. 48-49</ref>
Acoma developed as a communist youth group, founded in June 1946, whose cadres had not joined the [[Communist Party of Indonesia]] (PKI). It was largely made up by the remnants of the following of [[Tan Malaka]]. Acoma became part of the pro-Tan Malaka [[Revolutionary People's Movement]] (GRR).<ref>Malaka, Tan, and Helen Jarvis. ''[https://books.google.com/books?lr=&hl=en&id=FzxuAAAAMAAJ From Jail to Jail]''. Monographs in international studies, no. 83. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Center for International Studies, 1991. p. cxliii</ref><ref>Gunn, Geoffrey C. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=55mXS56nMPkC New World Hegemony in the Malay World]''. Lawrenceville, NJ: Red Sea Press, 2000. pp. 48-49</ref>
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Partai Acoma constituted a minority faction in SAKTI, the [[Indonesian Peasants Union]]. The party was able to delay for two years the merger of SAKTI into the PKI-led peasants organizations.<ref>Hindley, Donald. ''[https://books.google.com/books?lr=&hl=en&id=QtRaAAAAIAAJ Communist Party of Indonesia, 1951-1963]''. [S.l.]: University of California Press, 1964. p. 165</ref>
Partai Acoma constituted a minority faction in SAKTI, the [[Indonesian Peasants Union]]. The party was able to delay for two years the merger of SAKTI into the PKI-led peasants organizations.<ref>Hindley, Donald. ''[https://books.google.com/books?lr=&hl=en&id=QtRaAAAAIAAJ Communist Party of Indonesia, 1951-1963]''. [S.l.]: University of California Press, 1964. p. 165</ref>


In the [[1955 Indonesian legislative election|1955 parliamentary election]], Partai Acoma got 64,514 votes (0.2% of the national vote). One parliamentarian was elected from the party, Ibnu Parna.<ref name="trot"/><ref>Feith, Herbert. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=VAH0W9uxoqoC The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia]''. An Equinox classic Indonesia book. Jakarta [u.a.]: Equinox, 2007. p. 435</ref> After the election Ibnu Parna joined the [[National Progressive Fraction]], a body of ten MPs from Java.<ref>Feith, Herbert. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=VAH0W9uxoqoC The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia]''. An Equinox classic Indonesia book. Jakarta [u.a.]: Equinox, 2007. p. 472</ref> In the Constituent Assembly, Acoma supported the Social-Economic bloc.<ref>Assyaukanie, Luthfi. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=H8ZEwdcxQX0C Islam and the Secular State in Indonesia]. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2009. p. 93</ref>
In the [[1955 Indonesian legislative election|1955 parliamentary election]], Partai Acoma got 64,514 votes (0.2% of the national vote). One parliamentarian was elected from the party, Ibnu Parna.<ref name="trot"/><ref>Feith, Herbert. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=VAH0W9uxoqoC The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia]''. An Equinox classic Indonesia book. Jakarta [u.a.]: Equinox, 2007. p. 435</ref> After the election Ibnu Parna joined the [[National Progressive Fraction]], a body of ten MPs from Java.<ref>Feith, Herbert. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=VAH0W9uxoqoC The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia]''. An Equinox classic Indonesia book. Jakarta [u.a.]: Equinox, 2007. p. 472</ref> In the Constituent Assembly, Acoma supported the Social-Economic bloc.<ref>Assyaukanie, Luthfi. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=H8ZEwdcxQX0C Islam and the Secular State in Indonesia]''. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2009. p. 93</ref>


In the early 1950s, Partai Acoma began developing contacts with the [[Trotskyist]] [[International Secretariat of the Fourth International]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wsws.org/articles/2009/may2009/ind4-m16.shtml|title = Chapter Four: Pabloite accomplices of counter-revolution}}</ref> In 1956 Ibnu Parna took part in the world congress of the International.<ref name="acoma58"/> In 1959 Partai Acoma was affiliated to the International Secretariat of the Fourth International as its Indonesian section.<ref name="trot"/>
In the early 1950s, Partai Acoma began developing contacts with the [[Trotskyist]] [[International Secretariat of the Fourth International]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wsws.org/articles/2009/may2009/ind4-m16.shtml|title = Chapter Four: Pabloite accomplices of counter-revolution| date=16 May 2009 }}</ref> In 1956 Ibnu Parna took part in the world congress of the International.<ref name="acoma58"/> In 1959 Partai Acoma was affiliated to the International Secretariat of the Fourth International as its Indonesian section.<ref name="trot"/>


In February 1959 Ibnu Parna was arrested for having denounced the rule of General [[Nasution]] in a pamphlet, in spite of having parliamentary immunity.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.marxists.org/history/etol/newspape/isr/vol20/no04/indonesia.html|title=Report on Indonesia (Fall 1959)}}</ref>
In February 1959 Ibnu Parna was arrested for having denounced the rule of General [[Nasution]] in a pamphlet, in spite of having parliamentary immunity.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.marxists.org/history/etol/newspape/isr/vol20/no04/indonesia.html|title=Report on Indonesia (Fall 1959)}}</ref>


The party was banned in 1965.<ref name="acoma58">Gunn, Geoffrey C. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=55mXS56nMPkC New World Hegemony in the Malay World]''. Lawrenceville, NJ: Red Sea Press, 2000. p. 58</ref> The party was targeted by the new [[Suharto]] [[New Order (Indonesia)|regime]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://asia-pacific-solidarity.net/southeastasia/indonesia/reports/links_newstage4progresivemovement_july1994.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=2009-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609121456/http://asia-pacific-solidarity.net/southeastasia/indonesia/reports/links_newstage4progresivemovement_july1994.htm |archive-date=2010-06-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ibnu Parna was killed in the [[Indonesian killings of 1965–66|mass killings of 1965]].<ref name="trot"/>
The party was banned in 1965.<ref name="acoma58">Gunn, Geoffrey C. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=55mXS56nMPkC New World Hegemony in the Malay World]''. Lawrenceville, NJ: Red Sea Press, 2000. p. 58</ref> The party was targeted by the new [[Suharto]] [[New Order (Indonesia)|regime]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://asia-pacific-solidarity.net/southeastasia/indonesia/reports/links_newstage4progresivemovement_july1994.htm |title=Asia Pacific Solidarity Network - Reports & Articles on Indoneisa |access-date=2009-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100609121456/http://asia-pacific-solidarity.net/southeastasia/indonesia/reports/links_newstage4progresivemovement_july1994.htm |archive-date=2010-06-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Ibnu Parna was killed in the [[Indonesian killings of 1965–66|mass killings of 1965]].<ref name="trot"/>


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 19:01, 31 October 2024

Acoma Party
Partai Acoma
LeaderIbnu Parna
Founded8 August 1952 (1952-08-08)
Dissolved1965 (banned)
HeadquartersDjalan Kasin Kulon 26, Malang[1]
IdeologyCommunism
Trotskyism
Political positionLeft-wing to far-left
International affiliationInternational Secretariat of the Fourth International/United Secretariat of the Fourth International (1959-1965)

The Acoma Party (Indonesian: Partai Acoma) was a communist party in Indonesia. It evolved out of the Young Communist Force (Angkatan Comunis Muda, known by its acronym 'Acoma'). Acoma was converted into Partai Acoma on 8 August 1952.[2] Acoma/Partai Acoma was led by Ibnu Parna.[3]

Acoma developed as a communist youth group, founded in June 1946, whose cadres had not joined the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI). It was largely made up by the remnants of the following of Tan Malaka. Acoma became part of the pro-Tan Malaka Revolutionary People's Movement (GRR).[4][5]

Politically, Partai Acoma was close to the Murba Party.[6] However some Acoma militants joined PKI, such as the Acoma leader Sidik Kertapati (who became a Central Committee member of PKI).[7]

Partai Acoma constituted a minority faction in SAKTI, the Indonesian Peasants Union. The party was able to delay for two years the merger of SAKTI into the PKI-led peasants organizations.[8]

In the 1955 parliamentary election, Partai Acoma got 64,514 votes (0.2% of the national vote). One parliamentarian was elected from the party, Ibnu Parna.[3][9] After the election Ibnu Parna joined the National Progressive Fraction, a body of ten MPs from Java.[10] In the Constituent Assembly, Acoma supported the Social-Economic bloc.[11]

In the early 1950s, Partai Acoma began developing contacts with the Trotskyist International Secretariat of the Fourth International.[12] In 1956 Ibnu Parna took part in the world congress of the International.[13] In 1959 Partai Acoma was affiliated to the International Secretariat of the Fourth International as its Indonesian section.[3]

In February 1959 Ibnu Parna was arrested for having denounced the rule of General Nasution in a pamphlet, in spite of having parliamentary immunity.[14]

The party was banned in 1965.[13] The party was targeted by the new Suharto regime.[15] Ibnu Parna was killed in the mass killings of 1965.[3]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Publishers' International Yearbook
  2. ^ Intercontinental press, Volume 5
  3. ^ a b c d Alexander, Robert J. International Trotskyism, 1929-1985: A Documented Analysis of the Movement. Durham: Duke University Press, 1991. p. 534
  4. ^ Malaka, Tan, and Helen Jarvis. From Jail to Jail. Monographs in international studies, no. 83. Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Center for International Studies, 1991. p. cxliii
  5. ^ Gunn, Geoffrey C. New World Hegemony in the Malay World. Lawrenceville, NJ: Red Sea Press, 2000. pp. 48-49
  6. ^ Feith, Herbert. The Indonesian Elections of 1955. Interim Report Series. Ithaca, N.Y.: Modern Indonesia Project, Southeast Asia Program, Dep. of Far Eastern Studies, Cornell Univ, 1957. p. 60
  7. ^ "Indonésie 1914-1966 - Glossaire - PKI".
  8. ^ Hindley, Donald. Communist Party of Indonesia, 1951-1963. [S.l.]: University of California Press, 1964. p. 165
  9. ^ Feith, Herbert. The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia. An Equinox classic Indonesia book. Jakarta [u.a.]: Equinox, 2007. p. 435
  10. ^ Feith, Herbert. The Decline of Constitutional Democracy in Indonesia. An Equinox classic Indonesia book. Jakarta [u.a.]: Equinox, 2007. p. 472
  11. ^ Assyaukanie, Luthfi. Islam and the Secular State in Indonesia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2009. p. 93
  12. ^ "Chapter Four: Pabloite accomplices of counter-revolution". 16 May 2009.
  13. ^ a b Gunn, Geoffrey C. New World Hegemony in the Malay World. Lawrenceville, NJ: Red Sea Press, 2000. p. 58
  14. ^ "Report on Indonesia (Fall 1959)".
  15. ^ "Asia Pacific Solidarity Network - Reports & Articles on Indoneisa". Archived from the original on 2010-06-09. Retrieved 2009-08-17.
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