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Coordinates: 49°34.05′N 05°31.95′E / 49.56750°N 5.53250°E / 49.56750; 5.53250
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{{Infobox Belgium Municipality
{{Infobox Belgium municipality
|name=Virton
|name = Virton
|native_name = ''Viertån'' (Gaumais)
⚫
|picture=Virton JPG02.jpg
|type = city
|picture-legend=The town hall
⚫
|picture = Virton JPG02.jpg
|map=Virton Luxembourg Belgium Map.png
|map-legend=Location of Virton in Luxembourg province
|picture-legend = The town hall
|arms=Blason de Virton.svg
|map = Virton Luxembourg Belgium Map.svg
|map-legend = Location of Virton in Luxembourg province
⚫
|flag=Flag of Virton.svg{{!}}border
|arms = Blason de Virton.svg
|region={{BE-REG-WAL}}
⚫
|flag = Flag of Virton.svg
⚫
|community={{BE-FR}}
|province={{BE-PROV-LX}}
|region = {{BE-REG-WAL}}
⚫
|community = {{BE-FR}}
⚫
|arrondissement=[[Arrondissement of Virton|Virton]]
|province = {{BE-PROV-LX}}
|nis=85045
⚫
|arrondissement = [[Arrondissement of Virton|Virton]]
|nis = 85045
|pyramid-date=
|pyramid-date=
|0-19=
|0-19=
Line 17: Line 19:
|65=
|65=
|foreigners=
|foreigners=
|foreigners-date=
|foreigners-date =
|mayor=Michel Thiry (CDH)
|mayor = François Culot (IC-MR)
|majority = IC-[[Reformist Movement|MR]], [[Ecolo]]+, Ensemble Autrement
|majority=[[Centre Démocrate Humaniste|CDH]], [[Socialist Party (francophone Belgium)|PS]]
|postal-codes=6760-6762
|postal-codes = 6760-6762
|telephone-area=063
|telephone-area = 063
|web={{fr icon}} [http://www.virton.be virton.be]
|web = {{in lang|fr}} [http://www.virton.be virton.be]
|coordinates = {{coord|49|34.05|N|05|31.95|E|region:BE|display=inline,title}}
|lat_deg=49
|lat_min=34.05
|lon_deg=05
|lon_min=31.95
}}
}}


'''Virton''' ({{IPA-fr|viʁ.tɔ̃}}) is the most southerly town in [[Belgium]] and the administrative centre of a [[Wallonia|Walloon]] [[Municipalities in Belgium|municipality]] ({{lang-fr|commune}}) and district (''arrondissement'') of the same name, located in the [[Belgium|Belgian]] [[Provinces of Belgium|province]] of [[Luxembourg (province of Belgium)|Luxembourg]]. Virton is the principal town of the small region of [[Belgian Lorraine]] known as the [[Gaume]], famous for its [[microclimate]].
'''Virton''' ({{IPA|fr|viʁ.tɔ̃|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Manestra-Virton.wav}}; [[Lorrain language|Gaumais]]: ''Viertån''; {{langx|wa|Vierton}}) is a [[City status in Belgium|city]] and [[Municipalities in Belgium|municipality]] of [[Wallonia]] located in the [[Luxembourg (Belgium)|province of Luxembourg]], [[Belgium]]. It is also the administrative centre of the [[Arrondissement of Virton|district (''arrondissement'') of the same name]], as well as the principal town of the small region of [[Belgian Lorraine]] known as the [[Gaume]], famous for its [[microclimate]].


Virton [[municipality]] includes the old [[Municipalities in Belgium|communes]] of [[Belmont, Belgium|Belmont]], [[Bleid]], [[Chenois]], [[Èthe]], [[Gomery, Belgium|Gomery]], Grandcourt, [[Latour, Belgium|Latour]], [[Ruette]], Saint-Mard, and Saint-Remy.
The municipality consists of the following [[deelgemeente|districts]]: [[Bleid]], [[Ethe, Wallonia|Ethe]], [[Latour, Wallonia|Latour]], [[Ruette]], [[Saint-Mard, Belgium|Saint-Mard]], and Virton. Other population centers include: Chenois, Gomery, Grandcourt, and Saint-Remy.


==History==
==History==

===Antiquity and Middle Ages===
===Antiquity and Middle Ages===
{{Quote box |width=23em |align=left |bgcolor=#B0D4DE
|title=Historical affiliations
|fontsize=85% |quote=<poem>{{flagicon image|Armoiries de Chiny.svg}} County of Chiny 1183–1364
{{flagicon image|Civil Ensign of Luxembourg.svg}} [[Duchy of Luxembourg]] 1364–1795, part of:
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Low Countries.svg}} [[Burgundian Netherlands]] 1443–1482
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Low Countries.svg}} [[Habsburg Netherlands]] 1482–1556
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Low Countries.svg}} [[Spanish Netherlands]] 1556–1714
{{flagicon image|Austrian Low Countries Flag.svg}} [[Austrian Netherlands]] 1714–1794
{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794-1815).svg}} [[French First Republic|French Republic]] 1795–1804
{{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794-1815).svg}} [[First French Empire|French Empire]] 1804–1815
{{flagicon image|Civil Ensign of Luxembourg.svg}} [[Grand Duchy of Luxembourg]] 1815–1839
{{flag|Kingdom of Belgium}} 1839–present</poem>
}}
Several archeological finds indicate that the area was already inhabited before the [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] built villas there and named the town ''Vertunum''. In the early 5th century, the Romans had to flee the [[Germanic peoples|Germanic]] invasions. Their settlement was destroyed and rebuilt by the [[Franks]] somewhat north of its original site.
Several archeological finds indicate that the area was already inhabited before the [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] built villas there and named the town ''Vertunum''. In the early 5th century, the Romans had to flee the [[Germanic peoples|Germanic]] invasions. Their settlement was destroyed and rebuilt by the [[Franks]] somewhat north of its original site.


[[Image:Virton JPG01.jpg|thumb|left|St Lawrence's church, Virton]]Virton was mentioned for the first time in [[Pope Lucius III]]’s [[papal bull|bull]] of 1183 as a [[fiefdom]] of the House of [[Chiny]]. As overlords of Virton, the Counts of Chiny could levy taxes (the ''tonlieu'') on the various goods sold at the local market, which is attested as early as 1270. In 1441, the [[Duchy of Luxembourg]] was sold to [[Philip III, Duke of Burgundy|Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy]]. From that date, Virton, like many other [[Wallonia|Walloon]] cities, became embroiled in more than two centuries of wars between [[France]], [[Spain]], and the [[Netherlands]], with all the fighting, famine, epidemics (including plague), and economic disasters that ensued. The city fared better under the rule of [[Maria Theresa of Austria]] in the 18th century, thanks in part to the development of [[Lorraine (région)|Lorraine]]'s steel industry.
Virton was mentioned for the first time in [[Pope Lucius III]]'s [[papal bull|bull]] of 1183 as a [[fiefdom]] of the House of [[Chiny]]. As overlords of Virton, the Counts of Chiny could levy taxes (the ''[[tonlieu]]'') on the various goods sold at the local market, which is attested as early as 1270. In 1441, the [[Duchy of Luxembourg]] was sold to [[Philip III, Duke of Burgundy|Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy]]. From that date, Virton, like many other [[Wallonia|Walloon]] cities, became embroiled in more than two centuries of wars between [[France]], [[Spain]], and the [[Netherlands]], with all the fighting, famine, epidemics (including plague), and economic disasters that ensued. The city fared better under the rule of [[Maria Theresa of Austria]] in the 18th century, thanks in part to the development of [[Lorraine (région)|Lorraine]]'s steel industry.


===Modern times===
===Modern times===
Line 44: Line 55:


The town became an icon in [[Israel]]i sports history after [[Maccabi Tel Aviv (basketball)|Maccabi Tel Aviv]] defeated [[PBC CSKA Moscow|CSKA Moscow]] 91:79 in a [[Euroleague Basketball|European Basketball Champions' Cup]] game on 17 February 1977, in the town's sports arena. CSKA hosted the game in Virton due to lack of diplomatic relations between the [[USSR]] and [[Israel]] at the time. The victory is widely considered as pivotal in Maccabi's history, thus making the town's name widely known among Israeli sports fans.
The town became an icon in [[Israel]]i sports history after [[Maccabi Tel Aviv (basketball)|Maccabi Tel Aviv]] defeated [[PBC CSKA Moscow|CSKA Moscow]] 91:79 in a [[Euroleague Basketball|European Basketball Champions' Cup]] game on 17 February 1977, in the town's sports arena. CSKA hosted the game in Virton due to lack of diplomatic relations between the [[USSR]] and [[Israel]] at the time. The victory is widely considered as pivotal in Maccabi's history, thus making the town's name widely known among Israeli sports fans.

⚫
==Sights==
⚫
*The small hilly streets and colourful houses.
⚫
*The church of St Lawrence, built between 1825 and 1830 with a classical [[façade]].
⚫
*Remnants of the medieval defensive wall.
*[http://www.museesgaumais.be Les Musées gaumais]


==Climate==
==Climate==
Line 107: Line 112:
| url = http://www.worldweather.org/053/c00947.htm
| url = http://www.worldweather.org/053/c00947.htm
| title = World Weather Information Service – Virton
| title = World Weather Information Service – Virton
| accessdate = 19 January 2011
| publisher = United Nations
| publisher = United Nations }}</ref>
| access-date = 19 January 2011}}</ref>
|date=January 2011
}}
}}

⚫
==Sights==
[[Image:Virton JPG01.jpg|thumb|St Lawrence's church]]
{{See also|List of protected heritage sites in Virton}}
⚫
*The small hilly streets and colourful houses.
⚫
*The church of St Lawrence, built between 1825 and 1830 with a classical [[façade]].
⚫
*Remnants of the medieval defensive wall.
*Les Musées gaumais<ref>[http://www.museesgaumais.be www.museesgaumais.be]</ref>


==Folklore==
==Folklore==
*The city’s mascot is ''D’Jean d’Mady'', a typical, joyful, and resourceful [[Gaume]] inhabitant who was allegedly born in one of the neighbouring villages in 1585.
*The city's mascot is ''D'Jean d'Mady'', a typical, joyful, and resourceful [[Gaume]] inhabitant who was allegedly born in one of the neighbouring villages in 1585.
*Since 1935, Virton owns two traditional giants who take part in the local festivities.
*Since 1935, Virton has owned two traditional giants who take part in the local festivities.

⚫
==Canadian friendship==
⚫
Virton, [[Florenville]], and many other neighbouring villages were the homes of many [[Canadians|Canadian]] families whose fathers/husbands were stationed nearby at [[RCAF]] Station No. 1 (F) Wing, in [[Marville, Meuse|Marville]], [[France]]. Prior to moving the base to [[Lahr]], [[Germany]], there were ceremonies in these towns and in [[Longuyon]], [[France]] (Permanent Married Quarters), where the Canadians left three small 'thunderbird' [[totem pole]]s. These totems are still there and were rededicated in September 2005 on the 50th anniversary of the opening of the base.


==People born in Virton==
==People born in Virton==
*[[Maximilian Anton Karl, Count Baillet de Latour]] (1737–1806), [[Habsburg Monarchy|Austrian]] military
*[[Ludwig Anton, Count Baillet de Latour]] (1753–1836), Austrian general, younger brother of Maximilian
*[[Maximilian Anton Karl, Count Baillet de Latour]] (1737–1806), [[Habsburg monarchy|Austrian]] general
*[[Benoît Mariage]], film director (born 1961)
*[[Benoît Mariage]], film director (born 1961)

⚫
==Canadian friendship==
⚫
Virton, [[Florenville]], and many other neighbouring villages were the homes of many [[Canada|Canadian]] families whose fathers/husbands were stationed nearby at [[RCAF]] Station No. 1 (F) Wing, in [[Marville, Meuse|Marville]], [[France]]. Prior to moving the base to [[Lahr]], [[Germany]], there were ceremonies in these towns and in [[Longuyon]], [[France]] (Permanent Married Quarters), where the Canadians left three small 'thunderbird' [[totem pole]]s. These totems are still there and were rededicated in September 2005 on the 50th anniversary of the opening of the base.


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==References==
==References==
Line 130: Line 143:


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{Commons category}}
*{{Official website|http://www.virton.be}}
*{{Official website|http://www.virton.be}}
*[http://soleildegaume.com Official [[Gaume]] site] (in [[French language|French]], [[Dutch language|Dutch]], [[German language|German]], and [[English language|English]])
*[http://soleildegaume.com Official Gaume site] (in [[French language|French]], [[Dutch language|Dutch]], [[German language|German]], and [[English language|English]])
*[http://gaumetourisme.be Alternative [[Gaume]] site] (in [[French language|French]] and [[Dutch language|Dutch]])
*[http://gaumetourisme.be Alternative Gaume site] (in [[French language|French]] and [[Dutch language|Dutch]])


{{Geographic location
|Centre = Virton
|N = [[Étalle, Belgium|Étalle]]
|E = [[Saint-Léger, Belgium|Saint-Léger]]<br/>[[Musson]]<br/>[[Ville-Houdlémont]] ([[France|FR]]-[[Meurthe-et-Moselle|54]])<br/>[[Saint-Pancré]] ([[France|FR]]-[[Meurthe-et-Moselle|54]])
|SE = [[Tellancourt]] ([[France|FR]]-[[Meurthe-et-Moselle|54]])
|S = [[Allondrelle-la-Malmaison]] ([[France|FR]]-[[Meurthe-et-Moselle|54]]), [[Longuyon]] ([[France|FR]]-[[Meurthe-et-Moselle|54]])
|W = [[Meix-devant-Virton]]<br/>[[Rouvroy, Belgium|Rouvroy]]
|NW = [[Tintigny]]
}}
{{Municipalities in Luxembourg}}
{{Municipalities in Luxembourg}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Populated places in Belgium]]
[[Category:Virton| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Wallonia]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Luxembourg (Belgium)]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Luxembourg (Belgium)]]

Latest revision as of 00:17, 10 November 2024

Virton
Viertån (Gaumais)
City and municipality
The town hall
The town hall
Flag of Virton
Flag
Coat of arms of Virton
Coat of arms
Location of Virton
Map
Virton is located in Belgium
Virton
Virton
Location in Belgium
Location of Virton in Luxembourg province
Coordinates: 49°34.05′N 05°31.95′E / 49.56750°N 5.53250°E / 49.56750; 5.53250
Country Belgium
CommunityFrench Community
RegionWallonia
ProvinceLuxembourg
ArrondissementVirton
Government
 • MayorFrançois Culot (IC-MR)
 • Governing party/iesIC-MR, Ecolo+, Ensemble Autrement
Area
 • Total95.63 km2 (36.92 sq mi)
Population
 (2018-01-01)[1]
 • Total11,323
 • Density120/km2 (310/sq mi)
Postal codes
6760-6762
NIS code
85045
Area codes063
Website(in French) virton.be

Virton (French pronunciation: [viʁ.tɔ̃] ⓘ; Gaumais: Viertån; Walloon: Vierton) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Luxembourg, Belgium. It is also the administrative centre of the district (arrondissement) of the same name, as well as the principal town of the small region of Belgian Lorraine known as the Gaume, famous for its microclimate.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Bleid, Ethe, Latour, Ruette, Saint-Mard, and Virton. Other population centers include: Chenois, Gomery, Grandcourt, and Saint-Remy.

History

[edit]

Antiquity and Middle Ages

[edit]
Historical affiliations

County of Chiny 1183–1364
Duchy of Luxembourg 1364–1795, part of:
    Burgundian Netherlands 1443–1482
    Habsburg Netherlands 1482–1556
    Spanish Netherlands 1556–1714
    Austrian Netherlands 1714–1794
French Republic 1795–1804
French Empire 1804–1815
Grand Duchy of Luxembourg 1815–1839
 Kingdom of Belgium 1839–present

Several archeological finds indicate that the area was already inhabited before the Romans built villas there and named the town Vertunum. In the early 5th century, the Romans had to flee the Germanic invasions. Their settlement was destroyed and rebuilt by the Franks somewhat north of its original site.

Virton was mentioned for the first time in Pope Lucius III's bull of 1183 as a fiefdom of the House of Chiny. As overlords of Virton, the Counts of Chiny could levy taxes (the tonlieu) on the various goods sold at the local market, which is attested as early as 1270. In 1441, the Duchy of Luxembourg was sold to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy. From that date, Virton, like many other Walloon cities, became embroiled in more than two centuries of wars between France, Spain, and the Netherlands, with all the fighting, famine, epidemics (including plague), and economic disasters that ensued. The city fared better under the rule of Maria Theresa of Austria in the 18th century, thanks in part to the development of Lorraine's steel industry.

Modern times

[edit]

The French Revolution shattered those advances.[citation needed] Virton had to wait until the departure of Napoleon in 1815 to see prosperous times again. Virton enthusiastically participated in the Belgian Revolution and even in the French Revolution of 1848. On August 22, 1914, at the onset of World War I, hundreds of inhabitants were summarily executed by the invading German army, while mass deportations occurred during World War II. Virton is now the centre of commerce and tourism for the Gaume region.

The town became an icon in Israeli sports history after Maccabi Tel Aviv defeated CSKA Moscow 91:79 in a European Basketball Champions' Cup game on 17 February 1977, in the town's sports arena. CSKA hosted the game in Virton due to lack of diplomatic relations between the USSR and Israel at the time. The victory is widely considered as pivotal in Maccabi's history, thus making the town's name widely known among Israeli sports fans.

Climate

[edit]
Climate data for Virton
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 4.4
(39.9) 		6.0
(42.8) 		10.0
(50.0) 		13.5
(56.3) 		18.2
(64.8) 		21.0
(69.8) 		23.4
(74.1) 		23.3
(73.9) 		19.1
(66.4) 		13.9
(57.0) 		7.9
(46.2) 		5.3
(41.5) 		13.8
(56.9)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −0.8
(30.6) 		−1.2
(29.8) 		0.9
(33.6) 		2.5
(36.5) 		6.8
(44.2) 		9.9
(49.8) 		11.7
(53.1) 		11.2
(52.2) 		8.2
(46.8) 		5.4
(41.7) 		1.9
(35.4) 		0.3
(32.5) 		4.7
(40.5)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 101.0
(3.98) 		78.9
(3.11) 		86.7
(3.41) 		61.9
(2.44) 		78.8
(3.10) 		78.1
(3.07) 		76.7
(3.02) 		63.9
(2.52) 		78.2
(3.08) 		92.8
(3.65) 		95.1
(3.74) 		118.8
(4.68) 		1,010.9
(39.8)
Average precipitation days 14 11 13 10 12 11 10 9 10 12 13 15 140
Source: World Meteorological Organisation (UN)[2]

Sights

[edit]
St Lawrence's church
See also: List of protected heritage sites in Virton
  • The small hilly streets and colourful houses.
  • The church of St Lawrence, built between 1825 and 1830 with a classical façade.
  • Remnants of the medieval defensive wall.
  • Les Musées gaumais[3]

Folklore

[edit]
  • The city's mascot is D'Jean d'Mady, a typical, joyful, and resourceful Gaume inhabitant who was allegedly born in one of the neighbouring villages in 1585.
  • Since 1935, Virton has owned two traditional giants who take part in the local festivities.

Canadian friendship

[edit]

Virton, Florenville, and many other neighbouring villages were the homes of many Canadian families whose fathers/husbands were stationed nearby at RCAF Station No. 1 (F) Wing, in Marville, France. Prior to moving the base to Lahr, Germany, there were ceremonies in these towns and in Longuyon, France (Permanent Married Quarters), where the Canadians left three small 'thunderbird' totem poles. These totems are still there and were rededicated in September 2005 on the 50th anniversary of the opening of the base.

People born in Virton

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "Wettelijke Bevolking per gemeente op 1 januari 2018". Statbel. Retrieved 9 March 2019.
  2. ^ "World Weather Information Service – Virton". United Nations. Retrieved 19 January 2011.
  3. ^ www.museesgaumais.be

References

[edit]
  • Lambert G., Michel J., Petit A., and Vaulet P., "Histoire de Virton : des origines à l'an 2000" Ed. des musées gaumais, asbl Virton – 1998, cited in fr:Virton
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Virton.
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