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Coordinates: 33°55′S 137°37′E / 33.917°S 137.617°E / -33.917; 137.617
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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}

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{{Infobox ecoregion
[[File:IBRA 6.1 Eyre Yorke Block.png|thumb|right|The IBRA regions, with Eyre Yorke Block in red]]
| name = Eyre Yorke Block<br><small>Eyre and Yorke mallee</small>
⚫
The '''Eyre Yorke Block ''' is an [[Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia|interim Australian]] [[bioregion]] and a [[World Wildlife Fund]] [[ecoregion]] covering the [[Eyre Peninsula|Eyre]] and [[Yorke Peninsula]]s around the [[Spencer Gulf]] on the coast of [[South Australia]].<ref name="IBRA 5.1">{{cite paper | author = [[Environment Australia]] | title = Revision of the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA) and Development of Version 5.1 - Summary Report | publisher = [[Department of the Environment and Water Resources]], [[Government of Australia|Australian Government]] | url = http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/nrs/ibra/version5-1/summary-report/index.html | accessdate = 2007-01-31 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20060905215218/http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/nrs/ibra/version5-1/summary-report/index.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate = 2006-09-05}}</ref><ref name="IBRA 6.1">[http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/nrs/ibra/version6-1/index.html IBRA Version 6.1] data</ref><ref>{{WWF ecoregion|name=Eyre and York mallee|id=aa1203|accessdate=24 July 2012}}</ref>
| image = WEST CAPE LIGHT HOUSE1.jpg
| image_size =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Kangaroos at [[Innes National Park]] on the [[Yorke Peninsula]]
| map = IBRA 6.1 Eyre Yorke Block.png
| map_size =
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Map of the Eyre Yorke Block, a.k.a. Eyre and Yorke mallee
| biogeographic_realm = [[Australasian realm|Australasian]]
⚫
| biome = [[Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub]]
| border1 = [[Great Victoria Desert]]
| border2 = [[Mount Lofty woodlands]]
| border3 = [[Nullarbor Plains xeric shrublands]]
| border4 = [[Tirari-Sturt stony desert]]
⚫
| border5 = [[Temperate Grassland of South Australia]]
| area = 60,195
| country = [[Australia]]
| state1 = [[South Australia]]
| state2 =
| region_type =
| bird_species =
| mammal_species =
| habitat_loss =
| habitat_loss_ref =
| coordinates = {{coord|33|55|S|137|37|E|display=inline,title}}
| conservation = Critical/endangered
|protected = 8,816 km<sup>2</sup> (15
|protected_ref = )<ref name=Ecoreg>{{cite journal | first1=Eric | last1=Dinerstein | first2=David | last2=Olson | display-authors=etal | year=2017 | title=An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm | journal=BioScience | volume=67 | issue=6 | date=June 2017 | pages=534–545 | doi=10.1093/biosci/bix014| pmid=28608869 | pmc=5451287 | doi-access=free }} Supplemental material 2 table S1b.</ref>
|embedded =
}}

⚫
The '''Eyre Yorke Block''', also known as the '''Eyre and Yorke mallee''', is an [[Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia|interim Australian]] (IBRA) [[bioregion]] and a [[World Wildlife Fund]] [[ecoregion]] covering part of the [[Eyre Peninsula]] and all of [[Yorke Peninsula]] as well as land to its immediate east in [[South Australia]].<ref name="IBRA 5.1">{{cite web|author=[[Environment Australia]] |title=Revision of the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA) and Development of Version 5.1 - Summary Report |publisher=[[Department of the Environment and Water Resources]], [[Government of Australia|Australian Government]] |url=http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/nrs/ibra/version5-1/summary-report/index.html |access-date=2007-01-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060905215218/http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/nrs/ibra/version5-1/summary-report/index.html |archive-date=2006-09-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="IBRA 6.1">[http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/nrs/ibra/version6-1/index.html IBRA Version 6.1] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060908221444/http://www.deh.gov.au/parks/nrs/ibra/version6-1/index.html |date=September 8, 2006 }} data</ref><ref>{{WWF ecoregion|name=Eyre and York mallee|id=aa1203}}</ref>
<ref name='ecomap'>{{cite web|title=Map of Ecoregions 2017|url=https://ecoregions2017.appspot.com/|publisher=Resolve|language=en|access-date=August 20, 2021}}</ref>
<ref name='dopa'>{{cite web|title=Eyre and York mallee|url=https://dopa-explorer.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ecoregion/11203|publisher=Digital Observatory for Protected Areas|language=en|access-date=12 May 2022}}</ref>
<ref name= 'eoe'>{{cite web|title=Eyre and York mallee|url=https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/wiki/Eyre_and_York_mallee|publisher=The Encyclopedia of Earth|language=en|access-date=August 20, 2021}}</ref>


==Location and description==
==Location and description==
These peninsulas consist of hilly country originally covered in [[eucalyptus]] woodland. However this is good soil for farming and the woodland has mostly been cleared for agriculture now. This coast has a [[temperate climate]] with a wet winter (300mm to 600mm of rainfall per year).
These peninsulas consist of hilly country originally covered in [[eucalyptus]] woodland. However this is good soil for farming and the woodland has mostly been cleared for agriculture now. This coast has a [[temperate climate]] with a wet winter (300mm to 600mm of rainfall per year).

===Subregions===
The IBRA identifies five subregions of the bioregion:
* [[Southern Yorke]] – {{convert|438470|ha}}
* [[St Vincent (biogeographic subregion)|St Vincent]] – {{convert|1093789|ha}}
* [[Eyre Hills]] – {{convert|1172576|ha}}
* [[Talia (biogeographic subregion)|Talia]] – {{convert|1096175|ha}}
* [[Eyre Mallee]] – {{convert|2319398|ha}}


==Flora==
==Flora==
The original vegetation of these low hills was woodland of short trees with a shrubby undergrowth. The original woodland consisted mainly of a tea tree ''[[Melaleuca lanceolata]]'' and [[mallee box]] ''(Eucalyptus porosa)'', a [[mallee (habit)|mallee]] eucalyptus. The flora of the two peninsulas does differ with that of the Eyre Peninsula having similarities with areas further west as well as number of endemic species, while the Yorke Peninsula has plants typical of areas to the east.
The original vegetation of these low hills was woodland of short trees with a shrubby undergrowth. The original woodland consisted mainly of a tea tree ''[[Melaleuca lanceolata]]'' and [[mallee box]] ''(Eucalyptus porosa)'', a [[mallee (habit)|mallee]] eucalyptus. The flora of the two peninsulas does differ, with the Eyre Peninsula flora having similarities with areas further west as well as number of endemic species, while the Yorke Peninsula has plants typical of areas to the east.


==Fauna==
==Fauna==
Mammals of the region include the [[Eastern Grey Kangaroo]] and the [[Southern Hairy-nosed Wombat]], although many more (such as the [[Tammar Wallaby]] have become extinct on the two peninsulas since they have been cleared for farmland. Birds include the [[emu]].
Mammals of the region include the [[western grey kangaroo]] and the [[southern hairy-nosed wombat]], although many more (such as the [[tammar wallaby]] have become extinct on the two peninsulas since they have been cleared for farmland. Birds include the [[emu]].


==Threats and preservation==
==Threats and preservation==
This is a heavily populated region and most of the area has been cleared for farmland resulting in reduced populations and local extinction of much wildlife, especially on Yorke Peninsula. However clearance has mostly ceased now and the northern areas of Eyre Peninsula in particular still have large areas of mallee woodland while the coastal dunes remain mostly unspoilt also. Weeds, fertiliser and herbicide runoff are still threatening habitats. Protected areas include [[Innes National Park]] on Yorke Peninsula.
Most of the area has been cleared for farmland resulting in reduced populations and local extinction of much wildlife, especially on Yorke Peninsula. However clearance has mostly ceased now and the northern areas of Eyre Peninsula in particular still have large areas of mallee woodland while the coastal dunes remain mostly unspoilt also. Weeds, fertiliser and herbicide runoff are still threatening habitats. Protected areas include [[Innes National Park]] on Yorke Peninsula.


==Protected areas==
15.24% of the ecoregion is in protected areas. They include:<ref name = dopa/>
{{columns-list|colwidth=20em|
* [[Adelaide International Bird Sanctuary National Park—Winaityinaityi Pangkara]]
* [[Buckleboo Conservation Reserve]]
* [[Coffin Bay National Park]]
* [[Cortlinye Conservation Reserve]]
* [[Cunyarie Conservation Reserve]]
* [[Gawler Ranges National Park]]
* [[Hambidge Wilderness Protection Area]]
* [[Hincks Wilderness Protection Area]]
* [[Innes National Park]]
* [[Lacroma Conservation Reserve]]
* [[Lincoln National Park]]
* [[Memory Cove Wilderness Protection Area]]
* [[Moongi Conservation Reserve]]
* [[Mootra Conservation Reserve]]
* [[Mount Remarkable National Park]]
* [[Pinkawillinie Reservoir Conservation Reserve]]
* [[Poolgarra Conservation Reserve]]
* [[Tola Conservation Reserve]]
* [[Wardang Island Indigenous Protected Area]]
* [[Yalata Indigenous Protected Area]]
}}
==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
* Thackway, R and I D Cresswell (1995) ''An interim biogeographic regionalisation for Australia : a framework for setting priorities in the National Reserves System Cooperative Program'' Version 4.0 Canberra : Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Reserve Systems Unit, 1995. ISBN 0-642-21371-2
* Thackway, R and I D Cresswell (1995) ''An interim biogeographic regionalisation for Australia : a framework for setting priorities in the National Reserves System Cooperative Program'' Version 4.0 Canberra : Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Reserve Systems Unit, 1995. {{ISBN|0-642-21371-2}}


==External links==
⚫
[[Category:Biogeography of South Australia]]
*{{commons-inline||Eyre Yorke Block}}
⚫
[[Category:IBRA regions]]
⚫
[[Category:Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub]]


{{Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA)}}
{{Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA)|state=collapsed}}
{{South Australia}}
{{SouthAustralia-geo-stub}}

[[Category:Eyre Yorke Block| ]]
⚫
[[Category:IBRA regions]]
[[Category:Mallee Woodlands and Shrublands]]
[[Category:Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub in Australia]]
[[Category:Ecoregions of South Australia]]

Latest revision as of 14:13, 16 November 2024

Eyre Yorke Block
Eyre and Yorke mallee
Kangaroos at Innes National Park on the Yorke Peninsula
Map of the Eyre Yorke Block, a.k.a. Eyre and Yorke mallee
Ecology
RealmAustralasian
BiomeMediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub
Borders
List
Geography
Area60,195 km2 (23,241 sq mi)
CountryAustralia
StatesSouth Australia
Coordinates33°55′S 137°37′E / 33.917°S 137.617°E / -33.917; 137.617
Conservation
Conservation statusCritical/endangered
Protected8,816 km2 (15%)[1]

The Eyre Yorke Block, also known as the Eyre and Yorke mallee, is an interim Australian (IBRA) bioregion and a World Wildlife Fund ecoregion covering part of the Eyre Peninsula and all of Yorke Peninsula as well as land to its immediate east in South Australia.[2][3][4] [5] [6] [7]

Location and description

[edit]

These peninsulas consist of hilly country originally covered in eucalyptus woodland. However this is good soil for farming and the woodland has mostly been cleared for agriculture now. This coast has a temperate climate with a wet winter (300mm to 600mm of rainfall per year).

Subregions

[edit]

The IBRA identifies five subregions of the bioregion:

  • Southern Yorke – 438,470 hectares (1,083,500 acres)
  • St Vincent – 1,093,789 hectares (2,702,810 acres)
  • Eyre Hills – 1,172,576 hectares (2,897,500 acres)
  • Talia – 1,096,175 hectares (2,708,710 acres)
  • Eyre Mallee – 2,319,398 hectares (5,731,360 acres)

Flora

[edit]

The original vegetation of these low hills was woodland of short trees with a shrubby undergrowth. The original woodland consisted mainly of a tea tree Melaleuca lanceolata and mallee box (Eucalyptus porosa), a mallee eucalyptus. The flora of the two peninsulas does differ, with the Eyre Peninsula flora having similarities with areas further west as well as number of endemic species, while the Yorke Peninsula has plants typical of areas to the east.

Fauna

[edit]

Mammals of the region include the western grey kangaroo and the southern hairy-nosed wombat, although many more (such as the tammar wallaby have become extinct on the two peninsulas since they have been cleared for farmland. Birds include the emu.

Threats and preservation

[edit]

Most of the area has been cleared for farmland resulting in reduced populations and local extinction of much wildlife, especially on Yorke Peninsula. However clearance has mostly ceased now and the northern areas of Eyre Peninsula in particular still have large areas of mallee woodland while the coastal dunes remain mostly unspoilt also. Weeds, fertiliser and herbicide runoff are still threatening habitats. Protected areas include Innes National Park on Yorke Peninsula.

Protected areas

[edit]

15.24% of the ecoregion is in protected areas. They include:[6]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Dinerstein, Eric; Olson, David; et al. (June 2017). "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm". BioScience. 67 (6): 534–545. doi:10.1093/biosci/bix014. PMC 5451287. PMID 28608869.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) Supplemental material 2 table S1b.
  2. ^ Environment Australia. "Revision of the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA) and Development of Version 5.1 - Summary Report". Department of the Environment and Water Resources, Australian Government. Archived from the original on 5 September 2006. Retrieved 31 January 2007.
  3. ^ IBRA Version 6.1 Archived September 8, 2006, at the Wayback Machine data
  4. ^ "Eyre and York mallee". Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund.
  5. ^ "Map of Ecoregions 2017". Resolve. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
  6. ^ a b "Eyre and York mallee". Digital Observatory for Protected Areas. Retrieved 12 May 2022.
  7. ^ "Eyre and York mallee". The Encyclopedia of Earth. Retrieved 20 August 2021.

Further reading

[edit]
  • Thackway, R and I D Cresswell (1995) An interim biogeographic regionalisation for Australia : a framework for setting priorities in the National Reserves System Cooperative Program Version 4.0 Canberra : Australian Nature Conservation Agency, Reserve Systems Unit, 1995. ISBN 0-642-21371-2
[edit]
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