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Coordinates: 45°00′20″N 8°46′10″E / 45.00556°N 8.76944°E / 45.00556; 8.76944
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{{short description|Italian river}}
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{{for|the computer game|Tanarus (computer game)}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Tanaro
| native_name ={{native name|pms|Tane}}
| image = Fiume Tanaro al tramonto.jpg
| image_caption = Near [[Alessandria]]
| map = LocationTanaroRiver.png
| map_caption =
| source1_location = [[Ligurian Alps]], on the slopes of [[Monte Saccarello]]
| source1_elevation =
| mouth_location = [[Po (river)|Po]] near [[Bassignana]] ([[Province of Alessandria|AL]])
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|45|00|20|N|8|46|10|E|region:IT_type:waterbody_source:kolossus-dewiki|display=it}}
| progression = {{RPo}}
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = [[Italy]]
| length = {{convert|276|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| discharge1_avg = {{convert|123|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}
| basin_size = {{convert|8234|km2|mi2|abbr=on}}
| tributaries_left = [[Ellero]], [[Stura di Demonte]], [[Borbore]], [[Versa (Tanaro)|Versa]]
| tributaries_right = [[Belbo]], [[Bormida (river)|Bormida]]
}}
The '''Tanaro''' ({{IPA|it|ˈtaːnaro}}; {{langx|pms|Tane}} {{IPA-pms|ˈtɑne|}}; {{Langx|lij|Tànau}} {{IPA-lij|ˈtana(ɹ)u|}}; {{langx|la|Tanarus}}) is a {{convert|276|km|mi|adj=on}} long [[river]] in northwestern [[Italy]]. The river begins in the [[Ligurian Alps]], near the border with [[France]], and is the most significant right-side tributary to the [[Po River|Po]] in terms of length, size of [[drainage basin]] (partly [[Alps|Alpine]], partly [[Apennine Mountains|Apennine]]), and [[Discharge (hydrology)|discharge]].

== Geography ==

===Sources===
The Tanaro rises at the border between [[Piedmont]] and [[Liguria]] at the confluence of two smaller streams: the [[Tanarello]] and the [[Negrone]].

The main source of the Tanarello is on the slopes of [[Monte Saccarello]] above Monesi, a village belonging to the commune of [[Triora]]. This mountain straddles the [[France|French]] [[département]] of [[Alpes-Maritimes]], the Piedmontese [[province of Cuneo]] and the Ligurian [[province of Imperia]] and marks the juncture of the [[drainage divide|watershed]]s between three [[drainage basin]]s: Tanaro itself; [[Roya (river)|Roya]] ({{langx|it|Roia}}), which rises in France but enters the sea at [[Ventimiglia, Italy|Ventimiglia]]; and [[Argentina (river)|Argentina]], which flows into the [[Ligurian Sea]] at [[Taggia]].

The sources of the Negrone are not far from [[Punta Marguareis]] and very close to the French border.

===Course===
The Tanaro flows through the towns of [[Ormea]], Garessio, [[Ceva]], [[Alba (CN)|Alba]], [[Asti]], and [[Alessandria]] before flowing into [[Po river]] near [[Bassignana]] in the [[Province of Alessandria]]. At its confluence with Po, the Tanaro is about 50&nbsp;km longer than the upper Po,<ref>{{cite web|title=Tanaro Po, Italy|publisher=acquabuona.it|year=2009|url=http://www.acquabuona.it/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/tanaria14.png|access-date=6 April 2009}}</ref> a case similar to the famous [[Missouri River|Missouri]] tributary being longer than [[Mississippi River|Mississippi]] in the United States.

===Tributaries===
The main tributaries to the Tanaro are the [[Stura di Demonte]], the [[Pesio]], the [[Ellero]] and the [[Borbore]] from the left and the [[Bormida (river)|Bormida]] and the [[Belbo]] from the right.

==Regime==
The flow is subject to a great seasonal variation. Although the river has an Alpine origin, which is unique among the Po’s right-side tributaries, the Ligurian Alps are of an insufficient elevation and too close to the sea to allow for the formation of [[snow field]]s or [[glaciers]] large enough to provide a steady source of water during the summer. Furthermore, the Alpine zone forms only a part of the basin drained by the Tanaro. The seasonal regime of the river is therefore more typical of an Apennine [[Stream#Intermittent and ephemeral streams|stream]], with a maximum discharge that can reach {{convert|1700|m3/s|cuft/s}}, <!--need to check whether this refers to Nov 5 1994, or happens most years--> in spring and autumn and a very low rate of flow in the summer.

==Flood events==
[[File:SWScan00028.tif|thumb|1994 floods in [[Asti]]]]
The river is highly prone to flooding. During the two-hundred-year period between 1801 and 2001, sections of the Tanaro basin were affected by floods on 136 occasions. The most devastating floods were in November 1994, November 2016, October 2020, when the whole valley was affected by severe flooding.

==History==
The left bank of the Tanaro River near Asti is the scene of the [[Battle of Pollentia]] on April 6, 402.

==References==
* The article draws on material from related articles in the [[:it:tanaro|Italian]], [[:fr:tanaro|French]] and [[:de:tanaro|German]] Wikipedias, as retrieved 14 June 2006
* {{in lang|it}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20060720195221/http://www.vallidicuneo.net/saccarello_e_tanaro.htm SUL MONTE SACCARELLO :: Una camminata alla scoperta delle sorgenti del Tanaro]
*{{cite book | last=Luino | first=F. | editor=V.R.Thorndycraft |editor2=G. Benito |editor3=M. Barriendos |editor4=M.C. Llasat | title= Palaeofloods, Historical Floods and Climatic Variability: Applications in Flood Risk Assessment | year=2003 | access-date=2006-06-18 | chapter= Chapter 49: Flooding Vulnerability of a Town in the Tanaro Basin: The Case of Ceva (Piedmont - Northwest Italy) | chapter-url=http://www.ccma.csic.es/dpts/suelos/hidro/images/chapter_49_phefra.pdf }}
* Luino F. (1999): “The flood and landslide event of November 4–6, 1994 in Piedmont Region (North-West Italy): causes and related effects in Tanaro Valley”. XXII General Assembly dell’European Geophysical Society, Vienna (Austria). 21–25 April 1997. Ed. Elsevier Science Ltd, Vol. 24, N. 2, p.&nbsp;123-129.

<!-- Not used yet, but looks be very useful on the 1994 flood
* {{cite web|last=Luino |first=Fabio |authorlink= | date= | year =
|url= http://www.irpi.to.cnr.it/English/Luino/1994.htm
|title= The flood and landslide event of November 4-6, 1994 in Piedmont Region (Northwestern Italy): causes and related effects in Tanaro Valley
|format= |work= Presented at the XXII General Assembly of the European Geophysical Society, Vienna, Austria, 21-25 April 1997 |pages= |publisher= | language= |accessdate= 2006-06-18 }}
-->
{{reflist}}

== See also ==
* [[List of rivers of Italy]]
{{Commons category}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Tanaro basin| ]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Province of Imperia]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Province of Cuneo]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Province of Asti]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Province of Alessandria]]
[[Category:Rivers of Italy]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Alps]]

Latest revision as of 17:39, 30 November 2024

Tanaro
Native nameTane (Piedmontese)
Location
CountryItaly
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationLigurian Alps, on the slopes of Monte Saccarello
Mouth 
 • location
Po near Bassignana (AL)
 • coordinates
45°00′20″N 8°46′10″E / 45.00556°N 8.76944°E / 45.00556; 8.76944
Length276 km (171 mi)
Basin size8,234 km2 (3,179 sq mi)
Discharge 
 • average123 m3/s (4,300 cu ft/s)
Basin features
ProgressionPoAdriatic Sea
Tributaries 
 • leftEllero, Stura di Demonte, Borbore, Versa
 • rightBelbo, Bormida

The Tanaro (Italian pronunciation: [ˈtaːnaro]; Piedmontese: Tane [ˈtɑne]; Ligurian: Tànau [ˈtana(ɹ)u]; Latin: Tanarus) is a 276-kilometre (171 mi) long river in northwestern Italy. The river begins in the Ligurian Alps, near the border with France, and is the most significant right-side tributary to the Po in terms of length, size of drainage basin (partly Alpine, partly Apennine), and discharge.

Geography

[edit]

Sources

[edit]

The Tanaro rises at the border between Piedmont and Liguria at the confluence of two smaller streams: the Tanarello and the Negrone.

The main source of the Tanarello is on the slopes of Monte Saccarello above Monesi, a village belonging to the commune of Triora. This mountain straddles the French département of Alpes-Maritimes, the Piedmontese province of Cuneo and the Ligurian province of Imperia and marks the juncture of the watersheds between three drainage basins: Tanaro itself; Roya (Italian: Roia), which rises in France but enters the sea at Ventimiglia; and Argentina, which flows into the Ligurian Sea at Taggia.

The sources of the Negrone are not far from Punta Marguareis and very close to the French border.

Course

[edit]

The Tanaro flows through the towns of Ormea, Garessio, Ceva, Alba, Asti, and Alessandria before flowing into Po river near Bassignana in the Province of Alessandria. At its confluence with Po, the Tanaro is about 50 km longer than the upper Po,[1] a case similar to the famous Missouri tributary being longer than Mississippi in the United States.

Tributaries

[edit]

The main tributaries to the Tanaro are the Stura di Demonte, the Pesio, the Ellero and the Borbore from the left and the Bormida and the Belbo from the right.

Regime

[edit]

The flow is subject to a great seasonal variation. Although the river has an Alpine origin, which is unique among the Po’s right-side tributaries, the Ligurian Alps are of an insufficient elevation and too close to the sea to allow for the formation of snow fields or glaciers large enough to provide a steady source of water during the summer. Furthermore, the Alpine zone forms only a part of the basin drained by the Tanaro. The seasonal regime of the river is therefore more typical of an Apennine stream, with a maximum discharge that can reach 1,700 cubic metres per second (60,000 cu ft/s), in spring and autumn and a very low rate of flow in the summer.

Flood events

[edit]
1994 floods in Asti

The river is highly prone to flooding. During the two-hundred-year period between 1801 and 2001, sections of the Tanaro basin were affected by floods on 136 occasions. The most devastating floods were in November 1994, November 2016, October 2020, when the whole valley was affected by severe flooding.

History

[edit]

The left bank of the Tanaro River near Asti is the scene of the Battle of Pollentia on April 6, 402.

References

[edit]
  • The article draws on material from related articles in the Italian, French and German Wikipedias, as retrieved 14 June 2006
  • (in Italian) SUL MONTE SACCARELLO :: Una camminata alla scoperta delle sorgenti del Tanaro
  • Luino, F. (2003). "Chapter 49: Flooding Vulnerability of a Town in the Tanaro Basin: The Case of Ceva (Piedmont - Northwest Italy)" (PDF). In V.R.Thorndycraft; G. Benito; M. Barriendos; M.C. Llasat (eds.). Palaeofloods, Historical Floods and Climatic Variability: Applications in Flood Risk Assessment. Retrieved 2006-06-18.
  • Luino F. (1999): “The flood and landslide event of November 4–6, 1994 in Piedmont Region (North-West Italy): causes and related effects in Tanaro Valley”. XXII General Assembly dell’European Geophysical Society, Vienna (Austria). 21–25 April 1997. Ed. Elsevier Science Ltd, Vol. 24, N. 2, p. 123-129.
  1. ^ "Tanaro Po, Italy". acquabuona.it. 2009. Retrieved 6 April 2009.

See also

[edit]