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{{Short description|Romanian sculptor and writer}}
{{unsourced|date=February 2010}}
{{Infobox person
'''Oscar Han''' (1891, [[Bucharest]] - 1976, Bucharest) was a [[Romania]]n [[sculptor]] and [[writer]]. A student of [[Dimitrie Paciurea]] at the Academy of Arts in [[Bucharest]], he was a member of ''the Group of Four'' together with painters [[Nicolae Tonitza]], [[Francisc Şirato]] and [[Ştefan Dimitrescu]]. His works were exhibited mainly in Bucharest, but also at Romanian art exhibitions and international exhibitions in other [[Europe]]an cities.
| name = Oscar Han
| image = Grupul celor patru.jpg
| caption = Oscar Han (third from right), alongside [[Emanoil Bucuța]], [[Francisc Șirato]], [[Dimitrie Gusti]], [[Nicolae Tonitza]], and [[Ștefan Dimitrescu]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1891|12|03}}
| birth_place = [[Bucharest]], [[Kingdom of Romania|Romania]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1976|02|14|1891|12|03}}
| death_place = Bucharest, [[Socialist Republic of Romania|Romania]]
| nationality = [[Romania]]n
| education = [[Bucharest National University of Arts|National University of Arts]]
| occupation = [[Sculptor]]
}}


'''Oscar Han''' (3 December 1891 – 14 February 1976) was a [[Romania]]n sculptor and writer.
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Han, Oscar}}
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[[Category:Romanian sculptors]]
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[[Category:1891 births]]
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[[Category:1976 deaths]]


== Biography ==
Han was born in Bucharest on 3 December 1891<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=3 December 2021 |title=O personalitate pe zi: Sculptorul Oscar Han |url=https://www.agerpres.ro/documentare/2021/12/03/o-personalitate-pe-zi-sculptorul-oscar-han--824126 |website=Agerpres}}</ref> to a father of [[Germans of Romania|German]] origin and a mother from [[Vrancea County|Vrancea]].


From 1909 to 1914, he studied sculpture and drawing at the [[Bucharest National University of Arts|Academy of Arts]] in [[Bucharest]] (now the National University of Arts) under [[Dimitrie Paciurea]] and [[Frederic Storck|Frederick Storck]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Oscar Han |url=http://www.sculpture.ro/fisa.php?id=295 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522070817/http://www.sculpture.ro/fisa.php?id=295 |archive-date=22 May 2023 |website=Centrul Cultural Meta}}</ref> He made his debut in 1911 with the sculpture "Bust of a Girl".<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |date=2005-10-03 |title=Oscar Han – între daltã și politicã |url=https://www.ziaruldemures.ro/oscar-han-intre-dalta-si-politica/ |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=Ziarul de mures |language=en-US}}</ref> Later, Han would return to his alma mater as a professor of sculpture, a post he occupied from 1927 to 1944, and again in 1956.<ref name=":1" />
{{Romania-artist-stub}}
{{Sculptor-stub}}


During the [[Romania in World War I|First World War]], Han was one of several artists commissioned to create works commemorating Romania's armed forces.<ref name=":2" />
[[ro:Oscar Han]]

In the interwar period, he formed the ''Group of Four'' ("Grupul celor patru") artists' collective together with painters [[Nicolae Tonitza]], [[Francisc Șirato]] and [[Ștefan Dimitrescu]]. Not defined by a strict artistic philosophy, the Group of Four was bound mainly by friendship and collaboration.

Han was also politically active. Briefly associated with [[Nichifor Crainic]]'s right-wing journal ''[[Gândirea]]'', Han would later write for Pamfil Șeicaru's ''[[Curentul]]'' as a cultural critic and polemicist. He served as deputy for the [[National Liberal Party (Romania)|National Liberal Party]] in [[Mureș County|Mureș]] from 1934-1937.<ref name=":2" />

Han was accused of [[Anti-Masonry|Freemasonry]] in December 1940 by the new [[National Legionary State]] (a fascist government led by the [[Iron Guard]] and [[Ion Antonescu]]). He denied these charges, but resigned from the government's Fine Arts Union.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Știți cine a realizat "Monumentul Victoriei" de la Tișița, la comanda lui Pamfil Șeicaru? Astăzi despre sculptorul Oscar Han - vrâncean după mamă |url=https://www.ziaruldevrancea.ro/timp-liber/stiti-cine-a-realizat-monumentul-victoriei-de-la-tisita-la-comada-lui-pamfil-seicaru-astazi-despre-sculptorul-oscar-han---vrancean-dupa-mama |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=www.ziaruldevrancea.ro |language=ro}}</ref>

After the [[Romania in World War II|Second World War]], Han was briefly barred from working due to accusations of sympathy towards the Iron Guard (an accusation possibly exacerbated by a bust he sculpted in 1928 of Iron Guard philosopher [[Nae Ionescu]]).<ref name=":3" /> However, Han was quickly rehabilitated, and was awarded a number of distinctions by the new [[Socialist Republic of Romania|communist]] regime, including the titles "Master Emeritus of Art" (1961), "First Class Order of Labour" (1971), and "Star of the Socialist Republic of Romania" (1972).<ref name=":3" />

==Works==
Han is mainly known for his statues and busts of Romanian historical figures. His portraits include the Monument to [[Ferdinand I of Romania|Ferdinand I]] in [[Chișinău]] (now in the [[Moldova|Republic of Moldova]]), several busts of famous authors in Bucharest's [[King Michael I Park|Herăstrău Park]] (including [[William Shakespeare]] and [[Alexandru Vlahuță]]), the monuments to [[Mihai Eminescu]] in [[Cluj-Napoca]], [[Constanța]], and [[Oradea]], the statue of [[Anghel Saligny]] in Constanța, the monument to [[Mircea the Elder]] in [[Turnu Măgurele]], and the monument to [[Michael the Brave]] in [[Alba Iulia]].<ref name=":0" />

His works were exhibited mainly in Bucharest,<ref name=":1" /> but also at Romanian art exhibitions and international exhibitions in other European cities.{{Gallery
| title =
| align =
| footer =
| style =
| state =
| height =100
| width =120
| captionstyle =
| File:Lui Mihai Eminescu, 1932, Oscar Han, Constanța, Romania.jpg
| Monument of [[Mihai Eminescu]] in [[Constanța]] (1932)
| alt1=
| File:Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina 09.jpg
| [[Monument to Ferdinand I]] in [[Chișinău]] (1939)
| alt2=
|
| Statue of [[Anghel Saligny]], overlooking the [[port of Constanţa]] (1957)
| alt3=
|
| "Elegy", at the [[Zambaccian Museum]] in Bucharest
| alt4=
|
| "The Archer", at the Zambaccian Museum in Bucharest
| alt5=
|
| "The Primitive Man", at the Zambaccian Museum in Bucharest
| alt6=
|
| Equestrian statue of [[Michael the Brave]] in [[Alba Iulia]], 1968
| alt7=
|
| Statue of [[Mihail Kogălniceanu]], Bucharest, 1937
| alt8=
}}

== Works cited ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Oscar Han}}

{{Authority control}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Han, Oscar}}
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[[Category:1891 births]]
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[[Category:1976 deaths]]
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[[Category:20th-century Romanian sculptors]]
[[Category:Bucharest National University of Arts alumni]]
[[Category:Artists from Bucharest]]

Revision as of 07:19, 3 December 2024

Oscar Han
Oscar Han (third from right), alongside Emanoil Bucuța, Francisc Șirato, Dimitrie Gusti, Nicolae Tonitza, and Ștefan Dimitrescu
Born(1891-12-03)December 3, 1891
Bucharest, Romania
DiedFebruary 14, 1976(1976-02-14) (aged 84)
Bucharest, Romania
NationalityRomanian
EducationNational University of Arts
OccupationSculptor

Oscar Han (3 December 1891 – 14 February 1976) was a Romanian sculptor and writer.

Biography

Han was born in Bucharest on 3 December 1891[1] to a father of German origin and a mother from Vrancea.

From 1909 to 1914, he studied sculpture and drawing at the Academy of Arts in Bucharest (now the National University of Arts) under Dimitrie Paciurea and Frederick Storck.[2] He made his debut in 1911 with the sculpture "Bust of a Girl".[3] Later, Han would return to his alma mater as a professor of sculpture, a post he occupied from 1927 to 1944, and again in 1956.[2]

During the First World War, Han was one of several artists commissioned to create works commemorating Romania's armed forces.[3]

In the interwar period, he formed the Group of Four ("Grupul celor patru") artists' collective together with painters Nicolae Tonitza, Francisc Șirato and Ștefan Dimitrescu. Not defined by a strict artistic philosophy, the Group of Four was bound mainly by friendship and collaboration.

Han was also politically active. Briefly associated with Nichifor Crainic's right-wing journal Gândirea, Han would later write for Pamfil Șeicaru's Curentul as a cultural critic and polemicist. He served as deputy for the National Liberal Party in Mureș from 1934-1937.[3]

Han was accused of Freemasonry in December 1940 by the new National Legionary State (a fascist government led by the Iron Guard and Ion Antonescu). He denied these charges, but resigned from the government's Fine Arts Union.[4]

After the Second World War, Han was briefly barred from working due to accusations of sympathy towards the Iron Guard (an accusation possibly exacerbated by a bust he sculpted in 1928 of Iron Guard philosopher Nae Ionescu).[4] However, Han was quickly rehabilitated, and was awarded a number of distinctions by the new communist regime, including the titles "Master Emeritus of Art" (1961), "First Class Order of Labour" (1971), and "Star of the Socialist Republic of Romania" (1972).[4]

Works

Han is mainly known for his statues and busts of Romanian historical figures. His portraits include the Monument to Ferdinand I in Chișinău (now in the Republic of Moldova), several busts of famous authors in Bucharest's Herăstrău Park (including William Shakespeare and Alexandru Vlahuță), the monuments to Mihai Eminescu in Cluj-Napoca, Constanța, and Oradea, the statue of Anghel Saligny in Constanța, the monument to Mircea the Elder in Turnu Măgurele, and the monument to Michael the Brave in Alba Iulia.[1]

His works were exhibited mainly in Bucharest,[2] but also at Romanian art exhibitions and international exhibitions in other European cities.

Works cited

  1. ^ a b "O personalitate pe zi: Sculptorul Oscar Han". Agerpres. 3 December 2021.
  2. ^ a b c "Oscar Han". Centrul Cultural Meta. Archived from the original on 22 May 2023.
  3. ^ a b c "Oscar Han – între daltã și politicã". Ziarul de mures. 2005-10-03. Retrieved 2023-07-05.
  4. ^ a b c "Știți cine a realizat "Monumentul Victoriei" de la Tișița, la comanda lui Pamfil Șeicaru? Astăzi despre sculptorul Oscar Han - vrâncean după mamă". www.ziaruldevrancea.ro (in Romanian). Retrieved 2023-07-05.
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