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This is a new potential section of Eukaryotic DNA replication, discussing the concept of Mitotic DNA synthesis, which occurs in eukaryotic cells.
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Article page: [[Eukaryotic DNA replication]]
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== Mitotic DNA Synthesis ==
Mitotic DNA synthesis (MiDAS) is a process of irregular [[DNA replication]] where [[DNA synthesis]], naturally occurring in the [[S phase]], takes place in the [[Mitosis|M phase]] of the [[cell cycle]]. Mitotic DNA synthesis is known to occur when cells are experiencing [[DNA replication stress|stress related to DNA replication]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Macheret |first=Morgane |last2=Bhowmick |first2=Rahul |last3=Sobkowiak |first3=Katarzyna |last4=Padayachy |first4=Laura |last5=Mailler |first5=Jonathan |last6=Hickson |first6=Ian D. |last7=Halazonetis |first7=Thanos D. |date=2020-11 |title=High-resolution mapping of mitotic DNA synthesis regions and common fragile sites in the human genome through direct sequencing |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41422-020-0358-x |journal=Cell Research |language=en |volume=30 |issue=11 |pages=997–1008 |doi=10.1038/s41422-020-0358-x |issn=1748-7838 |pmc=PMC7784693 |pmid=32561860}}</ref>. Certain [[Locus (genetics)|loci]] in the genome, considered common fragile sites (CFS)<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Bhowmick |first=Rahul |last2=Minocherhomji |first2=Sheroy |last3=Hickson |first3=Ian D. |date=2016-12 |title=RAD52 Facilitates Mitotic DNA Synthesis Following Replication Stress |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1097276516307067 |journal=Molecular Cell |language=en |volume=64 |issue=6 |pages=1117–1126 |doi=10.1016/j.molcel.2016.10.037}}</ref> or [[Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres|ALT]]-associated replication defects<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Min |first=Jaewon |last2=Wright |first2=Woodring E. |last3=Shay |first3=Jerry W. |date=2017-10-01 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1128/MCB.00226-17 |doi=10.1128/mcb.00226-17 |pmc=PMC5615184 |pmid=28760773}}</ref> can induce replication stress that may lead to MiDAS. Mitotic DNA synthesis is enabled by a protein known as [[RAD52]], which then recruits enzymes, including [[MUS81]] and [[POLD3]]<ref name=":0" />. These enzymes work to induce MiDAS outside of [[Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related|ATR]], [[BRCA2]], and [[RAD51]] which are necessary to prevent replication stress at CFS loci throughout [[S phase]]<ref name=":0" />. MiDAS has been recorded in mammals and yeast, however, its occurrence in other [[eukaryotic organisms]] is yet to be discovered<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ivanova |first=Tsvetomira |last2=Maier |first2=Michael |last3=Missarova |first3=Alsu |last4=Ziegler-Birling |first4=Céline |last5=Dam |first5=Monica |last6=Gomar-Alba |first6=Mercè |last7=Carey |first7=Lucas B. |last8=Mendoza |first8=Manuel |date=2020-05-08 |title=Budding yeast complete DNA synthesis after chromosome segregation begins |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-16100-3 |journal=Nature Communications |language=en |volume=11 |issue=1 |doi=10.1038/s41467-020-16100-3 |issn=2041-1723 |pmc=PMC7210879 |pmid=32385287}}</ref>.

== References ==
153. Macheret M, Bhowmick R, Sobkowiak K, Padayachy L, Mailler J, Hickson ID, Halazonetis TD (June 2020) [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41422-020-0358-x#citeas "High-resolution mapping of mitotic DNA synthesis regions and common fragile sites in the human genome through direct sequencing"]. ''Cell Res'' '''30''', 997–1008. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0358-x [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7784693/ PMC 7784693] [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32561860/ PMID 32561860]

154. Ivanova T, Maier M, Missarova A, Ziegler-Birling C, Dam M, Gomar-Alba M, Carey LB, Mendoza M (May 2020). [https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-020-16100-3 "Budding yeast complete DNA synthesis after chromosome segregation begins"]. ''Nat Commun'' '''11''', 2267. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16100-3 [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7210879/ PMC 7210879]. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32385287/ PMID 32385287]

155. Bhowmick R, Minocherhomji S, Hickson, ID (December 2016). [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27984745/ "RAD52 Facilitates Mitotic DNA Synthesis Following Replication Stress"]. ''Molecular Cell''. '''64''' (6): 1117–1126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2016.10.037 [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27984745/ PMID 27984745]

156. Min J, Wright WE, Shay JW (April 2017). [https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1128/MCB.00226-17 "Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres Mediated by Mitotic DNA Synthesis Engages Break-Induced Replication Processes"]. ''Molecular and Cellular Biology'', ''37''(20). https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00226-17 [https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5615184/ PMC 5615184]. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28760773/ PMID 28760773]

Revision as of 22:48, 4 December 2024

Article page: Eukaryotic DNA replication

Mitotic DNA Synthesis

Mitotic DNA synthesis (MiDAS) is a process of irregular DNA replication where DNA synthesis, naturally occurring in the S phase, takes place in the M phase of the cell cycle. Mitotic DNA synthesis is known to occur when cells are experiencing stress related to DNA replication[1]. Certain loci in the genome, considered common fragile sites (CFS)[2] or ALT-associated replication defects[3] can induce replication stress that may lead to MiDAS. Mitotic DNA synthesis is enabled by a protein known as RAD52, which then recruits enzymes, including MUS81 and POLD3[2]. These enzymes work to induce MiDAS outside of ATR, BRCA2, and RAD51 which are necessary to prevent replication stress at CFS loci throughout S phase[2]. MiDAS has been recorded in mammals and yeast, however, its occurrence in other eukaryotic organisms is yet to be discovered[4].

References

153. Macheret M, Bhowmick R, Sobkowiak K, Padayachy L, Mailler J, Hickson ID, Halazonetis TD (June 2020) "High-resolution mapping of mitotic DNA synthesis regions and common fragile sites in the human genome through direct sequencing". Cell Res 30, 997–1008. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-020-0358-x PMC 7784693 PMID 32561860

154. Ivanova T, Maier M, Missarova A, Ziegler-Birling C, Dam M, Gomar-Alba M, Carey LB, Mendoza M (May 2020). "Budding yeast complete DNA synthesis after chromosome segregation begins". Nat Commun 11, 2267. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16100-3 PMC 7210879. PMID 32385287

155. Bhowmick R, Minocherhomji S, Hickson, ID (December 2016). "RAD52 Facilitates Mitotic DNA Synthesis Following Replication Stress". Molecular Cell. 64 (6): 1117–1126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2016.10.037 PMID 27984745

156. Min J, Wright WE, Shay JW (April 2017). "Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres Mediated by Mitotic DNA Synthesis Engages Break-Induced Replication Processes". Molecular and Cellular Biology, 37(20). https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00226-17 PMC 5615184. PMID 28760773

  1. ^ Macheret, Morgane; Bhowmick, Rahul; Sobkowiak, Katarzyna; Padayachy, Laura; Mailler, Jonathan; Hickson, Ian D.; Halazonetis, Thanos D. (2020-11). "High-resolution mapping of mitotic DNA synthesis regions and common fragile sites in the human genome through direct sequencing". Cell Research. 30 (11): 997–1008. doi:10.1038/s41422-020-0358-x. ISSN 1748-7838. PMC 7784693. PMID 32561860. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
  2. ^ a b c Bhowmick, Rahul; Minocherhomji, Sheroy; Hickson, Ian D. (2016-12). "RAD52 Facilitates Mitotic DNA Synthesis Following Replication Stress". Molecular Cell. 64 (6): 1117–1126. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2016.10.037. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  3. ^ Min, Jaewon; Wright, Woodring E.; Shay, Jerry W. (2017-10-01). doi:10.1128/mcb.00226-17. PMC 5615184. PMID 28760773 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1128/MCB.00226-17. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
  4. ^ Ivanova, Tsvetomira; Maier, Michael; Missarova, Alsu; Ziegler-Birling, Céline; Dam, Monica; Gomar-Alba, Mercè; Carey, Lucas B.; Mendoza, Manuel (2020-05-08). "Budding yeast complete DNA synthesis after chromosome segregation begins". Nature Communications. 11 (1). doi:10.1038/s41467-020-16100-3. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 7210879. PMID 32385287.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
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