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{{Short description|Class of archaea}}
{{Taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
| domain = [[Archaea]]
| image = 41598 2016 Article BFsrep39034 Fig2 HTML.webp
| regnum = [[Euryarchaeota]]
| image_caption = ''Cuniculiplasma divulgatum''
| phylum = [[Euryarchaeota]]
| classis = '''Thermoplasmata'''
| taxon = Thermoplasmata
| authority = Reysenbach, 2002
| subdivision_ranks = [[Order (biology)|Order]]
| subdivision_ranks = Orders
| subdivision =
| subdivision =
* "Aciduliprofundales"
* "Gimiplasmatales"
* "Halarchaeoplasmatales"
* "Lunaplasmatales"
* "Lutacidiplasmatales"
* [[Methanomassiliicoccales]]
* "Proteinoplasmatales"
* "Sysuiplasmatales"
* [[Thermoplasmatales]]
* [[Thermoplasmatales]]
* "Yaplasmatales"
| synonyms =
| synonyms =
* Thermoplasmata Reysenbach 2002
* Picrophilea <small>Cavalier-Smith 2002</small>
* "Thermoplasmatia" <small>Oren, Parte & Garrity 2016</small>
* "Thermoplasmia" <small>Cavalier-Smith 2020</small>
}}
}}


In [[alpha taxonomy|taxonomy]], the '''Thermoplasmata''' are a [[class (biology)|class]] of the [[Euryarchaeota]].<ref>See the [[National Center for Biotechnology Information|NCBI]] [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=183967 webpage on Thermoplasmata]. Data extracted from the {{cite web | url=ftp://ftp.ncbi.nih.gov/pub/taxonomy/ | title=NCBI taxonomy resources | publisher=[[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] | accessdate=2007-03-19}}</ref>
In [[alpha taxonomy|taxonomy]], the '''Thermoplasmata''' are a [[class (biology)|class]] of the [[Euryarchaeota]].<ref name=NCBI></ref>


All are [[acidophile]]s, growing optimally at pH below 2. ''[[Picrophilus]]'' is currently the most [[acidophile|acidophilic]] of all known organisms growing at a minimum pH of 0.06. Many of these organisms do not contain a cell wall, although this is not true in the case of ''[[Picrophilus]]''. Most members of Thermotoplasmata are [[thermophilic]].
All are [[acidophile]]s, growing optimally at pH below 2. ''[[Picrophilus]]'' is currently the most [[acidophile|acidophilic]] of all known organisms growing at a minimum pH of 0.06. Many of these organisms do not contain a cell wall, although this is not true in the case of ''[[Picrophilus]]''. Most members of Thermoplasmata are [[thermophilic]].


==Phylogeny==
==Comparative Genomics and Molecular Signatures==
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the [[List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]] (LPSN)<ref>{{cite web | author=J.P. Euzéby | url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/class/thermoplasmata | title=Thermoplasmata | access-date=2015-08-20 | publisher=[[List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature]] (LPSN)}}</ref> and [[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] (NCBI).<ref name=NCBI>{{cite web |author = Sayers|display-authors = etal| url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Tree&id=183967&lvl=4&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock |title=Thermoplasmata |access-date=2015-08-20 |publisher=[[National Center for Biotechnology Information]] (NCBI) taxonomy database}}</ref>


{| class="wikitable"
Comparative genomic analysis has led to the identification of 77 signature proteins which are uniquely present in all or most species of the class <i>Thermoplasmata</i>. Additionally, 30 proteins have been identified which are uniquely shared by members of <i>Thermoplasmata</i> and the genus <i>[[Sulfolobus]]</i>. As these microorganisms occupy the same environment, it is possible that the sharing of these proteins may be due to [[horizontal gene transfer]], though it may also be the result of unique shared ancestry.<ref>Gao, B. and Gupta, R. S. (2007). Phylogenomic analysis of proteins that are distinctive of Archaea and its main subgroups and the origin of methanogenesis. BMC Genomics. 8:86. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-8-86.</ref>
|-
! colspan=1 | 16S rRNA based [[The All-Species Living Tree Project|LTP]]_06_2022<ref>{{cite web|title=The LTP |url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/#LTP| access-date=10 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=LTP_all tree in newick format| url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_all_06_2022.ntree |access-date=10 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=LTP_06_2022 Release Notes| url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_06_2022_release_notes.pdf |access-date=10 May 2023}}</ref>
! colspan=1 | 53 marker proteins based [[Genome Taxonomy Database|GTDB]] 09-RS220<ref name="about">{{cite web |title=GTDB release 09-RS220 |url=https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/about#4%7C |website=[[Genome Taxonomy Database]]|access-date=10 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="tree">{{cite web |title=ar53_r220.sp_label |url=https://data.gtdb.ecogenomic.org/releases/release220/220.0/auxillary_files/ar53_r220.sp_labels.tree |website=[[Genome Taxonomy Database]]|access-date=10 May 2024}}</ref><ref name="taxon_history">{{cite web |title=Taxon History |url=https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/taxon_history/ |website=[[Genome Taxonomy Database]]|access-date=10 May 2024}}</ref>
|-
| style="vertical-align:top|
{{Clade|style=font-size:90%; line-height:90%
|1={{clade
|label1=[[Methanomassiliicoccales]]
|1=[[Methanomassiliicoccaceae]]
|label2=[[Thermoplasmatales]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Thermoplasmataceae]]
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Thermogymnomonas]]''
|2={{clade
|1=[[Cuniculiplasmataceae]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Picrophilaceae]]
|2=[[Ferroplasmataceae]]
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
|
{{Clade|style=font-size:90%; line-height:90%
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1="Proteinoplasmatales" (SG8-5)
|2="Yaplasmatales" [RBG-16-68-12]
}}
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|label1="Gimiplasmatales"
|1="Gimiplasmataceae" (UA10834)
}}
|2={{clade
|label1="Sysuiplasmatales"
|1="Sysuiplasmataceae"
|label2=[[Methanomassiliicoccales]]
|2={{clade
|1=[[Methanomassiliicoccaceae]]
|2=[[Methanomethylophilaceae]]
}}
}}
}}
}}
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|label1="Halarchaeoplasmatales"
|1="Halarchaeoplasmataceae" (PWKY01)
}}
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|label1="Lutacidiplasmatales"
|1="Lutacidiplasmataceae" (GCA_022750295)
}}
|2={{clade
|label1="Aciduliprofundales"
|1="[[Aciduliprofundaceae]]"
|label2=[[Thermoplasmatales]]
|2=[[Thermoplasmataceae]]
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
|}


==See also==
* [[List of Archaea genera]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|1}}

{{reflist|1}}


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
===Scientific journals===
===Scientific journals===
* {{cite journal|last1=Li|first1=Chao Lun|last2=Jiang|first2=Yun Tao|last3=Liu|first3=Da Li|last4=Qian|first4=JieLei|last5=Liang|first5=Jing Ping|last6=Shu|first6=Rong|title=Prevalence and quantification of the uncommon Archaea phylotype Thermoplasmata in chronic periodontitis|journal=Archives of Oral Biology|date=August 2014|volume=59|issue=8|pages=822–828|doi=10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.05.011|pmid=24859768}}

* {{cite journal|last1=Poulsen|first1=Morten|last2=Schwab|first2=Clarissa|last3=Jensen|first3=Bent Borg|last4=Engberg|first4=Ricarda M.|last5=Spang|first5=Anja|last6=Canibe|first6=Nuria|last7=Hojberg|first7=Ole|title=Methylotrophic methanogenic Thermoplasmata implicated in reduced methane emissions from bovine rumen|journal=Nature Communications|date=June 2013|volume=4|issue=1428|page=1947 |doi=10.1038/ncomms2847|bibcode=2013NatCo...4.1947P|doi-access=free}}
* {{cite journal | last = Cavalier-Smith | first = T | year = 2002 | title = The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification | journal = Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. | volume = 52 | pages = 7–76 | pmid = 11837318 | issue = Pt 1}}
* {{cite journal | last = Cavalier-Smith | first = T | date = 2002 | title = The neomuran origin of archaebacteria, the negibacterial root of the universal tree and bacterial megaclassification | journal = Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. | volume = 52 | pages = 7–76 | pmid = 11837318 | issue = Pt 1 | doi=10.1099/00207713-52-1-7| doi-access = free }}

* {{cite journal | last = Woese | first = CR | coauthors = Kandler O, Wheelis ML | year = 1990 | title = Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA | volume = 87 | pages = 4576–4579 | pmid = 2112744 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576 | issue = 12 | pmc = 54159 | bibcode=1990PNAS...87.4576W}}
* {{cite journal | last = Woese | first = CR |author2=Kandler O |author3=Wheelis ML | date = 1990 | title = Towards a natural system of organisms: proposal for the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA | volume = 87 | pages = 4576–4579 | pmid = 2112744 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.87.12.4576 | issue = 12 | pmc = 54159 | bibcode=1990PNAS...87.4576W| doi-access = free }}


===Scientific books===
===Scientific books===
* {{cite book | last = Reysenbach | first = AL | date = 2001 | chapter = Class IV. Thermoplasmata class. nov. | title = Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria | edition = 2nd | editor = DR Boone | editor2 = RW Castenholz | publisher = Springer Verlag | location = New York | isbn = 978-0-387-98771-2 | page = [https://archive.org/details/bergeysmanualofs00boon/page/169 169] | chapter-url-access = registration | chapter-url = https://archive.org/details/bergeysmanualofs00boon/page/169 }}

* {{cite book | last = Reysenbach | first = AL | year = 2001 | chapter = Class IV. Thermoplasmata class. nov. | title = Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria | edition = 2nd | editor = DR Boone and RW Castenholz, eds. | publisher = Springer Verlag | location = New York | isbn = 978-0-387-98771-2 | page = 169 }}
* {{cite book | author = Garrity GM | author2 = Holt JG | date = 2001 | chapter = Phylum AII. Euryarchaeota phy. nov. | title = Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria | edition = 2nd | editor = DR Boone | editor2 = RW Castenholz | publisher = Springer Verlag | location = New York | isbn = 978-0-387-98771-2 | page = [https://archive.org/details/bergeysmanualofs00boon/page/169 169] | chapter-url-access = registration | chapter-url = https://archive.org/details/bergeysmanualofs00boon/page/169 }}

* {{cite book | author = Garrity GM, Holt JG | year = 2001 | chapter = Phylum AII. Euryarchaeota phy. nov. | title = Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology Volume 1: The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria | edition = 2nd | editor = DR Boone and RW Castenholz, eds. | publisher = Springer Verlag | location = New York | isbn = 978-0-387-98771-2 | page = 169 }}

===Scientific databases===

{{Taxonomic references|taxon=Thermoplasmata}}


==External links==
==External links==

{{Taxonomic links|microbe=yes|NCBI_taxID=183967|taxoname=Thermoplasmata|LSPN_letter=t|LSPN_taxoname=thermoplasmata}}

{{Archaea classification}}
{{Archaea classification}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1135456}}

[[Category:Archaea taxonomic classes]]
[[Category:Archaea classes]]
[[Category:Euryarchaeota]]

{{Euryarchaeota-stub}}

{{archaea-stub}}

[[es:Thermoplasmata]]
[[ko:테르모플라스마강]]
[[ja:テルモプラズマ綱]]
[[ru:Thermoplasmata]]
[[sv:Thermoplasmata]]

Latest revision as of 15:36, 11 December 2024

Thermoplasmata
Cuniculiplasma divulgatum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Archaea
Phylum: Methanobacteriota
Class: Thermoplasmata
Reysenbach, 2002
Orders
  • "Aciduliprofundales"
  • "Gimiplasmatales"
  • "Halarchaeoplasmatales"
  • "Lunaplasmatales"
  • "Lutacidiplasmatales"
  • Methanomassiliicoccales
  • "Proteinoplasmatales"
  • "Sysuiplasmatales"
  • Thermoplasmatales
  • "Yaplasmatales"
Synonyms
  • Picrophilea Cavalier-Smith 2002
  • "Thermoplasmatia" Oren, Parte & Garrity 2016
  • "Thermoplasmia" Cavalier-Smith 2020

In taxonomy, the Thermoplasmata are a class of the Euryarchaeota.[1]

All are acidophiles, growing optimally at pH below 2. Picrophilus is currently the most acidophilic of all known organisms growing at a minimum pH of 0.06. Many of these organisms do not contain a cell wall, although this is not true in the case of Picrophilus. Most members of Thermoplasmata are thermophilic.

Phylogeny

[edit]

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[2] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).[1]

16S rRNA based LTP_06_2022[3][4][5] 53 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220[6][7][8]

"Proteinoplasmatales" (SG8-5)

"Yaplasmatales" [RBG-16-68-12]

"Gimiplasmatales"

"Gimiplasmataceae" (UA10834)

"Halarchaeoplasmatales"

"Halarchaeoplasmataceae" (PWKY01)

"Lutacidiplasmatales"

"Lutacidiplasmataceae" (GCA_022750295)

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Sayers; et al. "Thermoplasmata". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2015-08-20.
  2. ^ J.P. Euzéby. "Thermoplasmata". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2015-08-20.
  3. ^ "The LTP". Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  4. ^ "LTP_all tree in newick format". Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  5. ^ "LTP_06_2022 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  6. ^ "GTDB release 09-RS220". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  7. ^ "ar53_r220.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  8. ^ "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database. Retrieved 10 May 2024.

Further reading

[edit]

Scientific journals

[edit]

Scientific books

[edit]
[edit]
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