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{{Football player infobox
[[Image:Garrincha.jpg|240px|right|thumb|Garrincha, in a drawing by [[http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utente:Fabio_Messina]] Fabio Messina ]]
| playername = Garrincha
'''Manoel Francisco dos Santos''' ([[October 28]], [[1933]] – [[January 20]], [[1983]]), known as '''''Garrincha''''', and as '''Mané''' (short for Manoel) by his friends, was a [[Brazil]]ian [[football]] right [[Midfielder#Winger|winger]] and [[forward]] who helped Brazil win the [[Football World Cup|World Cups]] of [[Football World Cup 1958|1958]] and [[Football World Cup 1962|1962]]. He is often considered the best Brazilian player ever behind [[Pelé]], and some say he was the most skillful footballer to have come out of Brazil, exceeding the talent shown even by Pelé; a quote by [[Leonidas da Silva]] is that [[Pelé]] was an exceptional player, but Garrincha played with the ball as a kid with a toy.
| image = [[Image:Garrinchab&w.jpg|225px]]
| fullname = Manoel Francisco dos Santos
| height = 1.69 m (5 ft 7 in)<ref>[http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/wcwinners.html World Cup Champions Squads 1930 - 2002, by RSSSF]</ref>
| nickname = Garrincha, Mané
| dateofbirth = [[October 28]], [[1933]]
| cityofbirth = [[Magé|Pau Grande (RJ)]]
| countryofbirth = [[Brazil]]
| dateofdeath = [[January 20]], [[1983]]
| cityofdeath = [[Rio de Janeiro]]
| countryofdeath = [[Brazil]]
| position = Forward, winger
| youthyears = 1948-1952
| youthclubs = S. C. Pau Grande
| years = 1953-1965<br>1966<br>1968<br>1968-1969<br>1972
| clubs = [[Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas|Botafogo]]<br>[[Sport Club Corinthians Paulista|Corinthians]]<br/>[[Atlético Junior|Junior]]<br/>[[Clube de Regatas do Flamengo|Flamengo]]<br>[[Olaria Atlético Clube|Olaria Rio]]<br/>
| caps(goals) = 581 (232)<ref name="lonestar">FIFA Magazine, April 1997 - http://www.fifa.com/fifa/pub/magazine/fm4-97.12.html</ref><br> 10 (2)<br/>1 (0)<br>15 (4)<br>10 (1)<br>
| nationalyears = 1955-1966
| nationalteam = {{BRAf}}
| nationalcaps(goals) = 50 (12)
}}
'''Manoel Francisco dos Santos''' ([[October 28]], [[1933]] &ndash; [[January 20]], [[1983]]), known by the nickname '''"Garrincha"''' ("small bird"),<ref name="rediff">{{cite web | title=Bad boy Garrincha remembered | work=Reuters article on rediff.com | url=http://www.rediff.com/sports/2004/oct/04garr.htm | accessdate=October 28 | accessyear=2005}}</ref> was a [[Brazil]]ian [[football (soccer)|football]] right [[Midfielder#Winger|winger]] and [[forward]] who helped the [[Brazil national football team|Brazil national team]] win the [[Football World Cup|World Cups]] of [[1958 FIFA World Cup|1958]] and [[1962 FIFA World Cup|1962]]. He is considered one of the best dribblers in football history,<ref name="ifhof">[http://www.ifhof.com/hof/garrincha.asp International Football Hall of Fame - Garrincha]</ref> and the best Brazilian player ever after [[Pelé]].<ref name="FIFAbio">[http://fifaworldcup.yahoo.com/06/en/p/cp/bra/garrincha.html FIFA.com Classic Football - Garrincha]</ref>

The word ''garrincha'' itself means [[wren]].<ref name="nickname">{{cite web | title= Brazil look to spirit of 1962 | work=Telegraph on telegraph.co.uk | url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml?xml=/sport/2006/05/14/swcbra14.xml&sSheet=/sport/2006/05/14/ixfooty.html | accessdate=June 13 | accessyear=2006}}</ref> Besides football and women, activities involving songbirds were among Garrincha's greatest passions; specifically, he liked shooting them. Garrincha was also known as '''Mané''' (short for Manoel) by his friends, a name which in Brazil also means "fool" or "half wit".<ref name="The beautiful game">{{cite book |last= Fish|first= Robert L.|title= My Life and The Beautiful Game: The Autobiography of Pelé | page=4|publisher= Doubleday & Company, Inc. |date= 1977 |id= ISBN 0-385-12185-7}}</ref> It was possibly used in that sense at some point &ndash;or even as a ''[[double entendre]]''&ndash; due to Garrincha's child-like personality. The combined '''''"Mané Garrincha"''''' is common among fans in Brazil. Due to his inmense popularity in Brazil, he was also called '''''Alegria do Povo''''' (Joy of the people).


==Biography==
==Biography==
Garrincha was born in Pau Grande, a district of [[Magé]], in the state of [[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]], in 1933. He was born with his right leg bent inwards and his left leg one inch shorter and curved outwards, yet he still became one of the greatest players in football history, due to his explosiveness and his amazing [[dribbling]] skills, along with being an extremely effective shooter and crosser. His deformed legs gave him the ability to turn on himself at top speed, an ability he used to great effect.
Garrincha was born in Pau Grande, a district of [[Magé]], in the state of [[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]], in 1933. He had several birth defects: his spine was deformed, his right leg bent inwards and his left leg six centimeters shorter and curved outwards; yet he still became one of the greatest players in football history, due to his ball handling, explosiveness and [[dribbling]] skills, along with being a very effective shooter and crosser. He had the ability to turn on himself at top speed, which he used to great effect. The constant attacks and goal opportunities he generated from individual plays on the right wing would often end on an accurate pass to a teammate in position to score.


He drank heavily throughout his adult life, and was involved in several serious road accidents after drinking, notably a crash into a lorry in April 1969 which killed his mother-in-law.{{fact}} He was married twice, first to Nair Marques in 1952 (they separated in 1965), a factory worker from Pau Grande with whom he had eight daughters, and second to [[Elza Soares]], a samba singer whom he married in an unofficial ceremony in March 1966; they separated in 1977. He also had numerous significant affairs, including with showgirl Angelita Martinez.{{fact}}
The success he had on the football pitch had great contrast with his personal life. He drank heavily throughout his adult life, and was involved in several serious road accidents, notably a crash into a lorry in April 1969 which killed his mother-in-law.<ref>''Futebol'' 106.</ref> He was married twice, first to Nair Marques in 1952 (they separated in 1965), a factory worker from Pau Grande with whom he had eight daughters, and second to [[Elza Soares]], a [[samba]] singer whom he married in an unofficial ceremony in March 1966; they separated in 1977. He had other significant affairs, including one with showgirl Angelita Martinez,{{fact}} and he is known to have fathered at least 14 children.<ref name="rediff"/>


Garrincha died aged 49 of alcohol abuse, after a series of taxation and marital problems. Seemingly, he was a forgotten hero - his last years had been unhappy and obscure - but his funeral procession, from the [[Maracana Stadium]] to Pau Grande, drew many thousands of fans, friends and former players to pay their respects. His epitaph reads "Here rests in peace the one who was the Joy of the People &ndash; Mané Garrincha."{{ref|rediff}}
Garrincha died aged 49 of [[cirrhosis of the liver]],<ref name="FIFAbio" /> after a series of financial and marital problems. Seemingly, he was a forgotten hero &ndash;his last years had been unhappy and obscure&ndash; but his funeral procession, from the [[Maracana Stadium]] to Pau Grande, drew thousands of fans, friends and former players to pay their respects. His epitaph reads ''"Here rests in peace the one who was the Joy of the People &ndash; Mané Garrincha."''<ref name="rediff"/> A multi-use stadium in [[Brasilia]], ''[[Estádio Mané Garrincha]]'', is named after him.


==Club career==
==Club career==
Garrincha was not discovered until his late teens. He was already married and a father when he signed for [[Botafogo]] in [[1953]] (team officials were ecstatic to learn that he was over 18 and able to be treated as a professional), having demonstrated his skill by dribbling the ball through the legs of [[Nilton Santos]], a Brazilian international defender, in a training session.{{fact}} He played in a 5-0 win for Botafogo's reserves and then scored a [[hat trick]] on his first-team début against [[Bonsucesso Futebol Clube|Bonsucesso]] on [[19 July]] [[1953]]. He continued to play well, but Brazil had many talented players in his position, notably [[Julinho]], so he was not named in the squad for the [[1954 FIFA World Cup]]. He helped Botafogo win the [[Brazilian Championship]] in 1957 and this convinced the national team selectors to name him in the squad for the [[1958 FIFA World Cup]].
Garrincha's footballing talent was not discovered until his late teens. He was already married and a father when he signed for [[Botafogo]] in [[1953]]. Team officials were ecstatic to learn that he was over 18 and able to be treated as a professional. In his first training session, he demonstrated his skills by dribbling the ball through the legs of [[Nilton Santos]], a Brazilian international defender, who then requested himself for Garrincha to be hired.<ref name=Botafogo-site>[http://www.botafogonocoracao.com.br/historia/d_idolo.asp?idn=626 Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas official web site - Garrincha bio]</ref> He played in a 5-0 win for Botafogo's reserves and then scored a [[hat trick]] on his first-team début against [[Bonsucesso Futebol Clube|Bonsucesso]] on [[19 July]] [[1953]].


Garrincha continued to play well, but Brazil had other talented players in his position, notably [[Julinho]], so he was not named in the squad for the [[1954 FIFA World Cup|1954 World Cup]]. He helped Botafogo win the [[Brazilian Championship]] in 1957 and this convinced the national team selectors to name him to the [[1958 FIFA World Cup|1958 World Cup]] squad.
===Summary of club career===
*LecPan Grande ([[1948]] - [[1952]]),
*[[Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas|Botafogo]] ([[1953]] - [[1964]]) (581 games played and 232 goals scored)<ref>FIFA Magazine, April 1997 - http://www.fifa.com/fifa/pub/magazine/fm4-97.12.html</ref>
*[[Sport Club Corinthians Paulista|Corinthians]] ([[1965]] - [[1968]]),
*[[Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas|Botafogo]] ([[1968]]),
*[[Clube de Regatas do Flamengo|Flamengo]] ([[1969]]),
*[[Red Star Football Club|Red Star Paris]] ([[1971]]/[[1972]]),
*[[Olaria Atlético Clube|Olaria Rio]] ([[1972]]).


After the 1962 World Cup, Garrincha returned to Rio and carried Botafogo to victory in the 1962 ''[[Campeonato Carioca]]'' final against Flamengo.<ref name=Botafogo-site />
==National Team==

Garrincha played 60 international matches for [[Brazil national football team|Brazil]] between 1955 and 1966, representing his country in the 1958, 1962 and 1966 World Cups. Brazil only lost one match with him on the pitch (a 3-1 loss to [[Hungary national football team|Hungary]] at the [[Football World Cup 1966|1966 World Cup]], his last ever appearance for his country).
Garrincha was a member of Botafogo for 12 years, the bulk of his professional career. He won the ''Campeonato Brasileiro'' once and the ''Campeonato Carioca'' three times with them, scored 232 goals in 581 matches, and became a symbol of the history of the club.

In 1966, with his career declining, he was sold to [[Sport Club Corinthians Paulista|Corinthians]]. Two years later, he signed for [[Colombia|Colombian]] team [[Atlético Junior]]. The same year he went back to Brazil and joined [[Clube de Regatas do Flamengo|Flamengo]], where he would stay until 1969.

In 1971, there were rumours that Garrincha, 34, would join [[France|French]] club [[Red Star FC|Red Star FC 93]], but he never signed and returned to Brazil.<ref name="GARRINCHA AU RED STAR">[http://www.allezredstar.com/fr_garr.htm {{fr icon}} "Garrincha to Red Star!"] - allezredstar.com</ref>

Garrincha's professional career as a footballer stretched until 1972, when he played for [[Olaria Atlético Clube|Olaria]], but he played occasional exhibition matches until 1982.<ref>{{cite web | title=Playing notes | work=Solar article | url=http://usr.solar.com.br/~juliocba/garrincha.htm |accessdate=May 10 | accessyear=2006}}</ref>

==National team==
[[Image:Garrincha.jpg|left|thumb|225px|Drawing of Garrincha wearing Brazil's uniform, by Fabio Messina]]
Garrincha played 50 international matches for [[Brazil national football team|Brazil]] between 1955 and 1966, and appeared in the 1958, 1962 and [[1966 FIFA World Cup|1966]] World Cups. Brazil only lost one match with him on the pitch, against [[Hungary national football team|Hungary]] at the [[1966 FIFA World Cup|1966 World Cup]]. [[Pelé]] did not play the game against Hungary, and thus Brazil never lost when Garrincha and he were on the same team.

His first [[cap (football)|cap]] was against [[Chile national football team|Chile]] in Rio de Janeiro in 1955. He played two matches at the [[Copa America]] of 1957 and four in the 1959 edition.


===1958 World Cup===
===1958 World Cup===
Garrincha was not picked for Brazil's first two matches in this tournament, but started their third match against the [[USSR national football team|USSR]]. The [[Soviet]]s were one of the favourites for the tournament, and the Brazilians had been nervous about playing them. Their manager, [[Vicente Feola]], decided to attack directly from the kick off, and his instructions were "The first ball goes to Garrincha."{{ref|garrincha121}} Garrincha received the ball on the right wing, beat three opposing players and took a shot which hit the post. With the match still less than a minute old, he set up a chance for Pelé, who hit the crossbar, and continually caused problems for the Soviet defence resulting in a third minute goal for Brazil.{{fact}}
Garrincha was not picked for Brazil's first two matches of the 1958 tournament, but started their third match against the [[USSR national football team|USSR]]. This was the World Cup debut match for both him and Pelé. The [[Soviet]]s were one of the favourites for the tournament, and the Brazilians had been nervous about playing them. Their manager, [[Vicente Feola]], decided to attack directly from the kick off; Garrincha received the ball on the right wing, beat three opposing players and took a shot which hit the post. With the match still less than a minute old, he set up a chance for Pelé, who hit the crossbar,<ref name="The beautiful game" /> and continually caused problems for the Soviet defence. Brazil won the match, 2-0.


In the final against [[Sweden national football team|Sweden]], Brazil fell behind 0-1 early, but rapidly equalized after Garrincha surpassed his marker on the right wing and sent a cross for [[Vavá]] to score. Before the end of the first half, Garrincha made a similar play, again assisting Vavá for the 2-1. Brazil ended winning the match and its first World Cup trophy, with Garrincha being one of the best players of the tournament.
In the final against [[Sweden national football team|Sweden]], Brazil fell behind 0-1 early, but rapidly equalized after Garrincha surpassed his marker on the right wing and sent a cross for [[Vavá]] to score. Before the end of the first half, Garrincha made a similar play, again assisting Vavá for the 2-1. Brazil ended winning the match and its first World Cup trophy, with Garrincha being one of the best players of the tournament.


===1958&ndash;1962===
===1958-1962===
Garrincha put on weight after the World Cup, partly because he was fond of sweets and partly because he was drinking,{{ref|garrincha151}} so he was dropped from the national team for a friendly match in Rio against England on [[13 May]] [[1959]]. Later that month, he went on tour with Botafogo in Sweden and got a local girl pregnant.{{ref|garrincha156-7}}When he returned to Brazil, he drove home to Pau Grande and ran over his father, Amaro. He drove off without stopping, with an angry mob chasing him, and when they caught up with him they found him "drunk, almost catatonic, and with no grasp of what he had done."{{ref|garrincha161-2}} In August, his wife, Nair, gave birth to their fifth child, and his mistress Iraci announced her first pregnancy. His father died of [[liver cancer]] on [[10 October]] having been dependent on alcohol for years.
Garrincha put on weight after the World Cup, partly because of his drinking, so he was dropped from the national team for a friendly match in Rio against England on [[13 May]] [[1959]]. Later that month, he went on tour with Botafogo in Sweden and got a local girl pregnant.{{cn}} When he returned to Brazil, he drove home to Pau Grande and ran over his father, Amaro. He drove off without stopping, with an angry mob chasing him, and when they caught up with him they found him "drunk, almost catatonic, and with no grasp of what he had done."{{cn}} In August, his wife, Nair, gave birth to their fifth child, and his mistress Iraci announced her first pregnancy. His father died of [[liver cancer]] on [[October 10]] having been dependent on alcohol for years.


===1962 World Cup===
===1962 World Cup===
Garrincha was the outstanding player of the [[1962 FIFA World Cup]]. When Pelé suffered an injury after the second match and was sidelined for the rest of the tournament, Garrincha played a leading role in Brazil's triumph. He arguably won the World Cup single-handedly, excelling particularly against [[England national football team|England]] and [[Chile national football team|Chile]].
Garrincha was the outstanding player of the [[1962 FIFA World Cup]]. When Pelé suffered an injury after the second match and was sidelined for the rest of the tournament, Garrincha played a leading role in Brazil's triumph, excelling particularly against [[England national football team|England]] and [[Chile national football team|Chile]], scoring 4 goals in those two matches.


After one win and one draw, Brazil faced [[Spain national football team|Spain]], without Pelé. The South Americans were losing 0-1 in the second half. [[Amarildo]], Pelé's substitute for the remainder of the tournament, scored the equalizer. Five minutes before the end, Garrincha took the ball on the right flank, dribbled past a defender and paused. Then he dribbled the same man and another defender,<ref>[http://www.geocities.com/andrekff/garrincha.pdf "Mané Garrincha, Alegria do Povo"]</ref> and sent a cross to Amarildo, who scored again to win the match.<ref>[http://www.v-brazil.com/culture/sports/world-cup/1962-Chile.html "Brazil in the 1962 World Cup"] - v-brazil.com</ref>
In the semifinal against Chile, Garrincha scored two more goals as Brazil went on to beat Chile 4-2. After Brazil eliminated the host team and advanced to the final, a headline on Chilean newspaper ''EL Mercurio'' read: "What planet is Garrincha from?"<ref name="FIFAbio">[http://fifaworldcup.yahoo.com/06/en/p/cp/bra/garrincha.html FIFA.com Classic Football - Garrincha]</ref>


In quarterfinals against England, Garrincha opened the score with a header off a corner kick. England equalized before halftime. In the second half, [[Edvaldo Izidio Neto|Vava]] scored the 2-1 off a rebound on a shot by Garrincha, who minutes later, at that moment positioned towards the center of the pitch, received a ball outside the penalty area, made a pause, and sent a curved shot &ndash;known as the "banana" shot&ndash; into the bottom of the net for the final 3-1 on which Brazil advanced to semifinals.
Brazil beat [[Czechoslovakia national football team|Czechoslovakia]] 3-1 in the final, and Garrincha was voted player of the tournament.<ref name="FIFAbio" />

He scored two more goals in the semifinal against Chile, as Brazil went on to win 4-2. His first goal was a 20-yard left-foot shot; the second one, a header.<ref>[http://tssonnet.com/tss2517/25170510.htm "Icons of the World Cup" - ''The Sportstar'', Vol. 25, No. 17; Apr. 27 - May 03, 2002.]</ref> After Brazil eliminated the host team and advanced to the final, a headline on Chilean newspaper ''EL Mercurio'' read: "What planet is Garrincha from?"<ref name="FIFAbio" /> Garrincha was sent off that match after 83 minutes for retaliating the fouls he suffered. However, he was not suspended for the following match.

Brazil faced [[Czechoslovakia national football team|Czechoslovakia]] in the final. That day, Garrincha was below the level shown in the previous two matches, but that did not prevent Brazil from winning 3-1 and him from getting voted player of the tournament.<ref name="FIFAbio" /> It was the second consecutive World Cup won by Garrincha and Brazil.


===1966 World Cup===
===1966 World Cup===
In the first match of the tournament, against [[Bulgaria national football team|Bulgaria]], Garrincha scored from a direct free kick. Then Brazil lost 1-3 to Hungary, the only time Garrincha lost a match with the Brazil national team. He did not play in the last match of the first round against [[Portugal national football team|Portugal]].
In the first match of the tournament, a 2-0 win against [[Bulgaria national football team|Bulgaria]], Garrincha scored from a direct free kick. Then Brazil lost 1-3 to Hungary, in Garrincha's last ever international match, which was the only time Garrincha lost a match with the Brazil national team. He did not play in the last match of the first round against [[Portugal national football team|Portugal]]. Brazil was eliminated in the first round.



On [[December 19]], [[1973]], a farewell match for Garrincha between a [[FIFA]] World team and Brazil was celebrated at the [[Estádio do Maracanã|Maracanã Stadium]] in Rio de Janeiro, in front of 131,000 spectators.<ref>[http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/fifa-xi.html FIFA XI Matches - RSSSF]</ref>
Garrincha's professional career as a footballer stretched from 1953 to 1972, but he played occasional exhibition matches until 1982 {{ref|garrincha101}}.


==Honours==
==Honours==
*[[World Cup]] champion: [[1958 FIFA World Cup|1958]], [[1962 FIFA World Cup|1962]]
*[[FIFA World Cup|World Cup]] champion: [[1958 FIFA World Cup|1958]], [[1962 FIFA World Cup|1962]]
*''[[Campeonato Brasileiro]]'' winner: 1957
*''[[Campeonato Brasileiro]]'' winner: 1957
*''[[Campeonato Carioca]]'' winner: 1957, 1961, 1962
{{section-stub}}
*O'Higgins Cup winner: 1955, 1959, 1961
*Oswaldo Cruz Cup: 1958, 1961, 1962
*Roca Cup: 1960
*Tournament Rio - São Paulo: 1962, 1964, 1966


'''Individual'''
==Quotes and Trivia==
*World Cup top scorer: 1962 (tied)
===Quotes===
*World Cup Player of the Tournament: 1962
*''Without Garrincha, I would never have been a three-time world champion.'' - [[Pelé]] <ref>FIFA Magazine, April 1997 - http://www.fifa.com/fifa/pub/magazine/fm4-97.12.html</ref>


{{start box}}
*''Pelé was the best but Garrincha was better. Pelé was a machine, Garrincha was an artist. Garrincha was [[Stanley Matthews]], [[Tom Finney]] and a [[snake charmer]] all rolled into one.'' {{citation needed}}
{{succession box|title=[[FIFA World Cup awards#Golden Shoe - Top Goalscorers|FIFA World Cup Golden Shoe]]|before=[[Just Fontaine]] |after=[[Eusébio]]|years=[[1962 FIFA World Cup|1962]]<br/>Shared with: <br/>'''[[Dražan Jerković]],<br/>[[Vavá]], [[Flórián Albert]],<br/>[[Leonel Sánchez]] and <br/>[[Valentin Kozmich Ivanov|Valentin Ivanov]]''' }}
{{end box}}


==Quotes==
*''Without Garrincha, I would never have been a three-time world champion.'' - [[Pelé]]<ref name="lonestar"/>
*''Pelé was the best but Garrincha was better. Pelé was a machine, Garrincha was an artist. Garrincha was [[Stanley Matthews]], [[Tom Finney]] and a [[snake charmer]] all rolled into one.'' {{citation needed}}
*''He can dribble twenty players before scoring!'' &ndash; Nilton Santos, Brazilian teammate {{citation needed}}
*''He can dribble twenty players before scoring!'' &ndash; Nilton Santos, Brazilian teammate {{citation needed}}
*''He was never interested in money; he was simple and, for him, football was fun.'' &ndash; Elza Soares.<ref>Ben Lyttleton, [http://www.telegraphindia.com/1060515/asp/sports/story_6224192.asp 1962 was Garrincha’s finest moment], ''[[The Telegraph]]'', May 15, 2006</ref>
*''Pelé was an exceptional player, but Garrincha played with the ball as a kid with a toy.'' - [[Leonidas da Silva]]{{fact}}


==Trivia==
*''He was never interested in money; he was simple and, for him, football was fun.'' &ndash; Elza Soares. {{citation needed}}
[[Image:Garrincha-Estrela_Solitaria-poster.jpg|thumb|180px|Movie poster for ''Garrincha - Estrela Solitária'']]

===Trivia===
*Garrincha is known to have fathered at least 14 children.{{ref|14kids}}
*According to Ruy Castro's Book ''Garrincha: The Triumph and Tragedy of Brazil's Forgotten Footballing Hero'', he lost his virginity to a goat.<ref>[http://books.guardian.co.uk/reviews/sportandleisure/0,,1282497,00.html Guardian review of "Garrincha: The Triumph and Tragedy of Brazil's Forgotten Footballing Hero"]</ref>
*According to Ruy Castro's Book ''Garrincha: The Triumph and Tragedy of Brazil's Forgotten Footballing Hero'', he lost his virginity to a goat.<ref>[http://books.guardian.co.uk/reviews/sportandleisure/0,,1282497,00.html Guardian review of "Garrincha: The Triumph and Tragedy of Brazil's Forgotten Footballing Hero"]</ref>
*Garrincha never bothered about the 'details' of the game. When his team-mates were celebrating World Cup win, he was initially bemused, having been under the impression that the competition was more league-like and that Brazil would play all the other teams twice.<ref name="World Cup 2006">{{cite book | author = The Guardian' Newspaper June 5th, 2006 | coauthors = | title = World Cup 2006 Guide | year =2006 | editor = | pages =100 | chapter = | chapterurl = | publisher =The Guardian | location = London| id =ISBN 0-85177-972-7 | url = | format = | accessdate = }}</ref>
*The name Garrincha itself means "[[wren]]"{{ref|nickname}}. Besides women, activities involving songbirds were among Garrincha's greatest passions - specifically, he liked shooting them.
* During the 1962 World Cup quarter final between Brazil and England, a stray dog ran on to the pitch and evaded all of the players' efforts to catch it until [[England national football team|England]] striker [[Jimmy Greaves]] got down on all fours to beckon the animal. Though successful in catching the dog, it managed to urinate all over Greaves' England shirt. Greaves claimed that Garrincha thought the incident was so amusing that he took the dog home as a pet.<ref>{{cite web | title= 1962 World Cup quarter finals - Dog Incident | work=Guardian on guardian.co.uk | url=http://observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,,1786870,00.html | accessdate=September 09 | accessyear=2006}}</ref>
*Dubbed "Little Bird" Garrincha never bothered about the 'details' of the game. When his team-mates were celebrating World Cup win, he was initially bemused, having been under the impression that the competition was more league-like and that Brazil would play all the other teams twice. <ref name="World Cup 2006">{{cite book | author = The Guardian' Newspaper June 5th, 2006 | coauthors = | title = World Cup 2006 Guide | year =2006 | editor = | pages =100 | chapter = | chapterurl = | publisher =The Guardian | location = London| id =ISBN 0-85177-972-7 | url = | format = | accessdate = }}</ref>
*His career was presented in the 1962 film ''Garrincha, Alegria do Povo''.<ref>English title: "Garrincha: Hero of the Jungle". See [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0056010/ film information at IMDb.com]</ref> In 2003, a movie called ''Garrincha - Estrela Solitária'' ("Lonely Star"), based in Ruy Castro's book, depicted his life on and off the field.<ref>See [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0383373/ film information at IMDb.com]</ref>
*Brazil never lost when he and [[Pelé]] were on the same team.
*A 3-1 defeat to Hungary during [[1966 World Cup]] was the first time he lost in 60 Brazil appearances.{{ref|nickname}}
* During the 1962 World Cup Quarter Final between Brazil and England, a stray dog ran on to the pitch and evaded all of the players' efforts to catch it until [[England national football team|England]] striker [[Jimmy Greaves]] got down on all fours to beckon the animal. Though successful in catching the dog, it managed to urinate all over Greaves' England shirt. Greaves claimed that Garrincha thought the incident was so amusing that he took the dog home as a pet.{{ref|garrinchadog}}


==Literature==
==References and footnotes==
* {{cite book | author=Ruy Castro (English translation by Andrew Downie) | title=Garrincha - The triumph and tragedy of Brazil's forgotten footballing hero | publisher=Yellow Jersey Press, London| year=2005| id=ISBN 0-224-06433-9}}
* {{cite book |last= Bellos |first= Alex |title= Futebol: The Brazilian Way of Life |publisher= [[Bloomsbury]] |date= 2002 |id= ISBN 0-7475-6179-6 }}

==References and notes==
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==External links==
<!-- How to add a footnote:
*[http://fifaworldcup.yahoo.com/06/en/p/cp/bra/garrincha.html Official FIFA World Cup web site - Classic Players]
NOTE: Footnotes in this article use names, not numbers. Please see [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]] for details.
*[http://www.rsssf.com/miscellaneous/garrincha-intl.html Detail of international appearances and goals by RSSSF]
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*[http://www.ifhof.com/hof/garrincha.asp Profile at the International Football Hall of Fame]
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*[http://www.abc.net.au/worldcup2002/items/s544892.htm Biography on ABC Sport]
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#{{note|nickname}}{{cite web | title= Brazil look to spirit of 1962 | work=Telegraph on telegraph.co.uk | url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/main.jhtml?xml=/sport/2006/05/14/swcbra14.xml&sSheet=/sport/2006/05/14/ixfooty.html | accessdate=June 13 | accessyear=2006}}
#{{note|14kids}} {{cite web | title=Bad boy Garrincha remembered | work=Reuters article on rediff.com | url=http://www.rediff.com/sports/2004/oct/04garr.htm | accessdate=October 28 | accessyear=2005}}
#{{note|garrincha101}} {{cite web | title=Playing notes | work=Solar article | url=http://usr.solar.com.br/~juliocba/garrincha.htm |accessdate=May 10 | accessyear=2006}}
#{{note|garrincha121}} ''Garrincha'' 121.
#{{note|garrincha151}} ''Garrincha'' 151.
#{{note|garrincha156-7}} ''Garrincha'' 156&ndash;7.
#{{note|garrincha161-2}} ''Garrincha'' 161&ndash;2.
#{{note|rediff}} {{cite web | title=Bad boy Garrincha remembered | work=Reuters article on rediff.com | url=http://www.rediff.com/sports/2004/oct/04garr.htm | accessdate=October 28 | accessyear=2005}}
#{{note|garrinchadog}}{{cite web | title= 1962 World Cup Quarter Finals - Dog Incidenct | work=Guardian on guardian.co.uk | url=http://observer.guardian.co.uk/osm/story/0,,1786870,00.html | accessdate=September 09 | accessyear=2006}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book | author=Ruy Castro, Andrew Downie (translator) | title=Garrincha - The triumph and tragedy of Brazil's forgotten footballing hero | publisher=Yellow Jersey Press, London| year=2005| id=ISBN 0-224-06433-9}}
*[http://usr.solar.com.br/~juliocba/garrincha.htm Short biography with photos]
*[http://www.ifhof.com/hof/garrincha.asp International football hall of fame]
*[http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2002/04/09/stories/2002040903822100.htm Biography at ''The Hindu Online'']
*[http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2002/04/09/stories/2002040903822100.htm Biography at ''The Hindu Online'']
*[http://www.botafogonocoracao.com.br/historia/d_idolo.asp?idn=626 Profile at Botafogo's official web site]
*[http://usr.solar.com.br/~juliocba/garrincha.htm Tribute page including biography and photos]
*[http://www.brazilnow.info/books01.php?ID_Books_Title=59 Garrincha : The Triumph & Tragedy of Brazil's Forgotten Footballing Hero.] Review of Ruy Castro's biography.
*[http://www.brazilnow.info/books01.php?ID_Books_Title=59 Garrincha : The Triumph & Tragedy of Brazil's Forgotten Footballing Hero.] Review of Ruy Castro's biography.
*[http://www.abc.net.au/worldcup2002/items/s544892.htm Biography on ABC Sport]
*[http://www.sambafoot.com/en/players/286_Garrincha.html Sambafoot]
*[http://www.canalbotafogo.com.br Botafogo]



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{{succession box|title=[[FIFA World Cup awards#Golden Shoe - Top Goalscorers|FIFA World Cup Golden Shoe]]|before=[[Just Fontaine]] |after=[[Eusébio]]|years=[[1962 FIFA World Cup|1962]]<br/>Shared with: <br/>'''[[Dražan Jerković]],<br/>[[Vavá]], [[Flórián Albert]],<br/>[[Leonel Sánchez]] and <br/>[[Valentin Kozmich Ivanov|Valentin Ivanov]]''' }}
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Revision as of 04:44, 23 September 2006

Garrincha
File:Garrinchab&w.jpg
Personal information
Full name Manoel Francisco dos Santos
Height 1.69 m (5 ft 7 in)[1]
Position(s) Forward, winger

Manoel Francisco dos Santos (October 28, 1933 – January 20, 1983), known by the nickname "Garrincha" ("small bird"),[3] was a Brazilian football right winger and forward who helped the Brazil national team win the World Cups of 1958 and 1962. He is considered one of the best dribblers in football history,[4] and the best Brazilian player ever after Pelé.[5]

The word garrincha itself means wren.[6] Besides football and women, activities involving songbirds were among Garrincha's greatest passions; specifically, he liked shooting them. Garrincha was also known as Mané (short for Manoel) by his friends, a name which in Brazil also means "fool" or "half wit".[7] It was possibly used in that sense at some point –or even as a double entendre– due to Garrincha's child-like personality. The combined "Mané Garrincha" is common among fans in Brazil. Due to his inmense popularity in Brazil, he was also called Alegria do Povo (Joy of the people).

Biography

Garrincha was born in Pau Grande, a district of Magé, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, in 1933. He had several birth defects: his spine was deformed, his right leg bent inwards and his left leg six centimeters shorter and curved outwards; yet he still became one of the greatest players in football history, due to his ball handling, explosiveness and dribbling skills, along with being a very effective shooter and crosser. He had the ability to turn on himself at top speed, which he used to great effect. The constant attacks and goal opportunities he generated from individual plays on the right wing would often end on an accurate pass to a teammate in position to score.

The success he had on the football pitch had great contrast with his personal life. He drank heavily throughout his adult life, and was involved in several serious road accidents, notably a crash into a lorry in April 1969 which killed his mother-in-law.[8] He was married twice, first to Nair Marques in 1952 (they separated in 1965), a factory worker from Pau Grande with whom he had eight daughters, and second to Elza Soares, a samba singer whom he married in an unofficial ceremony in March 1966; they separated in 1977. He had other significant affairs, including one with showgirl Angelita Martinez,[citation needed] and he is known to have fathered at least 14 children.[3]

Garrincha died aged 49 of cirrhosis of the liver,[5] after a series of financial and marital problems. Seemingly, he was a forgotten hero –his last years had been unhappy and obscure– but his funeral procession, from the Maracana Stadium to Pau Grande, drew thousands of fans, friends and former players to pay their respects. His epitaph reads "Here rests in peace the one who was the Joy of the People – Mané Garrincha."[3] A multi-use stadium in Brasilia, Estádio Mané Garrincha, is named after him.

Club career

Garrincha's footballing talent was not discovered until his late teens. He was already married and a father when he signed for Botafogo in 1953. Team officials were ecstatic to learn that he was over 18 and able to be treated as a professional. In his first training session, he demonstrated his skills by dribbling the ball through the legs of Nilton Santos, a Brazilian international defender, who then requested himself for Garrincha to be hired.[9] He played in a 5-0 win for Botafogo's reserves and then scored a hat trick on his first-team début against Bonsucesso on 19 July 1953.

Garrincha continued to play well, but Brazil had other talented players in his position, notably Julinho, so he was not named in the squad for the 1954 World Cup. He helped Botafogo win the Brazilian Championship in 1957 and this convinced the national team selectors to name him to the 1958 World Cup squad.

After the 1962 World Cup, Garrincha returned to Rio and carried Botafogo to victory in the 1962 Campeonato Carioca final against Flamengo.[9]

Garrincha was a member of Botafogo for 12 years, the bulk of his professional career. He won the Campeonato Brasileiro once and the Campeonato Carioca three times with them, scored 232 goals in 581 matches, and became a symbol of the history of the club.

In 1966, with his career declining, he was sold to Corinthians. Two years later, he signed for Colombian team Atlético Junior. The same year he went back to Brazil and joined Flamengo, where he would stay until 1969.

In 1971, there were rumours that Garrincha, 34, would join French club Red Star FC 93, but he never signed and returned to Brazil.[10]

Garrincha's professional career as a footballer stretched until 1972, when he played for Olaria, but he played occasional exhibition matches until 1982.[11]

National team

Drawing of Garrincha wearing Brazil's uniform, by Fabio Messina

Garrincha played 50 international matches for Brazil between 1955 and 1966, and appeared in the 1958, 1962 and 1966 World Cups. Brazil only lost one match with him on the pitch, against Hungary at the 1966 World Cup. Pelé did not play the game against Hungary, and thus Brazil never lost when Garrincha and he were on the same team.

His first cap was against Chile in Rio de Janeiro in 1955. He played two matches at the Copa America of 1957 and four in the 1959 edition.

1958 World Cup

Garrincha was not picked for Brazil's first two matches of the 1958 tournament, but started their third match against the USSR. This was the World Cup debut match for both him and Pelé. The Soviets were one of the favourites for the tournament, and the Brazilians had been nervous about playing them. Their manager, Vicente Feola, decided to attack directly from the kick off; Garrincha received the ball on the right wing, beat three opposing players and took a shot which hit the post. With the match still less than a minute old, he set up a chance for Pelé, who hit the crossbar,[7] and continually caused problems for the Soviet defence. Brazil won the match, 2-0.

In the final against Sweden, Brazil fell behind 0-1 early, but rapidly equalized after Garrincha surpassed his marker on the right wing and sent a cross for Vavá to score. Before the end of the first half, Garrincha made a similar play, again assisting Vavá for the 2-1. Brazil ended winning the match and its first World Cup trophy, with Garrincha being one of the best players of the tournament.

1958-1962

Garrincha put on weight after the World Cup, partly because of his drinking, so he was dropped from the national team for a friendly match in Rio against England on 13 May 1959. Later that month, he went on tour with Botafogo in Sweden and got a local girl pregnant.[citation needed] When he returned to Brazil, he drove home to Pau Grande and ran over his father, Amaro. He drove off without stopping, with an angry mob chasing him, and when they caught up with him they found him "drunk, almost catatonic, and with no grasp of what he had done."[citation needed] In August, his wife, Nair, gave birth to their fifth child, and his mistress Iraci announced her first pregnancy. His father died of liver cancer on October 10 having been dependent on alcohol for years.

1962 World Cup

Garrincha was the outstanding player of the 1962 FIFA World Cup. When Pelé suffered an injury after the second match and was sidelined for the rest of the tournament, Garrincha played a leading role in Brazil's triumph, excelling particularly against England and Chile, scoring 4 goals in those two matches.

After one win and one draw, Brazil faced Spain, without Pelé. The South Americans were losing 0-1 in the second half. Amarildo, Pelé's substitute for the remainder of the tournament, scored the equalizer. Five minutes before the end, Garrincha took the ball on the right flank, dribbled past a defender and paused. Then he dribbled the same man and another defender,[12] and sent a cross to Amarildo, who scored again to win the match.[13]

In quarterfinals against England, Garrincha opened the score with a header off a corner kick. England equalized before halftime. In the second half, Vava scored the 2-1 off a rebound on a shot by Garrincha, who minutes later, at that moment positioned towards the center of the pitch, received a ball outside the penalty area, made a pause, and sent a curved shot –known as the "banana" shot– into the bottom of the net for the final 3-1 on which Brazil advanced to semifinals.

He scored two more goals in the semifinal against Chile, as Brazil went on to win 4-2. His first goal was a 20-yard left-foot shot; the second one, a header.[14] After Brazil eliminated the host team and advanced to the final, a headline on Chilean newspaper EL Mercurio read: "What planet is Garrincha from?"[5] Garrincha was sent off that match after 83 minutes for retaliating the fouls he suffered. However, he was not suspended for the following match.

Brazil faced Czechoslovakia in the final. That day, Garrincha was below the level shown in the previous two matches, but that did not prevent Brazil from winning 3-1 and him from getting voted player of the tournament.[5] It was the second consecutive World Cup won by Garrincha and Brazil.

1966 World Cup

In the first match of the tournament, a 2-0 win against Bulgaria, Garrincha scored from a direct free kick. Then Brazil lost 1-3 to Hungary, in Garrincha's last ever international match, which was the only time Garrincha lost a match with the Brazil national team. He did not play in the last match of the first round against Portugal. Brazil was eliminated in the first round.


On December 19, 1973, a farewell match for Garrincha between a FIFA World team and Brazil was celebrated at the Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, in front of 131,000 spectators.[15]

Honours

Individual

  • World Cup top scorer: 1962 (tied)
  • World Cup Player of the Tournament: 1962
Preceded by FIFA World Cup Golden Shoe
1962
Shared with:
Dražan Jerković,
Vavá, Flórián Albert,
Leonel Sánchez and
Valentin Ivanov 		Succeeded by

Quotes

  • Without Garrincha, I would never have been a three-time world champion. - Pelé[2]
  • Pelé was the best but Garrincha was better. Pelé was a machine, Garrincha was an artist. Garrincha was Stanley Matthews, Tom Finney and a snake charmer all rolled into one. [citation needed]
  • He can dribble twenty players before scoring! – Nilton Santos, Brazilian teammate [citation needed]
  • He was never interested in money; he was simple and, for him, football was fun. – Elza Soares.[16]
  • Pelé was an exceptional player, but Garrincha played with the ball as a kid with a toy. - Leonidas da Silva[citation needed]

Trivia

File:Garrincha-Estrela Solitaria-poster.jpg
Movie poster for Garrincha - Estrela Solitária
  • According to Ruy Castro's Book Garrincha: The Triumph and Tragedy of Brazil's Forgotten Footballing Hero, he lost his virginity to a goat.[17]
  • Garrincha never bothered about the 'details' of the game. When his team-mates were celebrating World Cup win, he was initially bemused, having been under the impression that the competition was more league-like and that Brazil would play all the other teams twice.[18]
  • During the 1962 World Cup quarter final between Brazil and England, a stray dog ran on to the pitch and evaded all of the players' efforts to catch it until England striker Jimmy Greaves got down on all fours to beckon the animal. Though successful in catching the dog, it managed to urinate all over Greaves' England shirt. Greaves claimed that Garrincha thought the incident was so amusing that he took the dog home as a pet.[19]
  • His career was presented in the 1962 film Garrincha, Alegria do Povo.[20] In 2003, a movie called Garrincha - Estrela Solitária ("Lonely Star"), based in Ruy Castro's book, depicted his life on and off the field.[21]

Literature

  • Ruy Castro (English translation by Andrew Downie) (2005). Garrincha - The triumph and tragedy of Brazil's forgotten footballing hero. Yellow Jersey Press, London. ISBN 0-224-06433-9.
  • Bellos, Alex (2002). Futebol: The Brazilian Way of Life. Bloomsbury. ISBN 0-7475-6179-6.

References and notes

  1. ^ World Cup Champions Squads 1930 - 2002, by RSSSF
  2. ^ a b FIFA Magazine, April 1997 - http://www.fifa.com/fifa/pub/magazine/fm4-97.12.html
  3. ^ a b c "Bad boy Garrincha remembered". Reuters article on rediff.com. Retrieved October 28. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ International Football Hall of Fame - Garrincha
  5. ^ a b c d FIFA.com Classic Football - Garrincha
  6. ^ "Brazil look to spirit of 1962". Telegraph on telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved June 13. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ a b Fish, Robert L. (1977). My Life and The Beautiful Game: The Autobiography of Pelé. Doubleday & Company, Inc. p. 4. ISBN 0-385-12185-7.
  8. ^ Futebol 106.
  9. ^ a b Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas official web site - Garrincha bio
  10. ^ Template:Fr icon "Garrincha to Red Star!" - allezredstar.com
  11. ^ "Playing notes". Solar article. Retrieved May 10. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ "Mané Garrincha, Alegria do Povo"
  13. ^ "Brazil in the 1962 World Cup" - v-brazil.com
  14. ^ "Icons of the World Cup" - The Sportstar, Vol. 25, No. 17; Apr. 27 - May 03, 2002.
  15. ^ FIFA XI Matches - RSSSF
  16. ^ Ben Lyttleton, 1962 was Garrincha’s finest moment, The Telegraph, May 15, 2006
  17. ^ Guardian review of "Garrincha: The Triumph and Tragedy of Brazil's Forgotten Footballing Hero"
  18. ^ The Guardian' Newspaper June 5th, 2006 (2006). World Cup 2006 Guide. London: The Guardian. p. 100. ISBN 0-85177-972-7. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |chapterurl= and |coauthors= (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  19. ^ "1962 World Cup quarter finals - Dog Incident". Guardian on guardian.co.uk. Retrieved September 09. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
  20. ^ English title: "Garrincha: Hero of the Jungle". See film information at IMDb.com
  21. ^ See film information at IMDb.com
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