Paroli (uniform): Difference between revisions
←Created page with '{{translation/ref|de|Paroli (Uniform)}} thumb|200px|<center>Parolis on the battle-dress blouse of a k.k. Landesschütze '''''Paroli(...' |
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{{Short description|Uniform element in the Austro-Hungarian Army}} |
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{{translation/ref|de|Paroli (Uniform)}} |
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[[File:Landesschütze.png|thumb|200px| |
{{More citations needed|date=September 2023}}[[File:Landesschütze.png|thumb|200px|{{center|''Broad Parolis'' on battle-dress blouse before 1916}}]] |
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[[File:Stabsfeldwebel K.u.k. Eisenbahnregiment.png|thumb|200px|{{center|''Broad Paroli'' with ''silke stars'' and ''special badge'' after 1913}}]] |
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'''''Paroli |
The '''''Paroli''''' (pl. ''Parolis''; en: [[gorget]] patch, collar tab, or patch) was initially the designation for the coloured [[gorget patches]] of the [[Austro-Hungarian Army]]. It is applied on the [[gorget]] of a uniform coat or jacket and the battle-dress blouse. The ''Parolis'' indicated the [[Waffenfarbe (Austria)|egalisation colour]] and served as discrimination criteria of the 102 infantry regiments of the Austro-Hungarian Army, as well as [[dragoon]] regiment (mounted infantry) and the regiment of the [[uhlan]]s (light cavalry). In other German-speaking armed forces, the designation was called ''Kragenpatte, Kragenspiegel, or Arabesque''. |
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== |
== Paroli in the Austro-Hungarian Army == |
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In the |
In the Austro-Hungarian Army, two '''''Parolis''''' (on the left and right side) were applied to the front part of the uniform [[gorget]] on the coat, ''[[Waffenrock]]'' (en: service uniform, dress uniform and/or battle-dress blouse), as indicated below. Rank stars and special badges could be attached as appropriate and indicated below. |
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* On uniform coat – a curved tongue with the upward-directed point, the lower end of the point broadens with a bottom in the center. |
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*On battle-dress blouse with stand-up collar – ''broad Parolis'' were covering approximately 1/5th of the [[gorget]] length. Rank stars, color stripes of cloth, piping, and special badges were attached to the front area. |
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*After 1916, ''broad Parolis'' were replaced by ''smaller ones'', with vertical color stripes of cloth on the end. |
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The rank stars of the rank groups [[gemeine]], [[Charges (military)| |
The rank stars of the rank groups [[gemeine]], [[Charges (military)|charge]]s, and ''[[Unteroffizier]]e'' (NCOs) were made from white [[celluloid]]. However, since the year 1913 ''Paroli'' rank stars to [[Stabsfeldwebel]] and ''[[Kadett]]'' were made from white silk. ''[[Offiziersstellvertreter]]'' (officer deputy) rank stars were made from brass, and the rank stars designated for ''[[Fähnrich]]'' and officers were metallic gold-plated or silver-plated. In cases of self-procurement, metal embroidered rank stars were allowed. |
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=== Examples === |
=== Examples === |
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{{main|Rank insignia of the Austro-Hungarian armed forces|Waffenfarbe (Austria)|Adjustierung}} |
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The galleries below show examples of ''Parolis'' |
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*on the picke-grey battle-dress blouse or coat, as per order of 1908 or 1916 |
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The galleries below show examples of ''Parolis:'' |
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<gallery widths="100px" perrow="4"> |
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*on the pike-grey battle-dress blouse or coat, as per order of 1908 or 1916 |
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Paroli Mantel.png|<center>''[[Gemeiner]]'', Paroli in sulphur-yellow on coat |
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<gallery widths="100px" perrow="4" class="center"> |
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Gefreiter M16.png|<center>[[Gefreiter]], Paroli in orange-yellow, 1916 |
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Paroli Mantel.png|''Paroli on coat'' with curved tongue in sulphur-yellow |
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Korporal M16 hg.png|<center>[[Korporal]], Paroli in aple-gree, 1908 |
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Korporal M16 hg.png| ''Paroli broad version'' in apple-green, with celluloid stars, 1908 |
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Gefreiter M16.png| ''Paroli small version'' with orange-yellow stripe of cloth, 1916 |
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Feldwebel M16.png|[[Feldwebel]], Paroli in scarlet-red, 1916 |
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Offzstellv M16 gg.png| ''Offiziersstellvertreter'', Paroli in grass-green, with brass star, 1916 |
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Olt M16 gg.png|''[[Oberleutnant]]'', Paroli in black, with gold-plated stars, 1916 |
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Oberst M16 gg.png|''[[Oberst]]'', Paroli in dark-red, 1916 |
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Kuk Feldmarschall 1918.png|''[[Feldmarschall]]'', Paroli in crab-red, 1916 |
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</gallery> |
</gallery> |
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* Special ''Parolis'' on the |
* Special ''Parolis'' on the pike-grey battle-dress blouse, as per the order of 1916 |
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<gallery widths="100px" perrow="3" class="center"> |
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<gallery> |
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HptmGenstb M16.png| |
HptmGenstb M16.png|''[[Hauptmann]] in the General staff '' <small>(Hauptmann im Generalstabes)</small> |
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HptmArtstab M16.png|''Hauptmann in the Artillery staff'' <small>(... im Artilleriestab, with egalisation colour on smaller stripe of cloth and piping)</small> |
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HptmGeniest M16.png|''Hauptmann in the Engineer staff'' <small>(... im Geniestab)</small> |
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</gallery> |
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HptmGeniest M16.png|<center>''Hauptmann in the Engineer staff'' <small>(Hauptmann im Geniestab)</small> |
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</gallery> |
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== Paroli in Austria today == |
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; See also: |
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{{main|Ranks of the Austrian Bundesheer}} |
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{{main|Rank insignia of the Austro-Hungarian armed forces|Waffenfarbe (Austria)|Adjustierung}} |
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[[File:Mantelparoli 1652.jpg|thumb|130px|{{center|''Paroli'' on coat of an Austrian fire fighter}}]] |
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<!-- |
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The system of rank insignia on military uniforms remains almost unchanged since the Austro-Hungarian Empire was established. Slight changes in wording has occurred, such as changing "paroli with distinction star" to "distinction insignia". However, today only the curved tongue on the coat with the upwards directed point is designated as ''Paroli''. |
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==Austrian corps colour today == |
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In Österreich ist am System der Uniformrangabzeichen seit der Monarchie nahezu alles so geblieben, wie es war. Man hat im Laufe der Zeit lediglich die Bezeichnung verändert, und aus den '''Parolis mit Distinktionssternen''' sind die '''Distinktionsabzeichen''' geworden. |
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Als Beispiel sind Distinktionsabzeichen des Bundesheeres abgebildet. |
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The gallery below shows some examples of the today's [[Austrian Bundesheer]]. |
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{| class="prettytable" align="center" |
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{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center;" |
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|+ Bundesheer |
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|+ ''Bundesheer'' |
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|- align="center" style="font-weight:bold;" |
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! Rang |
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| [[Zugsführer]] <br /> Zgf |
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| [[Korporal]] <br /> Kpl |
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| [[Gefreiter]] <br /> Gfr |
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|- |
|- |
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! align="center" colspan="2" | Rank |
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! Abzeichen |
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! ''[[Zugsführer]]'' !! ''[[Korporal]]'' !! ''[[Gefreiter]]'' |
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| align="center" | [[File:Zgf-aut-feldanzug.gif|75px]] |
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|- |
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| align="center" | [[File:Kpl-aut-feldanzug.gif|75px]] |
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| rowspan="3" | Insignia |
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| align="center" | [[File:Gefr-aut-feldanzug.gif|75px]] |
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| Shoulder board |
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| [[File:Zgf-aut-feldanzug.gif|60px]] || [[File:Kpl-aut-feldanzug.gif|60px]] || [[File:Gefr-aut-feldanzug.gif|60px]] |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" | Suit 75/3 |
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| [[File:Zgf Anzug 75 03 AT.jpg|60px]] || [[File:Kpl Anzug 75 03 AT.jpg|60px]] || [[File:Gefr Anzug 75 03 AT.jpg|60px]] |
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|- |
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| style="text-align:left;" | Jacket [[gorget]] |
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| [[File:Zgf Rockkragen AT.jpg|55px]] || [[File:Kpl Rockkragen AT.jpg|55px]] || [[File:Gefr Rockkragen AT.jpg|55px]] |
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|- |
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| colspan="2" | Corps colour |
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! style="background:#21421E; color:white;"| <small>Engineers</small> |
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! style="background:#6B8E23; color:white;"| <small>Skirmishing patrol</small> |
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! style="background:#0047AB; color:white;"| <small>NBC-Defence</small> |
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|} |
|} |
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== Paroli in Hungary today == |
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[[File:Mantelparoli 1652.jpg|left|thumb|hochkant|120px|Beispiel einer Mantelparoli bei der Feuerwehr]] |
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{{main|Military ranks of Hungary}} |
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Als Paroli wird im heutigen Sinn nur mehr die geschweifte Zunge am Mantelkragen mit der nach hinten weisenden Spitze bezeichnet. |
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[[File:Military of Hungary-welcome.jpg|thumb|200px|{{center|''Paroli'' on a jacket of a Hungarian Officer}}]] |
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The system of rank insignia on military uniforms remains almost unchanged since the Austro-Hungarian Empire was established except the Soviet occupation. In 1990 when Hungary became a sovereign country again, the HDF took on heritage rank insignia of the Royal Hungarian Army with slight changes. Today these gorget patches are still called ''Paroli''. |
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[[File:Sándor Tamás vezérőrnagy.jpg|thumb|Major General Tamás Sándor]] |
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The gallery below shows an example of the today's [[Hungarian Defence Forces]]. |
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; See also: |
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{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center;" |
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{{main|Ranks of the Austrian Bundesheer}} |
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|+ ''Hungarian Defence Forces'' |
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--> |
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|- |
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! align="center" colspan="2" | Rank |
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! ''[[Chief Warrant Officer]]'' |
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|- |
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| rowspan="3" | Insignia |
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| Jacket [[gorget]] |
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| [[File:Rank Army Hungary Color 4 OR-10.svg|60px]] |
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|} |
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===Branch colours=== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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|- |
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! colspan=2| Colour |
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! Branch<ref>{{cite web |title=9/2005. (III. 30.) HM rendelet a Magyar Honvédség Öltözködési Szabályzatának kiadásáról |url=https://njt.hu/jogszabaly/2005-9-20-15 |website=njt.hu/ |publisher=Hungarian National Legal Repository |access-date=27 January 2023 |language=hu}}</ref> |
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|- |
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| style="background:#C30B4E" | |
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| [[Carmine (color)|Carmine]] |
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| Logistics |
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|- |
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| style="background:red" | |
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| [[Scarlet (color)|Scarlet]] |
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| Artillery, Air defence and General Officers |
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|- |
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| style="background:#6495ED" | |
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| [[Cornflower blue]] |
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| Signals and Electronics |
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|- |
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| style="background:black" | |
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| [[Black (color)|Black]] |
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| Armoured and Chaplains |
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|- |
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| style="background:#3AB09E" | |
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| Steel green |
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| Technical, Chemical protection and Financial |
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|- |
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| style="background:#45B1E8" | |
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| [[Light blue]] |
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| Air Force |
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|- |
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| style="background:#355E3B" | |
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| [[Rifle green]] |
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| Infantry |
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|- |
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| style="background:white" | |
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| [[White (color)|White]] |
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| Reconnaissance and Special Forces |
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|- |
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| style="background:#00008B" | |
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| [[Dark blue (color)|Dark blue]] |
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| River Flotilla |
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|} |
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== Sources == |
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==References/sources== |
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<references /> |
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* ''Adjustierungsvorschrift für die k. u. k. gemeinsame Armee, die k.k. Landwehr, die k.u. Landwehr, die verbundenen Einrichtungen und das Corps der Militär-Beamten.'' (Theil III) Herausgegeben mit Genehmigung des k.u.k. Kriegsministeriums durch die k.u.k. Hofdruckerei von Erich Christl, Bozen 1912. |
* ''Adjustierungsvorschrift für die k. u. k. gemeinsame Armee, die k.k. Landwehr, die k.u. Landwehr, die verbundenen Einrichtungen und das Corps der Militär-Beamten.'' (Theil III) Herausgegeben mit Genehmigung des k.u.k. Kriegsministeriums durch die k.u.k. Hofdruckerei von Erich Christl, Bozen 1912. |
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* Johann C. Allmayer-Beck, Erich Lessing: ''Die K.u.k. Armee. 1848–1918''. Verlag Bertelsmann, München 1974, ISBN |
* Johann C. Allmayer-Beck, Erich Lessing: ''Die K.u.k. Armee. 1848–1918''. Verlag Bertelsmann, München 1974, {{ISBN|3-570-07287-8}}. |
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* Stefan Rest: ''Des Kaisers Rock im ersten Weltkrieg''. Verlag Militaria, Wien 2002, ISBN |
* Stefan Rest: ''Des Kaisers Rock im ersten Weltkrieg''. Verlag Militaria, Wien 2002, {{ISBN|3-9501642-0-0}} |
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* ''Das k.u.k. Heer im Jahre 1895'' Schriften des Heeresgeschichtlichen Museums in Wien - Leopold Stocker Verlag, Graz 1997 |
* ''Das k.u.k. Heer im Jahre 1895'' Schriften des Heeresgeschichtlichen Museums in Wien - Leopold Stocker Verlag, Graz 1997 |
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{{Military of Austria-Hungary}} |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
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<references /> |
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[[Paroli (uniform)]] |
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{{Military of Austria-Hungary}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT: Paroli uniform}} |
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[[Category:Military insignia]] |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Paroli uniform}} |
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[[Category:Austro-Hungarian Army]] |
[[Category:Austro-Hungarian Army]] |
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[[Category:Military insignia]] |
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[[Category:Military of Austria-Hungary]] |
[[Category:Military of Austria-Hungary]] |
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[[Category:Military ranks of Austria]] |
[[Category:Military ranks of Austria]] |
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[[de:Paroli (Uniform)]] |
Latest revision as of 03:06, 27 April 2024
This article needs additional citations for verification. (September 2023) |
The Paroli (pl. Parolis; en: gorget patch, collar tab, or patch) was initially the designation for the coloured gorget patches of the Austro-Hungarian Army. It is applied on the gorget of a uniform coat or jacket and the battle-dress blouse. The Parolis indicated the egalisation colour and served as discrimination criteria of the 102 infantry regiments of the Austro-Hungarian Army, as well as dragoon regiment (mounted infantry) and the regiment of the uhlans (light cavalry). In other German-speaking armed forces, the designation was called Kragenpatte, Kragenspiegel, or Arabesque.
Paroli in the Austro-Hungarian Army
[edit]In the Austro-Hungarian Army, two Parolis (on the left and right side) were applied to the front part of the uniform gorget on the coat, Waffenrock (en: service uniform, dress uniform and/or battle-dress blouse), as indicated below. Rank stars and special badges could be attached as appropriate and indicated below.
- On uniform coat – a curved tongue with the upward-directed point, the lower end of the point broadens with a bottom in the center.
- On battle-dress blouse with stand-up collar – broad Parolis were covering approximately 1/5th of the gorget length. Rank stars, color stripes of cloth, piping, and special badges were attached to the front area.
- After 1916, broad Parolis were replaced by smaller ones, with vertical color stripes of cloth on the end.
The rank stars of the rank groups gemeine, charges, and Unteroffiziere (NCOs) were made from white celluloid. However, since the year 1913 Paroli rank stars to Stabsfeldwebel and Kadett were made from white silk. Offiziersstellvertreter (officer deputy) rank stars were made from brass, and the rank stars designated for Fähnrich and officers were metallic gold-plated or silver-plated. In cases of self-procurement, metal embroidered rank stars were allowed.
Examples
[edit]The galleries below show examples of Parolis:
- on the pike-grey battle-dress blouse or coat, as per order of 1908 or 1916
-
Paroli on coat with curved tongue in sulphur-yellow
-
Paroli broad version in apple-green, with celluloid stars, 1908
-
Paroli small version with orange-yellow stripe of cloth, 1916
-
Feldwebel, Paroli in scarlet-red, 1916
-
Offiziersstellvertreter, Paroli in grass-green, with brass star, 1916
-
Oberleutnant, Paroli in black, with gold-plated stars, 1916
-
Oberst, Paroli in dark-red, 1916
-
Feldmarschall, Paroli in crab-red, 1916
- Special Parolis on the pike-grey battle-dress blouse, as per the order of 1916
-
Hauptmann in the General staff (Hauptmann im Generalstabes)
-
Hauptmann in the Artillery staff (... im Artilleriestab, with egalisation colour on smaller stripe of cloth and piping)
-
Hauptmann in the Engineer staff (... im Geniestab)
Paroli in Austria today
[edit]The system of rank insignia on military uniforms remains almost unchanged since the Austro-Hungarian Empire was established. Slight changes in wording has occurred, such as changing "paroli with distinction star" to "distinction insignia". However, today only the curved tongue on the coat with the upwards directed point is designated as Paroli.
The gallery below shows some examples of the today's Austrian Bundesheer.
Rank | Zugsführer | Korporal | Gefreiter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Insignia | Shoulder board | |||
Suit 75/3 | ||||
Jacket gorget | ||||
Corps colour | Engineers | Skirmishing patrol | NBC-Defence |
Paroli in Hungary today
[edit]The system of rank insignia on military uniforms remains almost unchanged since the Austro-Hungarian Empire was established except the Soviet occupation. In 1990 when Hungary became a sovereign country again, the HDF took on heritage rank insignia of the Royal Hungarian Army with slight changes. Today these gorget patches are still called Paroli.
The gallery below shows an example of the today's Hungarian Defence Forces.
Rank | Chief Warrant Officer | |
---|---|---|
Insignia | Jacket gorget |
Branch colours
[edit]Colour | Branch[1] | |
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Carmine | Logistics | |
Scarlet | Artillery, Air defence and General Officers | |
Cornflower blue | Signals and Electronics | |
Black | Armoured and Chaplains | |
Steel green | Technical, Chemical protection and Financial | |
Light blue | Air Force | |
Rifle green | Infantry | |
White | Reconnaissance and Special Forces | |
Dark blue | River Flotilla |
Sources
[edit]- Adjustierungsvorschrift für die k. u. k. gemeinsame Armee, die k.k. Landwehr, die k.u. Landwehr, die verbundenen Einrichtungen und das Corps der Militär-Beamten. (Theil III) Herausgegeben mit Genehmigung des k.u.k. Kriegsministeriums durch die k.u.k. Hofdruckerei von Erich Christl, Bozen 1912.
- Johann C. Allmayer-Beck, Erich Lessing: Die K.u.k. Armee. 1848–1918. Verlag Bertelsmann, München 1974, ISBN 3-570-07287-8.
- Stefan Rest: Des Kaisers Rock im ersten Weltkrieg. Verlag Militaria, Wien 2002, ISBN 3-9501642-0-0
- Das k.u.k. Heer im Jahre 1895 Schriften des Heeresgeschichtlichen Museums in Wien - Leopold Stocker Verlag, Graz 1997
References
[edit]- ^ "9/2005. (III. 30.) HM rendelet a Magyar Honvédség Öltözködési Szabályzatának kiadásáról". njt.hu/ (in Hungarian). Hungarian National Legal Repository. Retrieved 27 January 2023.