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<!--See the Table at Infobox settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->
<!--See the Table at Infobox settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->
<!-- Basic info ---------------->
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|name = Đakovica
|name =
|official_name = ''Đakovica'' / ''Gjakovë'' / Ђаковица
|official_name = Gjakovë
|settlement_type = Municipality and city
|settlement_type = Municipality and city
|mayor = PAL LEKAJ
|mayor = PAL LEKAJ
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== Names ==
== Names ==
[[File:Gjakova Naten.jpg|thumb|left|Street in the Đakovica old town; the architecture reflects its [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] heritage.]]
[[File:Gjakova Naten.jpg|thumb|left|Street in the Đakovica old town; the architecture reflects its [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] heritage.]]
⚫
The name 'Đakovica' is Serbian, which can be easily distinguished by the ''-vica'' suffix, which means "little". The Albanian name for the town is ''Gjakova''. It is hard to tell which of the two names influenced the other. There are a number of theories concerning the name of the town: that it derives from the Serbian word [[wikt:đak|đak]] (pupil) from earlier ''[[wikt:dijak|d(i)jak]]'';<ref name="amazon.com">[http://www.amazon.com/Wars-Balkan-Peninsula-Medieval-Origins/dp/0810858460 Book: Alexandru Madgearu, The Wars of the Balkan Peninsula: Their Medieval Origins]</ref><ref>[[Mirjana Detelić]]: Градови у хришћанској и муслиманској епици, Belgrade, 2004 ISBN 86-7179-039-8</ref> or that it derives from the Albanian word for "blood" (''[[wikt:gjak|gjak]]'').<ref>Malcolm, Noel; Kosovo-A Short History, Harper Perennial, 1999, ISBN 978-0-06-097775-7</ref> Around 1594 or 1595, Hadum Suleiman Aga Hadum Efendia-built mosque{{vague|date=March 2013}}, which also bears the name of the donor-sponsors of the facility in town. Hadum Mosque, according to tradition, was built in property of Jakë Vula, a landlord with obviously an Albanian name and surname, hence the name would become the city – ''Jakovë''. Furthermore, it is also plausible to conclude that the initial town name, Jakovë, may in fact represent an Albanian way of pronouncing the otherwise south Slavic (Serbian) genitive case 'Jakova', as in "(zemlja) Jakova", meaning "(the land) of Jakov", as is the case with many other place names in ''Kosovo'', including the word ''Kosovë'' itself (the defintite article form being ''Kosova''). which might easily have been one word within a full name - ''polje kosova'' (the field of blackbirds).
The name ''Đakovica'' (Cyrillic: Ђаковица) is [[Serbian language|Serbian]] ({{IPA-sh|d͡ʑâkɔʋit͡sa|pron}}), distinguished by the ''-vica'' suffix, which means "little". [[Albanian language|Albanian]] names are ''Gjakova'' and ''Gjakovë''. The modern [[Turkish language|Turkish]] name is ''Yakova'' but during the [[Ottoman Empire]] (when Turkish was written in a modified [[Arabic script]]), the name of the town in English was ''Jakova''.<ref>Paperspast: http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=EP19040409.2.56&l=mi&e=-------10--1----0--)</ref>

==Etymology==

{{cite check|date=February 2013}}
⚫
It is hard to tell which of the names influenced the other. There are a number of theories concerning the name of the town: that it derives from the Serbian word [[wikt:đak|đak]] (pupil) from earlier ''[[wikt:dijak|d(i)jak]]'';<ref name="amazon.com">[http://www.amazon.com/Wars-Balkan-Peninsula-Medieval-Origins/dp/0810858460 Book: Alexandru Madgearu, The Wars of the Balkan Peninsula: Their Medieval Origins]</ref><ref>[[Mirjana Detelić]]: Градови у хришћанској и муслиманској епици, Belgrade, 2004 ISBN 86-7179-039-8</ref>{{verify source|date=February 2013}} or that it derives from the Albanian word for "blood" (''[[wikt:gjak|gjak]]'').<ref>Malcolm, Noel; Kosovo-A Short History, Harper Perennial, 1999, ISBN 978-0-06-097775-7</ref>{{verify source|date=February 2013}} Around 1594 or 1595, Hadum Suleiman Aga Hadum Efendia-built mosque, which also bears the name of the donor-sponsors of the facility in town. Hadum Mosque, according to tradition, was built in property of Jakë Vula, an Albanian landlord, hence the name would become the city – ''Jakovë''.{{citation needed|date=May 2013}} Furthermore, it is also plausible to conclude that the initial town name, Jakovë, may in fact represent an Albanian way of pronouncing the otherwise south Slavic (Serbian) genitive case 'Jakova', as in "(zemlja) Jakova", meaning "(the land) of Jakov", as is the case with many other place names in ''Kosovo'', including the word ''Kosovë'' itself (the defintite article form being ''Kosova''), which might easily have been one word within a full name – ''polje kosova'' (the field of blackbirds).{{or|date=February 2013}}

In the extensive Ottoman Empire list of the 1485, Yakova (the Turkish name) was mentioned as a village with 67 households and one rural priest. All personal names in this list are Serbian, except two who may have been of Albanian origin.{{Citation needed|date=February 2012}}


== Demographics ==
== Demographics ==
According to the 2011 census, the population of Đakovica was 94,556<ref name="Census2011" /> (40,827 urban and 53,729 rural). The male figure was 47,226 and the female figure was 47,330.
According to the 2011 census, resident population in Gjakova in 2011 was 94,556 of which urban 40,827 and rural 53,729 and male 47,226 and female 47,330. Of these, ethnicly Albanian were 87,672, Egyptian 5,117, Roma 738, Ashkali 613, Bosnian 73, Serb 17, Turk 16, Gorani 13 and others.<ref name="Census2011" />

===Ethnic figures===
*[[Albanians]], 87,672
*[[Balkan Egyptians|Egyptian]], 5,117
*[[Roma people|Roma]], 738
*[[Ashkali]], 613
*[[Bosniaks]] 73
*[[Serbs]] 17
*[[Turks]] 16
*[[Gorani]] 13
*''(others outstanding)''


By religion, 77,299 were [[Islam|Muslims]], 16,296 [[Roman Catholics]], 22 [[Christian Orthodox]], and 142 of other faiths, 129 had no religion.<ref name="Census2011" />
Of those that answered, Muslim were 77,299, Catholic 16,296, Christian Orthodox 22, Other 142, no religion 129.<ref name="Census2011" />


== History ==
== History ==
Line 134: Line 116:


===Aftermath of Kosovo war===
===Aftermath of Kosovo war===
Most of the Albanian population returned following the end of the war. In 2001 free elections were held, with a majority won by LDK. Thousands of new stores were rebuilt. Qarshia e Madhe is an example where hundreds of stores were destroyed during the war; in 2001 as many were rebuilt as they had been before the war. New television and radio media were launched such as Radio Gjakova, Radio Pandora, Radio Amadeus, and TV Syri. Local businesses set up manufacturing enterprises such as the IMN brick factory.
Most of the Albanian population returned following the end of the war. In 2001 free elections were held, with a majority won by LDK. Thousands of new stores were rebuilt. Qarshia e Madhe is a good example where hundreds of stores were destroyed during the war; in 2001 as many were rebuilt as they had been before the war. New television and radio media were launched such as Radio Gjakova, Radio Pandora, Radio Amadeus, and TV Syri. Local businesses set up manufacturing enterprises such as the IMN brick factory was one of these.


== Geography and population ==
== Geography and population ==
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[[Category:Municipalities of Kosovo]]
[[Category:Municipalities of Kosovo]]
[[Category:Cities in Kosovo]]
[[Category:Cities in Kosovo]]
[[Category:Đakovica]]
[[Category:Gjakova]]

Revision as of 09:15, 10 December 2013

This article is about city in Kosovo. For city in Croatia, see Đakovo.
Gjakovë
Municipality and city
CountryKosovo[a]
DistrictDistrict of Đakovica
Government
 • MayorMimoza Kusari-Lila
Area
 • Municipality and city586.91 km2 (226.61 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Municipality and city94,556 (municipality)
 • Density160.5/km2 (416/sq mi)
 • Metro
408,270 City
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
50000
Area code+381 390
Car plates03
WebsiteMunicipality of Đakovica

Đakovica or Gjakova (see names) is a city and municipality in western Kosovo.[a] It is also the administrative centre of the homonymous district. The municipality's population in 2011 stood at 94,556.[1] The city is located at 42°23′N 20°26′E / 42.39°N 20.43°E / 42.39; 20.43.

Names

Street in the Đakovica old town; the architecture reflects its Ottoman heritage.

The name 'Đakovica' is Serbian, which can be easily distinguished by the -vica suffix, which means "little". The Albanian name for the town is Gjakova. It is hard to tell which of the two names influenced the other. There are a number of theories concerning the name of the town: that it derives from the Serbian word đak (pupil) from earlier d(i)jak;[2][3] or that it derives from the Albanian word for "blood" (gjak).[4] Around 1594 or 1595, Hadum Suleiman Aga Hadum Efendia-built mosque[vague], which also bears the name of the donor-sponsors of the facility in town. Hadum Mosque, according to tradition, was built in property of Jakë Vula, a landlord with obviously an Albanian name and surname, hence the name would become the city – Jakovë. Furthermore, it is also plausible to conclude that the initial town name, Jakovë, may in fact represent an Albanian way of pronouncing the otherwise south Slavic (Serbian) genitive case 'Jakova', as in "(zemlja) Jakova", meaning "(the land) of Jakov", as is the case with many other place names in Kosovo, including the word Kosovë itself (the defintite article form being Kosova). which might easily have been one word within a full name - polje kosova (the field of blackbirds).

Demographics

According to the 2011 census, resident population in Gjakova in 2011 was 94,556 of which urban 40,827 and rural 53,729 and male 47,226 and female 47,330. Of these, ethnicly Albanian were 87,672, Egyptian 5,117, Roma 738, Ashkali 613, Bosnian 73, Serb 17, Turk 16, Gorani 13 and others.[1]

Of those that answered, Muslim were 77,299, Catholic 16,296, Christian Orthodox 22, Other 142, no religion 129.[1]

History

Balkan Wars

Đakovica suffered greatly from the Serbian and Montenegrin armies during the First Balkan War. The New York Times reported in 1912, citing Austro-Hungarian sources, that people on the gallows hung on both sides of the road, and that the way to Đakovica became a "gallows alley."[5] In the region of Đakovica, Montenegrin police-military formation Royal Gendarmerie Corps (Kraljevski žandarmerijski kor), known as krilaši, committed much abuse and violence against the non-Christian population.[6]

Kosovo War

View of the clock tower in the city
Main article: Kosovo war

The town was badly affected by the Kosovo war, suffering great physical destruction and large-scale human losses and human rights abuses. Yugoslav units were stationed in and near the town in two barracks due to the risk of an attack by the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) from across the border in Albania. In one incident, NATO aircraft misidentified a convoy of Albanian refugees and attacked it.

Actions on the ground had a devastating effect on the town. According to the ICTY, OSCE, and international human rights organisations, about 75% of the population was expelled by Serbian police and paramilitaries as well as Yugoslav forces, while many civilians were killed in the process.[7][8] Large areas of the town were destroyed, chiefly through arson and looting but also in the course of localised fighting between government security forces and members of the KLA. The actions of the government forces in Đakovica formed a major part of the United Nations war crimes indictment of the then-President Slobodan Milošević. [1] In 2011, several dozen corpses were identified and returned to their families, though the number is relatively small compared to the figures of those who are still missing. As a result, any reference to the return of the former Kosovo Serb population remains highly sensitive.[9]

Aftermath of Kosovo war

Most of the Albanian population returned following the end of the war. In 2001 free elections were held, with a majority won by LDK. Thousands of new stores were rebuilt. Qarshia e Madhe is a good example where hundreds of stores were destroyed during the war; in 2001 as many were rebuilt as they had been before the war. New television and radio media were launched such as Radio Gjakova, Radio Pandora, Radio Amadeus, and TV Syri. Local businesses set up manufacturing enterprises such as the IMN brick factory was one of these.

Geography and population

Terzijski Bridge on Erenik River near Đakovica.

The municipality covers an area of 521 km2, including the town of Đakovica and 84 villages. As of October 2007, the population is estimated to be of approximately 158,000 people, out of which 100,000 (60%) live in the town and 58,000 (40%) reside in the surrounding villages. The Kosovo Albanians constitute about 95% of the population [citation needed]), while some 7060 Muslims by nationality, Roma, Ashkali and Egyptians making up ca. 4.7% represent the main minority communities.[10]

According to OSCE estimations, before the Kosovo War of 1999 the municipality had a population of about 145,000, of which 93% were Kosovo Albanians and 7% non-majority communities, including some 3,000 Kosovo Serbs, who mostly lived in the main town.[11]

Đakovica is situated at the Southern end of The Dinaric Alps and is approx. 100 km (62 mi) inland from the Adriatic Sea.

Sport

Apart from being a culture and educative center of Kosovo, Đakovica is also known as a sports center. The best example of this is the fact of having 38 clubs, which compete in all leagues over Kosovo. Đakovica's most successful team is KF Vëllaznimi which has won 9 titles of Kosovar Superliga, and 4 Kosovo Cups. "Shani Nushi" is the city's sports hall, which has a capacity of 3500 seats, while Đakovica's City Stadium has a capacity of 6000 (2000 seats).

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Kosovo

Twin towns – Sister cities

Đakovica is twinned with:

Notable people from Đakovica or descending from Đakovan families

  • The clock tower
    The clock tower
  • View of the clock tower
    View of the clock tower
  • View of old stone building
    View of old stone building
  • Hotel
    Hotel
  • Monument
    Monument
  • League of Prizren in Đakovica
    League of Prizren in Đakovica
  • View of the city
    View of the city

Notes and references

Notes:

  1. ^ a b Template:Kosovo-note

References:

  1. ^ a b c "Të dhënat demografike sipas komunave" (PDF). Statistics Agency of Kosovo. April 2013. Retrieved 5 October 2013.
  2. ^ Book: Alexandru Madgearu, The Wars of the Balkan Peninsula: Their Medieval Origins
  3. ^ Mirjana Detelić: Градови у хришћанској и муслиманској епици, Belgrade, 2004 ISBN 86-7179-039-8
  4. ^ Malcolm, Noel; Kosovo-A Short History, Harper Perennial, 1999, ISBN 978-0-06-097775-7
  5. ^ The New York Times, 31. december 1912.
  6. ^ Krilaši, Istorijski leksikon Crne Gore, Daily Press, Podgorica, 2006.
  7. ^ UNDER ORDERS: War Crimes in Kosovo – 6. Djakonica Municipality
  8. ^ OSCE
  9. ^ Documents Library – OSCE
  10. ^ OSCE Template:PDF, October 2007. Retrieved on 9 March 2008.
  11. ^ OSCE Template:PDF, November 2005. Retrieved on 13 November 2007.
  12. ^ http://kk.rks-gov.net/gjakove/News/Binjakezohen-Gjakova-dhe-Lodeve-e-Frances.aspx
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