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Pierre Lyonnet or Lyonet (Maastricht, 1708-07-22 - La Haye, 1789-10-10) was an artist and engraver who became a naturalist.

He was secretary and translator (he spoke more than eight languages) for the government of the Dutch Republic.

Initially he trained as a lawyer before choosing to specialize in the engraving of natural history and the work of dissection. He illustrated Theology of the insects, or demonstration of the perfections of God in all that relates to the insects (1742) of Friedrich Christian Lesser (1692-1754) and Treatise on the polyps (1744) of Abraham Trembley (1710-1784). He then decided to make his do own observations and to write his own monograph on the anatomy of the insects. His first work appeared in 1750 under the name of Anatomical treatise of the caterpillar which corrodes the wood of Willow. He illustrated 4,041 different muscles thus. He lacked the anatomical knowledge of Jan Swammerdam (1637-1680) and of Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694) and his observations show it. His book was received with scepticism which affirmed that Lyonnet imagined the details which he drew with so much precision. It was to counter these criticisms, that he put in the second edition which appears in 1752, a drawing of its instruments and a description of its method. Lyonnet planned to study the chrysalis and the adult but, sixty years old, the tiredness of his eyes obliged him to stop his projects.

Illustrations from Traité anatomique (1750)

Larve de la chenille
Système nerveux central
Muscles
Dissection de la tête
Cerveau et nerf de la tête
Microscope utilisé par Lyonet pour ses travaux de dissection (1752)

Literature

Cryptology and statecraft in the Dutch Republic - Karl de Leeuw ISBN 9057760398
Pierre Lyonet - W.H. Seters (1962)

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[Image:Lyonnet Pierre 1707-1789.jpg|thumb|230px|right|Pierre Lyonnet.]]
-'''Pierre Lyonnet''' or '''Lyonet''' was an (22 July [[1708]] , [[Maastricht]] - 10 October [[1789]] , [[La Haye]]) [[artist]], and [[engraving|engraver]] who became a [[naturalist]].
+'''Pierre Lyonnet''' or '''Lyonet''' ([[Maastricht]], [[1708-07-22]] - [[La Haye]], [[1789-10-10]]) was an [[artist]] and [[engraving|engraver]] who became a [[naturalist]].
-He was secretary and translator (he spoke more than eight languages) for the government of  here. For the [[United Kingdom of the Netherlands]].
+He was secretary and translator (he spoke more than eight languages) for the government of the [[Dutch Republic]].
-Initially he trained as a [[lawyer]] before choosing to specialize in the engraving of [[natural history]] and the work of [[dissection]]. He illustrated ''Theology of the insects, or demonstration of the perfections of God in all that relates to the insects'' (1742) of [[Friedrich Christian Lesser]] (1692-1754) and  ''Treatise on the polyps'' (1744) of [[Abraham Trembley]] (1710-1784). He then decided to make his do  own observations and to write his  own [[monograph]] on the anatomy of the insects. His first work appeared in 1750 under the name of ''Anatomical treatise of the caterpillar which corrodes the wood of Willow''. He illustrated 4,041 different muscles thus. He lacked the anatomical knowledge of [[Jan Swammerdam]] (1637-1680) and of [[Marcello Malpighi]] (1628-1694) and his observations show it. His book was received with scepticism which affirmed that Lyonnet imagined the details which he drew with  so much precision. It was to counter these criticisms, that he put in the second edition which appears in 1752, a drawing of its instruments and a description of its method. Lyonnet planned to study the [[pupa|chrysalis]] and the [[imago|adult]] but, sixty years old, the tiredness of his eyes obliged him to stop his projects.
+Initially he trained as a [[lawyer]] before choosing to specialize in the engraving of [[natural history]] and the work of [[dissection]]. He illustrated ''Theology of the insects, or demonstration of the perfections of God in all that relates to the insects'' (1742) of [[Friedrich Christian Lesser]] (1692-1754) and  ''Treatise on the polyps'' (1744) of [[Abraham Trembley]] (1710-1784). He then decided to make his do  own observations and to write his own [[monograph]] on the anatomy of the insects. His first work appeared in 1750 under the name of ''Anatomical treatise of the caterpillar which corrodes the wood of Willow''. He illustrated 4,041 different muscles thus. He lacked the anatomical knowledge of [[Jan Swammerdam]] (1637-1680) and of [[Marcello Malpighi]] (1628-1694) and his observations show it. His book was received with scepticism which affirmed that Lyonnet imagined the details which he drew with  so much precision. It was to counter these criticisms, that he put in the second edition which appears in 1752, a drawing of its instruments and a description of its method. Lyonnet planned to study the [[pupa|chrysalis]] and the [[imago|adult]] but, sixty years old, the tiredness of his eyes obliged him to stop his projects.
@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 *''Cryptology and statecraft in the Dutch Republic - Karl de Leeuw'' ISBN 9057760398
 *''Pierre Lyonet - W.H. Seters'' (1962)
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Lyonnet, Pierre}}
+[[Category:1708 births]]
+[[Category:1789 deaths]]
 [[Category:Illustrators]]
 [[Category:Dutch entomologists]]