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myg0t (not Myg0t, mygot, Mygot or any variation) is an online gaming group (myg0t is NOT a clan) devoted to a technique of gaming called "raging". The myg0t is said to have originally formed in Chillicothe, Ohio. |
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Many people dislike myg0t due to the style of gaming that "g0ts" (members of myg0t) have adpopted. The premise of raging is simple: annoy as many people as possible and take screenshots to prove it. These screenshots are then cut up and the in-game chat is posted into a larger image called a "rage". This rage is then posted on the myg0t forums. Occaisionally, especially with HL2 based games, demos can be recorded and a video rage can be made. |
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myg0t is known to many as "the cheating clan", though this is untrue. It is true that a g0t might use a cheat or a number of cheats in order to rage a server, however, cheating is not myg0t's aim. Their aim is to spread chaos on online games, and in real life. They can be found in just about every game available, from Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing Games (MMORPG) such as World of Warcraft and Guild wars, to first person shooters such as Counter Strike and Battlefield 2. |
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-->__NOEDITSECTION__{{dablink|"Hitler" redirects here. For other persons of the same name, see [[Hitler (disambiguation)]].}} |
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{| class="infobox bordered" style="width: 25em; font-size: 95%;" cellpadding="4" |
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|bgcolor="lightblue" align="center" colspan="2" | '''Adolf Hitler''' |
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|- |
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| colspan="2" align="center" | [[Image:Adolf Hitler Bigger.jpg|none|240px|Adolf Hitler]] |
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|- |
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| '''Date of birth''' |
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|[[April 20]] [[1889]] |
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|- |
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| '''Date of death''' |
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|[[April 30]] [[1945]] |
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|- |
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| '''Party''' |
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|[[National Socialist German Workers Party]] |
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|- valign="top" |
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| '''Important positions''' |
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| |
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*[[Führer]] of the National Socialist German Workers Party |
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*[[Reichskanzler]] of Germany |
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*[[Führer]] and [[Reichskanzler]] of Germany |
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|} |
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Not every myg0t you will encounter in a game is a true myg0t. So long as you are raging an online game you are permitted to wear the myg0t tag to spread chaos and the myg0t mission. |
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'''{{Audio|de-Adolf Hitler.ogg|Adolf Hitler}}''' ([[April 20]], [[1889]] – [[April 30]], [[1945]]) was [[Chancellor of Germany]] from [[1933]] and ''[[Führer]] und [[Reichskanzler]]'' (Leader and Chancellor) of [[Germany]] from [[1934]] to his death. He was leader of the [[National Socialist German Workers Party]] (NSDAP), better known as the Nazi Party. |
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A full list of active, real g0ts is: |
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Under Hitler's [[charismatic authority|charismatic]] [[leadership]] Germany emerged from the depths of [[Aftermath of World War I|post-]][[World War I]] defeat to rebuild its [[economy]] and decimated [[military]]. At the height of the nations' power during [[World War II]], the armies of [[Nazi Germany]] and its [[Axis Powers|allies]] dominated much of [[Europe]]. The [[Racial policy of Nazi Germany|racial policies]] that Hitler directed culminated in a massive number of deaths, commonly cited as at least 11 million people – including about 6 million [[Jew]]s – in a [[genocide]] now known as [[the Holocaust]]. |
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[myg0t]0ne |
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Ultimately, Germany was defeated by the [[Allies|Allied powers]] in [[1945]] and during the final days of the war Hitler [[Hitler's death|committed suicide]] in [[Führerbunker|his underground bunker]] in [[Berlin]] together with his newly wed [[wife]], [[Eva Braun]]. The [[Third Reich]], which he had said would last a thousand years, collapsed shortly thereafter. |
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[myg0t]b4d_k4rm4 |
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==Early years== |
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[[Image:Baby-hitler.jpg|thumb|180px|right|Adolf Hitler as an [[infant]].]] |
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Adolf Hitler was born on [[April 20]] [[1889]], at [[Braunau am Inn]], [[Austria]], a small [[town]] 90 km (55 miles) west of [[Linz]] in the province of [[Upper Austria]], on the [[Stream bed|bank]] of the [[Inn River|River Inn]], which formed the [[border]] between [[German Empire|Germany]] and what was then [[Austria-Hungary]]. He was the fourth of six children of [[Alois Hitler]] ([[1837]]–[[1903]]), a customs official, and [[Klara Pölzl]], Alois' [[niece]] and third wife. Of these six children, only Adolf and his younger sister [[Paula Hitler|Paula]] reached [[adulthood]]. Alois Hitler also had a son ([[Alois Hitler, Jr.|Alois Junior]]) and a daughter ([[Angela Hitler|Angela]]) by his second wife. In ''[[Mein Kampf]]'', his [[autobiography]] and exposition of his [[political ideology]], Hitler describes his father as an "irascible [[tyrant]]"; however, there is little indication that Alois Hitler treated his son more strictly than was usual for that time and place. |
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Alois Hitler was born out of [[marriage]] and used his mother's surname, '''Schicklgruber''', until he was 40. In [[1876]], he began using the name of his [[stepfather]], [[Johann Georg Hiedler]], after visiting a [[priest]] responsible for [[Births, deaths and marriages registry|birth registries]] and declaring that Georg was his father (Alois gave the impression that Georg was still alive, but he was long dead). The spelling was probably changed by a clerk. Later, Adolf was accused by his political enemies of not rightfully being a Hitler, but a Schicklgruber. This was also exploited in Allied [[propaganda]] during the Second World War when [[pamphlet]]s bearing the phrase "Heil Schicklgruber" were [[airdrop]]ped over German cities. He was legally born a Hitler, however, and was closely related to Hiedler through his mother's family. |
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Hitler did not know for sure who his paternal grandfather was, but it was probably either Johann Georg Hiedler or his brother [[Johann von Nepomuk Hiedler]]. There have been rumours that Hitler was one-quarter [[Jew]]ish and that his paternal grandmother [[Maria Schicklgruber]] had become [[Pregnancy|pregnant]] after working as a servant in a Jewish household in [[Graz, Austria|Graz]]. During the [[1920s]], the implications of this along with his known family history were politically explosive, especially for the proponent of a [[racism|racist]] [[ideology]]. Opponents tried to prove that Hitler, the leader of the [[anti-Semitic]] and [[jingoism|jingoistic]] [[Nazi Party]], had Jewish or [[Czech]] [[ancestor|ancestors]]. Although these rumours were never confirmed, for Hitler they were reason enough to conceal his origins. [[soviet union|Soviet]] propaganda insisted he was a Jew, though more modern research tends to diminish the probability Hitler had Jewish or Czech ancestors. Historians such as [[Werner Maser]] and [[Ian Kershaw]] argue this was impossible since the Jews had been expelled from Graz in the [[15th century]] and were not allowed to return until well after Maria Schicklgruber's alleged [[employment]].{{ref|about}} |
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Because of Alois Hitler's [[profession]] his family moved frequently, from [[Braunau]] to [[Passau]], [[Lambach]], [[Leonding]] and next to [[Linz]]. As a young child, Hitler was reportedly a good [[student]] at the various [[Elementary school|elementary schools]] he attended; however, in [[sixth grade]] (1900–1), his first year of [[high school]] (''Realschule'') in Linz, he failed completely and had to repeat the grade. His [[Teacher|teachers]] reported that he had "no desire to work." |
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[[Image:AHWatercolor1.jpg|left|thumb|200px|One of Hitler's [[watercolour]]s. The scene of [[Laon]], [[France]]. ]] |
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Hitler later explained this as a kind of [[rebellion]] against his father Alois, who wanted the boy to follow him in a [[career]] as a customs official, although Adolf wanted to become a [[painter]]. This is further supported by Hitler's later description of himself as a misunderstood [[artis]]t. After Hitler's father died on [[January 3]], [[1903]], at the age of 65, Hitler's schoolwork did not improve. At the age of 16, Hitler left school with no [[Qualification|qualifications]]. |
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[myg0t]blocky |
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===Early adulthood in Vienna and Munich=== |
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[myg0t]bLuE |
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From [[1905]] onward, Hitler was able to live the life of a [[Bohemianism|Bohemian]] on a fatherless child's [[pension]] and support from his mother. After he was rejected twice by the Academy of [[Arts]] in [[Vienna]] ([[1907]]–[[1908]]) for "lack of talent" – which he resented deeply – he did not try to find a different job or learn a profession. He was told he should become an [[architect]], since he had some flair for making architectural [[Sketch|sketches]] and [[Drawing|drawings]]. On [[December 21]], [[1907]], his mother Klara died a painful death from [[breast cancer]]. He gave his share of the [[Orphan|orphans]]' benefits to his younger sister Paula, but soon after inherited some money from an [[aunt]]. He worked as a struggling painter in Vienna, copying scenes from [[postcard]]s and selling his paintings to [[Merchant|merchants]] and [[tourist]]s (there is evidence he produced over 2000 paintings and drawings before [[World War I]]). Some of Hitler's other favourite subjects were [[women]] and [[dog|dogs]]. He showed a particular affinity for the [[German Shepherd]] Dog. |
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[[Image:hitlerearly.jpg|thumb|180px|right|Adolf Hitler as a young [[adult]].]] |
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After the second refusal from the Academy of Arts, Hitler gradually ran out of money. By [[1909]], he sought refuge in a [[homeless shelter]], and by the beginning of [[1910]] had settled permanently into a house for poor working men. He made spending money by painting tourist postcards of Vienna scenery. His [[anti-Semitism]] during this period was likely non-existent, since a Jewish resident of the house named Hanisch was helping him sell his postcards. |
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It was in Vienna that Hitler became an active anti-Semite, a common stance among Austrians at the time. Vienna had a large [[Jew]]ish community, including many [[Orthodox Jews]] from [[Eastern Europe]]. He was slowly influenced over time by the writings of the race ideologist and anti-Semite [[Lanz von Liebenfels]] and [[Polemic|polemics]] from [[politician]]s such as [[Karl Lueger]], the [[List_of_mayors_of_Vienna|Mayor of Vienna]] and [[Georg Ritter von Schönerer]], leader of the pan-Germanic ''Away from Rome!'' movement. He later wrote in his book ''[[Mein Kampf]]'', dedicated to [[Thule Society]] member [[Dietrich Eckart]], that his transition from opposing anti-Semitism on religious grounds, to supporting it on racial grounds, came from having seen an [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox Jew]]: |
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[myg0t]BUTT_PLUG |
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<blockquote>"There were very few Jews in Linz. In the course of centuries the Jews who lived there had become [[Europeanization|Europeanized]] in external appearance and were so much like other human beings that I even looked upon them as Germans. The reason why I did not then perceive the absurdity of such an illusion was that the only external mark which I recognized as distinguishing them from us was the practice of their strange religion. As I thought that they were persecuted on account of their [[Faith]] my aversion to hearing remarks against them grew almost into a feeling of abhorrence. I did not in the least suspect that there could be such a thing as a systematic anti-Semitism. </blockquote> |
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<blockquote>Once, when passing through the inner City, I suddenly encountered a phenomenon in a long caftan and wearing black side-locks. My first thought was: Is this a Jew? They certainly did not have this appearance in Linz. I watched the man [[Stealthy|stealthily]] and cautiously but the longer I gazed at the strange countenance and examined it feature by feature, the more the question shaped itself in my brain: Is this a German?" <br>(''Mein Kampf'', vol. 1, chap. 2: "Years of study and suffering in Vienna") |
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</blockquote> |
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[myg0t]Choking Victim |
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[myg0t]chrono |
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Hitler had a firm belief in the inferiority of the [[Parliamentary system]], and especially [[social democracy]], which formed the basis of his political views. He began to claim the Jews were natural enemies of "[[Aryan|Aryans]]" and were responsible for Germany's economic problems. However, according to [[August Kubizek]], his close friend and [[roommate]] at the time, he was more interested in the [[Opera|operas]] of [[Richard Wagner]] than in [[politics]]. |
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[myg0t]chubr0ck |
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He was given a small inheritance from his father in May [[1913]] and moved to [[Munich]]. He later wrote in ''Mein Kampf'' that he had always longed to live in a German city. In Munich, he became more interested in architecture and the writings of [[Houston Stewart Chamberlain]]. Moving to Munich also helped him escape [[military service]] in Austria for a time, but the Austrian army later [[Arrest|arrested]] him. After a physical exam (during which his height was measured at 1.73 m, or 5 ft 8 in) and a [[plea]], he was found unfit for service and allowed to return to Munich. However, when Germany entered [[World War I]] in August [[1914]], he immediately enlisted in the [[Bavaria]]n army. |
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[myg0t]d0wn |
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===World War I=== |
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[[Image:Adolf Hitler im Ersten Weltkrieg.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Hitler (seated, far left) during World War I.]] |
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[myg0t]d3 |
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In [[World War I]], Hitler saw active service in [[France]] and [[Belgium]] as a [[messenger]] for the 16th Bavarian reserve [[infantry]] [[regiment]], which exposed him to enemy fire. He also drew some [[Cartoon|cartoons]] and [[Instruction|instructional]] drawings for the army [[newspaper]]. His behaviour as a soldier was considered somewhat sloppy but he readily volunteered for dangerous missions such as taking dispatches to and from fighting areas. Unlike his fellow soldiers Hitler reportedly never complained about the [[food]] or hard conditions, preferring to talk about [[art]] or [[history]]. He was twice cited for [[bravery]] in action, receiving the [[Iron Cross]], Second Class in December [[1915]] and the Iron Cross, First Class in August [[1918]], an honour rarely given to a [[lance corporal]] (he was not a German citizen at the time and so could not be promoted beyond [[corporal]]). During October [[1916]] in northern France, Hitler was [[Wound|wounded]] in the leg, but returned to the front in March [[1917]]. He received the [[Wound Badge]] later that year, as his injury was the direct result of hostile fire. |
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Hitler was considered a "correct" soldier but was reportedly unpopular with his [[Comrade|comrades]] because of an [[Chain_of_command|uncritical attitude]] towards officers. "Respect the superior, don't contradict anybody, obey blindly," he said, describing his attitude while on trial for his [[Beer Hall Putsch]] in [[1924]]. One comrade later remarked, "we all grumbled on him and found it intolerable that we had a white raven among us." (Haiden, 1936) |
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[myg0t]DarkRebel |
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On [[October 15]], 1918, shortly before the end of war, Hitler was admitted to a [[field hospital]], temporarily [[Blindness|blinded]] by a [[poison gas]] attack. Research by Bernhard Horstmann indicates the blindness may have been the result of a [[hysterical]] reaction to Germany's defeat. Hitler later said it was during this experience that he became convinced the purpose of his life was to save Germany. Meanwhile he was treated by a military [[physician]] and specialist in [[psychiatry]] who reportedly diagnosed the corporal as "incompetent to command people" and "dangerously [[psychotic]]." His commander at the time said, "I will never promote this hysteric!" (cited from Haiden, [[1937]]) However, historian [[Sebastian Haffner]], referring to Hitler's experience at the front, suggests he did have at least some understanding of the military. |
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[myg0t]diggler13 |
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Hitler had long admired Germany and during the war he had become a passionate German [[patriotism|patriot]], although he did not become a German citizen until [[1932]]. He was shocked by the [[capitulation]] of Germany in November [[1918]] while the German army remained (in popular German belief) undefeated. Like many other German [[Nationalism|nationalists]], Hitler blamed [[civilian]] politicians (the "[[November criminals]]") for the surrender. The widespread conservative explanation for the capitulation was the ''[[Dolchstosslegende]]'' ("dagger-stab legend") which purported that behind the backs of the army, [[liberal]] politicians had betrayed and "stabbed" Germany's people and its soldiers "in the back." The [[Treaty of Versailles]] imposed crippling reparations and other economically damaging sanctions, declaring Germany guilty for the horrors of the Great War. The treaty was perceived by most Germans as a [[humiliation]] and was an important factor in both the social and political conditions encountered by Hitler and his National Socialist Party as they sought power. |
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[myg0t]DKay |
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==Weimar Republic== |
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===Early Nazi Party=== |
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{{seemain|Hitler's political beliefs}} |
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[myg0t]DOVER |
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[[Image:Hitlermember.png|thumb|right|Adolf Hitler's membership card for the German Workers' Party. Hitler wanted to create his own party, but was ordered by his superiors in the Reichswehr to infiltrate an existing one instead.]] |
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[myg0t]DrWannaBe |
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After the war, Hitler remained in the army, which was mainly engaged in suppressing [[socialist]] uprisings breaking out across Germany, including Munich ([[Bavarian Soviet Republic]]), where Hitler returned in [[1919]]. He took part in "national thinking" courses organised by the ''Education and Propaganda Department'' (Dept Ib/P) of the Bavarian ''Reichswehr'' Group, Headquarters 4 under Captain Mayr. A key purpose of this group was to create a [[scapegoat]] for the outbreak of the war and Germany's defeat. The scapegoats were found in "international Jewry," communists and politicians across the party spectrum, especially the parties of the [[Weimar Coalition]], who were deemed "[[November criminals]]". |
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[myg0t]FAK3R |
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In July 1919, Hitler was appointed a ''V-Mann'' (''Verbindungsmann'' is the German term for a police spy) of "Aufklärungskommando" ("Intelligence Commando") of the [[Reichswehr]], for the purpose of influencing other soldiers towards similar ideas and was assigned to [[Infiltration|infiltrate]] a small nationalist party, the [[German Workers' Party]] (DAP). Here Hitler met [[Dietrich Eckart]], one of the early founders of the party, member of [[Thule Society]].{{ref|Drummer}}During [[Adolf Hitler's inspection of the German Workers' Party]] he was impressed with [[Anton Drexler|Drexler]]'s [[anti-Semitic]], [[nationalist]] and anti-[[Marxist]] ideas. |
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[myg0t]floggerSG |
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Hitler was discharged from the army in [[March]], [[1920]] and (with the army's continued encouragement) began participating full time in the party's activities. By early [[1921]], Adolf Hitler was becoming highly effective at speaking in front of ever larger crowds. In February, Hitler spoke before a crowd of nearly six thousand in [[Munich]]. To publicize the meeting, he sent out two truckloads of Party supporters to drive around with [[Swastika|swastikas]], cause a commotion and throw out [[Leaflet|leaflets]], their first use of this tactic. Hitler gained notoriety outside of the Party for his rowdy, [[polemic]] speeches against the Treaty of Versailles, rival politicians and groups (especially Marxists) and always the Jews. |
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[myg0t]Freddie_Mercury |
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The German Workers' Party was centred in Munich which had become a hotbed of reactionary German nationalists who included Army officers determined to crush Marxism and undermine or even overthrow the young German democracy centred in Berlin. Gradually they noticed Adolf Hitler and his growing movement as a vehicle to hitch themselves to. Hitler traveled to Berlin to visit nationalist groups during the summer of 1921 and in his absence there was an unexpected [[revolt]] among his own Nazi Party leadership in Munich. |
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[myg0t]g0d |
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The Party was still run by an executive [[committee]] whose original members considered Hitler to be overbearing and even [[dictatorial]]. To weaken Hitler's position they formed an [[alliance]] with a group of socialists from [[Augsburg]]. Hitler rushed back to Munich and countered them by tendering his [[resignation]] from the Party on [[July 11]], [[1921]]. When they realized the loss of Hitler would effectively mean the end of the Party, he seized the moment and announced he would return on the condition that he was made chairman and given dictatorial powers. Infuriated committee members (including founder [[Anton Drexler]]) held out at first. Meanwhile an [[anonymous]] [[pamphlet]] appeared entitled ''Adolf Hitler: Is he a [[traitor]]?'', attacking Hitler's lust for power and criticizing the violence-prone men around him. Hitler responded to its publication in a Munich newspaper by [[Lawsuit|suing]] for [[libel]] and later won a small settlement. |
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[myg0t]Geesus |
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The executive committee of the Nazi Party eventually backed down and Hitler's demands were put to a vote of party members. Hitler received 543 votes for and only one against. At the next gathering on [[July 29]], [[1921]], Adolf Hitler was introduced as [[Führer]] of the Nazi Party, marking the first time this title was publicly used. Hitler changed the name of the party to the National Socialist German Workers Party (''Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei'' or [[NSDAP]]) (usually known as the [[Nazi party]]). |
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[myg0t]h4x^^ |
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Hitler's beer hall [[oratory]], attacking Jews, [[Socialism|socialists]] and [[Liberalism|liberals]], [[Capitalism|capitalists]] and [[Communism|communists]], began attracting adherents. Early followers included [[Rudolf Hess]], the former air force pilot [[Hermann Göring]], and the flamboyant army [[captain]] [[Ernst Röhm]], who became head of the Nazis' [[Paramilitary organizations|paramilitary organization]], the [[Sturmabteilung|SA]], which protected meetings and attacked political opponents. He also attracted the attention of local business interests, was accepted into influential circles of Munich society and became associated with wartime General [[Erich Ludendorff]] during this time. |
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[myg0t]heklim |
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Encouraged by this early support, Hitler decided to use Ludendorff as a front in an attempt to seize power in the turbulent year [[1923]]. His aim was to emulate [[Benito Mussolini|Mussolini's]] "[[March on Rome]]" by a "March on Berlin" but this abortive [[coup]] was later known as the ''[[Hitler Putsch|Hitler ''Putsch'']]'' (and sometimes the ''Beerhall Putsch''). Hitler and Ludendorff obtained the clandestine support of [[Gustav von Kahr]], [[Bavaria]]'s [[de facto]] ruler along with leading figures in the [[Reichswehr]] and the police. As political [[Poster|posters]] show, Ludendorff, Hitler and the heads of the Bavarian police and military planned on forming a new government. |
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[myg0t]j0e |
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However on [[November 8]], [[1923]] Kahr and the military withdrew their support during a meeting in the Bürgerbräu beer hall. A surprised Hitler had them [[Arrest|arrested]] and proceeded with the coup. Unknown to him, Kahr and the other detainees had been released on Ludendorff's orders after he obtained their word not to interfere. That night they prepared resistance measures against the coup and in the morning, when the Nazis marched from the beer hall to the Bavarian War Ministry to overthrow what they saw as Bavaria's traitorous government as a start to their "March on Berlin," the army quickly dispersed them (Ludendorff was wounded and a few other Nazis were killed). |
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[myg0t]Jasper |
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Hitler fled to the home of [[Ernst Hanfstaengl|friends]] and contemplated [[suicide]]. He was soon arrested for [[high treason]] and appointed [[Alfred Rosenberg]] as temporary leader of the party but found himself in an environment somewhat receptive to his beliefs. During Hitler's trial in April [[1924]] sympathetic [[conservative]] magistrates allowed Hitler to turn his debacle into a [[propaganda]] [[stunt]]. He was given almost unlimited amounts of time to present his arguments to the [[court]] along with a large body of the German people, and his popularity soared when he voiced basic nationalistic sentiments shared by the public. For the crime of conspiracy to commit treason Hitler was sentenced to five years' imprisonment at [[Landsberg prison]] where he received favoured treatment from the guards and had much [[fan mail]] from [[Fan (aficionado)|admirers]]. While at Landsberg he dictated his political book ''[[Mein Kampf]]'' (''My Struggle'') to his deputy [[Rudolf Hess]]. The first volume, called "Abrechnung" (''A settling of accounts''), was later published and became the platform of the Nazi party (by the late [[1930s]] nearly every household in Germany had a copy of it). Meanwhile, as he was considered relatively harmless, Hitler was given an early [[amnesty]] and was released in December [[1924]]. By this time the Nazi party had dwindled and Hitler began a long effort to rebuild it. |
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[myg0t]Jedi Pimp |
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A key element of Hitler's appeal was his ability to convey a sense of offended national [[pride]] caused by the [[Treaty of Versailles]] imposed on the defeated [[Second Reich|German Empire]] by the [[Allies of World War I|Allies]]. Germany had lost economically important territory in Europe along with its [[Colony|colonies]] and in admitting to sole responsibility for the war had agreed to pay a huge [[reparations]] bill totaling 32 billion [[Gold mark|marks]]. Most Germans bitterly resented these terms but early Nazi attempts to gain support by blaming these humiliations on "international Jewry" were not particularly successful with the electorate. The party learned quickly and soon a more subtle propaganda emerged, combining anti-Semitism with an attack on the failures of the "[[Weimar]] system" and the parties supporting it. |
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[myg0t]Jordon |
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In restoring the party organisation, Hitler asserted the ''[[Führerprinzip]]'', or unquestioning obedience to superiors, with all power and [[authority]] devolving from the top down -- consistent with his well-documented statements of disdain for [[democracy]], which he considered an unstable and dangerous form of government. |
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[myg0t]key |
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In [[2004]], it was discovered that Hitler had spent years evading [[Taxation|taxes]] on [[income]] from sales of ''Mein Kampf''. He owed the German government 405,000 Reichmarks (equivalent to $8 million at 2004 exchange rates) by the time he took power and the tax [[debt]] was forgiven. |
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[myg0t]kigy |
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===The road to power=== |
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{{seemain|Weimar Timeline}} |
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[myg0t]kWolFe |
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[[Image:Inge Terboven and Hitler.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Adolf Hitler with a little girl in traditional Bavarian dress.]] |
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[myg0t]m1Lf |
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The political turning point for Hitler came when the [[Great Depression|Depression]] hit Germany in [[1930]]. The democratic [[Weimar Republic]] established in [[1919]] had never been accepted by conservatives and was openly opposed by [[Fascism|fascists]]. While the Social Democrats and traditional parties of the centre and right were unable to cope with the shock of the Depression, in the September [[1930]] elections the Nazis suddenly rose from relative obscurity to win 18.3% of the vote along with 107 seats in the [[Reichstag (institution)|Reichstag]], becoming the second largest party in Germany. |
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[myg0t]M4L3V0L3NT |
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Hitler appealed to the bulk of German [[farmer]]s, [[War veteran|war veterans]] and the [[middle-class]] who had been hard-hit by both the [[inflation]] of the [[1920s]] and the [[unemployment]] of the Depression. The [[urban]] working classes generally ignored Hitler's appeals ([[Berlin]] and the [[Ruhr Area|Ruhr]] towns were particularly hostile). The [[1930]] election was a disaster for [[Heinrich Brüning]]'s centre-right government, which was now deprived of a majority in the Reichstag. |
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[myg0t]Mace |
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Meanwhile in September [[1931]] Hitler's [[niece]] [[Geli Raubal]] was found dead in her bedroom in his Munich apartment (his half-sister Angela and her daughter Geli had been with him in Munich since [[1929]]), an apparent suicide. Geli was much younger than he was and had used his gun, drawing rumours of a relationship between the two. The event is viewed as having caused lasting turmoil for him. |
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[myg0t]MAKONG |
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Brüning's [[austerity]] measures brought little economic improvement and the government was anxious to avoid a [[presidential election]] in [[1932]], hoping to secure Nazi agreement to an extension of [[President]] [[Paul von Hindenburg]]'s term. Hitler refused and ultimately ran against Hindenburg in the [[German presidential election, 1932|1932 presidential election]], after acquiring German citizenship in February the same year. He came in second on both rounds, attaining more than 35% of the vote during the second one in April. |
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[myg0t]MasterVampire |
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[[Image:Hitler walking out of Brown House after 1930 elections.jpg|thumb|left|Hitler emerges from the Brown House in Munich (headquarters of the Nazi party during the last days of the Weimar Republic) after a post-election meeting in 1930.]] |
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Hindenburg dismissed the government and appointed a new one under the ex-military conservative [[Franz von Papen]], which immediately called for new Reichstag elections. In July [[1932]] the Nazis had their best showing yet, winning 230 seats and becoming the largest party in the Reichstag. Since the Nazis and the communists now together controlled a majority of the Reichstag, the formation of a stable government of mainstream parties was impossible. After a [[vote of no-confidence]] in the Papen government, supported by 84% of the delegates, the new Reichstag was dissolved and new elections were called. |
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[myg0t]nimrod |
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Papen and the [[Catholic Centre Party|Centre Party]] (''Zentrumspartei'') separately began [[Negotiation|negotiations]] to secure Nazi participation in order to provide a new government with a basis in [[parliament]]. Hitler however set high terms, demanding the Chancellorship along with the President's agreement that he be able to use the [[1919]] constitution's sweeping emergency powers. Hence the negotiations failed. During the November [[1932]] elections the Nazis lost votes although they remained the largest party in the Reichstag. After Papen failed to secure a majority he proposed to dissolve the parliament again along with an indefinite postponement of elections. Hindenburg at first accepted this, but after General [[Kurt von Schleicher]] and the military withdrew their support, Hindenburg instead dismissed Papen and appointed [[Kurt von Schleicher|Schleicher]], who promised he could secure a majority government by negotiations with both the Social Democratic labour unions and the dissident Nazi faction led by [[Gregor Strasser]]. |
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[myg0t]Nineteen84 |
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In November 1932,[[Hjalmar Schacht]], [[Fritz Thyssen]], and other [[Rhenish-Westphalian Industrial Magnates]] appealed to Hindenburg in a letter to appoint Hitler as leader of a government "independent from parliamentary parties" which could turn into a movement that would "enrapture millions of people." [http://www.glasnost.de/hist/ns/eingabe.html] Finally, Papen and [[Alfred Hugenberg]] (Chairman of the [[German National People's Party]], the DNVP, which before the Nazis had been Germany's principal conservative party) conspired to persuade Hindenburg to appoint Hitler Chancellor in a coalition with the DNVP, promising they would be able to control him and stabilize the government.[[Image:Hindenburg_ernennt_Hitler.JPG|thumb|right|220px|Hindenburg greets Chancellor Hitler at Reichstag opening ceremony]]When Schleicher was forced to admit failure in his efforts to form a coalition and asked for emergency powers along with the same postponement of elections he had opposed earlier, Hindenburg fired him and reluctantly agreed to appoint Hitler Chancellor, Papen [[Vice-Chancellor of Germany|Vice-Chancellor]] and Hugenberg Minister of Economics in a cabinet which included three Nazis in key positions (Hitler, Göring and [[Wilhelm Frick]]). On the morning of [[January 30]], [[1933]], in Hindenburg's office, Adolf Hitler was sworn in as [[Chancellor]] during what some observers later described as a brief and indifferent ceremony. |
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[myg0t]nobletype |
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After [[Reichstag fire|the Reichstag was set on fire]] (and the communists were blamed for it), the [[Reichstag Fire Decree]] ([[28 February]]) suspended basic rights including ''[[habeas corpus]]''. On [[5 March]], [[1933]], in elections marred by paramilitary violence, the Nazis received 43.9% of the vote, which brought the [[coalition]] between them and the [[German National People's Party|DNVP]] an absolute majority. Hitler further strengthened his parliamentary basis by detaining [[Communist]] deputies and (illegally) excluding them from parliament. |
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[myg0t]NWA |
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At an impressive constitutional opening ceremony of the Reichstag, held in the replacement parliament building on [[21 March]], both Hindenburg and the world press were impressed by Hitler's apparent acceptance of [[constitutional government]]. |
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[myg0t]obsession |
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The government confronted the newly elected [[Reichstag (institution)|Reichstag]] with the [[Enabling Act]] which gave Hitler's cabinet sweeping [[legislative]] powers. The bill required a two-thirds majority in order to pass and the Nazis needed support from other parties. The Centre Party was split on this issue, but eventually followed its chairman, Monsignor [[Ludwig Kaas|Kaas]], who had advocated supporting the bill in parliament in return for government giving sundry guarantees to civil servants belonging to the Centre Party along with freedom and autonomy of the [[Catholic Church]]. These guarantees were [[orally]] transmitted and Kaas was promised a letter with them in writing. |
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[[Image:Adolf-Hitler-7.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Adolf Hitler greeting supporters from aboard a [[parade]] vehicle.]] |
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On [[23 March]] the [[Reichstag (institution)|Reichstag]] assembled under turbulent circumstances. Some [[Sturmabteilung|SA paramilitaries]] served as guards as others crowded outside the building to intimidate opposing views. Hitler gave a speech which emphasized the importance of both [[Christian]] denominations to German culture. Later that day, still waiting for the promised letter, Kaas gave his speech, voicing the Centre's support for the bill amid "concerns put aside." At last, all parties except the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|Social Democrats]] voted in favour of the [[Enabling Act]], which was dutifully renewed every four years, even through [[World War II]]. |
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[myg0t]Od1um |
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With this combination of legislative and [[executive]] power, Hitler's government soon suppressed all [[opposition]]. The [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|SPD]] was [[Banishment|banned]] and all other political parties dissolved themselves. [[Trade Union|Labour unions]] were merged with employers' federations into an organisation under Nazi control and the autonomy of state governments was severely diminished. Hitler also used the [[SA]] paramilitary to push Hugenberg into resigning and proceeded to politically isolate Vice Chancellor von Papen. Meanwhile the [[SA]] was growing into an independent power of its own and Hitler used allegations of a plot by the SA leader [[Ernst Röhm]] to purge the paramilitary force's leadership during the [[Night of the Long Knives]]. Opponents unconnected with the [[SA]] were also [[Murder|murdered]], notably [[Gregor Strasser]] and former Chancellor [[Kurt von Schleicher]]. |
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[myg0t]OldManPeterson |
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Soon after, president [[Paul von Hindenburg]] died on [[2 August]] [[1934]]. Rather than holding new presidential elections, Hitler's cabinet passed a law combining the offices of president and chancellor with Hitler holding both offices (which included the president's decree powers) as ''leader and national chancellor''. This consolidation was approved by 90% of the electorate in mid-August [[1934]]. Then in an unprecedented step, Hitler ordered every member of the military to [[swear]] a personal [[oath of allegiance]] to him. |
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[myg0t]Opter |
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==The Third Reich== |
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{{seemain|Nazi Germany}} |
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[myg0t]OverlordQ |
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[[Image:Hitler-girl.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Photographs like this one were used to [[Promotion|promote]] Hitler's populist-nationalist (Völkisch) image.]] |
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[myg0t]o_0 |
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Having secured supreme political power without an electoral [[Mandate (politics)|mandate]] from the majority of Germans, Hitler went on to gain their support by [[Persuasion|persuading]] most Germans he was their saviour from the Depression, the Communists, the Versailles Treaty, and the Jews along with other "undesirable" [[minorities]]. |
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[myg0t]p33pu5 |
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===Economics and culture=== |
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Hitler oversaw one of the greatest expansions of [[industrial]] production and civil improvement Germany had ever seen, mostly based on debt flotation and expansion of the military. Nazi policies towards women strongly encouraged them to stay at home to bear children and keep house. The [[unemployment]] rate was cut substantially, mostly through arms production and sending women home so that men could take their jobs. Given this, claims that the [[Economy of Germany|German economy]] achieved near [[full employment]] are at least partly artefacts of propaganda from the [[era]]. |
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[myg0t]pr0nstar |
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Hitler also oversaw one of the largest [[infrastructure]] improvement campaigns in German history, with the construction of dozens of [[Dam|dams]], [[autobahn]]s, [[Railroad|railroads]] and other civil works. Hitler's [[Policy|policies]] emphasised the importance of family life: Men were the "breadwinners", while women's priorities were to lie in bringing up children and in household work. |
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[myg0t]pr4wn |
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[[Image:Hitlerspeakingwickedly.jpg|thumb|200px|left|Hitler was a gifted [[orator]] who captivated many with his beating of the [[podium]] and growling speech]] |
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[myg0t]PsychoBud |
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Hitler's government [[Sponsorship|sponsored]] [[architecture]] on an immense scale, with [[Albert Speer]] becoming famous as the first architect of the Reich. In [[1936]] Berlin hosted the [[1936 Summer Olympics|summer Olympic games]], which were opened by Hitler and [[Choreography|choreographed]] to demonstrate [[Aryan]] superiority over all other races. ''[[Olympia (film)|Olympia]]'', the movie about the games and documentary propaganda films for the German Nazi Party were directed by Hitler's personal filmmaker [[Leni Riefenstahl]]. |
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[myg0t]qs2 |
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Although Hitler made plans for a ''[[Breitspurbahn]]'' ([[broad gauge]] railroad network), they were pre-empted by World War II. Had the railroad been built, its gauge would have been three meters, even wider than the old [[Great Western Railway]] of Britain. |
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[myg0t]r00t |
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In [[1932]] Hitler was instrumental in initiating the design work on the [[car]] that later became the [[Volkswagen Beetle]].{{ref|Volkswagen}} |
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[myg0t]rambo |
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===Repression=== |
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[[Image:Hitler-car.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Adolf Hitler and [[Heinrich Himmler]] (Left)]] |
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[myg0t]sa7an |
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The ''Gestapo-SS complex'' (the [[Schutzstaffel|SS]] and [[Gestapo]] organizations) were primarily responsible for [[repression]] in the Nazi state. This was implemented not only against political enemies such as communists but also against perceived "asocials" such as habitual [[Criminal|criminals]] and the work-shy along with "racial enemies," mainly Jews. |
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[myg0t]Scarface |
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The racial policies of Nazi Germany during the early to mid-1930s included the harassment and persecution of Jews through legislation, restrictions on civil rights and limiting their economic opportunities. Under the [[1935]] [[Nuremberg Laws]] Jews lost their German citizenship and were expelled from government employment, their professions and most forms of economic activity. To indicate their Jewishness, Jews were forced to adopt a second name and had their papers stamped with a big red "J". The policy was successful in causing the [[emigration]] of many thousands but nevertheless turned increasingly violent in the mid to late 1930s. In [[1938]] a [[pogrom]] orchestrated by [[Joseph Goebbels]] and endorsed by Hitler called [[Kristallnacht]] destroyed many Jewish businesses and [[Synagogue|synagogues]] and resulted in about 100 deaths. Between November 1938 and September [[1939]] more than 180,000 Jews fled Germany and the Nazis seized whatever property they left behind. From [[1941]] Jews were required to wear a yellow [[Star of David#Abuse of the Star of David by the Nazis|Star of David]] in public. Throughout the 1930s the Propaganda Ministry disseminated anti-Semitic propaganda. |
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[myg0t]shibby |
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===Rearmament and new alliances=== |
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[[Image:Mussolini_hitler.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Mussolini]] and Hitler.]] |
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In March [[1935]] Hitler repudiated the [[Treaty of Versailles]] by reintroducing [[Conscription|conscription]] in Germany. He set about building a massive military machine, including a new Navy (the ''[[Kriegsmarine]]'') and an Air Force (the ''[[Luftwaffe]]''). The enlistment of vast numbers of men and women in the new military seemed to solve [[unemployment]] problems but seriously distorted the economy. For the first time in a generation, Germany's armed forces were as strong as those of her [[Antagonist|antagonistic]] neighbour, [[France]]. |
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[myg0t]smotpoker |
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In March [[1936]] Hitler again violated the [[Treaty of Versailles]] by reoccupying the [[Demilitarized zone|demilitarized zone]] in the [[Rhineland]]. When [[United Kingdom|Britain]] and France did nothing, he grew bolder. In July [[1936]] the [[Spanish Civil War]] began when the military, led by General [[Francisco Franco]], rebelled against the elected [[Popular Front]] government of [[Spain]]. Hitler sent troops to support Franco and Spain served as a testing ground for Germany's new armed forces and their methods, including the bombing of undefended towns such as [[Guernica]], which was destroyed by the Luftwaffe in April [[1937]], prompting [[Pablo Picasso]]'s famous [[eponym|eponymous]] painting (see [[Guernica (painting)|Guernica]]). |
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[myg0t]SnoG |
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An [[Axis]] was declared between Germany and Italy by [[Galeazzo Ciano]], [[foreign minister]] of [[Fascist]] [[dictator]] [[Benito Mussolini]] on [[October 25]], [[1936]]. This [[alliance]] was later expanded to include [[Japan]], [[Hungary]], [[Romania]] and [[Bulgaria]]. They were collectively known as the [[Axis Powers]]. Then on [[November 5]], [[1937]], at the [[Reich Chancellory]], Adolf Hitler held a secret meeting and stated his plans for acquiring "living space" ([[Lebensraum]]) for the German people. |
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[myg0t]SourceX |
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===The Holocaust=== |
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{{seemain|Holocaust}} |
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[myg0t]steelcap |
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[[Image:Himmler_Hitler.jpg|frame|Adolf Hitler with [[Heinrich Himmler]], chief of the [[Schutzstaffel|SS]] (charged with rounding up Jews, [[Gypsies]] and so-called "enemies of the state").]] |
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[myg0t]Stoned Gorilla |
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Between [[1939]] and [[1945]] the SS, assisted by [[collaborationist]] governments and recruits from [[Occupation|occupied]] countries, systematically killed about 11 million people (other estimates are as high as 26 million; about 6 million of whom were Jews{{ref|Victims}}) in [[Concentration camp|concentration camps]], [[Ghetto|ghettos]] and mass [[Execution|executions]], or through less systematic methods elsewhere.{{ref|Victims_1}} Besides being gassed to death, many also died of [[starvation]] and [[disease]] while working as [[Slave labour|slave labourers]]. Along with Jews, non-Jewish [[Poland|Poles]] (over 3 million of whom died), alleged [[communist]]s or political opposition, [[homosexuality|homosexuals]], [[dissenting]] [[Roman Catholics]] and [[Protestants]], [[Roma (people)|Roma]], the physically [[handicapped]] and mentally [[retarded]], [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[Prisoner of war|prisoners of war]], [[Jehovah's Witnesses and the Holocaust|Jehovah's Witnesses]], anti-Nazi [[clergy]], [[trade union|trade unionists]], and [[psychiatric]] [[Patient|patients]] were killed. This industrial-scale [[genocide]] in Europe is referred to as the [[Holocaust]] (the term is also used by some [[Author|authors]] in a narrower sense, to refer specifically to the unprecedented destruction of European Jewry in particular). |
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[myg0t]SupYouFool |
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The massacres that led to the coining of the word "[[genocide]]" (the ''[[Endlösung]]'' or "Final Solution") were planned and ordered by leading Nazis, with [[Heinrich Himmler|Himmler]] playing a key role. While no specific order from Hitler authorizing the mass killing of the Jews has surfaced, there is documentation showing that he approved the ''[[Einsatzgruppen]]'' and the evidence also suggests that sometime in the fall of [[1941]] Himmler and Hitler agreed in principle on mass extermination by gassing. During [[Interrogation|interrogations]] by Soviet [[Intelligence officer|intelligence officers]] declassified over fifty years later, Hitler's [[valet]] [[Heinz Linge]] and his military [[aide]] Otto Gunsche said Hitler had "pored over the first [[Blueprint|blueprints]] of [[Gas chamber|gas chambers]]." |
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[myg0t]System_Error |
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To make for smoother intra-governmental [[cooperation]] in the implementation of this "Final Solution" to the "Jewish question", the [[Wannsee conference]] was held near Berlin on [[January 20]], [[1942]], with fifteen senior officials participating, led by [[Reinhard Heydrich]] and [[Adolf Eichmann]]. The records of this meeting provide the clearest evidence of central planning for the Holocaust. Days later, on [[February 22]], Hitler was recorded saying to his closest associates, "we shall regain our health only by eliminating the Jews". |
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[myg0t]Techno_Warrior |
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==World War II== |
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===Opening moves=== |
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<!-- missing images [[Image:Hitler.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Adolf Hitler saluting a crowd at a parade (undated photograph)]] |
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[[Image:Adolf_Hitler_im_Reichstag_Marz_1938.jpg|thumb|300px|March [[1938]]: Hitler receiving the [[Nazi salute]] from the [[Reichstag]] on the announcement of the [[annexation]] of his native Austria to Germany.]] --> |
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[myg0t]Tequila |
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On [[March 12]], [[1938]], Hitler pressured his native [[Austria]] into [[unification]] with Germany (the [[Anschluss]]) and made a triumphal entry into [[Vienna]]. Next he intensified a crisis over the German-speaking [[Sudetenland]] district of [[Czechoslovakia]]. This led to the [[Munich Agreement]] of September [[1938]], which [[United Kingdom|British]] [[prime minister]] [[Neville Chamberlain]] hailed as "Peace in our time". At Munich, Britain and France had weakly given way to his demands, averting war but failing to save Czechoslovakia. As a result of the summit Hitler was ''[[Time Magazine|TIME]]'' magazine's [[Man of the Year]] in 1938. |
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[myg0t]theMinkey |
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Hitler ordered Germany's army to enter [[Prague]] on [[March 10]], [[1939]], claiming territories ceded to [[Poland]] under the [[Treaty of Versailles|Versailles Treaty]]. Britain had not been able to reach an agreement with the [[Soviet Union]] for an alliance against Germany, and, on [[August 23]], [[1939]], Hitler concluded a secret [[non-aggression pact]] (the [[Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact]]) with [[Joseph Stalin|Stalin]] on which it was likely agreed that Soviet Union and Nazi Germany would split Poland. On [[September 1]] Germany invaded the Western portion of Poland. Britain and France, who had guaranteed assistance to Poland, declared war on Germany. Not long after this on September 17 the Soviet Union invaded Eastern Poland. |
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[myg0t]UCBarkeeper |
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[[Image:Adolf Hitler in Paris.jpg|thumb|right|Adolf Hitler in Paris, [[23 June]] [[1940]].]] |
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[[Image:Antonescu_and_hitler.jpg|right|thumb|Hitler with his [[Romania|Romanian]] ally [[Ion Antonescu]] (far left).]] |
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After conquering Western Poland by the end of September, Hitler built up his forces much further during what was colloquially called the ''[[Sitzkrieg]]'' (sitting war)( roughly corresponding to the British term ''Phoney War''). The ''Sitzkrieg'' ended in April [[1940]] when he ordered German forces to march into [[Denmark]] and [[Norway]]. In May 1940, Hitler ordered his forces to attack [[France]], conquering the [[Netherlands]], [[Luxembourg]] and [[Belgium]] in the process. France [[Surrender|surrendered]] on [[June 22]], [[1940]]. This series of victories convinced his main ally, [[Benito Mussolini]] of Italy, to join the war on Hitler's side in May 1940. |
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[myg0t]v0dka |
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[[United Kingdom|Britain]], whose forces had been driven from France at the coastal town of [[Dunkirk, France|Dunkirk]], continued to fight on alone in the [[Battle of the Atlantic]]. After having his overtures for peace systematically rejected by the British Government, now led by [[Winston Churchill]], Hitler ordered [[Bombing raid|bombing raids]] on the British Isles, leading to the [[Battle of Britain]], which was meant to be the [[prelude]] of a German invasion. However, the [[Royal Air Force|RAF]] defeated the [[Luftwaffe]] by the end of October 1940, and Hitler therefore ordered bombing raids to be carried out on British cities, including [[London]] and [[Coventry]], mostly at night. This was the so-called ''[[The Blitz|Blitz]]'' and it lasted until May [[1941]]. |
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[myg0t]vein |
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===Path to defeat=== |
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On [[June 22]], [[1941]], Hitler gave the signal for three million German troops to attack the [[Soviet Union]], breaking the [[non-aggression pact]] he had concluded with Stalin less than two years earlier. This invasion, called [[Operation Barbarossa]], seized huge amounts of territory, especially the [[Baltic]] states and [[Ukraine]], resulting in the [[encirclement]] and destruction of many Soviet forces. German forces were stopped short of [[Moscow]] in December 1941 by a harsh [[General Winter|winter]] and fierce Soviet resistance, however (see [[Battle of Moscow]]), and the invasion failed to achieve the quick triumph over the Soviet Union which Hitler had anticipated. |
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Hitler's declaration of war against the [[United States]] on [[December 11]], [[1941]], (which arguably was called for by Germany's treaty with [[Japan]]) set him against a coalition that included the world's largest empire (the [[British Empire]]), the world's greatest industrial and financial power (the [[United States|USA]]), and the world's largest army (the [[Soviet Union]]). |
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[myg0t]Voltron |
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In late [[1942]], German forces under [[Field Marshal|Feldmarschall]] [[Erwin Rommel]] were defeated in the [[Second Battle of El Alamein|second battle of El Alamein]], thwarting Hitler's plans to seize the [[Suez Canal]] and the [[Middle East]]. In February of [[1943]], the lengthy [[Battle of Stalingrad]] ended with the complete encirclement and destruction of the German [[German Sixth Army|6th Army by the armies of the Soviet Union. Both defeats were turning points in the war. After these, the quality of Hitler's military judgement became increasingly [[erratic]] and Germany's military and economic position deteriorated. Hitler's health was deteriorating too. His left hand started shaking uncontrollably. The biographer [[Ian Kershaw]] believes he suffered from [[Parkinson's disease]]. Other conditions that are suspected by some to have caused some (at least) of his symptoms are [[methamphetamine]] [[addiction]] and [[syphilis]]. |
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[myg0t]vpx |
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Hitler's ally [[Benito Mussolini]] was overthrown in [[1943]] after [[Operation Husky|British and American forces invaded Sicily]]. Throughout 1943 and [[1944]], the [[Soviet Union]] steadily forced Hitler's armies into retreat along the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|eastern front]]. On [[June 6]], [[1944]] the Western allied armies landed in northern France in what was the largest [[Amphibious warfare|Amphibious]] operation ever conducted, [[Operation Overlord]]. Realists in the German army knew defeat was inevitable and some officers plotted to remove Hitler from power. In July [[1944]] one of them, [[Claus von Stauffenberg]], planted a [[bomb]] at Hitler's military headquarters in [[Rastenburg]] (the so-called [[July 20 Plot]]), but Hitler narrowly escaped death. He ordered savage reprisals, resulting in the executions of more than 4,000 people (often by starvation in solitary confinement followed by slow [[strangulation]]). The resistance movement was crushed. |
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[myg0t]wicked |
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===Defeat and death=== |
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{{seemain|Hitler's death}} |
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[myg0t]xDenialx |
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[[Image:Hitler_bunker.jpg|thumb|350px|Adolf Hitler shaking hands with [[Feldmarschall]] [[Ferdinand Schörner]] in the bunker, one of the last known photos of Hitler.]] |
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[myg0t]z00mah |
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By the end of [[1944]] the [[Red Army]] had driven the last German troops from their territory and began charging into Central Europe. The [[Western Allies|western allies]] were also rapidly advancing into Germany. The Germans had lost the war from a military perspective, but Hitler allowed no [[negotiation]] with the Allied forces, and as a consequence the German military forces continued to fight. By April [[1945]] Soviet forces were at the [[Battle of Berlin|gates of Berlin]]. Hitler's closest lieutenants urged him to flee to [[Bavaria]] or Austria to make a last stand in the mountains, but he seemed determined to either live or die in the capital. [[Schutzstaffel|SS]] leader [[Heinrich Himmler]] tried on his own to inform the Allies (through the [[Swedish]] [[diplomat]] Count [[Folke Bernadotte]]) that Germany was prepared to discuss surrender terms. Hitler received news of this through Swedish radio and dismissed him. |
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[myg0t]zuZu |
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As Soviet troops battled their way in [[Urban warfare|street-to-street combat]] towards the [[Reich Chancellory]] in the centre of the city, Hitler committed suicide in the [[Führerbunker]] on [[30 April]] [[1945]], in [[Berlin]] by means of a self-delivered shot to the head (it is likely he simultaneously bit into a [[cyanide]] ampoule). Hitler's body and that of [[Eva Braun]], (his long-term mistress whom he had married the day before), were partially burned with [[petrol]] by Fuhrerbunker aides, and hastily buried shortly thereafter in the Chancellory garden with Russian shells pouring down from all directions, and with Russian infantry less than a few hundred meters away. |
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myg0t links: www.myg0t.com www.pwned.nl www.ytmnd.com |
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When Russian forces reached the Chancellory, they later exhumed his body and an autopsy was performed, using dental records (and German dental assistants who were familiar with them) to confirm the identification. To avoid any possibility of creating a potential shrine, the remains of Hitler and Braun were repeatedly moved, then secretly buried by [[SMERSH]] at their new headquarters in [[Magdeburg]]. In April [[1970]], when the facility was about to be turned over to the East German government, the remains were reportedly exhumed, thoroughly [[Cremation|cremated]], and the ashes finally dumped unceremoniously into the [[Elbe]]. |
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Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myg0t" |
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==Legacy== |
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"''I would have preferred it if he'd followed his original ambition and become an architect.''" |
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— [[Paula Hitler]], Hitler's younger sister, during an interview with a U.S. intelligence operative in late 1945. |
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At the time of Hitler's death most of Germany's [[infrastructure]] and major cities were in ruins and he had left explicit orders to complete the destruction. Millions of Germans were dead with millions more wounded or homeless. In his [[Will (law)|will]] he dismissed other Nazi leaders and appointed Grand [[Admiral]] [[Karl Dönitz]] as ''[[Reichspräsident]]'' (President of Germany) and [[Joseph Goebbels|Goebbels]] as ''[[Reichskanzler#Reichskanzler|Reichskanzler]]'' (Chancellor of Germany). However, Goebbels and his wife Magda committed suicide on [[1 May]] [[1945]]. On [[8 May]] [[1945]], in [[Reims]], [[France]], the German armed forces [[Unconditional surrender|surrendered unconditionally]] [[End of World War II in Europe|ending the war in Europe]] and with the creation of the [[Allied Control Council]] on [[5 June]] [[1945]], the Four Powers assumed "supreme authority with respect to Germany." Adolf Hitler's proclaimed ''Thousand Year Reich'' had lasted 12 years. |
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Since the defeat of Germany in World War II, Hitler, the Nazi Party and the [[Consequences of German Nazism|results of Nazism]] have been regarded in most of the world as synonymous with [[evil]]. Historical and [[Hitler in popular culture|cultural portrayals of Hitler]] in the west are almost uniformly negative, often neglecting to mention the adulation the German people bestowed on Hitler during his lifetime, though the vast majority of present-day Germans share a negative view of Hitler. |
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The copyright of Hitler's book ''[[Mein Kampf]]'' is held by the Free State of [[Bavaria]] and will expire in [[2015]]. Reproductions in Germany are generally authorized only for scholarly purposes and in heavily commented form. The display of [[Swastika|swastikas]] or other [[Nazi symbolism|Nazi symbols]] is prohibited in Germany and political extremists are generally under surveillance by the [[Verfassungsschutz]], one of the federal or state-based offices for the protection of the constitution. |
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Despite this there have been instances of public figures referring to his legacy in neutral or even favourable terms, particularly in [[South America]], the [[Islamic World]] and parts of [[Asia]]. Future [[Egypt|Egyptian]] President [[Anwar Sadat]] wrote favourably of Hitler in [[1953]]. |
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While some [[Revisionist history|Revisionist historians]] note Hitler's attempts to improve the economic and political standing and conditions of his people and claim his tactics were in essence no different from those of many other leaders in history, his methods and legacy, as interpreted by most historians, have caused him to be one of the most despised leaders in history, and indeed to many people, the very incarnation of [[evil]]. |
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{{seealso2|Consequences of German Nazism|Neo-Nazism}} |
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==Medical health== |
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{{seemain|Adolf Hitler's medical health}} |
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Hitler's medical health has long been the subject of debate, and he has variously been suggested to have suffered from [[irritable bowel syndrome]], [[skin lesion]]s, [[irregular heartbeat]], tremors on the left side of his body, [[syphilis]], [[Parkinson's disease]] and a strongly suggested addiction to [[methamphetamines]]. |
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==Hitler's family== |
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{{seemain|Hitler (disambiguation)}} |
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[[Image:Stammbaum Adolf Hitler 3.jpg|thumb|570px|center|Adolf Hitler's Genealogy]] |
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[[Image:Evabrown-by-Hitler.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Sketch of [[Eva Braun]] by Hitler]] |
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*[[Eva Braun]], mistress and then wife |
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*[[Alois Hitler]], father |
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*[[Klara Hitler]], mother |
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*[[Paula Hitler]], sister |
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*[[Alois Hitler, Jr.]], half-brother |
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*[[Bridget Dowling]], sister-in-law |
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*[[William Patrick Hitler]], nephew |
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*[[Angela Hitler|Angela Hitler Raubal]], half-sister |
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*[[Geli Raubal]], niece and rumoured mistress |
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*[[Maria Schicklgruber]], grandmother |
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*[[Johann Georg Hiedler]], presumed grandfather |
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*[[Johann Nepomuk Hiedler|Johann von Nepomuk Hiedler]], maternal great-grandfather, presumed great uncle and possibly Hitler's true paternal grandfather |
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===The origin of the name "Hitler"=== |
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There are two theories about the origin of the name "Hitler": |
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*(1) From [[German language|German]] ''Hüttler'' and similar, "one who lives in a hut", "shepherd". |
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*(2) From [[Slavonic languages|Slavonic]] ''Hidlar'' and ''Hidlarcek'' and similar. |
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== Trivia == |
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*The archives of the Finnish [[Yleisradio]] broadcasting company contain an audio tape segment of a Hitler conversation with Finnish Marshal [[Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim|Mannerheim]] and other officers which may be the only known recording of Hitler speaking in a conversational tone of voice rather than with the intense delivery he used for official speeches. It was secretly recorded by Finnish intelligence agents when Hitler unexpectedly flew to Finland to congratulate Marshall Mannerheim on his 75th birthday on [[4 June]] [[1942]]. According to the IMDb "His speech is 'working class language' and his turns of phrase reflect the speaker's educational shortcomings." Swiss actor [[Bruno Ganz]] is said to have studied the eleven-minute recording extensively while preparing for his portrayal of Hitler in the 2004 German film ''[[Der Untergang]]''. |
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*Most of Hitler's biographers have characterized him as a [[vegetarian]] who abstained from eating meat beginning in the early 1930s until his death (although his actual dietary habits are sometimes hotly disputed). A fear of cancer (which his mother [[Klara Hitler]] died from) is the most widely cited reason. He did consume [[dairy]] products and [[egg (food)|eggs]]. [[Martin Bormann]] constructed a large [[greenhouse]] close to the [[Berghof_(Hitler)|Berghof]] (near [[Berchtesgaden]]) in order to ensure a steady supply of fresh fruits and vegetables for Hitler throughout the war. Personal photographs of Bormann's children tending the greenhouse survive and by 2005 its foundations were among the only ruins visible in the area which were directly associated with Nazi leaders. For more information on this topic, see [[Vegetarianism of Adolf Hitler]]. |
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*Hitler did not like women to wear [[cosmetics]], since they contained animal by-products. |
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*He was susceptible to [[flatulence]] (which doctors attributed to his diet) and took various medications to lessen gas pains. |
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*Contrary to popular legend, there is some evidence Hitler did not abstain entirely from [[alcohol]]. During post war interrogation in the [[USSR]] his valet [[Heinz Linge]] indicated Hitler drank [[champagne (beverage)|champagne]] now and then with [[Eva Braun]]. |
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*He almost never wore a uniform to social engagements, which he attended frequently whenever in Berlin during the 1930s. |
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*At dinner he was known to complain about the quality of popular music in Germany, then hum a hit song with his own improvements. |
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*In response to a shortage of servants during the war, Hitler is reported to have said, "I stamp whole divisions into the dirt! And I can't get a few more serving wenches for the Berghof? Organise it now!" |
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*Hitler was an avid non-smoker and promoted aggressive anti-smoking campaigns throughout Germany. He reportedly promised a gold watch to any of his close associates who quit (and gave a few away). Several witness accounts relate that immediately after his suicide was confirmed, many officers, aides and secretaries in the Führerbunker lit cigarettes. |
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*During the early 20th century, ''Adolf'' was a popular name for German Jews. After World War II many survivors who had been born with this name changed it and the popularity of the name decreased dramatically. [http://learn.jtsa.edu/topics/reading/bomonth/dec00_hbcexcerpt.shtml] |
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*One of Hitler's self-given nicknames was ''Wolf'' – he began using this nickname in the early [[1920s]] and was addressed by that name only by those in his intimate circle (as "Uncle Wolf" by the Wagners) up until the fall of the Third Reich. (Kershaw 1999, 2000) The names of his various [[headquarters]] scattered throughout [[continental Europe]] ([[Wolfsschanze]] in [[East Prussia]], Wolfsschlucht in [[Belgium]], Werewolf in [[Ukraine]], etc.) seem to reflect this. {{fact}} |
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*A nickname for Hitler used by German soldiers was ''Gröfaz'', a derogatory acronym for ''Größter Feldherr aller Zeiten'' ("Greatest War Lord of all Time"), a title initially publicized by Nazi [[propaganda]] to refer to Hitler during the early war years. |
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*The 2004 film ''[[Der Untergang]]'' (''Downfall'') is partly based on the autobiography of [[Traudl Junge]], a favorite secretary of Hitler's. In 2002 Junge said she felt great guilt for "...liking the greatest criminal ever to have lived." |
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==Hitler's associates== |
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{{main2|List of Nazi Party leaders and officials|List of former Nazis influential after 1945}} |
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*[[Martin Bormann]], Adolf Hitler's Private Secretary. |
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*[[Hans Frank]], Hitler's lawyer and later senior Nazi official in occupied Poland. |
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*[[Joseph Goebbels]], Minister of Propaganda, 25th Chancellor of Germany. |
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*[[Hermann Göring]], Commander of the Luftwaffe, founder of the Gestapo. |
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*[[Rudolf Hess]], one-time Deputy Leader of the Nazi Party, best known for his flight to Scotland to negotiate peace in 1941. |
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*[[Reinhard Heydrich]], considered as a possible successor by Hitler, assassinated by a team of Czech agents on May 27, 1942. |
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*[[Heinrich Himmler]], leader of the SS, later the SA, as well as the Gestapo, key figure in the Holocaust and the "Final Solution". |
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*[[Heinrich Hoffmann]], official photographer from 1920 to 1945. |
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*[[Alfred Jodl]], military officer, knew Hitler since 1923. |
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*[[Wilhelm Keitel]], military Field Marshal during World War II. |
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*[[Leni Riefenstahl]], friend and filmmaker who documented the Nazi party. |
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*[[Erwin Rommel]], military Field Marshal during World War II. |
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*[[Ernst Röhm]], leader of the SA, shot on Hitler's orders in the [[Night of the Long Knives]]. |
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*[[Albert Speer]], Hitler's personal architect, Minister of armaments. |
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*[[Paul Troost]], famous architect who served before Speer. |
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==Documentaries== |
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* ''[[The World at War]]'' (1974) is a famous [[Thames_Television|Thames Television]] series which contains much information about Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany, including an interview with his secretary, [[Traudl Junge]]. |
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* ''Adolf Hitler's Last Days'', from the BBC series "Secrets of World War II" tells (obviously) the story about Hitler's last days. |
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*''[[Im toten Winkel|Blind Spot: Hitler's Secretary]]'' (2002) is an exclusive 90 minute interview with Traudl Junge, Hitler's final trusted secretary. Made by Austrian Jewish director André Heller shortly before Junge's death from lung cancer, Junge recalls the last days in the Berlin bunker. Clips used in ''Downfall''. |
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==Dramatizations== |
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* ''[[Hitler: Rise of Evil | Hitler: The Rise of Evil]]'' (2003) is a two-part TV series about the early years of Adolf Hitler and his rise to power (up to 1933) |
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* ''[[Der Untergang]]'' (2004) is a German movie about the last days of Adolf Hitler and the Third Reich |
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* ''[[Hitler: The Last Ten Days]]'' (1973) is a movie depicting the days leading up to Adolf Hitler's death |
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==Media== |
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{{commons|Adolf Hitler}} |
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{{multi-video start}} |
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{{multi-video item|filename=Adolf Hitler at Berchtesgaden.ogg|title=Hitler at Berchtesgaden |description= Video clips of Hitler at his mountain retreat in [[Berchtesgaden]], [[Germany]].|format=[[Theora]]}} |
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{{multi-video end}} |
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==Notes== |
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#{{note|about}} "[http://history1900s.about.com/library/holocaust/aa070197.htm 'Heil Schicklgruber!'???]," about.com (accessed June 11, 2005); Cecil Adams, "[http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a3_325b.html Was Hitler part Jewish?]," The Straight Dope (accessed June 11, 2005). |
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#{{note|Drummer}} Joachim C. Fest, "[http://ourcivilisation.com/smartboard/shop/festjc/chap2.htm The Drummer]," in ''The Face Of The Third Reich'' (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1970; accessed June 11, 2005). |
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#{{note|Volkswagen}} [http://www.hitler.org/artifacts/volkswagen/ Adolf Hitler and Volkswagen], Hitler Historical Museum, 1999 (accessed June 11, 2005). |
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#{{note|Victims}} "[http://www1.yadvashem.org/about_holocaust/faqs/answers/faq_3.html How many Jews were murdered in the Holocaust? How do we know? Do we have their names?]," from FAQs About The Holocaust, Yad Vashem (accessed June 11, 2005); "[http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/index.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005143 The Holocaust]," ''Holocaust Encyclopedia'', United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (accessed June 11, 2005). |
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#{{note|Victims_1}} "[http://www2.sptimes.com/Holocaust_museum/11_million.html 11-million perished]," ''St. Petersburg Times'', 1999 (accessed June 11, 2005); Karen Silverstrim, "[http://www.uca.edu/divisions/academic/history/cahr/holocaust.htm Overlooked Millions: Non-Jewish Victims of the Holocaust]," University of Central Arkansas (accessed June 11, 2005). |
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<!--READ ME!! PLEASE DO NOT JUST ADD NEW NOTES AT THE BOTTOM. See the instructions above on ordering. --> |
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==See also== |
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*[[:Category:Adolf Hitler]] |
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==Further reading== |
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{{wikiquote}} |
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{{commons|Adolf Hitler}} |
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{{Wikisource author}} |
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{{seemain|List of Adolf Hitler books}} |
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Many books have been written about Adolf Hitler with his life and legacy thoroughly researched. See [[List of Adolf Hitler books|this list]] for an extensive [[annotated bibliography]]. |
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==Hitler's speeches== |
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{{seemain|List of Adolf Hitler speeches}} |
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Hitler was a gifted [[orator]] who captivated many with his beating of the podium and growling speech. [[List of Adolf Hitler speeches| This is a list of his speeches]]. |
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== External links == |
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* [http://www.badley.info/history/Hitler-Adolf-Germany.biog.html Adolf Hitler Chronology World History Database] |
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* [http://www.hitler.org The Hitler Historical Museum] |
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* [http://wais.stanford.edu/Dictators/dictators_hitlermussolini.htm Leadership: Hitler and Mussolini] |
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* [http://www.adolfhitler.ws/ Extensive site on Adolf Hitler] |
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* [http://www.answers.com/hitler Answer.com: Hitler, several sources including Wikipedia] |
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* [http://www.adel-genealogie.de/Hitler/is_toc.htm Hitler's genealogy] |
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* [http://www.mondopolitico.com/library/meinkampf/introduction.htm Mondo Politico Library's presentation of Adolf Hitler's book, ''Mein Kampf'' (full text, formatted for easy on-screen reading)] |
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* [http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks02/0200601.zip Project Gutenberg of Australia downloadable eBook] |
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* [http://www.calvin.edu/academic/cas/gpa/hitler2.htm Photographs of Adolf Hitler] |
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* [http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/riseofhitler/25points.htm Hitler's 25 point national socialist program] |
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* {{imdb name|id=0386944|name=Adolf Hitler}} |
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*[http://www.third-reich-books.com/x-584-courier-adolf-hitler-1914-1918.htm Excerpt from book about Hitler's WWI military service] |
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* [http://www.threetwoone.org/diagrams/hitler-family-tree.gif A detailed chart of Hitler's family tree] |
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*[http://history1900s.about.com/library/holocaust/aa070197.htm Ancestry of Adolf Hitler: Who was Adolf's grandfather?] |
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* [http://samvak.tripod.com/hitler.html Assessment of Adolf Hitler] |
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*[http://www.straightdope.com/classics/a3_325b.html The Straight Dope: Was Hitler part Jewish?] |
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*[http://constitutionalistnc.tripod.com/hitler-leftist/id9.html Hitler was a Leftist] |
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*[http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6830236/ Hitler planned to kidnap the Pope and abolish Christianity] |
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*[http://timelines.ws/countries/GERM1939_1944.HTML Timeline Germany 1939-1944] |
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*[http://www.lawschool.cornell.edu/library/donovan/hitler 1943 Psychological Profile of Hitler] written by Dr. Henry A. Murray for the wartime [[Office of Strategic Services]] [1943 OSS Archives, DD247.H5 M87 1943] |
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*[http://www.fpp.co.uk/Hitler/house/SouthBend0702.html Hitler's Childhood Home] |
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*[http://www.historyplace.com/worldwar2/riseofhitler/ Comprehensive account of the rise of Hitler and the Nazi party] |
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*[http://www.third-reich-books.com/adolf-hitler.htm Adolf Hitler Speeches] |
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*[http://www.adolfhitler.ws/lib/speeches/text/speeches.htm Adolf Hitler speeches] |
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*[http://www.hitler.org/speeches/ Hitler's Speeches] |
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*[http://www.dowlingfamily.info/i1910hit.htm 1910 - 1940's Hitler: His Irish Connections by Tony McCarthy] |
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*[http://www.ns-archiv.de/index.php NS-Archiv] - Large collection of original scanned Nazi documents |
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*[http://www.ww2incolor.com/gallery/movies/hitler_color Color Footage of Hitler] - Watch color footage of Hitler during WWII |
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{{start box}} |
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{{succession box | before = [[Anton Drexler]] | title = [[National Socialist German Workers Party|Leader of the NSDAP]] | years = [[1921]]–[[1945]] | after = None}} |
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{{succession box | before = [[Franz Pfeffer von Salomon]] | title = [[Oberste SA-Führer|Leader of the SA]] | years = [[1930]]–[[1945]] | after = None}} |
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{{succession box | before = [[Kurt von Schleicher]] | title = [[Chancellor of Germany]]<sup>(a)</sup> | years = [[1933]]–[[1945]] | after = [[Joseph Goebbels]]}} |
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{{succession box | before = [[Paul von Hindenburg]] (as President) | title = [[Führer|''Führer'' of Germany]]<sup>(a)</sup> | years = [[1934]]–[[1945]] | after = [[Karl Dönitz]] (as President)}} |
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{{succession footnote| marker=<sup>(a)</sup>| footnote=The Presidency and the Chancellorship were combined 1934-1945 in the office of ''Führer und Reichskanzler}} |
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{{end box}} |
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Revision as of 21:18, 7 December 2005
myg0t (not Myg0t, mygot, Mygot or any variation) is an online gaming group (myg0t is NOT a clan) devoted to a technique of gaming called "raging". The myg0t is said to have originally formed in Chillicothe, Ohio.
Many people dislike myg0t due to the style of gaming that "g0ts" (members of myg0t) have adpopted. The premise of raging is simple: annoy as many people as possible and take screenshots to prove it. These screenshots are then cut up and the in-game chat is posted into a larger image called a "rage". This rage is then posted on the myg0t forums. Occaisionally, especially with HL2 based games, demos can be recorded and a video rage can be made.
myg0t is known to many as "the cheating clan", though this is untrue. It is true that a g0t might use a cheat or a number of cheats in order to rage a server, however, cheating is not myg0t's aim. Their aim is to spread chaos on online games, and in real life. They can be found in just about every game available, from Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing Games (MMORPG) such as World of Warcraft and Guild wars, to first person shooters such as Counter Strike and Battlefield 2.
Not every myg0t you will encounter in a game is a true myg0t. So long as you are raging an online game you are permitted to wear the myg0t tag to spread chaos and the myg0t mission.
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