Pierre Lyonnet

Pierre Lyonnet
Pierre Lyonnet
Born	July 22, 1708 Maastricht
Died	The Hague 10 October 1789
Scientific career
Fields	naturalist.

Pierre Lyonnet or Lyonet (Maastricht, 1708-07-22 - The Hague, 1789-10-10) was an artist and engraver who became a naturalist.

Biography

According to the RKD he was a pupil of Hendrik van Limborch, Carel de Moor, and Jan Wandelaar. He was secretary and translator (he spoke more than eight languages) for the government of the Dutch Republic.

Initially he trained as a lawyer before choosing to specialize in the engraving of natural history and the work of dissection. He illustrated Theology of the insects, or demonstration of the perfections of God in all that relates to the insects (1742) of Friedrich Christian Lesser (1692–1754) and Treatise on the polyps (1744) of Abraham Trembley (1710–1784). He then decided to make his do own observations and to write his own monograph on the anatomy of the insects. His first work appeared in 1750 under the name of Anatomical treatise of the caterpillar which corrodes the wood of Willow. He illustrated 4,041 different muscles thus. He lacked the anatomical knowledge of Jan Swammerdam (1637–1680) and of Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694) and his observations show it. His book was received with scepticism which affirmed that Lyonnet imagined the details which he drew with so much precision. It was to counter these criticisms, that he put in the second edition which appears in 1752, a drawing of its instruments and a description of its method. Lyonnet planned to study the chrysalis and the adult but, sixty years old, the tiredness of his eyes obliged him to stop his projects.

References

• Wellmann, Janina (2008). "Picture metamorphosis. hi transformation of insects from the end of the seventeenth to the beginning of the nineteenth century". NTM. 16 (2). Switzerland: 183–211. ISSN 0036-6978. PMID 19227706. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |laysummary=, |laydate=, |month=, and |laysource= (help)

Illustrations from Traité anatomique (1750)

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  Larve de la chenille
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  Système nerveux central
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  Muscles
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  Dissection de la tête
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  Cerveau et nerf de la tête
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  Microscope utilisé par Lyonet pour ses travaux de dissection (1752)

Literature

• Cryptology and statecraft in the Dutch Republic - Karl de Leeuw ISBN 9057760398
• Pierre Lyonet - W.H. Seters (1962)