Ingenuus: Difference between revisions
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:''This article is about the Roman commander named Ingenuus. For the Roman legal term for a freeborn man, see [[ingenui]].'' |
:''This article is about the Roman commander named Ingenuus. For the Roman legal term for a freeborn man, see [[ingenui]].'' |
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'''Ingenuus''' was a [[Roman Empire|Roman]] military commander, the imperial [[legatus|legate]] in [[Pannonia]],<ref name="Canduci, pg. 83">Canduci, pg. 83</ref> who became |
'''Ingenuus''' was a [[Roman Empire|Roman]] military commander, the imperial [[legatus|legate]] in [[Pannonia]],<ref name="Canduci, pg. 83">Canduci, pg. 83</ref> who became an [[Gallienus usurpers|usurper]] to the throne of the [[Emperor of Rome|emperor]] [[Gallienus]] when he led a brief and unsuccessful revolt in the year 260.<ref>Peachin, p.40; p.83</ref> Appointed by Gallienus himself,<ref name=Lead>Leadbetter, [www.roman-emperors.org/ingen.htm Ingenuus]</ref> Ingenuus served him well by repulsing a [[Sarmatian]] invasion and securing the Pannonian border, at least temporarily. Ingenuus had also been charged with the military education of [[caesar (title)|''Caesar'']] [[Valerian II|Cornelius Licinius Valerianus]], the young son of Emperor [[Gallienus]], but after the boy's death in 258, his position became perilous.<ref name=Lead/> |
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A well-liked and admired commander,<ref name="Canduci, pg. 83"/> Ingenuus found an opportunity to become the Roman Emperor when Valerian was captured and killed by [[Shapur I]] of the [[Sassanid Empire]].<ref name="Jones, pg. 457"/> Throwing off their allegiance to Valerian's son, the legions of [[Moesia]] proclaimed Ingenuus [[Roman Empire|Roman]] [[Emperor]] at [[Sirmium]] in 260.<ref name="Jones, pg. 457"/> Gallienus was in [[Germania]] on the [[Rhine]] frontier,<ref name="Canduci, pg. 83"/> so he acted quickly by recalling troops from [[Gaul]] and after a rapid march he met Ingenuus on the [[battle of Mursa (260)|battlefield]] at [[Mursa]].<ref name="Jones, pg. 457"/> The troops of Ingenuus were defeated, as Gallienus' general, [[Aureolus]], used to great effect the advantage given by the mobility of an improved cavalry component of the army, which was the remarkable military innovation wanted by the Emperor.<ref name=Lead/> |
A well-liked and admired commander,<ref name="Canduci, pg. 83"/> Ingenuus found an opportunity to become the Roman Emperor when Valerian was captured and killed by [[Shapur I]] of the [[Sassanid Empire]].<ref name="Jones, pg. 457"/> Throwing off their allegiance to Valerian's son, the legions of [[Moesia]] proclaimed Ingenuus [[Roman Empire|Roman]] [[Emperor]] at [[Sirmium]] in 260.<ref name="Jones, pg. 457"/> Gallienus was in [[Germania]] on the [[Rhine]] frontier,<ref name="Canduci, pg. 83"/> so he acted quickly by recalling troops from [[Gaul]] and after a rapid march he met Ingenuus on the [[battle of Mursa (260)|battlefield]] at [[Mursa]].<ref name="Jones, pg. 457"/> The troops of Ingenuus were defeated, as Gallienus' general, [[Aureolus]], used to great effect the advantage given by the mobility of an improved cavalry component of the army, which was the remarkable military innovation wanted by the Emperor.<ref name=Lead/> |
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Revision as of 09:31, 19 December 2014
| Ingenuus | |
|---|---|
| Usurper of the Roman Empire | |
 Ingenuus from Promptuarii Iconum Insigniorum | |
| Reign | 260[1] |
| Predecessor | Valerian |
| Successor | Gallienus |
| Died | 260 Mursa Major, Illyricum |
- This article is about the Roman commander named Ingenuus. For the Roman legal term for a freeborn man, see ingenui.
Ingenuus was a Roman military commander, the imperial legate in Pannonia,[2] who became an usurper to the throne of the emperor Gallienus when he led a brief and unsuccessful revolt in the year 260.[3] Appointed by Gallienus himself,[4] Ingenuus served him well by repulsing a Sarmatian invasion and securing the Pannonian border, at least temporarily. Ingenuus had also been charged with the military education of Caesar Cornelius Licinius Valerianus, the young son of Emperor Gallienus, but after the boy's death in 258, his position became perilous.[4]
A well-liked and admired commander,[2] Ingenuus found an opportunity to become the Roman Emperor when Valerian was captured and killed by Shapur I of the Sassanid Empire.[1] Throwing off their allegiance to Valerian's son, the legions of Moesia proclaimed Ingenuus Roman Emperor at Sirmium in 260.[1] Gallienus was in Germania on the Rhine frontier,[2] so he acted quickly by recalling troops from Gaul and after a rapid march he met Ingenuus on the battlefield at Mursa.[1] The troops of Ingenuus were defeated, as Gallienus' general, Aureolus, used to great effect the advantage given by the mobility of an improved cavalry component of the army, which was the remarkable military innovation wanted by the Emperor.[4]
Ingenuus died after the battle by drowning himself in a nearby river to avoid capture.[2]
Notes
References
- Leadbetter, William (1998). "Ingenuus (260 A.D.)". De Imperatoribus Romanis. Retrieved 2010-12-25.
{{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=(help) - Jones, A.H.M.; Martindale, J.R. (1987). The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. I: AD260-395. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. OCLC 490356338.
- Canduci, Alexander (2010). Triumph & Tragedy: The Rise and Fall of Rome's Immortal Emperors. Sydney: Murdoch Books. ISBN 978-1-74196-598-8.
- Peachin, Michael (1990). Roman imperial titulature and chronology, A.D. 235-284. Amsterdam: Gieben. OCLC 21388903. Retrieved 2010-12-25.