Temefos: Difference between revisions
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As with other organophosphates, temephos affects the [[central nervous system]] through inhibition of [[cholinesterase]]. In larvae, this results in death before reaching the adult stage. |
As with other organophosphates, temephos affects the [[central nervous system]] through inhibition of [[cholinesterase]]. In larvae, this results in death before reaching the adult stage. |
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In the [[developing world]] where the [[Vector (epidemiology)|vector]]-borne disease [[dengue fever]] is [[Endemic (epidemiology)|endemic]], temephos is widely used and applied by both private and public pest control in areas of [[standing water]] where the ''[[Aedes aegypti]]'' mosquito breeds in order to reduce the population of this disease-carrying insect.<ref>[http://nytimes.com/2006/03/26/international/africa/26worm.html?pagewanted=all ''New York Times'' article covering its application in Africa]</ref> Temephos is also used in the [[Guinea |
In the [[developing world]] where the [[Vector (epidemiology)|vector]]-borne disease [[dengue fever]] is [[Endemic (epidemiology)|endemic]], temephos is widely used and applied by both private and public pest control in areas of [[standing water]] where the ''[[Aedes aegypti]]'' mosquito breeds in order to reduce the population of this disease-carrying insect.<ref>[http://nytimes.com/2006/03/26/international/africa/26worm.html?pagewanted=all ''New York Times'' article covering its application in Africa]</ref> Temephos is also used in the [[Guinea worm eradication]] program to kill water fleas that carry guinea worm larvae. |
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Resistance to temephos by ''A. aegypti'' has been seen in [[Brazil]]. The Brazilian Aedes aegypti resistance monitoring program detected temephos resistance in ''A. aegypti'' populations from several localities in the country in 1999 (Funasa 2000, Lima et al. 2003). In 1999, mosquitoes from the city of [[Rio de Janeiro]] were already resistant to temephos.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Lima JB, Da-Cunha MP, Da Silva RC, ''et al.'' |title=Resistance of Aedes aegypti to organophosphates in several municipalities in the State of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo, Brazil |journal=Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. |volume=68 |issue=3 |pages=329–33 |year=2003 |pmid=12685640 |doi=}}</ref> |
Resistance to temephos by ''A. aegypti'' has been seen in [[Brazil]]. The Brazilian Aedes aegypti resistance monitoring program detected temephos resistance in ''A. aegypti'' populations from several localities in the country in 1999 (Funasa 2000, Lima et al. 2003). In 1999, mosquitoes from the city of [[Rio de Janeiro]] were already resistant to temephos.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Lima JB, Da-Cunha MP, Da Silva RC, ''et al.'' |title=Resistance of Aedes aegypti to organophosphates in several municipalities in the State of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo, Brazil |journal=Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. |volume=68 |issue=3 |pages=329–33 |year=2003 |pmid=12685640 |doi=}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 22:42, 25 January 2015
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name
O,O,O′,O′-Tetramethyl O,O′-sulfanediylbis(1,4-phenylene) diphosphorothioate
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| Other names
[4-(4-dimethoxyphosphinothioyloxyphenyl)sulfanylphenoxy]-
dimethoxy-sulfanylidene-phosphorane | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.020.175 |
| KEGG | |
| MeSH | Temefos |
PubChem CID
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|
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C16H20O6P2S3 | |
| Molar mass | 466.46 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | white, crystalline solid[1] |
| Density | 1.32 g cm-3 |
| Melting point | 30 °C (86 °F; 303 K) |
| Boiling point | 120–125[1] °C (248–257 °F; 393–398 K) |
| insoluble[1] | |
| Hazards | |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible)
|
15 mg/m3[1] |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Temefos or temephos (trade name Abate) is an organophosphate larvicide used to treat water infested with disease-carrying insects[2] including mosquitoes, midges, and black fly larvae.
As with other organophosphates, temephos affects the central nervous system through inhibition of cholinesterase. In larvae, this results in death before reaching the adult stage.
In the developing world where the vector-borne disease dengue fever is endemic, temephos is widely used and applied by both private and public pest control in areas of standing water where the Aedes aegypti mosquito breeds in order to reduce the population of this disease-carrying insect.[3] Temephos is also used in the Guinea worm eradication program to kill water fleas that carry guinea worm larvae.
Resistance to temephos by A. aegypti has been seen in Brazil. The Brazilian Aedes aegypti resistance monitoring program detected temephos resistance in A. aegypti populations from several localities in the country in 1999 (Funasa 2000, Lima et al. 2003). In 1999, mosquitoes from the city of Rio de Janeiro were already resistant to temephos.[4]
References
- ^ a b c d NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0589". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
- ^ Abate Product Information
- ^ New York Times article covering its application in Africa
- ^ Lima JB, Da-Cunha MP, Da Silva RC; et al. (2003). "Resistance of Aedes aegypti to organophosphates in several municipalities in the State of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo, Brazil". Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 68 (3): 329–33. PMID 12685640.
{{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in:|author=(help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)