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'''Ismailia''' ({{lang-ar|الإسماعيلية}} ''{{transl|ar|ALA|al-Ismāʻīlīyah }}'' {{IPA-arz|lesmæʕiˈlejjæ}}) is a city in north-eastern [[Egypt]]. Known in Egypt as "The City of Beauty and Enchantment" Ismaïlia is situated on the west bank of the [[Suez Canal]], it is the [[Capital (political)|capital]] of the [[Ismailia Governorate]]. The city has a [[population]] (including surrounding rural areas) of approximately 750,000 inhabitants. It is located approximately half way between [[Port Said]] to the north and [[Suez]] to the south. The Canal widens at that point to include [[Lake Timsah]], one of the [[Bitter Lakes]] linked by the Canal.
'''Ismailia''' ({{lang-ar|الإسماعيلية}} ''{{transl|ar|ALA|al-Ismāʻīlīyah }}'' {{IPA-arz|lesmæʕiˈlejjæ}}) is a city in north-eastern [[Egypt]]. Known in Egypt as "The City of Beauty and Enchantment" Ismaïlia is situated on the west bank of the [[Suez Canal]], it is the [[Capital (political)|capital]] of the [[Ismailia Governorate]]. The city has a [[population]] (including surrounding rural areas) of approximately 750,000 inhabitants. It is located approximately half way between [[Port Said]] to the north and [[Suez]] to the south. The Canal widens at that point to include [[Lake Timsah]], one of the [[Bitter Lakes]] linked by the Canal.

==History==
== History ==
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Zoetwaterkanaal te Ismailia met Hollandse ophaalbrug. TMnr 60002282.jpg|thumb|left|Ismalaïlia, ca. 1870]]
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Zoetwaterkanaal te Ismailia met Hollandse ophaalbrug. TMnr 60002282.jpg|thumb|left|Ismalaïlia, ca. 1870]]
Ismaïlia was founded in 1863, during the construction of the [[Suez Canal]], by Khedive [[Isma'il Pasha|Ismail the Magnificent]], after whom the city is named. Following the [[Battle of Kafr-el-Dawwar]] in 1882 the British established a base there.
Ismaïlia was founded in 1863, during the construction of the [[Suez Canal]], by Khedive [[Isma'il Pasha|Ismail the Magnificent]], after whom the city is named. Following the [[Battle of Kafr-el-Dawwar]] in 1882 the British established a base there.
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In 1973 the [[Battle of Ismailia]] took place in the city.
In 1973 the [[Battle of Ismailia]] took place in the city.

===Government and politics===
===Government and politics===
The [[History of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt|Muslim Brotherhood]] was founded in Ismaïlia by [[Hassan al-Banna]] in March 1928. An underground paramilitary wing was established in the 1940s, primarily to fight British occupation forces. In the early 1950s, Ismaïlia hosted the British Military HQ and the Civilian Administration Centre of the Canal Zone. British suppression of an uprising by rebellious Egyptian police there on 25 January 1952 was a key event leading to the overthrow of King Farouk I later that year and the Egyptian Revolution that followed. British forces pulled out of Ismaïlia in 1954.
The [[History of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt|Muslim Brotherhood]] was founded in Ismaïlia by [[Hassan al-Banna]] in March 1928. An underground paramilitary wing was established in the 1940s, primarily to fight British occupation forces. In the early 1950s, Ismaïlia hosted the British Military HQ and the Civilian Administration Centre of the Canal Zone. British suppression of an uprising by rebellious Egyptian police there on 25 January 1952 was a key event leading to the overthrow of King [[Farouk I]] later that year and the Egyptian Revolution that followed. British forces pulled out of Ismaïlia in 1954.

== Coptic Catholic Eparchy ==
On 1982.12.17 an Eparchy ([[Eastern Catholic]] Diocese) of Ismayliah was established on territory split off from the [[Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria]] ([[Alexandrian Rite]] in [[Coptic language]]), which remains its [[Metropolitan]]. Its episcopal see is St. Mark's [[cathedral]].

;''Suffragan Eparchs (Bishops of Ismayliah
* Athanasios Abadir (1982.12.17 – death 1992.05.25), previously [[Titular Bishop]] of [[Appia]] (1976.05.18 – 1982.12.17) & [[Patriarchal Vicar]] of [[Alexandria of the Copts]] (Egypt) (1976.05.18 – 1982.12.17)
* Youhannes Ezzat Zakaria Badir (1992.11.23 – 1994.06.23), later Eparch (Bishop) of [[Luqsor of the Copts]] (Egypt) (1994.06.23 – death 2015.12.27)
* Makarios Tewfik (1994.06.23 – ...)


==Education==
== Education ==
===Schools===
===Schools===
Ismaïlia has several public and private schools.They face educational problems schools all around Egypt face. Private tutoring is widely accessible and is almost an unofficial requirement for all students. Two international schools, [[Manar Language School]] and Educational Language Complex School (E.L.C) offer American Diploma and I.G.C.S. teaching systems.
Ismaïlia has several public and private schools.They face educational problems schools all around Egypt face. Private tutoring is widely accessible and is almost an unofficial requirement for all students. Two international schools, [[Manar Language School]] and Educational Language Complex School (E.L.C) offer American Diploma and I.G.C.S. teaching systems.
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Ismaïlia is the home of [[Suez Canal University]], established in 1976 to serve the region of Suez Canal and Sinai. Suez Canal University now is one of the fastest growing educational institutions in Egypt with many students studying abroad. The new university of [[Suez Canal University]] was established with the help of the Chinese Government.
Ismaïlia is the home of [[Suez Canal University]], established in 1976 to serve the region of Suez Canal and Sinai. Suez Canal University now is one of the fastest growing educational institutions in Egypt with many students studying abroad. The new university of [[Suez Canal University]] was established with the help of the Chinese Government.


==Arts and festivals==
== Culture and recreation ==
=== Arts and festivals ===
[[File:Virgin Mary Church.jpg|thumbnail|right|Virgin Mary Church known as "Guardian of the Canal", is one of many examples of French architecture in Ismaïlia]]
[[File:Virgin Mary Church.jpg|thumbnail|right|Virgin Mary Church known as "Guardian of the Canal", is one of many examples of French architecture in Ismaïlia]]
Ismailia hosts two important festivals each year. The first is the International Film Festival for Documentaries and Shorts that is held in June.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ismailiafilmfest.com/|website=Ismailia Film Festival|accessdate=4 August 2014}}</ref> In June 2014 the 17th consecutive festival was organized. The second is the Ismailia International Folklore Arts Festival that is held in September. In this festival folkloric troupes from all around the globe meet in Ismailia, where they perform folkloric dances representing the culture of their countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Templates/Articles/tmpArticles.aspx?CatID=1078#.U9_y6Xt5ElQ|website=Egypt State Information Service|accessdate=4 August 2014}}</ref>
Ismailia hosts two important festivals each year. The first is the International Film Festival for Documentaries and Shorts that is held in June.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ismailiafilmfest.com/|website=Ismailia Film Festival|accessdate=4 August 2014}}</ref> In June 2014 the 17th consecutive festival was organized. The second is the Ismailia International Folklore Arts Festival that is held in September. In this festival folkloric troupes from all around the globe meet in Ismailia, where they perform folkloric dances representing the culture of their countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Templates/Articles/tmpArticles.aspx?CatID=1078#.U9_y6Xt5ElQ|website=Egypt State Information Service|accessdate=4 August 2014}}</ref>


==Archaeological Museum==
=== Archaeological Museum ===
A major attraction is the [http://project-min.de/home/english/ismailia_en.html Ismailia Museum] which was built in 1932. Visitors will find a variety of significant archaeological finds especially from sites in the Ismailia governorate such as Tell el-Maskhuta, from North Sinai, and from Upper Egypt.
A major attraction is the [http://project-min.de/home/english/ismailia_en.html Ismailia Museum] which was built in 1932. Visitors will find a variety of significant archaeological finds especially from sites in the Ismailia governorate such as Tell el-Maskhuta, from North Sinai, and from Upper Egypt.


==Tourism==
=== Tourism ===
Ismaïlia does get tourists from within Egypt, but is not a major tourism destination for international tourists. The city is approximately a ninety-minute automobile drive from [[Cairo]]. From Ismaïlia it is approximately a four-hour drive to [[Sharm el-Sheikh]] in South [[Sinai Peninsula|Sinai]]. Driving to the [[Taba Border Crossing]] at [[Taba (Egypt)|Taba]] and the [[Rafah Border Crossing]] at [[Rafah]] are both approximately four hour drives.
Ismaïlia does get tourists from within Egypt, but is not a major tourism destination for international tourists. The city is approximately a ninety-minute automobile drive from [[Cairo]]. From Ismaïlia it is approximately a four-hour drive to [[Sharm el-Sheikh]] in South [[Sinai Peninsula|Sinai]]. Driving to the [[Taba Border Crossing]] at [[Taba (Egypt)|Taba]] and the [[Rafah Border Crossing]] at [[Rafah]] are both approximately four hour drives.


==Sports==
=== Sports ===
[[File:Ismaily-Club-Logo.png|150px|thumbnail|left|Club logo]]
[[File:Ismaily-Club-Logo.png|150px|thumbnail|left|Club logo]]
Ismaïlia owns the 3rd most successful club in Egypt in the field of Football, [[Ismaily SC|Ismaïlia's Sporting Club]]. The club's performance is considered a major political issue, and can tend to dictate the city's mood. The team enjoys brief stints of competition for local and international competition, but its financial situation prevents these stints from extending beyond a few years. The team has won the [[Egyptian Premier League|Egyptian League]] three times (1967, 1991, 2002), the [[Egyptian Soccer Cup|Egyptian Cup]] twice (1997, 2000), and the African Champions League once (1969).
Ismaïlia owns the 3rd most successful club in Egypt in the field of Football, [[Ismaily SC|Ismaïlia's Sporting Club]]. The club's performance is considered a major political issue, and can tend to dictate the city's mood. The team enjoys brief stints of competition for local and international competition, but its financial situation prevents these stints from extending beyond a few years. The team has won the [[Egyptian Premier League|Egyptian League]] three times (1967, 1991, 2002), the [[Egyptian Soccer Cup|Egyptian Cup]] twice (1997, 2000), and the African Champions League once (1969).


==Climate==
== Climate ==
[[Köppen-Geiger climate classification system]] classifies its climate as [[hot desert climate|hot desert]] (BWh).
[[Köppen-Geiger climate classification system]] classifies its climate as [[hot desert climate|hot desert]] (BWh).


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[[File:Ismailia Railway Station.jpg|thumbnail|right|Ismailia's railway station]]
[[File:Ismailia Railway Station.jpg|thumbnail|right|Ismailia's railway station]]


==Notable natives==
== Notable natives ==
*'''[[Osman Ahmed Osman]]''', a famous and influential Egyptian [[engineer]], [[General contractor|contractor]], [[entrepreneur]], and [[politician]], was born in this town on 6 April 1917.
*'''[[Osman Ahmed Osman]]''', a famous and influential Egyptian [[engineer]], [[General contractor|contractor]], [[entrepreneur]], and [[politician]], was born in this town on 6 April 1917.
*'''[[Tahiya Karioka]]''', a famous Egyptian [[belly dancer]] and film actress, was born in this town on 22 February 1919.
*'''[[Tahiya Karioka]]''', a famous Egyptian [[belly dancer]] and film actress, was born in this town on 22 February 1919.
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*'''[[Kazdağlıs (Egypt)]]''', Egyptian ayan household of the Faqari faction during 17th and 18th c. founded by Mustafa al-Kazdagli. Their leader became the de facto ruler of Egypt until Naplean's invasion. One of them, Ali Bey, attempted and failed to conquer essentially his own realm from his Egyptian base.
*'''[[Kazdağlıs (Egypt)]]''', Egyptian ayan household of the Faqari faction during 17th and 18th c. founded by Mustafa al-Kazdagli. Their leader became the de facto ruler of Egypt until Naplean's invasion. One of them, Ali Bey, attempted and failed to conquer essentially his own realm from his Egyptian base.


==References==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
* {{Cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/EG/7/Al_Ismailiyah.html|title=Geographical information on Al Ismailiyah, Egypt|accessdate=2008-03-23|author=Falling Rain Genomics, Inc}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}
* {{Cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/EG/7/Al_Ismailiyah.html|title=Geographical information on Al Ismailiyah, Egypt|accessdate=2008-03-23|author=Falling Rain Genomics, Inc}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}


==External links==
== Sources and External links ==
{{Commons Category|Ismailia}}
{{Commons Category|Ismailia}}
* [http://www.ismailia.gov.eg/ Ismaïlia governorate official website]
* [http://www.ismailia.gov.eg/ Ismaïlia governorate official website]
* [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/isma0.htm GCatholic ]
* [http://www.scuegypt.edu.eg/ Suez Canal University official website]
* [http://www.scuegypt.edu.eg/ Suez Canal University official website]
* [http://shortanimationstudio.blogspot.com/ Short animation festival in Ismaïlia ]
* [http://shortanimationstudio.blogspot.com/ Short animation festival in Ismaïlia ]

{{Coord|30|35|N|32|16|E|display=title}}
{{Coord|30|35|N|32|16|E|display=title}}
{{Egypt's largest cities by population}}
{{Egypt's largest cities by population}}

Revision as of 13:15, 3 February 2016

For the branch of Shia Islam, see Ismailism. For the foraminiferan genus, see Ismailia (genus).
Ismailia
الإسماعيلية
Administrative building
Administrative building
Flag of Ismailia
Flag
Official seal of Ismailia
Seal
Nickname(s): 
The City of Beauty and Enchantment
Country Egypt
GovernorateAl Isma'iliyah
Area
 • Total
210 km2 (80 sq mi)
Elevation
13 m (43 ft)
Population
 (2012)
 • Total
366,669
 • Density1,700/km2 (4,500/sq mi)
DemonymIsmailiata
Time zoneUTC+2 (EST)
Area code+69 +64

Ismailia (Template:Lang-ar al-Ismāʻīlīyah  Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [lesmæʕiˈlejjæ]) is a city in north-eastern Egypt. Known in Egypt as "The City of Beauty and Enchantment" Ismaïlia is situated on the west bank of the Suez Canal, it is the capital of the Ismailia Governorate. The city has a population (including surrounding rural areas) of approximately 750,000 inhabitants. It is located approximately half way between Port Said to the north and Suez to the south. The Canal widens at that point to include Lake Timsah, one of the Bitter Lakes linked by the Canal.

History

Ismalaïlia, ca. 1870

Ismaïlia was founded in 1863, during the construction of the Suez Canal, by Khedive Ismail the Magnificent, after whom the city is named. Following the Battle of Kafr-el-Dawwar in 1882 the British established a base there.

The head office of the Suez Canal Authority is located in Ismaïlia at the shore of Lake Timsah. It still has a large number of buildings dating from British and French involvement with the Canal. Most of these buildings are still used by Canal employees and officials.

During World War I the British had an air base there and the Battle of Romani took place nearby.

In 1973 the Battle of Ismailia took place in the city.

Government and politics

The Muslim Brotherhood was founded in Ismaïlia by Hassan al-Banna in March 1928. An underground paramilitary wing was established in the 1940s, primarily to fight British occupation forces. In the early 1950s, Ismaïlia hosted the British Military HQ and the Civilian Administration Centre of the Canal Zone. British suppression of an uprising by rebellious Egyptian police there on 25 January 1952 was a key event leading to the overthrow of King Farouk I later that year and the Egyptian Revolution that followed. British forces pulled out of Ismaïlia in 1954.

Coptic Catholic Eparchy

On 1982.12.17 an Eparchy (Eastern Catholic Diocese) of Ismayliah was established on territory split off from the Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria (Alexandrian Rite in Coptic language), which remains its Metropolitan. Its episcopal see is St. Mark's cathedral.

Suffragan Eparchs (Bishops of Ismayliah

Education

Schools

Ismaïlia has several public and private schools.They face educational problems schools all around Egypt face. Private tutoring is widely accessible and is almost an unofficial requirement for all students. Two international schools, Manar Language School and Educational Language Complex School (E.L.C) offer American Diploma and I.G.C.S. teaching systems.

Universities

Ismaïlia is the home of Suez Canal University, established in 1976 to serve the region of Suez Canal and Sinai. Suez Canal University now is one of the fastest growing educational institutions in Egypt with many students studying abroad. The new university of Suez Canal University was established with the help of the Chinese Government.

Culture and recreation

Arts and festivals

Virgin Mary Church known as "Guardian of the Canal", is one of many examples of French architecture in Ismaïlia

Ismailia hosts two important festivals each year. The first is the International Film Festival for Documentaries and Shorts that is held in June.[1] In June 2014 the 17th consecutive festival was organized. The second is the Ismailia International Folklore Arts Festival that is held in September. In this festival folkloric troupes from all around the globe meet in Ismailia, where they perform folkloric dances representing the culture of their countries.[2]

Archaeological Museum

A major attraction is the Ismailia Museum which was built in 1932. Visitors will find a variety of significant archaeological finds especially from sites in the Ismailia governorate such as Tell el-Maskhuta, from North Sinai, and from Upper Egypt.

Tourism

Ismaïlia does get tourists from within Egypt, but is not a major tourism destination for international tourists. The city is approximately a ninety-minute automobile drive from Cairo. From Ismaïlia it is approximately a four-hour drive to Sharm el-Sheikh in South Sinai. Driving to the Taba Border Crossing at Taba and the Rafah Border Crossing at Rafah are both approximately four hour drives.

Sports

File:Ismaily-Club-Logo.png
Club logo

Ismaïlia owns the 3rd most successful club in Egypt in the field of Football, Ismaïlia's Sporting Club. The club's performance is considered a major political issue, and can tend to dictate the city's mood. The team enjoys brief stints of competition for local and international competition, but its financial situation prevents these stints from extending beyond a few years. The team has won the Egyptian League three times (1967, 1991, 2002), the Egyptian Cup twice (1997, 2000), and the African Champions League once (1969).

Climate

Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as hot desert (BWh).

The hottest recorded temperature was 47 °C (117 °F) on June 14, 1944 while the coldest recorded temperature was −2 °C (28 °F) on February 9, 1991.[3]

Climate data for Ismaïlia
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 30
(86) 		36
(97) 		40
(104) 		44
(111) 		44
(111) 		47
(117) 		45
(113) 		41
(106) 		44
(111) 		40
(104) 		37
(99) 		32
(90) 		47
(117)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 19.2
(66.6) 		20.9
(69.6) 		23.3
(73.9) 		28.6
(83.5) 		31.8
(89.2) 		34.8
(94.6) 		35.7
(96.3) 		35.3
(95.5) 		33.1
(91.6) 		30
(86) 		25.4
(77.7) 		20.9
(69.6) 		28.2
(82.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 14.8
(58.6) 		16.1
(61.0) 		18.3
(64.9) 		22.9
(73.2) 		25.7
(78.3) 		28
(82) 		29.8
(85.6) 		29.6
(85.3) 		27.8
(82.0) 		24.8
(76.6) 		20.3
(68.5) 		15.9
(60.6) 		22.8
(73.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 7.6
(45.7) 		8.3
(46.9) 		10.3
(50.5) 		14.1
(57.4) 		16.4
(61.5) 		19.5
(67.1) 		21.3
(70.3) 		21.5
(70.7) 		19.7
(67.5) 		16.6
(61.9) 		12.7
(54.9) 		8.9
(48.0) 		14.7
(58.5)
Record low °C (°F) 1
(34) 		−2
(28) 		2
(36) 		7
(45) 		3
(37) 		10
(50) 		13
(55) 		14
(57) 		12
(54) 		9
(48) 		4
(39) 		2
(36) 		−2
(28)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 7
(0.3) 		6
(0.2) 		7
(0.3) 		2
(0.1) 		2
(0.1) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		2
(0.1) 		6
(0.2) 		5
(0.2) 		37
(1.5)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 1.1 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.5 3.5
Average relative humidity (%) 57 54 49 43 42 46 48 51 54 55 58 60 51.4
Source 1: NOAA,[4] Climate Charts[5]
Source 2: Voodoo Skies for record temperatures[3]
Ismailia's railway station

Notable natives

References

  1. ^ Ismailia Film Festival http://www.ismailiafilmfest.com/. Retrieved 4 August 2014. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  2. ^ Egypt State Information Service http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Templates/Articles/tmpArticles.aspx?CatID=1078#.U9_y6Xt5ElQ. Retrieved 4 August 2014. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  3. ^ a b "Ismailia, Egypt". Voodoo Skies. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  4. ^ "Dabaa Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved April 5, 2015.
  5. ^ "Ismailia, Egypt: Climate, Global Warming, and Daylight Charts and Data". Climate Charts. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ismailia.

30°35′N 32°16′E / 30.583°N 32.267°E / 30.583; 32.267 Template:Egypt's largest cities by population

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