Ranger V-770: Difference between revisions

V-770
	Preserved Ranger V-770
Type	Piston aero-engine
Manufacturer	Ranger Aircraft Engine Division
First run	Template:Avyear
Major applications	Curtiss SO3C Seamew

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The Ranger V-770 was an American air-cooled inverted V-12 aero-engine developed by the Ranger Aircraft Engine Division of the Fairchild Engine & Aircraft Corporation in the early 1930s.^[1]

Design and development

In 1931, the V-770 design was put to paper, based on the Ranger 6-440 series of inverted inline air-cooled engines, and test flown in the Vought XSO2U-1 Scout. In 1938 it was tested in the Curtiss SO3C Seamew and found to be unreliable with a tendency to overheat in low-speed flight.^[2]^[3] By 1941 a more developed V-770 was installed in the Fairchild XAT-14 Gunner prototype and was used in the production Fairchild AT-21 Gunner gunnery school aircraft.^[4]

Produced from 1941 to 1945, the V-770 featured a two-piece aluminum alloy crankcase, steel barreled cylinders with integral aluminum alloy fins and aluminum alloy heads. The V-770 was the only American inverted V12-type inline air-cooled engine to reach production. The engine was used in very few Army Air Forces aircraft, among them the short lived Fairchild AT-21 twin-engine bomber trainer,^[5] and in the two Bell XP-77 light-weight fighter prototypes.

Variants

V-770-4: Installed in the Vought XSO2U-1 scout aircraft
V-770-6: Installed in the Fairchild XAT-14 Gunner prototype, intended for the Ryan SOR-1 Scout
V-770-7: Installed in the Bell XP-77 lightweight fighter prototype
V-770-8: Installed in the Curtiss SO3C Seamew Scout.^[3]
V-770-9: Installed in the North American XAT-6E Texan prototype.^[4]
V-770-11: Installed in the Fairchild AT-21 Gunner.^[4]
V-770-15: Installed in the Fairchild AT-21 Gunner.^[4]
GV-770: Geared un-supercharged variants.^[6]
SV-770: Supercharged direct-drive variants.^[6]
SGV-770: Supercharged & geared variants.^[6]
SGV-770C-1: Tested in the Curtiss XF6C-7 Hawk Fighter-Bomber at 350 hp.^[3]
SGV-770C-B1: Installed in the Ikarus 214 prototype
SGV-770D-5: Developed for post-war commercial use,^[1] 700 hp (kW) at 3,600 RPM, weight 870 lb (395 kg), height 31.11 in (790 mm), length 74.92 in (1,900 mm), width 33.28 in (846 mm)

Applications

Bell XP-77
Curtiss SO3C
Edo OSE
Fairchild F-46 (Duramold)
Fairchild AT-21
Fairchild BQ-3
Ikarus 212
Ikarus 213 / Utva 213 Vihor / Government Factories Type 213 Vihor
Ikarus 214 (prototype)
Vought XSO2U

Specifications (SGV-770C-1)

Data from Janes Fighting Aircraft of World War II (1989) ^[1]

General characteristics

Type: 12-cylinder inverted Vee piston engine
Bore: 4 in (101.6 mm)
Stroke: 5 1⁄8 in (130.2 mm)
Displacement: 773 in³ (12.6 L)
Length: 62 in (1,574.8 mm)
Width: 28 in (711.2 mm)
Height: 32.2 in (817.88 mm)

Components

Valvetrain: Single overhead camshaft (SOHC) (1 shaft per bank), gear driven
Supercharger: Single-Speed, Single-Stage, produced 45 inches of mercury (1.5 bar, 7.5 psi) at take-off
Fuel system: Holley non-icing carburetor
Fuel type: 87 octane petrol
Oil system: Full pressure type
Cooling system: Air-cooled

Performance

Power output: 520 hp at 3,150 rpm (387.7 kW)
Specific power: 0.673 hp/in³
Compression ratio: 6.5:1
Power-to-weight ratio: 0.71 hp/lb

Survivors

Carolinas Aviation Museum - one restored engine in storage
Two engines in the Davis Aircraft private collection
One survives at Cincinnati State Aviation school
One V770-7 is at the Museum of Flight restoration center.
One modified V770 survives in an art car by Michael Leeds ^[7]
The Yankee Air Museum has a V-770 on display.

References

^ ^a ^b ^c Jane, Frederick Thomas; Bridgman, Leonard; Gunston, Bill (1989), 0-517-67964-7 Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II, London: Random House, ISBN 1-85170-493-0 {{citation}}: Check |url= value (help)
^ Smith, Herschel H. (1986), Aircraft Piston Engines: From the Manly Balzer to the Continental Tiara, SunflowerUniversity Press, p. 255, ISBN 978-0-89745-079-9
^ ^a ^b ^c Eden, Paul; Moeng, Soph (2002), The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft, London: Amber Books, ISBN 978-0-7607-3432-2
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Swanborough, F. G.; Bowers, Peter M. (1964), United States Military Aircraft Since 1909, New York: Putnam, ISBN 0-85177-816-X
^ Ranger V-770 Inverted, National Museum of the USAF, archived from the original on 30 December 2008, retrieved 7 November 2008 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) Includes photo
^ ^a ^b ^c Bridgman, Leonard (1937). Grey, C.G. (ed.). Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1937. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd.
^ Blown Ranger

[Janes-1] Jane, Frederick Thomas; Bridgman, Leonard; Gunston, Bill (1989), 0-517-67964-7 Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II, London: Random House, ISBN 1-85170-493-0 {{citation}}: Check |url= value (help)

[2] Smith, Herschel H. (1986), Aircraft Piston Engines: From the Manly Balzer to the Continental Tiara, SunflowerUniversity Press, p. 255, ISBN 978-0-89745-079-9

[EdenMoeng-3] Eden, Paul; Moeng, Soph (2002), The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft, London: Amber Books, ISBN 978-0-7607-3432-2

[Swanborough-4] Swanborough, F. G.; Bowers, Peter M. (1964), United States Military Aircraft Since 1909, New York: Putnam, ISBN 0-85177-816-X

[Museum-5] Ranger V-770 Inverted, National Museum of the USAF, archived from the original on 30 December 2008, retrieved 7 November 2008 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help) Includes photo

[JAWA1937-6] Bridgman, Leonard (1937). Grey, C.G. (ed.). Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1937. London: Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd.

[7] Blown Ranger

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
 <!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]]. Please see [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft/page content]] for recommended layout. -->
 {|{{Infobox Aircraft Begin
- |name=V-770
+|name              = V-770
- |image=Ranger V-770 Inverted.jpg
+|image             = Ranger V-770 Inverted.jpg
- |caption=Preserved Ranger V-770
+|caption           = Preserved Ranger V-770
 }}
 {{Infobox Aircraft Engine
- |type=[[Piston]] [[aircraft engine|aero-engine]]
+|type              = [[Piston]] [[aircraft engine|aero-engine]]
- |manufacturer= [[Fairchild Ranger|Ranger Aircraft Engine Division]]
+|manufacturer      = [[Fairchild Ranger|Ranger Aircraft Engine Division]]
- |first run={{avyear|1931}}
+|first run         = {{avyear|1931}}
- |major applications= [[Curtiss SO3C Seamew]]
+|major applications= [[Curtiss SO3C Seamew]]
- |number built =
+|number built      =
- |program cost =
+|program cost      =
- |unit cost = $11,000 U.S. Dollars ''circa 1944''<ref name="Museum" />
+|unit cost         = $11,000 U.S. Dollars ''circa 1944''<ref name="Museum" />
- |developed from =
+|developed from =
- |developed into =
+|developed into =
- |variants with their own articles =
 }}
 |}
+The '''Ranger V-770''' was an American air-cooled inverted [[V12 engine|V-12]] aero-engine developed by the [[Ranger/Fairchild Engines|Ranger Aircraft Engine Division]] of the [[Fairchild Aircraft|Fairchild Engine & Aircraft Corporation]] in the early 1930s.<ref name="Janes">{{citation|title=Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II|url=https://books.google.com/books?q=editions:ISBN 0-517-67964-7|first1=Frederick Thomas|last1=Jane| first2=Leonard|last2=Bridgman|first3=Bill|last3=Gunston|publisher=Random House|location=London|year=1989|isbn=1-85170-493-0}}</ref>
-The '''Ranger V-770''' was an American air-cooled inverted [[V12 engine|V-12]] aero-engine developed by the [[Ranger/Fairchild Engines|Ranger Aircraft Engine Division]] of the [[Fairchild Aircraft|Fairchild Engine & Aircraft Corporation]] in the early 1930s.<ref name="Janes">{{citation | title=Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II | url= https://books.google.com/books?q=editions:ISBN 0-517-67964-7 | first1= Frederick Thomas | last1= Jane | first2=Leonard | last2=Bridgman | first3=Bill | last3= Gunston | publisher= Random House | location = London | year= 1989 | isbn = 1-85170-493-0}}</ref>
 ==Design and development==
+In 1931, the '''V-770''' design was put to paper, based on the [[Ranger L-440|Ranger 6-440]] series of inverted inline air-cooled engines, and test flown in the [[Vought]] XSO2U-1 Scout. In 1938 it was tested in the Curtiss [[SO3C Seamew]] and found to be unreliable with a tendency to overheat in low-speed flight.<ref>{{citation|title=Aircraft Piston Engines: From the Manly Balzer to the Continental Tiara|first=Herschel H.|last=Smith|publisher=SunflowerUniversity Press|year=1986|isbn=978-0-89745-079-9|url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/aircraft-piston-engines-from-the-manly-balzer-to-the-continental-tiara/oclc/14253144|page=255}}</ref><ref name="EdenMoeng">{{citation|title=The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6xMYAAAACAAJ|first1=Paul|last1=Eden|first2=Soph|last2=Moeng|publisher=Amber Books|location=London|year=2002|isbn=978-0-7607-3432-2}}</ref> By 1941 a more developed '''V-770''' was installed in the [[Fairchild AT-21|Fairchild XAT-14 Gunner]] prototype and was used in the production [[Fairchild AT-21|Fairchild AT-21 Gunner]] gunnery school aircraft.<ref name="Swanborough">{{citation|title=United States Military Aircraft Since 1909|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3QZUAAAAMAAJ&q=V-770|first1=F. G.|last1=Swanborough|first2=Peter M.|last2=Bowers|publisher=Putnam|location=New York|isbn=0-85177-816-X|year=1964}}</ref>
+Produced from 1941 to 1945, the '''V-770''' featured a two-piece aluminum alloy crankcase, steel barreled cylinders with integral aluminum alloy fins and aluminum alloy heads. The '''V-770''' was the only American inverted V12-type inline air-cooled engine to reach production. The engine was used in very few Army Air Forces aircraft, among them the short lived [[Fairchild AT-21]] twin-engine bomber trainer,<ref name="Museum">{{citation |url=http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=853|title=Ranger V-770 Inverted|publisher=National Museum of the USAF|accessdate=7 November 2008|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081230004530/http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=853|archivedate=30 December 2008}} Includes photo</ref> and in the two [[Bell XP-77]] light-weight fighter prototypes.
-In 1931, the '''V-770''' design was put to paper, based on the [[Ranger L-440|Ranger 6-440]] series of inverted inline air-cooled engines, and test flown in the [[Vought]] XSO2U-1 Scout. In 1938 it was tested in the Curtiss [[SO3C Seamew]] and found to be unreliable with a tendency to overheat in low-speed flight.<ref>{{citation | title=Aircraft Piston Engines: From the Manly Balzer to the Continental Tiara | first=Herschel H. | last=Smith | publisher=Sunflower University Press | year=1986 | isbn=978-0-89745-079-9 | url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/aircraft-piston-engines-from-the-manly-balzer-to-the-continental-tiara/oclc/14253144 | page=255 | format=}}</ref><ref name="EdenMoeng">{{citation | title=The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6xMYAAAACAAJ | first1=Paul | last1=Eden | first2=Soph |last2=Moeng | publisher=Amber Books | location = London | year=2002 | isbn=978-0-7607-3432-2}}</ref> By 1941 a more developed '''V-770''' was installed in the [[Fairchild AT-21|Fairchild XAT-14 Gunner]] prototype and was used in the production [[Fairchild AT-21|Fairchild AT-21 Gunner]] gunnery school aircraft.<ref name="Swanborough">{{citation | title=United States Military Aircraft Since 1909 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3QZUAAAAMAAJ&q=V-770 | first1=F. G. | last1= Swanborough | first2=Peter M. |last2=Bowers | publisher=Putnam | location =New York | isbn=0-85177-816-X | year=1964}}</ref>
-Produced from 1941 to 1945, the '''V-770''' featured a two-piece aluminum alloy crankcase, steel barreled cylinders with integral aluminum alloy fins and aluminum alloy heads. The '''V-770''' was the only American inverted V12-type inline air-cooled engine to reach production. The engine was used in very few Army Air Forces aircraft, among them the short lived [[Fairchild AT-21]] twin-engine bomber trainer,<ref name="Museum">{{citation |url=http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=853 |title=Ranger V-770 Inverted |publisher=National Museum of the USAF |accessdate=2008-11-07 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081230004530/http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=853 |archivedate=2008-12-30 |df= }} Includes photo</ref> and in the two [[Bell XP-77]] light-weight fighter prototypes.
 ==Variants==
-[[File:Ranger V-770 engine installation in Bell XP-77A.jpg|thumb|right|V-770-7 installation in a mockup of the Bell XP-77.]]
+[[File:Ranger V-770 engine installation in Bell XP-77A.jpg|thumb|right|V-770-7 installation in a mockup of the Bell XP-77]]
 ;V-770-4: Installed in the [[Vought XSO2U-1]] scout aircraft
 ;V-770-6: Installed in the [[Fairchild XAT-14 Gunner]] prototype, intended for the [[Ryan SOR-1]] Scout
-;V-770-7: Installed in the [[Bell XP-77]] light-weight fighter prototype
+;V-770-7: Installed in the [[Bell XP-77]] lightweight fighter prototype
-;V-770-8: Installed in the [[Curtiss SO3C Seamew]] Scout.<ref name="EdenMoeng" />
+;V-770-8: Installed in the [[Curtiss SO3C Seamew]] Scout.<ref name="EdenMoeng"/>
-;V-770-9: Installed in the [[North American XAT-6E Texan]] prototype.<ref name="Swanborough" />
+;V-770-9: Installed in the [[North American XAT-6E Texan]] prototype.<ref name="Swanborough"/>
-;V-770-11: Installed in the [[Fairchild AT-21]] Gunner.<ref name="Swanborough" />
+;V-770-11: Installed in the [[Fairchild AT-21]] Gunner.<ref name="Swanborough"/>
-;V-770-15: Installed in the [[Fairchild AT-21]] Gunner.<ref name="Swanborough" />
+;V-770-15: Installed in the [[Fairchild AT-21]] Gunner.<ref name="Swanborough"/>
-;GV-770:Geared un-supercharged variants.<ref name=JAWA1937>{{cite book |title=Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1937 |editor1-last=Grey |editor1-first=C.G. |year=1937 |publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & company, ltd |location=London |author2-last=Bridgman|author2-first=Leonard}}</ref>
+;GV-770:Geared un-supercharged variants.<ref name=JAWA1937>{{cite book|title=Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1937|editor1-last=Grey|editor1-first=C.G.|year=1937|publisher=Sampson Low, Marston & Co. Ltd.|location=London|author1-last=Bridgman|author1-first=Leonard}}</ref>
 ;SV-770:Supercharged direct-drive variants.<ref name=JAWA1937/>
 ;SGV-770:Supercharged & geared variants.<ref name=JAWA1937/>
-;SGV-770C-1: Tested in the [[Curtiss XF6C-7 Hawk]] Fighter-Bomber at 350&nbsp;hp.<ref name="EdenMoeng" />
+;SGV-770C-1: Tested in the [[Curtiss XF6C-7 Hawk]] Fighter-Bomber at 350&nbsp;hp.<ref name="EdenMoeng"/>
 ;SGV-770C-B1:Installed in the [[Ikarus 214]] prototype
-;SGV-770D-5: Developed for post-war commercial use,<ref name="Janes" /> 700&nbsp;hp (kW) at 3,600 RPM, weight 870&nbsp;lb (395&nbsp;kg), height 31.11 in (790&nbsp;mm), length 74.92 in (1,900&nbsp;mm), width 33.28 in (846&nbsp;mm)
+;SGV-770D-5: Developed for post-war commercial use,<ref name="Janes"/> 700&nbsp;hp (kW) at 3,600 RPM, weight 870&nbsp;lb (395&nbsp;kg), height 31.11 in (790&nbsp;mm), length 74.92 in (1,900&nbsp;mm), width 33.28 in (846&nbsp;mm)
 ==Applications==
@@ Line 62: / Line 58: @@
 |<!-- If you do not understand how to use this template, please ask at [[Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Aircraft]] -->
 <!-- Please include units where appropriate (main comes first, alt in parentheses). If data are missing, leave the parameter blank (do not delete it). For additional lines, end your alt units with )</li> and start a new, fully formatted line with <li> -->
-|ref=Janes Fighting Aircraft of World War II (1989) <ref name="Janes" />
+|ref=Janes Fighting Aircraft of World War II (1989) <ref name="Janes"/>
 |type= 12-cylinder inverted Vee piston engine
 |bore= 4 in (101.6 mm)
 |stroke= 5 <small>{{frac|1|8}}</small> in (130.2 mm)
-|displacement= 773 in<sup>3</sup> (12.6 L)
+|displacement= 773 in³ (12.6 L)
 |length= 62 in (1,574.8 mm)
-|diameter=
 |width= 28 in (711.2 mm)
 |height= 32.2 in (817.88 mm)
-|weight= 730 lb (331 kg)
+|dryweight= 730 lb (331 kg)
 |valvetrain= [[Single overhead camshaft]] (SOHC) (1 shaft per bank), gear driven
 |supercharger= Single-Speed, Single-Stage, produced 45 inches of mercury (1.5 bar, 7.5 psi) at take-off
-|turbocharger=
 |fuelsystem= Holley non-icing carburetor
 |fueltype= 87 octane petrol
@@ Line 80: / Line 74: @@
 |coolingsystem= Air-cooled
 |power= 520 hp at 3,150 rpm  (387.7 kW)
-|specpower=  0.673 hp/in<sup>3</sup>
+|specpower=  0.673 hp/in³
 |compression= 6.5:1
 |fuelcon=
@@ Line 89: / Line 83: @@
 ==Survivors==
-*[[Carolinas Aviation Museum]] 1 restored engine in storage
+* [[Carolinas Aviation Museum]] - one restored engine in storage
-*2 engines in the Davis Aircraft private collection*
+* Two engines in the Davis Aircraft private collection
-*One survives at [[Cincinnati State Aviation school]]
+* One survives at [[Cincinnati State Technical and Community College|Cincinnati State Aviation school]]
-*One V770-7 is at the Museum of Flight restoration center.
+* One V770-7 is at the Museum of Flight restoration center.
-*One modified V770 survives in an art car by Michael Leeds <ref>http://blastoland.com/blastoland/BLOWN_RANGER_BUILD.html</ref>
+* One modified V770 survives in an art car by Michael Leeds <ref>[http://blastoland.com/blastoland/BLOWN_RANGER_BUILD.html Blown Ranger]</ref>
-*The [[Yankee Air Museum]] has a V-770 on display.
+* The [[Yankee Air Museum]] has a V-770 on display.
 ==See also==
 {{aircontent
-<!-- other related articles that have not already linked: -->
 |see also=
-<!-- designs which were developed into or from this aircraft: -->
 |related=
-<!-- aircraft that are of similar role, era, and capability as this design: -->
-|similar aircraft=
-<!-- relevant lists that this aircraft appears in: -->
 |lists=
 *[[List of aircraft engines]]
-<!-- For aircraft engine articles.  Engines that are of similar to this design: -->
 |similar engines=
 *[[Argus As 410]]

v t e Ranger/Fairchild aircraft engines
Ranger military designations	L-390 L-410 L-440 V-770
Ranger civil designations	6-390B 6-410B 6-440C SGV770B
Fairchild turbojets	J44 J83
American Helicopter	XPJ49
See also: Fairchild aircraft

v t e United States military piston aircraft engine designation system
H (four-bank H-configuration inline)	H-1640 XH-2240 XH-2470 XH-2600 XH-3130 XH-3730 H-4070
IV (inverted-V inline)	IV-1430 IV-2040 IV-2220
L (single-bank inline)	L-330 L-365 L-375 L-390 L-410 L-440 L-510 L-825
O (opposed)	O-15 O-40 O-45 O-90 O-100 O-145 O-150 O-170 O-175 O-180 O-190 O-200 (C) O-200 (F) O-205 O-235 O-290 O-300 O-335 O-360 (C) O-360 (L) O-405 O-425 O-435 O-470 O-480 O-520 O-540 (F) O-540 (L) O-550 O-580 O-805 O-1230
R (radial)	R-250 R-265 R-270 R-370 (LB) R-370 (K) R-420 R-440 R-500 R-540 (W) R-540 (K) R-545 R-550 R-600 R-670 R-680 R-720 R-755 R-760 R-790 R-830 R-915 R-975 DR-980 R-985 R-1044 R-1300 R-1340 R-1454 R-1510 R-1535 R-1640 R-1670 R-1690 R-1750 R-1820 R-1830 R-1860 R-2000 R-2060 R-2160 R-2180 R-2600 R-2800 R-3350 R-4090 R-4360 XR-7755
V (upright-V inline)	V-720 V-1150 V-1237 V-1400 V-1440 V-1460 V-1510 V-1560 V-1570 V-1650 (P) V-1710 V-1950 V-3420
V (inverted-V inline)	V-770 V-1650 (L)
VG (inverted-V inline)	VG-1410
W (three-bank W-configuration inline)	W-2779
See also: X-1800 US military gas turbine aeroengines Piston engine configurations