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[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1952 births]
[[Category:1952 births]

==Career==
{{More citations needed section|date=May 2020}}
He has three PhD in philosophy, sociology and [[Fiqh]]. He has studied and taught [[Islam]] in Iran for more than 30 years. His most prominent teacher was [[Ayatollah Abdollah Javadi-Amoli]]. Naqvi is the principal of Jamia Urwa-tul-Wusqa and Jamia Jaffria, Shia Islamic seminaries in [[Lahore]] and [[Gujranwala]] respectively. He is also the principal of Jamia Ummul Kitaab in [[Lahore]], head of Deen-ul-Qayyim Online Islamic school and Siraat Education School System. Naqvi is also the editor of the monthly magazine Masharab-e-Naab. He is a staunch supporter of the [[Iranian Revolution|Islamic Revolution of Iran]]. In many of his speeches he propagates the hard-line version of [[Wilayat-e-Fiqh]].<ref>Raheislam monthly magazine vol. 26-page 42</ref>


== Allegations and controversies ==
== Allegations and controversies ==

Revision as of 15:41, 12 July 2020

Not to be confused with Syed Sajid Ali Naqvi.

Allama
علامہ
Syed Jawad Naqvi
سید جواد نقوی
File:Syed Jawad Naqvi.jpg
Chancellor of Jamia Urwa-tul-Wusqa
In office
2005–present
Preceded byPosition established
Principal of Howza Ilmia Jamia Jaffria
In office
1982–present
Preceded byMufti Jafar Hussain
Chairman of Siraat Education Schooling System
In office
1989–present
Preceded byPosition established
Islamic Revolutionary Cleric
Personal details
Born (1952-03-05) 5 March 1952 (age 72)
Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
NationalityPakistan
Alma materQom Seminary, Iran
OccupationIslamic scholar, teacher, public speaker
WebsiteIslami Markaz
ReligionIslam
DenominationTwelver Shīʿā
MadhhabJaʿfari
Notable works (in Urdu)Islam-e-Naab, Inqlab-e-Islami, Wilayat-e-Faqīh, Insan Shanasi, Afkar-e-Imam Khomeini

Allama Syed Jawad Naqvi (Template:Lang-ar) (born 1952) is an eminent Pakistani Twelver Shia cleric religious leader and Quran interpreter.[1]. . He has three PhDs in Philosophy, Sociology and Fiqh. He has studied and taught islam in Iran for more than 30 years. His most prominent teacher was Ayatollah Abdollah Javadi-Amoli. Naqvi is the Chancellor of Jamia Urwa-tul-Wusqa Islamic University in Lahore and Principal of Howza ilmeya jamia jaffria Islamic University in Gujranwala, Ummul Kitaab Ladies Islamic University in Lahore, Head/Principal of Deen-ul-Qayyim online Islamic University and Chairman of Siraat Education Schooling System. He is also Principal of many Islamic schools. He is often called as the representative of Wilayat-e-Faqih in Pakistan, The Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist, also called the Governance of the Jurist (Template:Lang-fa) . Naqvi has delivered more than 12000 lectures on various topics including Wilayat-e-Faqih.


Ayatollah Syed Jawad Naqvi is significant for his unique style of preaching of Islam-e-Naab, the pure Islam, stepping away from the traditional practice among Shia Muslims Ulama of confronting Sunni Muslims beliefs and delivering dialogue-filled sermons.[2] He is commonly Known as Ustad-e-Mothram or Farzand-e-inqelab. He focuses on implementing Islam in today's world, rather than living in the past. Naqvi is also the founder of the monthly magazine Masharab-e-Naab.[3] His lectures and speeches [4] make him unique from other Muslim Urdu scholars. He is a staunch supported of the Islamic Revolution of Iran. In many of his speeches he propagates theories of Wilayat-e-Fiqh in a unique style.[5]

Jamia Urwa-tul-Wusqa

Allama Syed Jawad Naqvi is the founder and principal of the seminary Jamia Urwa-tul-Wusqa.[6] Jamia Urwa-tul-Wusqa (Urdu: حوزہ علمیہ جامعہ عروۃ الوثقیٰ‎) is a Shia public research university in Lahore Provincial Capital of Punjab, Pakistan. The University is one of the top Islamic institutions of Pakistan which has qualified team of teachers and researchers This seminary is popular in Lahore, Punjab in Pakistan, and other neighboring countries including Iran, Afghanistan and India. He is also the principal of Jamia Jaffria and Jamia Ummul-Kitab for women; and Jamia Deen-ul-Qayim Virtual Islamic Seminary. He is Also principal of many Islamic schools. [7]

Jamia Ummul Kitab

Jamia Ummul Kitab is a seminary for girls with 2500 students.

Howza Ilmeya Jamia Jafaria

Jamia Jaffria was founded by Mufti Jafar Hussain in 1979. It is located in Gujranwala. Now, it is affiliated to Jamia Urwa-tul-Wusqa.

Jamia Deen ul Qayyim Virtual Seminary

Jamia Deen ul Qayyim is a virtual seminary to deliver education online to registered people from all walks of life with no age limit and prerequisite education.

Bethat Islamic Research Centre (MATAB) Publications

Naqvi has written many books on the Quran, Pan Islamic Unity, Karbala and Islam including:

  • Islam and Secularism
  • Adaab-e-Fahm-e-Quran
  • Aqdar-e-Ashura
  • Fitna Akhruz Zaman
  • Wahdat Ummat Ka Faramoush Rukn
  • Rasm-i-Shabiri
  • Hussain (pbuh)-Waris-e-Anbia
  • Karbala ek hi rasta

Although most of his works are in Urdu, some of his publications have been translated into English, such as

  • The Candle of the Path of Allah
  • Defeated Velvet Revolution in Iran
  • Values of Aashura
  • The Philosophy of Islam
  • The System of Wilayat
  • Nuclear Deal or No Deal
  • War on Yemen
  • Recognition of Quran
  • Basis of Wilayat-e-Faqeeh

Syed Zulfikar Ali Mosvi has taken responsibility of translating his important books into Kashmiri such as The System of Wilayat and Rasm-i-Shabiri.

Bethat Educational TV Channel (بعثت تعلیمی ٹی وی چینل)

Bethat Educational TV Channel[8] is the official satellite TV channel of the Howza e ilmiya Jamia Urwa-tul-Wuthqa. Bethat Educational Islamic TV Channel broadcasts special educational programs for children, women, youth and general public.[9]

Islamic Awakening Movement (تحریک بیداری امت مصطفیٰ ص)

Ustad Syed Jawad Naqvi is the founder and leader of movement of Islamic Awakening in the sub-continent. ″Tehreek e Baidari e Ummat e Mustafa SAWW″ was launched in the congregation of 7 October 2012 held at Nasir Bagh Lahore in condemnation of blasphemy against Prophet Muhammad(pbuh). Gatherings were held throughout Pakistan in order to initiate a movement against nations such as the US and Israel who were held responsible for this blasphemy.[10]According to Syed Jawad Naqvi, Tehreek e Baidari e Ummat e Mustafa SAWW (Islamic Awakening Movement) is not an organizational set-up of any political party but it is a socio-cultural and educational movement for the mobilization of Ummah. Islamic Awakening or Islamic revival is global phenomenon of political Islam which started in 20th century and was expedited by Islamic Revolution in Iran.

Friday Revival (احیائے جمعۃ المبارک) [11]

In March 2015, just after the inauguration of Jamia Masjid Allama Mufti Jaffar, Friday prayer has been started there and Ustad Syed Jawad Naqvi delivered more than 70 Friday sermons there. His Friday lectures are translated to English and Persian.[12] [13] Soon his famous speeches will be translated into Hindi and Kashmiri languages by Raheislam Educational Organisation.

Controversy

In 2013, Naqvi was banned by Punjab Chief Minister Shahbaz Sharif from lecturing at Masjid-e-Muhammadi in Lahore, over the fears that his lectures would incite action against oppression.[14][15][16] This occurred after Police deliberately prevented Naqvi's security from entering the mosque, sparking mass protests outside the mosque. Allegedly his security guard was carrying unlicensed weapon [14]

Allegations against Naqvi

In a report of an American Institute, he has been described as pro-Iran and alleged to be financially supported by Iran. Alex Vatanka writes in an article titled "The Guardian of Pakistan's Shia"[17] published by Hudson Institute, a strategic think-tank based in Washington

"Accordingly, many of Pakistan's Shia religious figures have become highly vocal and partisan supporters of Khamenei. For example, Syed Jawad Naqvi, a true prominent Islamic preacher and the head of a state of the art Shia seminary in Pakistan, idealizes the theocracy in the Islamic Republic of Iran and calls himself a devoted follower of Khamenei. He has additionally published articles as well as a book denouncing Iran's anti-clerical Green opposition movement. Surprisingly, Naqvi's seminary was reportedly established in part with financial support from the local people of Pakistan."

Further, the reference section says, "There are references in some Iranian media to Naqvi as Pakistan's 'Hassan Nasrallah', the fiery leader of Lebanese Hezbollah."

The Iranian-American Forum, an anti-Islamic Republic forum, published a documentary report and alleged that he is representative of Syed Ali Khamenei, the Supreme Leader of Iran. The report says that the media of the Islamic Republic of Iran regard him as the leader of Pakistani Shias.[18]

US blogger Zahir Ebrahim wrote about Syed Jawad Naqvi in "The Rise of Revolutionary Islam in Pakistan – A Report on Behavior Control".[19] He says, "Whereas “Hujjatul Islam” Syed Jawad Naqvi makes me a tad nervous because of his superlative brilliance and eloquence. He is a new phenomenon in Pakistan. A most dynamic and unusually learned scholar by my measure." He further adds, "Whereas this respected new theological savant in Pakistan, 'Hujjatul Islam' Syed Jawad Naqvi, is visibly an overzealous exponent of the 'Khomeinist revolution'. He most eloquently employs the poetic verses of both Allama Iqbal, and the Holy Qur’an, to argue for that mode of national governance for Pakistan as the only way out of the subjugation of the Pakistanis, to be led by the Shia in Pakistan under the spiritual and political guidance of the global valih-e-faqih du jour who is presently Ali Hosseini Khamenei, the current Supreme Leader of Iran."

Works about Naqvi's views

Some researchers have contributed works about his political ideology.

1. Politics of Shi‘i Identity in South Asia: Syed Jawad Naqvi's Concept of Wilayat-i Fiqh [20] by Wendy Qian (Centre for Modern Indian Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen.

2. "Notes from the Margins: Shi‘a Political Theology in Contemporary Pakistan" [21] by Mashal Saif, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, US.

See also

References

  1. ^ Rise of revolutionary Islam in Pakistan
  2. ^ Syed Jawad Naqvi on respecting Ayesha
  3. ^ Magazine Mashrab e Naab --http://www.mashrabenaab.com
  4. ^ Lectures & Speeches of Agha Syed Jawad Naqvi-- http://www.islamimarkaz.com
  5. ^ Raheislam monthly magazine vol. 26 page 42
  6. ^ http://jow.edu.pk/
  7. ^ http://www.deenulqayyim.com/
  8. ^ http://www.islamimarkaz.com/imi/view_lecture.aspx?id=2234/
  9. ^ http://bethat.tv/
  10. ^ http://islamimarkaz.com/user_selected_top_lec.asp?id=507
  11. ^ fridayrevival.com
  12. ^ http://fridayrevival.com/index.php/category/library/english-translations/
  13. ^ http://fridayrevival.com/index.php/category/library/persian/
  14. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference pt was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  15. ^ CM Sharif Bans Shia Scholar Syed Jawad Naqvi/
  16. ^ Punjab CM Shahbaz bans Shia scholar Syed Jawad Naqvi
  17. ^ https://www.hudson.org/research/9863-the-guardian-of-pakistan-s-shia
  18. ^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9fMMyQOahY
  19. ^ https://bloghumanbeingsfirst.wordpress.com/2013/11/22/rise-of-revolutionary-islam-in-pakistan-by-zahirebrahim/
  20. ^ https://www.academia.edu/32376516/Politics_of_Shii_Identity_in_South_Asia_Syed_Jawad_Naqvis_Concept_of_Wilayat-i_Fiqh
  21. ^ http://journals.miu.ac.ir/backend/uploads/3d6326052ef44f6fc518683e5a0cfdace1226c8d.pdf

[[Category:1952 births]

Allegations and controversies

In a 2012 report by , he has been described as pro-Iran and to be financially supported by Iran. Alex Vatanka writes in an article titled "The Guardian of Pakistan's Shia"[1] published by Hudson Institute, a strategic think-tank based in Washington. It says:

"Accordingly, many of Pakistan’s Shia religious figures have become highly vocal and partisan supporters of Khamenei. For example, Syed Jawad Naqvi, a prominent activist preacher and the head of a recently-launched Shia seminary in Pakistan, idealizes the theocracy in the Islamic Republic of Iran and calls himself a devoted follower of Khamenei. He has additionally published articles as well as a book denouncing Iran’s anti-clerical Green opposition movement.27 Not surprisingly, Naqvi’s seminary was reportedly established in part with financial support from the Iranian state."[1]

Self-identified justice activist Zahir Ebrahim of Project Humanbeingsfirst.org wrote an e-mail to Naqvi about his speech speech of 18 Nov 2013, in the e-mail he criticized Naqvi on various premises, some of them are,[2]

...how the rise of “revolutionary Islam” is being encouraged in Pakistan in reaction to Shia slaughter from the emotional lectures of Allama Syed Jawad Naqvi...

...in a nation where the life of any ordinary Shia Muslim (and Sunni Muslim) is spent in cold blood for far less crime than that — their name merely being a Shia sounding name for instance, taken off passenger busses and shot point blank for merely that offense! No murderous drone attack has so far been launched on Jamea Orwathul Wuthqa by empire. And no suicide bomber from among the Tafriki-Deobandi pirates has dared lower his arms at Jamea Orwathul Wuthqa in return for the good Allama routinely labeling these terrorists “waeshi darinde”, meaning, wild animals. And no intelligence agency has opened an investigation into how the imposing and rich campus of Jamea Orwathul Wuthqa in Lahore is being funded any more than they ever bother to look into how the Tafriki-Deobandi madrassas throughout Pakistan are being funded. Surely the donors and their trail of money is trivial to uncover in today’s day and age...

Who is funding, and protecting, this Shia madrassa in Pakistan which is so openly pro-Iran and pro Ayatollah Ali Hosseini Khamenei? Does Pakistan want the broad envelope of its domestic and international policies determined from Iran — to replace Western hegemony with Iranian hegemony?...

The e-mail was replied on behalf of Naqvi, to which Zahir Ebrahim responded,[2]

...response from the Iranian sponsored Shia pulpit of Pakistan occupied in the name of Imam Ali and the Ahlul Bayt of the Prophet of Islam. Do Pakistani Shias want an absolute dictator like this valih-e-faqih spokesman ruling them... ...I still await a forthright response from the learned man himself to whom I wrote my letter... ...That term Superman is Nietzschean, and means one who treats himself as beyond the criterion that he postulates for others. On that yardstick, the “Hujjatul-Islam” of Pakistan has already hanged himself many times over as a Superman. While Allama Syed Jawad Naqvi’s sheepish flock in Pakistan and elsewhere desperately seeking a savior may not always command much rational intelligence in analytically parsing his brilliant oratory, emotional sloganeering is all they are evidently capable of in these most difficult of times facing the Shias worldwide, that and of course barking at anyone who dares to challenge their master, there are some who are not so easily fooled by pious words of salesman for “revolutionary Islam”.

In 2019, an article in The News described him of having "uniquely Iran-centered career".[3] As recent as January 2020, he has been described as "a major supporter of Iran’s theocracy" by Foreign Policy, an American news publication.[4]

In 2013, Mohammadi Masjid stopped Naqvi’s sermons after there was scuffle occurred when Police prevented Naqvi's security from entering the mosque, sparking mass protests outside the mosque. Allegedly his security guard was carrying unlicensed weapon. Police accused students of Naqvi, for creating the chaos and roughing up the cameraman, the varsity condemned the irresponsible behavior of the police.[5] Subsequently, Naqvi was banned by Punjab Chief Minister Shahbaz Sharif from lecturing at Mohammadi Masjid in Lahore.[6][7][8]

In 2020, after his alleged comparison of Azadari with Tarawih during a lecture, Indian daily and weekly Urdu newspapers Sahafat and Nauroz published articles critical to him. [9] [10] [11] Indian daily and Urdu newspaper Sahafat and Hindi newspaper Bhumitra again criticised his May 29, 2020 Friday sermon,[12] for targeting Indian Shia leadership. [13] [14]

Views on Women's role

According to academic scholar Wendy Qian, Syed Jawad Naqvi holds over all socially conservative views about women's role. Qian says, Naqvi's views on women seems to have been influenced by South Asian conservative Islamic advise literature and over all he reiterates same views with only addition that he expects women's role in his idealistic Islamic political revolution in Pakistan,[8] on which he has written a book "The Role of Women towards the System of Wilayat". In 2019, Naqvi termed Aurat March Organisers ‘Most Evil Of All Women’.[15]

Works

Books

Naqvi has written many books on the Quran, Pan Islamic Unity, Karbala and Islam including:[16]

Urdu

  • وحدت امّت مسلمه کا تاريخى مطالبه / Vaḥdat-i ummat Muslimah kā tārīk̲h̲ī mut̤ālabah, Islāmābād : Markaz-i Taḥqīqāt-i Islāmī Baʻs̲at, 2008, 213 p. On the importance and need of unity in Islam; ummah (Islam).
  • اقدار عاشورا / Aqdār-i ʻĀshūrā, Islāmābād : Matāb Pablīkeshanz, 2010, 381 p. On the eminence of Tenth of Muḥarram, role of Ḥusayn ibn ʻAlī, d. 680 in the Battle of Karbalāʼ, Iraq, 680.
  • آداب فهم قرآن / Ādāb-i fahm-i Qurʼān, Lāhore : Matāb Pablīkeshanz, 2012-, multiple volumes. On the sciences of Qur'an.
  • حسين ورث انبياء / Ḥusain varis̲-i Anbiyāʼ, Islāmābād : Markaz-i Taḥqīqāt-i Islāmī Baʻs̲at : Matāb Pablīkeshanz, 2012, 305 p. On the eminence of Ḥusayn ibn-i ʻAlī, d. 680.
  • وحدت امّت : اسلام کا فراموش‌شده رکن / Vaḥdat-i ummat : Islām kā farāmūshʹshudah rukan, Islāmābād : Markaz-i Taḥqīqāt-i Islāmī Baʻs̲at, 2013, 491 p. On the importance and need of unity in Islam.
  • فتنۀ آخرالزمان / Fitnah-yi Āk̲h̲iruzzamān, Islāmʹābād : Matāb Pablīkeshanz, 2013, 217 p. On different types of violences in Islam, according to Shi'as.
  • اسلام اور سيکولرازم / Islām aur sekūlarizm, Islāmābād : Matāb Pablīkeshanz, 2014, 207 p. Comparative study of Islam and Secularism.
  • فلسفۀ قيام امام حسين / Falsafah-yi qiyām-i Imām-i Ḥusain, Islāmābād : Matāb Pablīkeshanz, 2014, 226 p. On the eminence of Ḥusayn ibn ʻAlī, d -680 with special reference to the Battle of Karbalā, Iraq, 680.
  • کربلا : حق و باطل ميں جدائى کا معيار / Karbalā : ḥaqq o bāt̤il men̲ judāʼī kā miʻyār, Islāmābād : Matāb Pablīkeshanz, 2014, 296 p. Study on the battle of Karbalāʼ.
  • کربلا اتمام حجّت / Karbalā itmām-i ḥujjat, Lāhore : Matāb Pablīkeshanz, 2015, 241 p. Study on the battle of Karbalāʼ.
  • آفات امّت / Āfāt-i ummat, Matāb Pablīkeshanz, 2016, 305 p. Guidelines for 21st century Shīʼah's in Pakistan; collected speeches.
  • امامت کى سرزمين پر اجنبى سائے / Imāmat kī sarzamīn par ajnabī sāʼe, [Pakistan] : Pairavān-i Valāyat-i Pākistān, 2016, 169 p. Speeches on the Shīʻah politics; Islam and politics in Gilgit-Baltistān.
  • سنن الهى در قرآن / Sunan-i iláhī dar Qurāʼn, Islāmābād : Matāb Pablīkeshanz, 2017, 2 volumes. On the interpretation of the Qurʼan with special reference to the sunna of God in Islam; Shīʻah viewpoint.
  • دشمن شناسى از نظر قرآن / Dushman shināsī az naz̤r-i Qurʼān, Islāmābād : Matāb Pablīkeshanz, 2017, 266 p. Enemies in the light of Qurʼanic teaching.
  • داستان امامت فراموشى و قصّۀ احيائے امامت / Dāstān-i imāmat farāmoshī va qiṣṣah-yi aḥyā-yi imāmat, Islāmābād : Matāb Pablīkeshanz, 2018, 296 p.
  • فطرت / Fit̤rat, Islāmābād : Matāb Pablīkeshanz, 2018, 188 p.

English

  • Defeated velvet revolution in Iran, Qom, Iran : Matab publications, 2009, 159 p.
  • The Role of Women towards the System of Wilayat[17]

Works about Naqvi's views

  • "Politics of Shi‘i Identity in South Asia: Syed Jawad Naqvi's Concept of Wilayat-i Fiqh'", Centre for Modern Indian Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen.[8]
  • "Notes from the Margins: Shi‘a Political Theology in Contemporary Pakistan", Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, US.[18][dead link]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b https://www.hudson.org/research/9863-the-guardian-of-pakistan-s-shia
  2. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference bhf was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ "Shia Islam in colonial India and Pakistan | Dialogue | thenews.com.pk". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  4. ^ Weinstein, Adam. "South Asia's Shiites Are Eschewing Sectarianism". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
  5. ^ Chaos at Majlis, Cops held Responsible
  6. ^ CM Sharif Bans Shia Scholar Syed Jawad Naqvi Archived 26 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine/
  7. ^ Punjab CM Shahbaz bans Shia scholar Syed Jawad Naqvi
  8. ^ a b c Qian, Adrian Wendy. "Politics of Shi'i Identity in South Asia: Syed Jawad Naqvi's Concept of Wilayat-i Fiqh". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ^ "'Nauroz' Urdu Weekly, Published From Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India" (weekly). nauroz.in (in Urdu). Lucknow: Nauroz International News NtworkK. 1 May 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
  10. ^ Abbas, Aman (20 May 2020). "'Sahafat' Urdu Daily, Published From Mumbai, Maharashtra, India" (daily). www.sahafat.xyz (in Urdu). No. 111. Lucknow: Daily Sahafat. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
  11. ^ "'Sahafat' Urdu Daily, Published From Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India" (daily). www.sahafat.xyz (in Urdu). No. 113. Lucknow: Sahafat Daily. 11 May 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2020.
  12. ^ "Hindustan mai Shia Faroshi | Ustad e Mohtaram Syed Jawad Naqvi | 29-5-2020". Haqeeqat News (in Urdu). 16 June 2020. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  13. ^ Abbas, Aman (31 May 2020). "بوکھلاے جواد نقوی نےلگایا ہندستانی شیعہ لیڈران پر 'ملّت فروشی' کا الزام". www.sahafat.xyz (in Urdu). No. 133. Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India: Daily Sahafat. p. 1. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
  14. ^ Abbas, Aman (1 June 2020). "बौखलाए जव्वाद नकवी ने लगाया हिन्दुस्तानी शिया लीडरान पर 'मिल्लत फरोशी' का इलज़ाम" (daily) (in Hindi). No. Year 16 # 300. Lucknow: dainikbhumitra.com. p. 1.
  15. ^ Daur, Naya (10 April 2019). "Religious Scholar Jawad Naqvi Terms Aurat March Organisers 'Most Evil Of All Women'". Naya Daur. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  16. ^ Profile on WorldCat
  17. ^ The role of Women towards system of Wilayat by Hujatul Islam Syed Jawad Naqvi
  18. ^ Saif, Mashal. "Notes from the Margins: Shi'a Political Theology in Contemporary Pakistan" (PDF). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
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