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Are Wikipedia articles representative of Western or world knowledge?

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Signpost Opinion1

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By PAC2

Optional: write a lede — not necessarily a WP:LEAD. Interesting > encyclopedic.

Wikipedia aims at representing the sum of all knowledge. It is not so easy to define "the sum of all knowledge". We could expect the sum of all knowledge means knowledge from every region in the world (geographical distribution), from every era in History, from every culture, every ethnic group every gender group, etc.

Trying to measure diversity of knowledge in Wikipedia, we can look at diversity of contributors, number of Wikipedia articles, diversity of sources and references[1] or diversity in mentioned entities inside a given article.[2]

In this article, I look at the geographical distribution of people mentioned in an article (people mentioned with a blue link).

I apply my methodology to a selection of articles about general topics such as music, politics, culture or religion in a selection of Wikipedia versions and I discuss the results.

Methodology

Given a Wikipedia article, I select all internal links (blue links) and I call them "mentioned entities". This can be done through the endpoint "links" in the MediaWiki generator API. The magic is that this API can be integrated in a SPARQL query in the Wikidata Query Service. So I combine the call to the API with a Wikidata query. I select all mentioned entities with P31 equal to Q5 (humans) with a known birthplace (P19) and I collect the country of the birthplace with property P17. 

SELECT DISTINCT ?item ?itemLabel ?country ?countryLabel ?birthplace
?birthplaceLabel
WHERE {
  SERVICE wikibase:mwapi {
     bd:serviceParam wikibase:endpoint "en.wikipedia.org";
                     wikibase:api "Generator";
                     mwapi:generator "links";
                     mwapi:titles "Music";.
     ?item wikibase:apiOutputItem mwapi:item.
  } 
  FILTER BOUND (?item)
  ?item wdt:P31 wd:Q5 ; wdt:P19
?birthplace. 
  ?birthplace wdt:P17 ?country . 
SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "en,mul". }
}
Click here to launch the Wikidata query

I then collect a mapping between actual countries and continents. The mapping comes from Wikidata but is consistent with United nations M49 classification[3]. 

SELECT DISTINCT ?continent ?continentLabel ?country  ?code WHERE {
VALUES ?continent {
wd:Q55643
wd:Q48
wd:Q15
wd:Q18
wd:Q49
wd:Q46
} 
 ?continent (wdt:P527*) ?country.
  ?country 
    wdt:P2082 ?code.
  SERVICE wikibase:label { bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "en,mul". }
}
Click here to launch the Wikidata query

I perform a left join of the two data frames using the Arquero JavaScript library[4].

Finally, I regroup Europe and North America as "Western World" and the four other continents as "Rest of the world". This is an opiniated and radical approach but it makes the numbers easier to read. Places of birth which cannot be associated with a current country are labeled "Unclassified".

I've developed a user interface using Observable notebook.[5] Users can choose two parameters: the Wikipedia project (ie "pt.wikipedia.org") and the title of the article. Parameters can be added in the url directly. For instance, you can look at article "Kennis" (ie knowledge) in Afrikaans: https://observablehq.com/@pac02/wwrw?wikipedia=af.wikipedia.org&article=Kennis.

All computations are performed in the appendix of the notebook. The code is open source licensed under the ISC.

Results

This approach makes sense for articles about general topics such as music, work, art, beauty, love, humanity, knowledge, education, school, religion, etc. Also it makes sense if the number of people mentioned in the article is high enough to compute percentages.

In this section, we focus in three notions in English, French, Spanish and Arab.

Music

Music comes from all over the world. I would expect an encyclopedic article to mention people from all the continents. Let's have a look at the numbers.

Caption text
Linguistic version Article Rest of the world Unclassified Western world
English Music 6 (8.2%) 2 (2.7%) 65 (89.0%)[6]
Spanish es:Música 0 (0%) 3 (5.0%) 57 (95.0%)[7]

Discussion

S
In this issue
16 November (all comments)
Shortcuts
"WP:POKE" redirects here. You may be looking for Wikipedia:Don't poke the bear.
"WP:POKEMON" redirects here. For the essay about AFD, see WP:POKETEST.

User:PAC2/Signpost Opinion1/Navigation

Welcome to WikiProject Pokémon, formerly known as the Pokémon Collaborative Project. Wikipedians have formed this project to improve Wikipedia's encyclopedic coverage of all Pokémon related articles. If you would like to help, be bold and jump right in! You may also add yourself to the participants list.

If you'd like to bring an article to this project's attention, mention it on the talk page as appropriate.

History

The oldest ancestor of this project was WikiProject Pokédex (and its child project WikiProject PokéNav), which created articles for many Pokémon and Pokémon characters. This project fell into inactivity due to a loss of interest, and the many stubs they created became the subject of a great deal of criticism, especially given the creation of the guidelines for the handling of fictional subjects.

This criticism led to the creation of the Poképrosal, a proposal to merge all of these stubs into lists. While this proposal met with a consensus support, it stalled when it was proposed that it must be possible to expand these Pokémon stubs.

This effort to expand these stubs into articles led to the creation of the Pokémon Adoption Center, a project that assigned stubs to individual users to expand.

When the PAC project ran out of stubs to assign, this project was founded (under the name "Pokémon Collaborative Project"), to maintain and improve the newly expanded articles.

Eventually, the interest for individual articles for every Pokémon died down, and Pokémon that were not considered to be notable were merged into lists. These lists first took the form of mega-articles containing mini-articles for individual species, though they are now shorter descriptions on each Pokémon in a table. These lists were initially organized in groups of 20 by Pokédex number (e.g. List of Pokémon (1-20)), though they were later expanded to groups of 50 (e.g. List of Pokémon (1-51)), and are now divided into the generations each Pokémon was introduced in (e.g. List of generation I Pokémon).

As the amount of Pokémon-related articles diminished, WikiProject Pokémon slowly became more inactive, and the modern lists ended up consisting of sometimes just a singular Pokédex entry. Articles on individual Pokémon, even if they were technically notable, ended up being deleted due to their poor writing and lack of reliable sources. In mid-2023, however, a renewed push through the Video game characters project to standardize and enhance articles and lists of all video game characters resulted in an increase in the number of high quality articles and lists of pokémon. This WikiProject's new aim is to improve these lists and articles, including appropriate, reliable sources and more information.

Scope

Related WikiProjects

Any article related to any of the various works of fiction (games, anime, manga, trading cards, etc.) in the Pokémon Universe. Here is the current list of all Pokémon articles.

Article status

 FA GABCStartStub FLListCategoryDisambigDraftFilePortalProjectRedirectTemplateNA???
45737561001235680127179093,39023520 
Detailed status table with Importance

Good articles

Our ultimate goal

Taken from User:Captain Galaxy/PokémonSpeciesGT.

edit | discuss
Pokémon species
59 articles
List of generation I Pokémon
List of generation II Pokémon
List of generation III Pokémon
List of generation IV Pokémon
List of generation V Pokémon
List of generation VI Pokémon
List of generation VII Pokémon
List of generation VIII Pokémon
List of generation IX Pokémon (subtopic)
Bulbasaur
Charizard
Squirtle
Butterfree
Pikachu
Raichu
Ninetales
Jigglypuff
Slowpoke
Psyduck
Haunter
Gengar
Voltorb
Cubone
Weezing
Mr. Mime
Jynx
Electabuzz
Pinsir
Magikarp and Gyarados
Ditto
Eevee
Snorlax
Mewtwo
Mew
MissingNo.
Typhlosion
Wooper
Unown
Delibird
Gardevoir
Mawile
Regi
Pachirisu
Garchomp
Lucario
Zoroark
Chandelure
Klefki
Popplio, Brionne, and Primarina
Mimikyu
Meltan
Sobble
Wooloo
Galarian Corsola
Dracozolt, Arctozolt, Dracovish, and Arctovish
Kleavor
Sprigatito, Floragato, and Meowscarada
Fuecoco
Tinkaton

Article Alerts and Recent changes

Articles for deletion

  • 02 Nov 2024 – Delibird (talk · edit · hist) AfDed by Hemiauchenia (t · c) was closed as keep by Liz (t · c) on 09 Nov 2024; see discussion (11 participants)

Categories for discussion

Featured list candidates

Good article nominees

Featured article reviews

List of abbreviations (help):
D
Edit made at Wikidata
r
Edit flagged by ORES
N
New page
m
Minor edit
b
Bot edit
(±123)
Page byte size change

16 November 2024

15 November 2024

14 November 2024

13 November 2024

12 November 2024

11 November 2024

10 November 2024

9 November 2024

Participants

Here is a list of current participants of this project. If you wish to join, please add your username to the Active list in alphabetical order, using {{user}} (or {{admin}} if you're an Administrator). If you were previously a part of this WikiProject and your name is on the Inactive list, please remove it when you have added your name to the Active list.


Active

Inactive

Userbox

This user is a member of WikiProject Pokémon.

Members may add {{Wikipedia:WikiProject Pokémon/Userbox}} to any page in their userspace to transclude a userbox signifying their membership. Alternate colors are also available; see the documentation page for details.

Documentation and style

Templates and categories

Main page: Category:Pokémon templates
  • Articles: {{Nintendo-stub}} - For tagging stub Pokémon articles.
  • Templates
    • {{Pokedex}} - Used for citing the Pokédex
    • {{Pokémon}} - A navigational point for the franchise
  • User talk
    • {{Hcp2}} - For inviting new editors to join the Project.
    • {{Hcp}} - For welcoming editors who've just joined the Project.
This project article is part of WikiProject Japan. Click here for more information.
This task force is part of WikiProject Video games. Click here for more information.
The Pokémon Barnstar
I award this barnstar to Ash Ketchum for his great improvements of pages on Pokémon species. —Professor Oak
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  1. ^ For instance, Piotr Konieczny and Włodzimierz Lewoniewski look at the number and of articles related to the United States of America and the number of American sources in references. See their presentation at Wikimania 2024: https://prezi.com/view/C7snnAZFWqZz7vPD0kLu/
  2. ^ In a previous Signpost article, I look at the gender distribution of people (human entities) mentioned in Wikipedia articles: Measuring gender diversity in Wikipedia articles, The Signpost, may 2022
  3. ^ https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/overview/#
  4. ^ Arquero is JavaScript library developed by Jeffrey Heer: https://idl.uw.edu/arquero/api/
  5. ^ Observable is a platform created by Melody Meckfessel and Mike Bostock which proposes to write notebooks in JavaScript. It is widely used by the data visualization community
  6. ^ https://observablehq.com/@pac02/wwrw?wikipedia=en.wikipedia.org&article=Music
  7. ^ https://observablehq.com/@pac02/wwrw?wikipedia=es.wikipedia.org&article=M%C3%BAsica
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