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The Howard Stern Show

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The Howard Stern Show
File:Hsternshownew.jpeg
GenreTalk, comedy
Running timeOn satellite radio: 4-6 hours
On terrestrial radio: 5 hours
Contractually: 4 hours
Country of originUnited States United States
Home stationHoward 100 (2006 to present)
WXRK (1985 to 2005)
StarringHoward Stern
Robin Quivers
Artie Lange
Fred Norris
AnnouncerGeorge Takei (2006 to present)
Paul Turner (1989 to 2005)
Executive producer(s)Gary Dell'Abate
Original release1979 –
present
Opening theme"The Great American Nightmare" by Rob Zombie with Howard Stern (January 6, 1999 to present)

"Tilt A Whirl" by Jimmie Vaughan (April 15, 1994 to December 18, 1998)

"In a Mellow Tone" by Duke Ellington (1988 to April 14, 1994)

"H.O.W.A.R.D S.T.E.R.N" by The Double-O Zeros
Ending theme"Tortured Man" by Howard Stern and The Dust Brothers (January 1998 to present)
Websitewww.howardstern.com
www.sirius.com/howardstern

The Howard Stern Show is an American talk radio show hosted by Howard Stern, broadcast on Howard 100, one of his two uncensored channels on SIRIUS XM Radio, a subscription-based satellite radio service. Before coming to SIRIUS XM, the show was broadcast on terrestrial radio, becoming recognised as it is today during its 20 year run at WXRK from 1985-2005. During this time, the show was syndicated in as many as 60 radio markets across the United States and Canada since August 1986,[1] and had as many as 12-20 million listeners. By the time of the show's last terrestrial broadcast on December 16, 2005, Stern was tied with Laura Schlesinger as the fourth most-listened-to radio show in the United States.[2]

Just three weeks after the last terrestrial broadcast, the show began broadcasting across the United States on SIRIUS XM on January 9, 2006,[3] without the content restrictions imposed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), and to Canada through SIRIUS Canada by February 6.[4] By June 19, the show was made available worldwide on SIRIUS Internet Radio.[5] The show is currently broadcast from Studio 69 on the 36th floor at 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York City having broadcast from 57th Street from November 18, 1996 to December 16, 2005.[6]

Since June 20, 1994, the radio show was filmed and adapted into Howard Stern, a half hour television show broadcast each weekday on E![7] until July 8, 2005 following Stern's move to SIRIUS XM. Episodes continued to be re-run until the December 31.[8] In conjunction to his satellite radio move, Stern created an uncensored iN DEMAND digital cable service named Howard Stern On Demand on November 18, 2005[9][10] which re-launched as Howard TV on March 16, 2006.

Overview

Author Anthony Napoleon, in his 2003 book Awakening Beauty, describes The Howard Stern Show as the following:

For those few who are not familiar with the Howard Stern radio program, here is a primer on the show's cast and format. Howard's live radio show is an extension of his personality. He invented a radio format (now so frequently copied that its originator is sometimes forgotten) wherein he and his coterie of friends interact as a family, including the discussion of personal matters, squabbles and familiar banter. Howard introduces into his mix the regular fare of show business guests who stop by to promote their latest project, a few "friends of the show", and Howard's stock in trade, a virtual bevy of strippers, topless dancers, porn stars and an endless stream of girls who audit "Professor Stern's" class on the importance of physical attractiveness.

— Awakening Beauty (2003) by Anthony Napoleon, Page 162.[11]

1979–2005: Terrestrial radio

1979–1980: WCCC and WWWW

What perhaps grew to become The Howard Stern Show as it is known today began in the spring of 1979 where Stern, after two years as a disc jockey and announcer at WRNW, worked at WCCC, a 50,000 Watt FM and AM radio station in Hartford, Connecticut. The station was looking for, as advertised in an edition of Radio & Records, a "wild, fun, morning guy".[12] Stern was hired after two auditions and earned a salary of $12,000. It was at WCCC when Stern met Fred Norris, a college student at the time, who worked the overnight slot under the pseudonym "Earth Dog". It was not until 1981 at WWDC when Norris joined the show.

After working at WCCC, Dwight Douglas, a radio programming consultant, offered Stern a position at a Burkhart/Abrams station in Columbus, Ohio. The position was turned down as the station was doing well in the ratings, and Stern wanted to take a station "out of the dumps to the top". Stern was interested in an advertisement, again in Radio & Records, for a morning personality at WWWW, an FM Burkhart/Abrams station in Detroit, Michigan. Despite Douglas advising against it, Stern flew to Detroit unknowingly to his wife Alison or Douglas to meet with station management. Program director Wally Clark offered Stern an initial salary of $28,000. Following a call with his father about the offer Clark accepted a raise of $2,000,[13] and Stern, with Alison, moved to Detroit and began on April 21, 1980 replacing Steve Dahl who left for WDAI in Chicago.

While in Detroit, Stern's show began getting noticed in the radio industry. Stern won a Billboard Award for "Best Album-Oriented Rock Disc Jockey", the Drake-Chenault Top Five Talent Search, and one of Stern's bits was sent across the country in the radio industry.[12] The ratings book for October-November 1980 indicated that Stern's show had a 1.6 share, with rival Detroit stations WRIF and WVMV receiving 4.7 and 4.6 respectively.[13] Unknown to Stern, the station was planning to change format from rock to country music. The change to country, where Stern would be known as "Hopalong Howie," quickly put Stern back in the job market after just two weeks, while earning $50,000 a year.[13] Stern had chances to go to Toronto, WXRT in Chicago and WPLJ in New York City, but they were not taken.[12]

1981–1982: WWDC

New management had taken over WWDC, branded as "DC-101", an FM album-oriented rock radio station in Washington, D.C. Stern, who signed a contract with a starting salary of $40,000,[13] was sure that he would not "hold back" on anything to be number one in the Washington market. Once a success in Washington, Stern believed he would then move to New York City, his ultimate radio career goal. Stern also wished for an on-air sidekick to "mix it up" with him. It was then when program director Denise Oliver made Stern listen to a tape of Robin Quivers, a radio newsreader and consumer reporter at WFBR, an AM radio station in Baltimore, Maryland.[13] Quivers was also given a tape of Stern interviewing a prostitute on the air.[12] "I had never heard anything like it, and lost my mind at that point" said Quivers in a 1993 interview with FMQB. "I just said, where do I sign? I’ll do anything just to meet this guy!"[14] The first broadcast at DC-101 was on March 2, 1981.[15] Fred Norris, who Stern met back at WCCC in Hartford, also joined the show.

Just months after being hired, the show, which inherited a 2.6 rating share from its predecessor, gained a 5.2 in the spring 1981 ratings, increasing this further to 5.6 in the summer.[16] In less than a year, the show had tripled the morning slot ratings, receiving an 8.0 share.[17] Oliver received a call from Arbitron before these set of ratings were released, and congratulated her for the station's rating success. Perhaps the most known incident that happened at DC101 was when Stern "called" Air Florida to ask if the 14th Street Bridge would be a "permanent stop", in reference to the crash of Air Florida Flight 90 on January 13, 1982, that killed 78 people. Stern later stated that the call was in fact fake, and was ridiculing the airline for allowing such an error to occur.[17]

Stern's contract at DC-101 was terminated on June 29, 1982 with Quivers being let go from the show on June 17.[17] Quivers then moved back home in Baltimore, working at WCBM, an AM talk radio station.[13] Because Stern was not allowed to say goodbye at DC-101, he presented a "farewell show" two weeks later on rival Washington station WAVA without Quivers.[17] What made Stern more eager to broadcast in New York was that no one knew who Stern was when he would travel back home. Stern believed that he could topple popular radio morning personalities such as Don Imus and Scott Shannon in the ratings "on his worst day". Jerry Nachman, from WRC-TV and General Manager at WRC Radio in Washington, informed Stern that he was getting news from Stern's show more than on his all-news station in the morning. During a meeting with Nachman at a Vietnamese restaurant in Washington, Stern turned down an offer to work at WNBC in New York City. A couple of weeks later, following a second meeting, Stern made a deal to work at WNBC, allowing him to bring Quivers and Norris with him.

1982–1985: WNBC

WNBC, also known as "66 WNBC", was the flagship AM radio station for NBC. Prior to Stern working full-time management asked Stern, along with Norris, to do a practice overnight show to play records. Stern thought that the music they played on the air was "gay", and so broadcast under a flamboyant, gay character called "Lance Eluction". Throughout the show, the station's switchboards were full with people disliking it. The following day, Stern and Norris were told off by management, who then fired those responsible for hiring Stern at WNBC.

Stern then began his afternoon show on August 4, 1982. When Stern became number one in the New York City ratings, beating his rival Don Imus, newly-hired WNBC General Manager John Hayes who became known as "The Incubus" wanted to change the format of Stern's show. Stern was reluctant to change, despite being the number one show. WNBC then offered Stern $50,000 on top of his current contract to broadcast in Los Angeles, California, away from WNBC and New York altogether. However, Don Buchwald, Stern's new agent at the time, managed to extend Stern's contract at WNBC with double the salary.

By February 1983, comedian Jackie "The Jokeman" Martling joined the show.

David Letterman, who at the time was host of Late Night with David Letterman on NBC, made Stern a guest on the show four times between May and October 1984,[17] putting Stern and the show in the national spotlight for the first time. It was also during this time that Gary Dell'Abate, after graduating from Adelphi University, initially worked for the traffic department at WNBC.[17] After a meeting with Norris, Dell'Abate, who would be called "Boy Gary", was working for the show as an assistant in September 1984.

The show was cancelled on September 30, 1985 with the last show broadcast on September 27. This followed the show's "Bestiality Dial-a-Date" segment, although relations between management and the show had been strained from the beginning. The following message would be played in-between the show's time slot.

WNBC issued the following press release this afternoon. As of today, Monday September 30, WNBC has cancelled the Howard Stern program because of "conceptual differences" that exist between Howard Stern and WNBC management, as to the program. I encourage anyone wishing to express an opinion about the cancellation of the Howard Stern program to write to me, John Hayes General Manager, WNBC 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York City, New York 10020. Your comments are welcome.

— John Hayes, Vice President and General Manager of WNBC.

As per Stern's contract, WNBC still had to pay Stern for the following two and a half years. Norris and Dell'Abate however, continued to stay for a short while until they were brought along to WXRK in November.

1985–2005: WXRK

1985–1990: Move to mornings, syndication, new staff and FCC fine

Act two of The History of Howard Stern extensively covered the show's history between 1985-1990.

At midnight on July 13, 1985, WKTU, an FM radio station in New York City, changed format from contemporary hits (CHR) to album-oriented rock.[18] The station's call letters changed to WXRK, and was re-branded to "92.3 K-Rock". Stern, along with Quivers, began their 20 year run at the station in the afternoon slot from 2:00pm to 6:00pm for three months from November 18, 1985.[17] Norris and Dell'Abate, who stayed at WNBC for a short while, would be hired soon after. Ratings increased instantaneously, with the afternoon show gaining a 4.6 share after just three weeks on the air.[17] With such success, the show moved to the prime time morning slot of 6:00am to 10:00am on February 18, 1986[17][19] replacing Jay Thomas, who was let go from the station. At the same time, Scott Salem, a radio engineer who had worked at WABC AM and WPLJ, was hired for the show on February 10, 1986.[17]

Stern had wanted his show to be syndicated since becoming number one in the ratings at WNBC. During the show's last months at WNBC in 1985, Stern didn't understand why newly-hired personality Soupy Sales, who had a 2.7 rating share, finalised a syndication deal while he was a 5.7.[17] Now at WXRK, the show was syndicated to its first radio market, Philadelphia, on classic rock station WYSP on August 18, 1986.[17] The local media initially doubted that Stern would be a success in the Philadelphia market,[20] yet what would repeat itself many times over, the show successfully knocked off the top-rated morning show, The Morning Zoo hosted by John DeBella on rival rock station WMMR. It took over two years to become number one in Philadelphia, the show being just two tenths of a full rating point away to beating DeBella with his 8.6 rating, by October 6, 1988.[21] The show held a "funeral" for DeBella on May 10, 1990.[22] The show would then be syndicated to its second market by October 3, 1988 to Washington, D.C. on WJFK-FM.[23]

In 1988, two new staff were hired. Show intern Mitch Fatel, who was leaving the show, informed that his friend John Melendez was a fan and stutters in his speech. On August 29, Melendez joined the show who would become known as "Stuttering John". Over two months later, voice impressionist Billy West, who previously worked at WBCN, joined the show on November 7. The broadcast on December 16, 1988 resulted in the first FCC fine for the show on 3 incidents, costing Infinity Broadcasting a total of $6,000. The fine followed a segment where a man came in the studio and played a piano with his penis. Stern stresses to this day that he is shocked by people who thought this was outrageous, pointing out that it could have been a setup, or that anyone who was listening could actually see the act.

On July 6, 1990 the name The Wack Pack was given to a handful of special show regulars.

1991–1994: Syndication, FCC fine, suicide incident and "Cleveland Funeral"

Between 1991 and 1994, the show would be syndicated to 14 more radio markets across the United States. On July 25, 1991 the show was syndicated to Los Angeles, California on KLSX. One Los Angeles radio listener, believed that syndicating the show to the West Coast would result in failure. "Vulgarity has reached a new low. I think [Stern] is going to bomb beautifully out here. At least I hope he does. I'm sure he'll find the Los Angeles market is more sophisticated."[24] This proved to be untrue, with the show adding its fifth market by syndicating in Baltimore, Maryland on WJFK-AM by October 1, just three months later. In 1992, stations in Cleveland, Dallas, Albany[disambiguation needed], Chicago and Las Vegas were broadcasting the show.

In December 1992 the FCC fined Infinity Broadcasting, the show's third fine, a total of $600,000 after Stern discussed the act of masturbating to a picture of Aunt Jemima. "The closest I came to making love to a black woman was I, uh, masturbated to a picture of Aunt Jemima on a pancake box" said Stern. "I did it right on her kerchief."[25]

Stern and the show made national news in 1994 by preventing a man from committing suicide by leaping to his death off the George Washington Bridge[26] across New York and New Jersey. Stern was again in the national news on June 10, when a live broadcast in Cleveland, Ohio was sabotaged when Bill Alford, an engineer from rival radio station WMMS, cut the wires which temporarily stopped the show's "Cleveland Funeral"[27] similar to the one held for John DeBella in Philadelphia in 1990.

1995–1997: Selena controversy, Billy West leaves, new studio and the show in Canada

In April 1995, after Tejano singer Selena was shot to death in March, and one day before the singer was to be buried, Stern parodied her by playing gunshot sound effects over her music. He also mocked Selena's fans in a Hispanic accent and said "Spanish people have the worst taste in music." "They have no depth." This triggered controversy and protests, including a disorderly arrest warrant issued against him by the justice of the peace in Harlingen, Texas. Stern was never arrested, but ended up making an on-air apology, in Spanish, a week after the incident.

November 1995 saw show voice impressionist Billy West leaving the show due to WXRK's refusal to pay him what he viewed as a "fair salary." West has never returned as a guest, although he provided commentary for a West edition of Stern Spotlight, a special that aired on February 19 and February 20, 2007 on Howard 100. West also appeared as a guest on The Greg Fitzsimmons Show on Howard 101 in November 2007.

The show on November 15, 1996 was the last broadcast from the small studio at 600 Madison Avenue, New York City.[6] The week after, on November 18, the show was moved to 57th Street[6] and a studio that could accommodate live performances from bands and show stunts. The group Cheap Trick were the first to perform live in the new studio, playing acoustic versions of "I Want You to Want Me", "Ain't That a Shame" and "Day Tripper" in promotion of their Sex, America, Cheap Trick box set release.[6] The show would continue to broadcast from Madison Avenue until the last terrestrial radio broadcast on December 16, 2005.

On September 2, 1997 the show was syndicated internationally (amid much resistance) to Canada for the first time on CILQ in Toronto, Ontario and CHOM in Montreal, Quebec.[28] After announcing this at the start of the show, Stern made various anti-francophone comments. After the show's second commercial break, Stern reported that by 6:10am the show was number one in the Montreal ratings. CHOM cancelled the show on August 27, 1998[29] after frequent listener complaints to the CBSC and the CRTC. For most of the time that the show did air, they were required to monitor for offensive content through the use of broadcast tape delays. CILQ later cancelled the show on November 26, 2001[30] after John Hayes (who Stern referred to as "The Incubus" back at WNBC)[31] became Program Director of Corus Radio. This was a personal vendetta against Stern by Hayes, as the show was the highest rated morning show in Toronto in November 2001 when the show was pulled. Toronto fans however, were able to hear the show without the content restrictions that they faced through WBUF in Buffalo, New York until the show's move to SIRIUS XM in 2006.

1999–2001: Columbine controversy, Jackie Martling leaves and 9/11

The show on April 21, 1999 drew angry criticism and official "censure" from the Colorado State Legislature for Stern's comment regarding the motives of the two male students who murdered 12 classmates and 1 teacher in the Columbine High School massacre in Colorado. "There were some really good-looking girls running out with their hands over their heads" commented Stern. "Did those kids try to have sex with any of the good-looking girls? They didn't even do that? At least if you're going to kill yourself and kill all the kids, why wouldn't you have some sex?" Stern continued, saying if he was going to kill some people, he would "take them out with sex."[32] Stern did not apologize, but argued that he was trying to figure out what was wrong with the two attackers. Stern believed much of the furore was roused by presenters at competing radio stations in the Denver market. "There has been a tragic shooting in Denver", said Stern. "It's a national horror and what are the deejays doing? They're announcing my sponsors trying to get them to pull out. Are they really caring about the Denver community, or are they really just saying "Hey, maybe we can get Howard Stern off the air?" If I'm so vicious, why would you draw attention to me?" Stern explained his remarks by saying "I had zero intent to make fun of the situation. The point in making that comment was an attempt to try to understand a motive. We didn't know anything about motives [the morning after] and were trying to consider all possibilities."[33]

On March 5, 2001 it was officially announced that show writer Jackie "The Jokeman" Martling had left the show after failed contract negotiations. Over the next several months, various comedians auditioned to get Martling's seat on the show. On October 29, comedian and actor Artie Lange took Martling's place on the show.

The show was broadcasting live in New York City during the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks,[34] and stayed on the air with the show cast and crew, while many other broadcasters fled the city, until around 12:15pm. Prior to the time of the attacks, Stern and the crew in the middle of a discussion about a rendezvous with Pamela Anderson, when Stern first mentioned the World Trade Center was on fire. Coverage of the attacks increased, as the whole situation became clearer. The show's live reporting was one of the first to report the incident for many of those listening on the East Coast. Many listeners called in to share their own stories of survival, loss and witness of the attacks. As other comedy performers like David Letterman and Jon Stewart later returned to the air, many with emotionally-charged monologues, Stern was furious at the glowing response they received in the press, as he had been on the air the whole time without any positive reaction. This reinforced his long-held belief that there is a bias against him in the mainstream media. Stern's September 11, 2001 broadcast was replayed in its entirety on the first and fifth anniversary of the attacks, with the fifth anniversary replay (this time on SIRIUS XM) being played at the same time of the first attack, around 8:58am.

2004: Clear Channel, Stuttering John leaves and announcement to SIRIUS

On February 25, 2004 Clear Channel Communications "indefinitely suspended" Stern from six radio markets because of indecency involving sexual and racist dialogue during his show.[35] The show in question featured an interview with Rick Salomon, whose claim to fame includes a publicly released home video showing him having sex with Paris Hilton. Stern held a sexually-provocative interview with Salomon, which also included racial humour, asking questions about anal sex and making light of a caller's use of the word "nigger." Clear Channel president John Hogan said Clear Channel had "drew a line in the sand today with regard to protecting our listeners from indecent content, and Howard Stern's show blew right through it. It was vulgar, offensive and insulting, not just to women and African-Americans but to anyone with a sense of common decency." The move came only a day after Clear Channel fired radio personality Bubba the Love Sponge for similar reasons. Due to the timing of the incident, this is considered to be part of a wide-ranging backlash against obscenity triggered by the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy. By April 8, 2005 Clear Channel announced it would "permanently terminate" its relationship with Stern after being fined $500,000 by the FCC.[36][37] However on July 19, Stern returned to four of the six markets Clear Channel had booted him from, and added five new ones to the roster, this time on Infinity-owned stations.[38] Stern turned against Bush because neither Clear Channel nor Bush "Got the FCC off my back." Stern perceived Bush's religious beliefs as fanatical and has described Bush as a "Jesus freak", "maniac" and "an arrogant bastard."[39] Stern endorsed John Kerry in the 2004 presidential campaign, and urged his listeners to vote for him, the latest in a long string of political endorsements Stern has made.[40]

On February 27, 2004 show colleague "Stuttering John" Melendez left the show to become the on-air announcer for The Tonight Show. Stern has consistently claimed the hiring of Melendez was an attempt by Leno to steal ideas from his show, citing Melendez's speech impediment, heavy New York accent, and limited show business resume as questionable qualifications for the announcing job. Prior to this, Stern accused Leno's "Jaywalking" segment of being an appropriation of his radio show's "Homeless Game." After the hiring of Melendez, Stern accused Leno of stealing additional bits such as goofy red carpet interviews and booking Wack Pack member Kenneth Keith Kallenbach as a guest).[41] On July 1, after a search and auditioning process known as "Get John's Job", Richard Christy (former electrician and drummer of various death and heavy metal bands including Iced Earth and Death) was announced the winner, receiving 30% of the listener's vote and was hired as Melendez' replacement. Sal "The Stockbroker" Governale, who was runner-up in the contest with 24%, was later hired in September 2004.

On October 6, 2004, Stern announced that he had signed a five year, $500 million deal with SIRIUS Satellite Radio, now known as SIRIUS XM Radio following the merger of SIRIUS and XM Satellite Radio.[42] The deal also contained an additional one-time $225 million stock bonus, in which Stern did receive when he attracted a certain amount of listeners to SIRIUS in a given time. The $500 million contract and $225 million stock deal placed Stern at the second richest celebrity of 2004 at $302 million, ahead of George Lucas, Oprah Winfrey, The Rolling Stones and Tom Cruise.[43] The deal, which took effect on January 1, 2006 (when Stern's terrestrial radio contract ended) enabled Stern to broadcast his show uncensored, without content restrictions imposed by the FCC. The move met with controversy, as Stern talked about his move to SIRIUS on terrestrial radio, including telling listeners how to purchase equipment and subscriptions.[44] To promote his move, Stern held a rally in New York City where he gave out coupons for free or discounted SIRIUS products. In one incident, Farid Suleman of Citadel Broadcasting billed Stern $200,000 for the advertising plugs he gave SIRIUS. Citadel eventually pulled the show off 4 stations in Grand Rapids, Providence, Syracuse, lower Lancaster, Harrisburg, and York during the show's Christmas vacation in 2004. Infinity Broadcasting suspended Stern for one day on November 8, 2005 because Stern was excessively promoting his move to SIRIUS.[44]

2005: Infinity contract, Artie's drug abuse and final terrestrial show

On April 6, 2005 Stern pleaded on-air for Infinity Broadcasting to let him out of his contract, citing the reason of possible prosecution, per House Judiciary Committee Chairman Jim Sensenbrenner's recommendation. FMQB.com quoted Stern saying that "Viacom was holding him to his contract" yet he didn't want to "do anything legal" like "breaking the contract" yet he felt that Stern was "being set up".[45] Within Stern's contract with Viacom and Infinity Broadcasting, if he were to have been fired or have his show cancelled, his employer would have had to pay him and his production company $20 million.

In early June 2005, show comedian Artie Lange began missing shows, prompting concerns of a possible relapse into the substance abuse which had affected him in previous years. Lange at times would be spotted behaving incoherently and belligerently on the air. On July 27, Lange infamously sneered at Stern and the rest of the crew that "Artie's gonna do what Artie's gonna do." Lange then missed the next two days of work, with his absence being was written off as stress from doing the radio show in the mornings and the production of his film Artie Lange's Beer League. The real reason was made public in a spontaneous revelation on September 21, 2006 where Lange acknowledged that he was regularly snorting heroin from February to June 2005. Lange discussed prior episodes of heroin use, beginning when he was a stand-up comedian and continuing until Beer League was set to begin shooting. Lange detailed his painful withdrawal, which included common side effects such as cold sweats, shaking, and vomiting. Lange was threatened with legal action by producers of Beer League if he failed to show up for the first day of shooting in June 2005, which led Lange to secure a home visit from a doctor who prescribed Lange with Subutex to alleviate his heroin dependency.

The show's last live terrestrial broadcast was on December 16, 2005 from 6:00am to around 10:00am.[46] 56th Street, the location of WXRK, was blocked off from traffic to allow a stage to be constructed for Stern, his radio show colleagues and Wack Pack members to make their "goodbye" speeches. The speeches began at around 8:10am, with Wack Pack members Cliff Palette and Fred The Elephant Boy starting them off while Stern was continuing the broadcast in the studio. As the show went on, each in-studio staff member would leave the studio for the last time and make their speech. First was Artie, followed by Gary, Fred then Robin. Howard then made his final speech at around 9:35am. Stern thanked the New York City Police Department and dedicated the show to Sgt. Keith Manning, a friend of the show who at the time was serving in Iraq. Many of Stern's final statements were edited out over the radio and even on the Yahoo! Internet broadcast. These statements largely pertained to Stern's animosity towards Clear Channel and the future at SIRIUS. Stern wrapped up with a final "F-Jackie!" and thanks, with the crowd chanting Stern's name as "Tortured Man" from the Private Parts film soundtrack was played out. When off the air, Stern and the show staff went to the Hard Rock Cafe in Times Square on an open-top bus where Martha Stewart, who was broadcasting on her own SIRIUS XM channel, was on hand to induct Stern into the SIRIUS XM family.

As a response to the show leaving terrestrial radio, many of the radio stations under ownership of CBS Radio, including WXRK, changed format from talk to music. Just 8 months following the move to satellite, Advertising Age reported that revenue from the show became a third of what the terrestrial show commanded for a live read spot.[47]

2006–Present: SIRIUS XM Radio

2006: First show, SIRIUS Canada, terrestrial radio rumors and CBS settlement

After midnight on January 1, 2006, Stern called into the New Years Eve Show, a special by Howard 100 News presented by George Flowers and Lisa G.[48] This was Stern's first appearance on satellite radio after his terrestrial radio contract expired at midnight on December 31, 2005.[48] Following two live test broadcasts on Howard 100 on January 3 and 5, a heartbeat sound effect could be heard on Howard 100 which got progressively faster. Television interviews of Stern could be faintly heard in the background.[49]

At 5:55am on January 9, the heartbeat broke away to Also sprach Zarathustra with added flatulence sound effects. George Takei then introduced himself as the show's new announcer. Listeners were soon invited to call into the show using the new toll-free line at 1-888-9-ASSHOLE. With no commercials to play (the first being played on January 10) music was played instead to fix technical problems. During the show, it was revealed that 180,000 SIRIUS receivers were activated the day before. It was also revealed that Stern was not married, squashing rumours that appeared during the Christmas vacation. One of the first bits on the show to be played included the the uncensored versions of the Pat O'Brien sex tape along with song parodies about it. Stern also announced the list of revelations for the Revelations Game, where staff members of the show would reveal secrets about themselves. The revelations took place the following week on January 16 and 17.

Initially, SIRIUS Canada chose not broadcast Howard 100 and Howard 101 due to the possibility of a future issue with the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. Josef Radomski, a Canadian writer, announced on the show on January 11, 2006 that he began an on-line petition to bring the show back to Canada. By February 1, SIRIUS Canada announced that they would start airing Howard 100 starting February 6.[50]

In May 2006, Stern said that he had received offers from three major companies to return to terrestrial radio. Although he would never return, Stern did mention that it would be "cool to go back and kick their asses". None of the three names were released or came forward. Media organizations announced that Stern was thinking of returning to terrestrial radio. To clear up the rumors, the Associated Press were called on-air on May 10. While talking to Associated Press, Stern said "the story is I wouldn't do terrestrial radio for any reason".[51] That September, rumors once again arose that Stern would be returning to terrestrial radio. These rumors were once again denied by Stern and SIRIUS. SIRIUS representative Patrick Reilly told news agency United Press International that there were never "any discussions of Howard Stern in any way, shape, or form being anything but exclusive to SIRIUS." "Published reports suggesting otherwise are wrong."[52]

On June 7, 2006 Stern announced on his show that the lawsuit settlement with CBS Radio (formerly Infinity Broadcasting) finally gave SIRIUS exclusive rights to Stern's entire back catalogue of radio shows from his time at WXRK which spanned for over twenty years from November 1985 to December 2005, totalling almost 23,000 hours.[53] It was reported that SIRIUS agreed to pay CBS $2 million for the rights, which equates to approximately $87 per hour of tape.[54][55] SIRIUS holds the rights to the tapes until the end of Stern's current contract with SIRIUS (finishing in January, 2011) when all rights will return to Stern. This has allowed various special shows such as Mammary Lane, Stern Spotlight and The History of Howard Stern to be produced and aired while the show is on vacation.

2008: Artie Lange walks off the show

On April 10, Artie Lange attempted to physically attack Teddy, his personal assistant, while on the air. An off-air argument between the two regarding the photocopying of Lange's passport escalated on the air as Stern asked Lange to explain the situation. The argument quickly turned to issues regarding money that Lange had loaned Teddy, and several staff members had to restrain Lange who lunged at Teddy, following the throwing of drinks at him. During the argument, Teddy referred to Bloomingdale's as "Bloomie's", in which Lange thought was "gay". When Lange calmed down and returned to the studio, he blamed Stern for the fight, saying that he had "pushed" him to breaking point, and mentioned that he couldn't guarantee he wouldn't snap again in the future. Lange then informed Stern he loved him and "resigned".[56] Following a week's vacation, Lange returned to the show on April 21.

Controversy and criticism

Stern is a polarizing figure in the entertainment industry.[57][58] In 2005, aides to former FCC Commissioner Michael Powell admitted that Stern is a lightning rod (for FCC action), while entertainers like Oprah Winfrey who also discuss issues like sexuality are "untouchable".[59]

Government and FCC fines

Over Stern's career, the Stern Show has drawn FCC complaints for indecency. These complaints are paid by the broadcast station against which the complaints were filed, not by Stern or the Stern Show. Stern routinely corrects callers and journalists about this misconception that Stern himself had to pay the various FCC fines. The first complaint was filed in 1986 when Stern asked a caller "Have you ever had sex with an animal?" to which the caller answered no. Stern continued, "Well, don't knock it. I was sodomized by Lamb Chop, you know, that puppet Shari Lewis holds?"[60] Stern was not fined for this complaint, but after his first fines in 1988 they continued until he left terrestrial radio in 2005.

The FCC has fined for content on The Howard Stern Show upwards of $5 million since 1990.[60]

FCC Fines leveled against The Howard Stern Show
Notice Date Total Amount Incidents Company Fined
December 16, 1988[60] $6,000 3 Infinity
October 27, 1992[60] $105,000 12 Greater Media
December 1992[61] $600,000 N/A (Settlement) Infinity
August 1993[61] $500,000 N/A (Settlement) Infinity
February 1, 1994[60] $400,000 4 Viacom
October 1996[60] $10,000 1 WVGO Richmond
July 2001[62] $27,500 1 Infinity
April 8, 2004[60] $495,000 18 Clear Channel
2004[60] $1,750,000 N/A (Settlement) Clear Channel
2004[60] $3,500,000 N/A (Settlement) Viacom

Selective prosecution

Stern feels that he has been selectively targeted by the FCC. Though this defense has never been used against the agency, some legal scholars believe that Stern's case passes the selective prosecution test and that the FCC's regulation of indecency is not proper.[63] However, in a 2004 interview the FCC commissioner Jonathan Adelstein stated that the FCC was not out to drive Stern off the air and was just enforcing the law. "I don't think it's a necessary outcome that good content is driven away from the radio," Adelstein told Billboard Radio Monitor.[60]

Watchdog groups

Media watchdog groups have been especially aggressive in attacking The Howard Stern Show, and Stern personally. Jack Thompson, a disbarred Florida attorney, has stated he thinks Stern should be in jail.[64] The Parents Television Council headed by Brent Bozell has been one of Stern's chief critics,[64] organizing write-in campaigns to the FCC and frequently appearing on television to speak against Stern.

Needing an enemy

One criticism of the show is that Howard is only funny when he has an enemy to rail against. After his move to Sirius in 2006, Rolling Stone's Rob Sheffield wrote, "No wonder he's bored - he's got nobody to piss him off anymore".[65] Stern has responded to these criticisms by making analogies like, "That's like saying Chris Rock's HBO special would have been better if he had a censor to fight."[66]

Show staff

Main article: The Howard Stern Show Staff

Regular guests

For the Wack Pack regulars see: The Wack Pack

Former cast members

Deceased

Feuds, splits

  • Alison Stern (Howard's ex-wife; since their split, she no longer calls in to show)
  • Bill Maher (angry at the show staff, refuses to appear anymore)[67]
  • Jay Leno (personal feud with Howard)
  • Billy Crystal hates Howard due to a Stuttering John incident.
  • Chevy Chase fought with the show throughout the 80's and 90's over comments Chase made about Stern in public and calls Stern made to Chase's house, but has since reconciled with both Stern and the show. Chase has appeared as a guest on the Sirius show, and Stern has spoke at charity events at Chase's behest.
  • Stern's feud with Don Imus dates back to his first days at the now defunct WNBC-AM, when Stern was a new hire from Washington, DC in 1982. At the time, Imus was one of the top air personalities in New York City radio, and Stern and his staff, as dramatized in the film Private Parts, were ignored and mistreated by Imus and his air staff. Additionally, WNBC-AM management also constantly attempted to get Stern to model his show on and to essentially become a carbon copy of Imus' show at the time. This lead to very personal staff infighting at NBC, Stern openly attacking Imus on the air, and Stern even making veiled references to the Cocaine addiction that Imus' had at the time. Stern then began to notice that recycled bits from his show were starting to show up on Imus' show, and Stern attacked him even more fiercely on air as a result. When Stern was fired from WNBC-AM and moved to WXRK-FM in 1985, Stern vowed on-air to defeat Imus in the ratings by going head-to-head with him in morning drive, which he eventually did. Nevertheless, the feud has continued to this day, and Imus is still ripe fodder for ridicule and parody on Stern's program. In recent years, however, Stern has publicly expressed sympathy for Imus' repeated battles with Cancer. Ironically, one of the things Stern mockingly wished for on his first day on the air at WXRK-FM in 1985 was for "Don Imus to Die".
  • Kevin Smith (felt Stern treated him poorly during publicity for Jersey Girl. Smith later appeared on the Opie & Anthony radio program, one of Stern's rivals.)
  • Patrice Oneal (offended because Stern could not remember his name. Oneal decided to appear exclusively on Opie & Anthony.)[68]

No longer appears

Banned

  • Chaunce Hayden (for misrepresenting Howard in the media [citation needed])
  • Crazy Cabbie: former WXRK DJ[69][70] (Cabbie was presumably banned for planning to sue Howard over disparaging comments about a weight loss product Cabbie was promoting on a June 2007 appearance.[71][72]
  • A.J. Benza: Physically fought with Stuttering John Melendez in 2001, and was banned from the WXRK building almost immediately after the altercation by Tom Chiusano. Recently has phoned in and was told that he could come back into the studio, as the Sirius studios are in a different Manhattan building than WXRK, and Melendez and Chiusano are no longer with the Stern show.

Hosting on other radio shows

  • Jackie Martling - Host of "Jackie's Joke Hunt" program on Sirius Howard 101 Channel.
  • Adam Carolla - (The West Coast terrestrial radio replacement for Stern. Stern joked that when Adam gets fired, he is welcome back on the show.) Adam has called into Howard on Sirius and aired it on FreeFM in Los Angeles.
  • Kidd Chris Hosted radio show on WYSP, but was fired in May 2008.
  • Dead Air Dave - Former WXRK DJ and show censor on terrestrial radio. Now the afternoon drive host on WWFS New York.
  • Andre Gardner, who formerly "hit the button" to censor Howard's show at WXRK, now hosts a radio show on WMGK in Philadelphia.

Other reasons, and might come back

  • Jackie Martling - Has never officially said "never" to re-joining the show, is the host of "Jackie's Joke Hunt" on Howard 101, has been subject of and interviewed for a Stern Spotlight showcase special, and The History of Howard Stern programs on Howard 100. However, he has admitted the demands of working on the Stern show as a full-time member are "An extremely tough life."
  • Nancy Sirianni - Jackie's ex-wife. Appeared on Dial-a-Date in 2006.
  • Barrett Moore also known as Veronica Caine (adult film star)
  • Richard Simmons (may return as a regular, as they had been close friends on and off the air; he recently reconciled with Stern on the air after more than 10 years but again left in tears. Afterward Robin and Howard doubted the authenticity of Richard's emotional outburst.[73])
  • Billy West - Former employee, left due to disagreement with K-Rock management. He has returned to the show in a sense by appearing on Howard 101 with Greg Fitzsimmons. He was also interviewed due to his being the subject of a "Stern Spotlight" showcase special on Howard 100.

See also

References and notes

  1. ^ Tucker, Ken (March 3, 2006). "Communication Sharpens Syndie Sword". Billboard Radio Monitor. Howard Stern was in as many as 60 markets during nearly 20 years of syndication. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  2. ^ "Latest top host figures". Talkers magazine. 2005. Retrieved 2008-12-17. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  3. ^ "The Revolution Begins". T. Panasci and J. Kaplan. HowardStern.com.
  4. ^ "Collective Return - The Howard Stern Show for February 6, 2006, HowardStern.com".
  5. ^ "Enjoy a Steady Stream of Stern - The Howard Stern Show for June 19, 2006, HowardStern.com".
  6. ^ a b c d Mark, Mercer. ""Last Show From 600 Madison Avenue!!!"". MarksFriggin. Retrieved 2009-05-30.
  7. ^ "Howard Stern (1994), [[Internet Movie Database]]". {{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help)
  8. ^ "E! Show Schedule, MarksFriggin.com".
  9. ^ "No, Thank You Alanis". HowardStern.com.
  10. ^ "Howard Stern On Demand Now Available". MarksFriggin.com. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |First= ignored (|first= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |Last= ignored (|last= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=AyJLqNcfM3IC&pg=PA162&dq=%22howard+stern%22&lr=#PPA162,M1
  12. ^ a b c d Stern, Howard (1993-10-15). Private Parts. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0671880163. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  13. ^ a b c d e f Lucaire, Luigi (1997-01-15). Howard Stern, A to Z: The Stern Fanatic's Guide to the King of all Media. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0312151447.
  14. ^ "Up Close with Robin Quivers". FMQB. 1993-02-26.
  15. ^ "The History of Howard Stern Interactive Guide". SIRIUS.com.
  16. ^ Colford, Paul (1997-03). Howard Stern: King of All Media. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0312962210. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Stern, Howard, The History of Howard Stern, SIRIUS XM Radio, December 2007 to December 2008.
  18. ^ Abrams, Mike (2008-07-12). "The Day The Disco Died – July 13, 1985". Retrieved 2009-06-16.
  19. ^ Jessica, Reed (2005-11-25). "A Chronology Of The Howard Stern Years". Radio Monitor. Retrieved 2009-05-31. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  20. ^ "Local success on morning FM radio could turn on New York DJ". Sunday Intelligencer, The. August 10, 1986. Retrieved 2006-09-29.
  21. ^ "Howard's Philly Ratings Rise. 10/06/1988. 6:05am". MarksFriggin.com. October 6, 1988. Retrieved 2009-06-16.
  22. ^ Shister, Gail (1987-01-09). "Ratings Jump With Howard Stern". Philadelphia Inquirer. pp. D05. Retrieved 2006-09-26.
  23. ^ "October 3, 1988 in History". BrainyHistory.com. Retrieved 2009-05-31.
  24. ^ "Feedback On Caustic [[Howard Stern|Mr. Stern]]". July 24, 1991. Retrieved 2006-09-29. {{cite news}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help)
  25. ^ Stern's Most Shocking Moments, TMZ.com
  26. ^ Weber, Bruce (1994-12-08). "Now a Caller From the G. W. Bridge: Stern to the Rescue". New York Times. Retrieved 2007-04-27.
  27. ^ Radio Monitor, November 2005
  28. ^ Woellert, Lorraine (September 3, 1997). "King of All Media eyes Canada for realm". The Washington Times. p. 7. The morning DJ and self-proclaimed "King of All Media" made his radio debut yesterday on stations in Toronto and Montreal.
  29. ^ Mark, Mercer. ""Howard Talks About The Cancellation Of His Show In Montreal. 8/27/98. 7:00am"". MarksFriggin. Retrieved 2009-05-30.
  30. ^ Mark, Mercer. ""The Howard Stern Radio Station List"". MarksFriggin. Retrieved 2009-05-30.
  31. ^ 'King of all media' loses toehold in Canada The Ottawa Citizen November 24, 2001
  32. ^ Howard Stern under fire from Colorado assembly The Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press March 3, 1999
  33. ^ Close, Brian (April 29, 1999). "Stern's comments push limits of shock". The Minnesota Daily. Retrieved 2006-09-29.
  34. ^ "Howard TV to Air Two 9/11 Retrospective Specials Including Footage from the 9/11 and 9/12/01 Shows Which Never Aired on TV; Howard Stern and His Crew Recount Their Feelings from Five Years Ago as They Re-Experience the Tragedy". Business Wire. September 8, 2006. Howard TV is presenting two September 11 Retrospective specials, both of which take an in-depth look at the live Howard Stern broadcast from that historically tragic day
  35. ^ Steve Gorman (February 25, 2004). "Howard Stern dropped from Clear Channel stations". San Diego Union-Tribune.
  36. ^ Levin, Andrew (2004-02-21). "Clear Channel Pulls Howard Stern Show Permanently". Clear Channel Corporate Press Release. Clear Channel Communications. p. 1. Retrieved 2007-02-14. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  37. ^ "Clear Channel nixes Howard Stern". CNNMoney.com. CNN. 2004-04-08. p. 1. Retrieved 2007-02-14. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  38. ^ Mateo, Karen (2004-06-30). "The "Howard Stern Show" Launches on nine Infinity Broadcasting Radio Stations Beginning on Monday, [[July 19]]". Infinity Broadcasting. p. 1. Retrieved 2007-02-15. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); URL–wikilink conflict (help)
  39. ^ "Howard Stern's Schwing Voters", Salon.com, 12 March 2004
  40. ^ Johnson, Peter (July 1, 2004). "Stern says he'll push for Kerry; On-air support could carry clout;". USA Today. p. D03.
  41. ^ MarksFriggin.com - Stern Show News - Archive
  42. ^ Sarah McBride. "Radio's Stern Leaps to Satellite in $500 Million Deal; Raunchy Host's 2006 Move Could Boost New Medium; A Small Company's Big Bet". Wall Street Journal. p. A1. Controversial radio host Howard Stern, who built his career in good part by pushing raunchy content, signed a five-year, $500 million deal
  43. ^ The Celebrity 100 Forbes.com
  44. ^ a b Howard Stern.com
  45. ^ Howard Stern Begs Viacom To Fire Him FMQB
  46. ^ Rundown of the final Broadcast From K-ROCK
  47. ^ Howard Stern's Ad Rates on Sirius slump to $5,000Advertising Age, September 24, 2006
  48. ^ a b Mark, Mercer. "For the week of 01/02/2006 to 01/06/2006". MarksFriggin. Retrieved 2009-06-16.
  49. ^ Mark, Mercer. "For the week of 01/09/2006 to 01/13/2006". MarksFriggin. Retrieved 2009-06-16.
  50. ^ "'Shock jock' Stern added to Sirius Canada lineup", CTV.ca, 1 February 2006.
  51. ^ "Howard Stern: It's a satellite life for me". Associated Press. MSNBC. May 10, 2006. Retrieved 2006-07-26.
  52. ^ "Stern dismisses terrestrial radio rumors". United Press International. September 20, 2006. Retrieved 2006-09-21.
  53. ^ "MarksFriggin.com - Daily Highlghts/News Archive - For the week of 06/05/2006 to 06/09/2006".
  54. ^ "CBSNews.com - "Stern Gets Old Tapes, CBS Gets $2M"".
  55. ^ "WashingtonPost.com - "Stern Gets Rights to Tapes In Settlement With CBS"".
  56. ^ Richard Johnson. "Fists Fly At Howard Stern Show". NY Post.
  57. ^ "Private Parts Review". Variety. March 9, 1997. Retrieved 2006-01-17.
  58. ^ "Need for new sets may be a turn-off". Guardian Unlimited. January 27, 2005. Retrieved 2006-01-17. Howard Stern, the most loved and loathed disc jockey in the US
  59. ^ "FCC's Powell to NAB: Don't ask us to tell". April 20, 2004. Retrieved 2006-01-16.
  60. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Sanders, Tony (November 25 2005). "A catalog of FCC fines: the big chill or Howard's end. (HOWARD STERN: TRAILBLAZER IN TRANSITION)". Billboard Radio Monitor. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  61. ^ a b "FCC fines Infinity for Stern broadcasts. (Infinity Broadcasting Corp., radio personality Howard Stern)(Broadcasting & Copyright)."". News Media & the Law. 17.n4. Fall 1993. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  62. ^ FCC Notice of Apparent Liablility, 2001
  63. ^ Goldsamt, Seth (Winter 1999). "Crucified by the FCC"? Howard Stern, the FCC, and selective prosecution. (Federal Communications Commission)". Columbia Journal of Law and Social Problems. 28.n2: p203–252. {{cite journal}}: |pages= has extra text (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  64. ^ a b "The Decency Police". Time. March 20, 2005. Retrieved 2007-01-16.
  65. ^ Sheffield, Rob (February 9, 2006.). "Howard's End". Rolling Stone. p. 33. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); More than one of |author= and |last= specified (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)
  66. ^ Fussman, Cal (January, 2006). "What I've Learned: Howard Stern (American, 51, New York City)". Esquire. p. 77. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)
  67. ^ Wild, David (1999-04-15). "Checking In With Bill Maher". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2009-04-01. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  68. ^ Lussier, Germain (2009-03-27). "Patrice Oneal discusses Opie & Anthony vs. Howard Stern". Times Herald-Record. Retrieved 2009-04-01. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  69. ^ Kaplan, Jason (2007-07-20). "The Rundown". HowardStern.com. Retrieved 2007-02-05. Howard said Cabbie has finally gone too far. Robin noted that she saw this coming. Gary came in to report that Cabbie sent him a note that claimed he'd never do the show again, and Howard replied that he didn't care. Howard then revealed that he knew Cabbie had taped a porno in his old KROCK studio and did nothing about it, but now he was too hurt to continue putting up with Cabbie's bullshit anymore. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  70. ^ Mercer, Mark (2007-07-20). "Cabbie An Asshole And A Piece Of Garbage? 06/20/07. 6:00am". Howard Stern Show News Archives. Mark's Friggin. Retrieved 2007-07-20. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  71. ^ Froelich, Paula (June 20, 2007). "SUIT VS. STERN HAS FAT CHANCE". New York Post. Retrieved 2007-08-06.
  72. ^ Mercer, Mark (2007-06-06). "Cabbie Visits. 06/06/07. 7:15am". Howard Stern Show News Archives. Mark's Friggin. Retrieved 2007-08-06. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  73. ^ "Howard Stern Show rundown". howardstern.com. November 16, 2006 UTH. Retrieved 2007-01-01. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

Further reading

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