Françoise Marie de Bourbon

Françoise-Marie
Légitimée de France Duchess of Orléans First Princess of the Blood
Françoise-Marie by Alexandre François Caminade, 1834, painted i the reign of her descendant Louis Philippe I
Burial	6 February 1749 Église de la Madeleine de Trainel, Paris, France
Spouse	Philippe d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans
Issue Detail	Louise Élisabeth, Duchess of Berry Adélaïde, Abbess of Chelles Charlotte Aglaé, Duchess of Modena Louis, Duke of Orléans Élisabeth, Queen of Spain Philippine Élisabeth, Mademoiselle de Beaujolais Louise, Princess of Conti.
Names Françoise-Marie de Bourbon, Légitimée de France
Royal	House of Orléans House of Bourbon
Father	Louis XIV of France
Mother	Françoise-Athénaïs de Mortemart, Marchioness of Montespan

Françoise-Marie de Bourbon, Légitimée de France (Françoise-Marie; 4 May 1677 – 1 February 1749) was the youngest legitimised daughter (fille légitimée de France) of Louis XIV of France and his maîtresse-en-titre, Françoise-Athénaïs, marquise de Montespan. Originally known as the second Mademoiselle de Blois, that style eventually gave way to the name Françoise-Marie de Blois. She was Duchess of Chartres by marriage and later Duchess of Orléans.

Among her male line descendents are Philippe Egalité, Louis-Philippe I, King of the French, and Prince Henri, Count of Paris, the present Orléanist pretender to the French throne. She is also an ancestor of Juan Carlos I of Spain, Albert II, King of the Belgians, Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg and Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples, the pretender to the Italian throne.

Biography

Françoise-Marie was born on 4 May 1677, at the château de Maintenon, owned since 1674 by Madame de Maintenon, the governess of Madame de Montespan's illegitimate children by Louis XIV.

She and her younger brother, Louis-Alexandre de Bourbon were raised by Mmes de Monchevreuil, de Colbert and de Jussac. As a child, she was brought occasionally to Versailles to visit her parents.

Like her older sister, Louise-Françoise de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Nantes, she inherited her mother's beauty, Madame de Caylus said Françoise-Marie was naturally timid and glorious and was a little beauty with a beautiful face and beautiful hands; completely in proportion. From her mother, she also inherited the esprit (English: wit), of the Mortemart. She was also very proud of her royal ancestry and of the royal blood of the House of Bourbon she inherited from her father. Later on in her life, people would often joke that she would "remember she was a daughter of France, even while on her chaise percée

Mademoiselle de Blois

In 22 November 1681, at the age of four and a half, Françoise-Marie was legitimised by Louis XIV and given the courtesy title of Mademoiselle de Blois, a title held previously by her older half-sister, Marie Anne de Bourbon, legitimised daughter of Louis XIV and Louise de La Vallière. The name of her mother was not mentioned in the act of legitimisation because Madame de Montespan was legally married to the Marquis de Montespan who could claim paternity of the children his wife had had with Louis XIV. By the time of her birth, her parents' relationship was coming to an end because of Madame de Montespan possible involvement in the Affair of the Poisons.

Her oldest siblings Louis-Auguste and Louise-Françoise had been legitimised on 19 December 1673 and recognised by letters patent from the Parlement de Paris.

Françoise-Marie's younger brother, Louis-Alexandre, was legitimised at the same time and given the title of comte de Toulouse. She remained close to him all her life, as well as to their older brother, Louis-Auguste de Bourbon, duc du Maine. She was never to grow close to her sister Louise-Françoise de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Nantes or her half brother, Louis, Dauphin of France. Her mother-in-law often complained of Françoise-Marie's "deceitfulness" in her letters to her aunt Sophia of Hanover.

Although the king's trust in Madame de Montespan quickly diminished after the Affaire des Poisons, he continued to shower her with gifts, and also secured for their youngest daughter, Françoise-Marie, an advantageous and profitable marriage.

Marriage

The marriage arranged by Louis XIV for Françoise-Marie was to her first cousin, Philippe d'Orléans, duc de Chartres, the only son of Philippe de France, duc d'Orléans. This came as a shock to Philippe Charles's mother, Elizabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate, whose prejudice against her brother-in-law's bastards was well known. Upon learning of her son's having agreed to the marriage plans, she slapped him in front of the court, then turned her back on the king who was bent in a salutation to her.

On the occasion of the marriage between their respective children, Louis XIV gave to Philippe, Duke of Orléans, and his wife, Elizabeth Charlotte, the Palais-Royal where the Orléans had been residing, but which they did not own. Formerly known as the Palais Cardinal, the palace was owned by the Crown, having been bequeathed to it by its builder, Cardinal Richelieu, upon his death in 1642. Louis XIV also promised an important military post to the Duke of Chartres and gave 100,000 livres to the Duke of Orléans' favourite, the Chevalier de Lorraine.

Upon being informed of the identity of her future husband, Françoise-Marie remarked,

Je ne me soucie pas qu'il m'aime, je me soucie qu'il m'épouse.

I don't care if he loves me; just as long as he marries me.

Françoise-Marie's sister and rival, Madame la Duchesse, by Nattier.

Françoise-Marie, François de Troy.

Françoise-Marie and Philippe d'Orléans were married on 18 February 1692 in the chapel of the Palace of Versailles. The service was conducted by the Cardinal de Bouillon - a member of the House of La Tour d'Auvergne. In 1685, the Cardinal de Bouillon had refused to take part in the marriage of the Duke of Bourbon and Françoise-Marie's sister, Mademoiselle de Nantes, and, as a result, had been sent into exile, but he was recalled for the wedding of Françoise-Marie and the Duke of Chartres. After the ceremony, a banquet was given in the Hall of Mirrors with all the Princes and Princesses of the Blood in attendance. Guests included the exiled king of England and his wife. At the newlyweds' bedding ceremony later that evening, the exiled Queen of England had the honour of giving the new Duchess of Chartres her night shirt. Madame de Montespan, had not been invited to the wedding of her daughter.

The union was one of discord. Not long after their marriage, Philippe Charles openly ridiculed his wife's bad temper by nicknaming her Madame Lucifer. Her mother-in-law said that during the early years of the Chartres marriage, Françoise-Marie was as "drunk as drunk" three to four times a week.

From her father, Françoise-Marie received a dowry of over two million livres, twice as much as her older sister, Louise-Françoise, had earlier received on her marriage to the Duke of Bourbon. This difference led to a great deal of animosity between the sisters.. The dowry was not to be paid till the Nine Years' War was over. In protest at the size of the dowry, Louise-Françoise did not even appear at her sister's engagement party on 17 February, the day before the wedding..

As her new husband was a legitimate grandson of King Louis XIII of France, Françoise-Marie assumed the rank of petite-fille de France (Grand-Daughter of France), and was addressed by the style of Her Royal Highness. Furthermore, the newlyweds traveled and lodged wherever the king did, dined with him, and were entitled to an armchair in his presence. As the new duchesse de Chartres, Françoise-Marie was next in precedence behind only the Duchess of Burgundy, and her own mother-in-law, the Duchess of Orléans.

Out of all her siblings, Françoise-Marie made the most prestigious marriage after that of her half-brother, the Dauphin of France, who married his cousin Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria in 1680.

Around 1710, an account of her was written by her husband's friend, the Duke of Saint-Simon:

in every way majestic ; her complexion, her throat, her arms, were admirable; she had a tolerable mouth, with beautiful teeth, somewhat long; and cheeks too broad and too pendant, which interfered with, but did not spoil her beauty. What disfigured her the most were her eyebrows, which were, so to speak, peeled and red, with very little hair ; she had, however, fine eyelashes, with well-set, chestnut-coloured hair. Without being humpbacked or deformed, she had one side larger than the other, which caused her to walk awry; and this defect in her figure indicated another, which was more troublesome in society and which inconvenienced herself.

Her mother-in-law wrote the following in her memoirs:

all the femmes de chambre have made her believe that she did my son honour in marrying him; and she is so vain of her own birth and that of her brothers and sisters that she will not hear a word said against them; she will not see any difference between legitimate and illegitimate children.

Mademoiselle de Blois as Galatea Triumphant, 1692, Pierre Gobert.

The union, even if mismatched, produced eight children, several of whom later married into other European royal families during the Regency of her husband for the young king Louis XV of France. As the children of a legitimate petit-fils de France, her children were addressed with the style of Serene Highness. Françoise-Marie was so annoyed at her children not being recognised as grandchildren of a king that Saint-Simon wrote:

The duchesse d'Orléans had a head filled with fantasies that she could not realise...Not content with the modern rank of Grand-daughter of France, which she enjoyed through her husband, she could not bear the idea that her children were only Princes of the Blood and dreamed up a rank for them that was betwixt and between; they were known as Great-Grandchildren of France...

Françoise-Marie even appealed to her father, the King, on the matter but he refused to help her because he was worried about creating future distinctions in a court etiquette that was already too elaborate and stringent.

Duchess of Orléans

In 1701, upon the death of his father, her husband, became Duke of Orléans, head of the House of Orléans and inherited the titles and estates of his father. The new Duchess of Orléans received precedence over her mother-in-law and became the second most highly ranked lady in the kingdom, yielding only to the Dauphine, the Duchess of Burgundy. Her father-in-law had died at Saint-Cloud after an argument with Louis XIV at Marly concerning the Duke of Chartres' blatant flaunting his pregnant mistress, Marie-Louise de Séry, in front of Françoise-Marie.. Her father-in-law (and uncle) was not fond of Françoise-Marie.

The new Duke and Duchess of Orléans lived a lavish lifestyle at the Palais-Royal in Paris and the Château de Saint-Cloud, located some ten kilometers west of Paris. The private apartments of the duke and duchess at the Palais-Royal were designed and decorated by the renowned Jean Bérain.

While her husband led the debauched life of a womaniser, Françoise-Marie lived a quiet life without scandal, unlike her sisters, the Princess of Conti and the Duchess of Bourbon, and their older brother, the Duke of Maine. Though witty and charming, she preferred the company of a cousin, the Duchess of Sforza. Her intimate circle included other cousins. Her lady-in-waiting was the Countess of Castries, who was the daughter of her mother's brother, the Duke of Vivonne (1636–1688). Her chevalier d'honneur was the Count of Castries. She was also close to another cousin Diane Gabrielle Damas de Thianges, daughter of the great beauty Gabrièlle de Rochechouart de Mortemart (Françoise-Marie's aunt) and wife of Philippe Jules Mancini.

At Versailles in 1703, Françoise-Marie would give birth to a son who would continue the Orléans line. Once informed of the child's birth, Louis XIV gave him the name Louis (presumably after himself) and bestowed upon him the pension normally accorded to the Premier Prince du Sang. Louis and Françoise-Marie would always be close to each other. Madame complained that her grandson was much more like his mother than his father.

Two days after her birthday in 1707, Françoise-Marie lost her mother who had been in severe penance since she had officially left court in 1691. Her father had forbidden his legitimised children to wear mourning clothes for their mother; but, in order to honor their mother anyway, the Duchess of Orléans, the Duchess of Bourbon and the Count of Toulouse refused to go to any court gatherings. Their eldest brother, the Duke of Maine, on the other hand was hardly able to conceal his joy at his mother's death. He was her sole heir and inherited her vast private fortune, as well as the Château de Clagny, the birth place of the Count of Toulouse in 1678..

Upon the death of the Prince of Condé in 1709, the rank of Premier Prince du Sang was officially transferred from the House of Condé to the House of Orléans. As a result, her husband, the Duke of Orléans, became entitled to use the style of Monsieur le Prince. She accordingly was entitled to use the style Madame la Princesse. Neither however ever used those styles.

This transfer in rank from the House of Condé to the House of Orléans greatly aggravated the rivalry between Françoise-Marie and her older sister, Louise-Françoise, who was now the Princess of Condé, and who would use the style of Madame la Duchesse until her death in 1743.

In competition with her older sister for wealth and status, Françoise-Marie also wanted her children to make better marriages. By 1710, Louis XIV's youngest legitimate grandson, the Duke of Berry, was still unmarried. It was suggested that he marry Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon, the daughter of Louise-Françoise, Princess of Condé. Françoise-Marie set about to prevent this marriage and establish a closer relationship between herself and the throne. On 6 July 1710, she secured the marriage of her eldest daughter, Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans, to the Duke of Berry, much to the annoyance of the Princess of Condé. This marriage arrangement caused further friction between the two sisters as it elevated Marie Louise Élisabeth to the rank of petite-fille de France, a rank none of the Condé children would ever acquire.

On 9 April 1714, Françoise-Marie was asked to help baptise her niece Louise-Françoise de Bourbon, the only daughter of her older brother, the Duke of Maine. Louise-Françoise was named in honor of her aunt, Françoise-Marie's rival and sister, the Princess of Condé, and was known as court as Mademoiselle du Maine. Françoise-Marie was helped by the little Dauphin, the future King Louis XV.

The Château de Bagnolet, Françoise-Marie's favourite residence. Engraving by Jacques Rigaud.

On the death of his great-grandfather Louis XIV, in 1715, the five-year old Dauphin became the new king of France as Louis XV. There was a great deal of tension between Françoise-Marie's older brother, the Duke of Maine, and her husband, the Duke of Orléans, over who was to be named Regent during the minority of the new king. The Parlement de Paris ruled in favour of her husband who was named Regent. As the wife of the de facto ruler of France, Françoise-Marie became the most important lady of the kingdom. During the Regency, she reigned supreme at court, and her husband increased her annual allowance to 400,000 livres.

In March 1719, she acquired the Château de Bagnolet in Bagnolet, near Paris, and, at her death, the estate passed to her son, Louis d'Orléans, Louis le Pieux. Françoise-Marie extended the small château under the direction of Claude Desgots who also worked at the duc du Maine's Château de Sceaux and who was a nephew of the renowned gardener of Louis XIV, André Le Nôtre. Between 1665 and 1693, Le Nôtre had redesigned the gardens at Saint-Cloud for the Duke of Orléans.

Family Life

Her many daughters were well-known for their promiscuous behaviour. After the liaison of her favourite daughter, Charlotte Aglaé, with the libertine duc de Richelieu was discovered, Françoise-Marie and her husband set about to find a suitable husband for the girl. Their choice fell upon the future Duke of Modena and Reggio. At the same time, the Cellamare Conspiracy was uncovered. The Duke and Duchess of Maine, as well as the duc de Richelieu, were arrested for participating in the plot and temporarily imprisoned.

Earlier, Françoise-Marie had tried to get either Louise Adélaïde or Charlotte Aglaé to marry the Duke of Maine's son, Louis Auguste, Prince of Dombes, but both refused their cousin.

In 1721, marriage arrangements into the royal family of Spain were also agreed upon for two of her other daughters, Louise Élisabeth, and Philippine Élisabeth. Louise Élisabeth was to marry the Infante Luis Felipe of Spain, the heir to the throne of Spain, while Philippine Élisabeth was to marry Luis Felipe's younger half-brother, the Infante Carlos of Spain. Both marriages took place but that of Philippine Élisabeth was annulled and she returned to France. She died at the Château de Bagnolet in 1734.

After the death of her husband in December 1723, Françoise-Marie retired to Saint-Cloud. In 1724, her son, the new Duke of Orléans, Louis le Pieux, married Margravine Auguste Marie Johanna of Baden-Baden, daughter of one of his father's former enemies, Louis William, Margrave of Baden-Baden. Prior to the marriage, prospective brides had included his first cousin, Élisabeth Alexandrine de Bourbon, and two Russian grand duchesses, the Grand Duchess Anna and her sister, the Grand Duchess Elizabeth, both daughters of the tsar of Russia, Peter the Great. Françoise-Marie's son was turned down by the Russian court over forms of address. Not being a fils or petit-fils de France, Françoise-Marie's son possessed only the style of Serene Highness whereas each Russian Grand Duchess possessed the higher style of Imperial Highness.

Françoise-Marie as she appeared during the Regency; by Etienne Jahandier Desroches

In 1725, Françoise-Marie saw the marriage of her cousin, the young King Louis XV, to the Polish princess Marie Leszczyńska. As the dowager Duchess of Orléans, she remained one of the most important ladies at court. However, her position became greatly diminished over time with the birth of a succession of daughters to the royal couple. As it turned out, the second of the king's eight daughters, Madame Henriette, fell in love with Françoise-Marie's grandson, Louis Philippe d'Orléans. Louis XV would not, however, allow the marriage because he did not want the House of Orléans to come too close to the throne of France.

Afterwards, it fell upon the dowager duchess to help find her unwed grandson a suitable bride. At the direction of her son, Françoise-Marie negotiated with her niece, Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon, for her grandson to marry Louise Élisabeth's beautiful daughter, Louise Henriette de Bourbon. This marriage united a grandchild of Françoise-Marie with a grandchild of her sister and enemy, the Princess of Condé.

Françoise-Marie lived to see, in 1747, the birth of their son, the future Philippe Égalité.

The next of her daughters to marry was the youngest. Louise Diane, the favourite of Madame, was engaged to the young Louis François de Bourbon, Prince of Conti whom she married at Versailles. Louise died in childbirth at the Château d'Issy. Louise Diane's only surviving child was the last Prince of Conti, who would later marry Princess Maria Fortunata of Modena. Maria Fortunata was one of the daughters of the wayward Charlotte Aglaé.

Charlotte Aglaé was Françoise-Marie's most difficult daughter. She returned from Modena in a self-imposed exile many a time and Françoise-Marie and her son Louis chose to ignore her when she did. She returned to Modena in 1737 when she became the Sovereign Duchess Consort.

In 1739, Françoise-Marie's elder half-sister, the Dowager Princess of Conti died at the age of seventy-two. Three years later, her fourth surviving daughter, Louise Élisabeth, died at the Palais du Luxembourg in Paris. Louise Élisabeth's funeral took place in the church of Saint Sulpice. Ironically, the funeral occurred in the same church in which Françoise-Marie's mother and her legal husband, the Marquis de Montespan, had been married years before in 1663. The church's bishop was Louis Charles de Saint-Albin, an illegitimate child of Françoise-Marie's deceased husband.

Her second surviving daughter Louise Adélaïde died in Paris in February 1743 after having been Abbess of Chelles for 15 years; four months later in June Françoise-Marie's sister and rival, the dowager Princess of Condé, died at the Palais Bourbon.

In December 1744 at the Palace of Versailles, her eldest surviving grand daughter Princess Maria Teresa Felicitas of Modena married the wealthiest man in France, the Duke of Penthièvre; Penthièvre was the only legitimate son of Françoise-Marie's younger brother, the Count of Toulouse. Through this marriage, Françoise-Marie became the great-great-grandmother of Louis Philippe I, King of the French.

Françoise-Marie would live to see the birth of her great-grandson, Louis Alexandre, Prince of Lamballe. He would later become the husband of one of Queen Marie Antoinette's closest friends, Princess Maria Teresa Louisa of Savoy.

Françoise-Marie died on 1 February 1749 at the Palais Royal after a long illness. She was the last surviving child of Louis XIV. She had outlived her husband by twenty-six years. She was survived by two children, Charlotte Aglaé and Louis, Duke of Orléans. She was buried in the Church of Madeleine de Trainel (Église de la Madeleine de Tresnel) in Paris, an old Benedictine church on Rue de Charonne in Paris on 6 February. Trainel was near her favourite Bagnolet. Her heart was taken to the Val-de-Grâce.

• At present, in the Royal Collection owned by the British Royal Family, there exists a miniature portrait by the Venetian painter Rosalba Carriera of Françoise-Marie. She poses as Amphitrite. Carriera also painted Françoise-Marie's husband and niece, Mademoiselle de Clermont. The portrait is believed to have been presented to Queen Victoria by Françoise-Marie's infamous descendant, King Louis Philippe I of the French. See here

Issue

Name	Portrait	Lifespan	Notes
Mademoiselle de Valois		17 December 1693 - 17 October 1694,	Born at the Château de Marly and died at the Palais-Royal
Marie Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans Duchess of Berry		20 August 1695 - 21 July 1719	Born at the Palace of Versailles; Married Charles de France, Duke of Berry and had issue; died at the Château de La Muette in Paris. She was known as Mademoiselle d'Orléans prior to her marriage.
Marie Louise Adélaïde d'Orléans Abbess of Chelles		13 August 1698 - 10 February 1743	Born at the Palace of Versailles and never married; became the Abbess of Chelles in 1719; she died at Chelles; known as Mademoiselle de Chartres, she was later known as Madame d'Orléans;
Charlotte Aglaé d'Orléans Duchess of Modena and Reggio		20 October 1700 - 19 January 1761	Born at the Palais-Royal; Married Francis III, Duke of Modena and had issue; died at the Luxembourg Palace in Paris; known as Mademoiselle de Valois prior to marriage;
Louis d'Orléans Duke of Orléans	File:Louis d'Orléans, duc d'Orléans.jpg	4 August 1703 - 4 February 1752	Born at Versailles, he married Margravine Auguste Marie Johanna of Baden-Baden and had issue; died at the Abbaye de Sainte Geneviève in Paris; Duke of Chartres till his succession in 1723;
Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans Queen of Spain	File:Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans, Reine d'Espagne, Jean Ranc.jpg	11 December 1709 - 16 June 1742	Born at Versailles, she married Louis I of Spain and had no issue; died at the Luxembourg Palace in Paris; known as Mademoiselle de Montpensier prior to marriage;
Philippine Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans Mademoiselle de Beaujolais		18 December 1714 - 21 May 1734	Born at Versailles, she never married; was engaged to the future Charles III of Spain; died at her mothers favourite home, the Château de Bagnolet, Paris aged 20; known as Mademoiselle de Beaujolais;
Louise Diane d'Orléans Princess of Conti		27 June 1716 – 26 September 1736	Born at the Palais-Royal, she married Louis François de Bourbon, Prince of Conti, the grandson of her mother's sister, Louise-Françoise de Bourbon; was the mother of Louis François de Bourbon, Prince of Conti, the last Prince of Conti. Died at the Château d'Issy; She known as Mademoiselle de Chartres;

Siblings

Sibling and Family

Name Birth Death Notes Full siblings - by Françoise-Athénaïs de Rochechouart de Mortemart, marquise de Montespan (5 October 1641 – 27 May 1707) Louise Françoise de Bourbon at the end of March, 1669 23 February 1672 Louis-Auguste de Bourbon, duc du Maine 31 March 1670 14 May 1736 Legitimised on 20 December 1673. Held numerous offices, of which: Colonel-Général des Suisses et des Grisons, Governor of Languedoc, Général des Galères, and Grand-Maître de l'Artillerie. Was also duc d'Aumale, comte d'Eu and prince de Dombes. Had issue with Anne Louise Bénédicte de Bourbon. Founder of the House of Bourbon-du Maine. Louis-César de Bourbon, comte de Vexin, abbé de Saint-Denis et de Saint-Germain-des-Prés 20 June 1672 10 January 1683 Legitimised on 20 December 1673. Louise-Françoise de Bourbon, Mlle de Nantes, duchesse de Bourbon, princesse de Condé 1 June 1673 16 June 1743 Legitimised on 20 December 1673. Married Louis de Bourbon, duc d'Enghien, (later duc de Bourbon, and then prince de Condé). Had issue. Louise Marie Anne de Bourbon, Mlle de Tours 12 November 1674 15 September 1681 Legitimised in January 1676. Françoise-Marie de Bourbon, Mlle de Blois, duchesse d'Orléans 4 May 1677 1 February 1749 Legitimised in November 1681. Married Philippe d'Orléans, duc de Chartres, (later duc d'Orléans), the Regent of France under Louis XV. Had issue. Louis-Alexandre de Bourbon, comte de Toulouse 6 June 1678 1 December 1737 Legitimised on 22 November 1681. Held numerous offices, of which: Admiral of France, Governor of Guyenne, Governor of Brittany, and Grand-Veneur de France. Was also duc de Damville, de Rambouillet et de Penthièvre. Had issue. Founder of the House of Bourbon-Toulouse. Paternal legitimate half-siblings - by Marie-Thérèse d'Autriche, Infanta of Spain, Queen of France and of Navarre (20 September 1638 – 30 July 1683) Louis of France, le Grand Dauphin 1 November 1661 14 April 1711 Fils de France. Dauphin of France (1661–1711). Had issue. Father of Louis, duc de Bourgogne (later Dauphin of France), Philippe, duc d'Anjou (later King of Spain) and Charles, duc de Berry. Grandfather of Louis, duc d'Anjou (later Dauphin, and then King of France) Princess Anne Élisabeth of France 18 November 1662 30 December 1662 Fille de France. Died in infancy. Princess Marie Anne of France 16 November 1664 26 December 1664 (?) Fille de France. Died in infancy or became Louise Marie-Therese (The Black Nun of Moret). Princess Marie Thérèse of France, Madame Royale 2 January 1667 1 March 1672 Fille de France. Known as Madame Royale and la Petite Madame Philippe Charles of France duc d'Anjou 5 August 1668 10 July 1671 Fils de France. Louis François of France, duc d'Anjou 14 June 1672 4 November 1672 Fils de France. Died in infancy. Paternal illegitimate half-siblings - by Louise-Françoise de La Baume Le Blanc, duchesse de La Vallière et de Vaujours (6 August 1644 – 6 June 1710) Charles de Bourbon 19 December 1663 15 July 1665 Not legitimised. Philippe de Bourbon 7 January 1665 1666 Not legitimised. Marie Anne de Bourbon, Mlle de Blois, duchesse de La Vallière, princesse de Conti 2 October 1666 3 May 1739 Legitimised on 14 May 1667. Married Louis Armand de Bourbon, prince de Conti. Louis de Bourbon, comte de Vermandois 3 October 1667 18 November 1683 Legitimised on 20 February 1669. Held the office of Admiral of France. Paternal illegitimate half-siblings - by Claude de Vin, Mademoiselle des Oeillets (c. 1637 - 18 May 1687) Louise de Maisonblanche 1676 12 September 1718 In 1696 she married Bernard de Prez, Baron de La Queue. [1] by Marie Angelique de Scorailles, Duchess de Fontanges (1661 - 28 June 1681) son 1681 1681 Maternal legitimate half-siblings - by Louis Henri de Pardaillan de Gondrin, Marquis of Montespan (1640 - 1 December 1691) Marie-Christine de Pardaillan de Gondrin 1663 1675 died in childhood. Louis Antoine de Pardaillan de Gondrin, marquis d'Antin, Gondrin and Montespan later duc d'Antin Paris, 5 September 1665 Paris, 2 November 1736 married Julie Françoise de Crussol d'Uzès and had issue.

Ancestry

Family of Françoise Marie de Bourbon

16. Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme 8. Henry IV of France 17. Jeanne III of Navarre 4. Louis XIII of France 18. Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany 9. Marie de' Medici 19. Archduchess Joanna of Austria 2. Louis XIV of France 20. Philip II of Spain 10. Philip III of Spain 21. Anna of Austria 5. Anne of Austria 22. Charles II, Archduke of Austria 11. Margaret of Austria 23. Maria Anna of Bavaria 1. Françoise-Marie de Bourbon, Légitimée de France 24. René de Rochechouart, Seigneur de Mortemart 12. Gaspard de Rochechouart, Marquis of Mortemart 25. Jeanne de Saulx de Tavannes 6. Gabriel de Rochechouart, Duke of Mortemart 26. Charles, Count of Maure 13. Louise de Maure, Countess of Maure 27. Diane de Pérusse des Cars, Princess of Carency 3. Françoise-Athénaïs, Marchioness of Montespan 28. Pierre de Grandsaigne, Seigneur de La Flotte 14. Jean de Grandseigne, Marquis of Marsillac 29. Françoise Baillard 7. Diane de Grandseigne 30. François de La Béraudière, Seigneur de Villechèze 15. Catherine de La Béraudière, Lady of Villenon 31. Anne Adrienne Frotier

Titles, styles, honours and arms

Royal styles of Françoise-Marie, Duchess of Orléans Reference style Her Royal Highness Spoken style Your Royal Highness Alternative style Madame d'Orléans

Titles and styles

• 4 May 1677 – 22 November 1681 Françoise-Marie de Bourbon
• 22 November 1681 – 18 February 1692 Her Highness Françoise-Marie de Bourbon, Legitimée de France, "Mademoiselle de Blois"
• 18 February 1692 – 9 June 1701 Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Chartres (Son Altesse royale Madame la duchesse de Chartres)
• 9 June 1701 – 2 December 1723 Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Orléans (Son Altesse royale Madame la duchesse d'Orléans)
• 2 December 1723 – 1 February 1749 Her Royal Highness the Dowager Duchess of Orléans (Son Altesse royale Madame la Duchesse d'Orléans Douairière)
  • From 1709 Françoise-Marie was entitled to be addressed as Madame la Princesse but due to her husband not using the style, Françoise-Marie did not either.

References and Notes

Sources

• This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

See also

|}