1380s

The 1380s decade ran from January 1, 1380, to December 31, 1389.

Events and trends

• The Western Schism continued with Pope Urban VI and Avignon Pope Clement VII, each of whom was considered by some to be the Pope.
• Richard II reigned in England, and Charles VI was king in France.
• Geoffrey Chaucer began work on The Canterbury Tales
• A civil war in the Scandinavian part of Sweden brought unrest to Finland, too.
• As part of the Hundred Years' War, the island of Jersey was attacked numerous times and was even occupied for a couple of years.
• Many Humanist books were produced as part of the early Italian Renaissance.

1380

• The city of Sofia (Bulgaria) was taken by the Ottoman Empire (Turks).
• Battle of Kulikovo – Russian forces under Grand Prince Dmitri Ivanovich of Moscow defeated a mixed army of Tatars and Mongols (the Golden Horde), stopping their advance at Kulikovo.
• Charles V of France died and was succeeded by his son Charles VI, who reigned until 1422.
• Haakon VI of Norway died and was succeeded by his son Olaf III of Denmark as Olaf IV of Norway. Iceland, as a part of Norway passed under the Danish crown.

1381 Peasants' Revolt: In England rebels arrived at Blackheath. King Richard II of England met the leaders of Peasants Revolt. The revolt is discussed in John Gower's Vox Clamantis and Froissart's Chronicles.

1382

• End of the reign of Emperor Go-En'yu of Japan, fifth and last of the Northern Ashikaga Pretenders. Emperor Go-Komatsu ascended to the throne of Japan.
• John Wyclif's teachings were condemned by the Synod of London.
• Trieste was donated by its inhabitants to Leopold III von Habsburg.
• Mary of Hungary became Queen of Hungary as a child, because her father Louis I the Great of Hungary had died.

1383 End of the reign of Emperor Chokei of Japan. Emperor Go-Kameyama comes to the throne of Japan.

1383-1385 Crisis. This included the Siege of Lisbon by the Castilian army in 1384.

1384 Queen Jadwiga(c. 1374–1399) acquired the throne and reigned until 1399. She is venerated in the Roman Catholic Church as Saint Hedwig (Jadwiga) the Queen.

1385

• The Battle of Aljubarrota was fought between the Portuguese under John I of Portugal and the Castilians, under John I of Castile. The decisive Portuguese victory guaranteed independence and ended the 1383-1385 Crisis.
• John I of Portugal became the first Portuguese king of the House of Aviz.
• The Union of Krewo established the Jagiellonian dynasty in Poland and Lithuania through the marriage of Queen Jadwiga of Poland and Grand Prince Jagiello of Lithuania and saw the acceptance of Roman Catholicism by the Lithuanian elite.
• The marriage of Charles VI of France and Isabella of Bavaria-Straubing was the occasion for the first French court ball.

1386

• Battle of Sempach: Swiss safeguarded their independence from Habsburg rule.
• The Capet-Anjou family's reign over Poland ended. Jagiello (Vladislav V) united Lithuania and Poland.
• Dan I was succeeded as ruler of Wallachia by Mircea the Old.
• The Viking colony of Greenland submitted itself to the Norwegian king.

1387

• John Holland, a maternal half-brother of Richard II of England, was created Earl of Huntingdon.
• Olaf IV of Norway/ Olaf III of Denmark died. The thrones vacated by Olaf came under the Regency of his mother Margaret I of Denmark; she would soon become Queen in her own right.
• Battle of Radcot Bridge: forces loyal to Richard II were defeated by Henry Bolingbroke, Earl of Derby.
• Geoffrey Chaucer began writing The Canterbury Tales.
• Queen Margaret I of Denmark acceded to the throne.

1388

• The prosecution of Lollards in England began.
• The Battle of Otterburn was fought between England and Scotland
• Korea's Joseon dynasty started.
• Bosnian Army lead by Vlatko Vukovic defeats Ottoman Army at Battle of Bileca and stops Ottoman advance into Bosnia

1389

• Margaret I seized Albert, thus becoming ruler of Denmark, Norway and Sweden
• The Battle of Kosovo happened between Serbs and Ottomans. Both the Serbian Prince Lazar and Murad I were killed in the battle.
  • The Ottoman Empire got a new emperor. Murad I (1359–1389) was succeeded by Beyazid I (1389–1402).

Births

1380

• February 11 – Gian Francesco Poggio Bracciolini, Italian humanist (died 1459)
• September 8 – Saint Bernardino of Siena, Italian Franciscan missionary (died 1444)
• Ghiyath al-Kashi, Persian astronomer and mathematician (died 1429)
• Thomas à Kempis, German monk and writer (died 1471)

1381

• May 9 – Johann Schiltberger, German traveller and writer (died 1440)
• October 13 – Thomas FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel, English politician (died 1415)
• John I, Duke of Bourbon (died 1434)
• Saint Rita of Cascia (died 1457)

1382

• Frederick IV of Austria – Regent of Tyrol and Further Austria (died 1439)
• Dawit I of Ethiopia (died 1413)
• Eric of Pomerania, King of Norway, Sweden and Denmark (died 1459)
• Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick (died 1439)

1383

• Amadeus VIII of Savoy (died 1451)
• Pope Eugene IV (died 1447)
• Anne of Gloucester, English noblewoman (died 1438)

1384

• Antoine, Duke of Brabant (died 1415)
• St Frances of Rome (died 1440)
• Khalil Sultan, Timurid ruler in Transoxiana (died 1411)

1385

• John FitzAlan, 13th Earl of Arundel (died 1421)
• Jan van Eyck, Flemish painter (approximate date; died 1441)
• Margaret Holland, English noblewoman (died 1429)

1386

• Ashikaga Yoshimochi, Japanese shogun (died 1428)
• Giovanni da Capistrano, Italian saint (died 1456)
• Donatello, Italian artist (died 1466)
• Mircea cel Batran, ruler of Wallachia (died 1418)
• Niccolò Piccinino, Italian mercenary (died 1444)

1387

• King Henry V of England (died 1422)
• King Charles III of Navarre (died 1425)
• Isabella of Valois, Princess of France (died 1410)

1388

• Claudius Clavus, Danish geographer
• Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, second son of Henry IV of England (d. 1421)
• Juliana Berners, English writer
• Thomas Montacute, 4th Earl of Salisbury (died 1428)

1389

• John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford, son of Henry IV of England, regent of England (died 1435)
• Cosimo de' Medici, ruler of Florence (died 1464)
• John VI, Duke of Brittany (died 1442)
• Zbigniew Oleśnicki, Polish cardinal and statesman (died 1455)
• Antoninus of Florence, Italian archbishop

Deaths

1380

• Philippa Plantagenet, Countess of Ulster (born 1355)
• Saint Catherine of Siena (born 1347)
• Emperor Komyo of Japan (born 1322)
• King Charles V of France (born 1338)
• Bertrand du Guesclin, Constable of France
• Dafydd ap Gwilym, Welsh poet
• Haakon VI of Norway (born 1340)
• Nissim of Gerona, rabbi (born 1320)

1381

• St Catherine of Sweden
• Simon Sudbury, Archbishop of Canterbury
• John Cavendish, English jurist
• John of Ruysbroeck, Flemish mystic (born 1293)
• Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March (born 1351)
• Wat Tyler, English rebel

1382

• Janusz Suchywilk, Polish nobleman
• Joan I of Naples (born 1327)
• Kestutis, Grand Prince of Lithuania (born 1297)
• Eleanor of Aragon, queen of John I of Castile (born 1358)
• Peter II of Cyprus, called The Fat
• Philip van Artevelde, Flemish patriot (born 1340)
• Louis I of Hungary (born 1326)
• Nicole Oresme, French philosopher (born 1325)

1383

• Amadeus VI of Savoy (born 1334)
• Thomas de Ros, 5th Baron de Ros (born 1338)
• John VI Cantacuzenus, Byzantine emperor (born c. 1292)
• King Fernando I of Portugal (born 1345)

1384

• Geert Groote, Dutch preacher and founder of the Brethren of the Common Life (born 1340)
• John Wyclif, English theologian and Bible translator (born 1328)
• Ruaidri mac Tairdelbach Ua Conchobair, King of Connacht
• Joanna of Dreux, countess of Penthievre and nominal Duchess of Brittany (born 1319)
• John of Fordun, Scottish chronicler
• Kanami, Japanese Noh actor and playwright (born 1333)
• Lubart, King of Galicia
• Peter of Enghien, Count of Lecce

1385 Joan of Kent, wife of Edward, the Black Prince (born 1328)

1386

• Duke Leopold III of Austria (born 1351)
• James Audley, English knight

1387

• Franz Ackerman, Flemish statesman (born 1330)
• Olaf IV of Norway/Olaf III of Denmark (born 1370)
• Peter IV of Aragon (born 1319)
• Richard Og Burke, second Clanricarde
• Peter de la Mare, English politician
• King Charles II of Navarre (born 1332)

1388

• Simon de Burley, Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports
• James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Douglas
• Thomas Usk, English author

1389

• Murad I, emperor of the Ottoman Empire (born 1319)
• Prince Lazar, Prince of Serbia
• Pope Urban VI (born c. 1318)
• Dimitri Donskoi, Russian tsar
• Isabel Macduff, 9th Countess of Fife
• Hayam Wuruk – Ruler of the Majapahit Empire on Java (born 1334)