Cenchrus longispinus

Spiny Burr Grass; Gentle Annie
	Cenchrus longispinus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Monocots
(unranked):	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Subfamily:	Chloridoideae
Genus:	Cenchrus
Species:	C. longispinus
Binomial name
	Cenchrus longispinus; (Hack.) Fern.
Synonyms
	Cenchrus echinatus f. longispinus Hack.; Cenchrus echinatus var. longispinus (Hack.) Jansen & Wacht.; Cenchrus pauciflorus var. longispinus (Hack.) Jansen & Wacht.;

Cenchrus longispinus is a species of grass, also known as Spiny Burr Grass or Gentle Annie. Its fruits are clumped into "burrs" with sharp, barbed spines that can penetrate the hides and mouth of grazing animals. They can also become lodged in human clothing, causing some discomfort.^[3]

The species is native to North America (Canada, Mexico, and the United States). It is a noxious weed in Europe, Australia and New Zealand where it was introduced.^[2]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]

References

^ Line drawing of Cenchrus longispinus from the USDA PLANTS Database. Source: http://plants.usda.gov/java/largeImage?imageID=ceca6_001_avd.tif Original source: USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. Illustrated flora of the northern states and Canada. Vol. 1: 167.
^ ^a ^b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^ Fernald, Merritt Lyndon 1943. Virginian botanizing under restrictions. Rhodora 45(538): 357-413
^ Victoria, Australia, Noxious Weed site
^ Distribution in Australia, native origin Archived August 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
^ DAISIE (eds.). 2009. Handbook of Alien Species in Europe. Springer, Dordrecht. 399 p. ISBN 978-1-4020-8279-5
^ Caro, J. A. & E. Sanchez. 1969. Cenchrus. In: A. Burkart, Gramineas. 2: 437–445. In A. E. Burkart (ed.) Fl. Il. Entre Ríos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires
^ DeLisle, D. G. 1963. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Cenchrus. Iowa State College Journal of Science 37(3): 259–351
^ Herrera Arrieta, Y. 2014. Additions and updated names for grasses of Durango, Mexico. Acta Botánica Mexicana 106: 79–95
^ Sousa Sánchez, M. & E. F. Cabrera Cano. 1983. Flora de Quintana Roo. Listados Florísticos de México 2: 1–100

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[1] Line drawing of Cenchrus longispinus from the USDA PLANTS Database. Source: http://plants.usda.gov/java/largeImage?imageID=ceca6_001_avd.tif Original source: USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. Illustrated flora of the northern states and Canada. Vol. 1: 167.

[h-2] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

[3] Fernald, Merritt Lyndon 1943. Virginian botanizing under restrictions. Rhodora 45(538): 357-413

[4] Victoria, Australia, Noxious Weed site

[5] Distribution in Australia, native origin Archived August 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine

[6] DAISIE (eds.). 2009. Handbook of Alien Species in Europe. Springer, Dordrecht. 399 p. ISBN 978-1-4020-8279-5

[7] Caro, J. A. & E. Sanchez. 1969. Cenchrus. In: A. Burkart, Gramineas. 2: 437–445. In A. E. Burkart (ed.) Fl. Il. Entre Ríos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires

[8] DeLisle, D. G. 1963. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Cenchrus. Iowa State College Journal of Science 37(3): 259–351

[9] Herrera Arrieta, Y. 2014. Additions and updated names for grasses of Durango, Mexico. Acta Botánica Mexicana 106: 79–95

[10] Sousa Sánchez, M. & E. F. Cabrera Cano. 1983. Flora de Quintana Roo. Listados Florísticos de México 2: 1–100

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