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Antimony pentasulfide: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Inorganic compound of antimony and sulfur}}
{{Chembox
{{Chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
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| verifiedrevid = 399511386
| Watchedfields = changed
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| verifiedrevid = 438644241
| ImageFile =
| ImageFile =
| ImageSize =
| ImageSize =
| IUPACName =
| IUPACName =
| OtherNames =
| OtherNames = Antimony red
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 17615643
| ChemSpiderID = 17615643
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = PPKVREKQVQREQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| StdInChIKey = PPKVREKQVQREQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|??}}
| CASNo = 1315-04-4
| CASNo = 1315-04-4
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
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| PubChem = 11338637
| UNII = 1433F1I86N
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| ATCCode_prefix = R05
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| PubChem = 16683083
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| ATCCode_suffix = CA07
| SMILES = S=[Sb](=S)S[Sb](=S)=S
| SMILES = S=[Sb](=S)S[Sb](=S)=S
| EINECS = 215-255-5
| DTXSID = DTXSID8046583
| ChEBI = 134733
}}
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Sb = 2 | S = 5
| Formula = {{chem2|Sb2S5}}
| Sb=2|S=5
| MolarMass =
| MolarMass =
| Appearance = yellow to orange powder
| Appearance = Red powder
| Density =
| Density = 4.12 g/cm <sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPt =
| MeltingPtC = 135
| MeltingPt_notes = (decomposes)
| BoilingPt =
| BoilingPt =
| Solubility = insoluble
| Solubility = insoluble
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[hydrochloric acid|HCl]] <br> soluble in alkalis}}
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[hydrochloric acid|HCl]], alkalis, [[ammonium hydrosulfide]]}}
| Section3 = {{Chembox Hazards
|Section6={{Chembox Pharmacology
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| ATCCode_prefix = R05
| EUClass = {{Hazchem F}}
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| ATCCode_suffix = CA07
| RPhrases = {{R11}}
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| FlashPt =
| Autoignition = }}
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| Section8 = {{Chembox Related
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| OtherAnions =
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| OtherCations =
| OtherFunctn =
| Function =
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| OtherCpds = [[Antimony(III) sulfide]]
}}
}}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS02}}{{GHS07}}{{GHS09}}
| GHSSignalWord = Warning
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|228|302|332|411}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|210|240|241|261|264|270|271|273|280|301+312|304+312|304+340|312|330|370+378|391|501}}
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| FlashPt = flammable
| AutoignitionPt =
| REL = TWA 0.5 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (as Sb)<ref name=PGCH>{{PGCH|0036}}</ref>
| PEL = TWA 0.5 mg/m<sup>3</sup> (as Sb)<ref name=PGCH/>
}}
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|Section8={{Chembox Related
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| OtherAnions =
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| OtherCations =
| OtherFunction =
| OtherFunction_label =
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| OtherCompounds = [[Antimony(III) sulfide]]
}}
}}
}}
'''Antimony pentasulfide''' is an [[inorganic compound]] of [[antimony]] and [[sulfur]], also known as '''antimony red'''. It is a [[nonstoichiometric compound]] with a variable composition. Commercial samples are usually are contaminated with sulfur, which may be removed by washing with [[carbon disulfide]] in a [[Soxhlet extractor]]. It is the precursor to [[Schlippe's Salt]], Na<sub>3</sub>SbS<sub>4</sub>. It may also be used as a red [[pigment]].
'''Antimony pentasulfide''' is an [[inorganic compound]] of [[antimony]] and [[sulfur]], also known as '''antimony red'''. It is a [[nonstoichiometric compound]] with a variable composition. Its structure is unknown.<ref>Arnold F. Holleman, Nils Wiberg: ''Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie'', 102nd edition, de Gruyter, Berlin 2007, p. 849, {{ISBN|978-3-11-017770-1}}.</ref> Commercial samples are contaminated with sulfur, which may be removed by washing with [[carbon disulfide]] in a [[Soxhlet extractor]].

==Production==
Antimony pentasulfide can be produced by the reaction of antimony with sulfur at a temperature from 250 to 400&nbsp;°C in an inert atmosphere.

==Uses==
It may be used as a red [[pigment]] and is one possible precursor to [[Schlippe's Salt|Schlippe's salt]], {{chem2|Na3SbS4*9H2O}}, which can be prepared according to the equation:

:{{chem2|3 Na2S + Sb2S5 + 9 H2O → 2 Na3SbS4*9H2O}}

It is also used in the [[vulcanization]] of [[rubber]] to produce red rubber.

==Physical chemistry==
Like many [[sulfide]]s, this compound liberates [[hydrogen sulfide]] upon treatment with [[strong acid]]s such as [[hydrochloric acid]].<ref>[http://www.strem.com/catalog/printer.php?type=msds&catalog_number=93-5105 Strem MSDS]</ref>

:{{chem2|6 HCl + Sb2S5 → 2 SbCl3 + 3 H2S + 2 S}}


Like many [[sulfide]]s, this compound liberates [[hydrogen sulfide]] upon treatment with [[strong acid]]s like [[hydrochloric acid]].<ref>[http://www.strem.com/catalog/printer.php?type=msds&catalog_number=93-5105 Strem MSDS]</ref> Analysis by [[Mössbauer spectroscopy]] indicates that this compound is a derivative antimony(III).<ref>{{cite journal | title = The oxidation number of antimony in antimony pentasulfide | journal = Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | year = 1969 | pages = 21–25 | author = G. G. Long, J. G. Stevens, L. H. Bowen, S. L. Ruby | doi = 10.1016/0020-1650(69)80231-X | }}</ref> It is therefore not analogous to [[phosphorus pentasulfide]].
Analysis by [[Mössbauer spectroscopy]] indicates that this compound is a derivative antimony(III),<ref>{{cite journal | title = The oxidation number of antimony in antimony pentasulfide | journal = Inorganic and Nuclear Chemistry Letters | volume = 5 | issue = 1 | year = 1969 | pages = 21–25 |author1=G. G. Long |author2=J. G. Stevens |author3=L. H. Bowen |author4=S. L. Ruby | doi = 10.1016/0020-1650(69)80231-X}}</ref> explaining the production of [[antimony(III) chloride]], rather than [[antimony(V) chloride]], upon acidification. It is, therefore, not analogous to the phosphorus(V) compound [[phosphorus pentasulfide]].


==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references/>



{{Antimony compounds}}
{{Antimony compounds}}
{{Sulfides}}
{{Disulfides}}
{{Cough and cold preparations}}
{{Cough and cold preparations}}


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[[Category:Antimony compounds]]
[[Category:Antimony compounds]]
[[Category:Sulfides]]
[[Category:Sulfides]]


{{respiratory-system-drug-stub}}
{{inorganic-compound-stub}}

[[ar:كبريتيد أنتيموان خماسي]]
[[de:Antimon(V)-sulfid]]
[[hu:Antimon-pentaszulfid]]
[[zh:五硫化二锑]]
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