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Pieter Goos

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Pieter Goos
Born
Pieter Goos

1616
Amsterdam
Died1675 (aged 58–59)
Amsterdam
ChildrenOne son, Henrik Goos
Parent(s)Father, Abraham Goos and mother Stijntgen Theunisdr de Ram
Pieter Goos' map of the East Indies (1660)
Detail of his East Indies map showing Christmas Island

Pieter Goos (1616–1675) was a Dutch cartographer, copperplate engraver, publisher and bookseller. He was the son of Abraham Goos (1590–1643), also a cartographer and map seller. From 1666, Pieter Goos published a number of well produced atlases. He was the first to map Christmas Island, which he labelled "Mony" in his map of the East Indies, published in his 1666 Zee-Atlas (Sea Atlas).[1] His Atlas ofte Water-Weereld (Atlas or Water World)[2] has been cited as one of the best maritime atlases of its time.[3] Another of his fine works was the Oost Indien (East Indies) map published in 1680.[4]

Early life

Goos was born in 1616 into a cartographer's family in Amsterdam, Netherlands. His father, Abraham, was an established cartographer having published globes as well as land and sea maps at Antwerp. His mother was Stijntgen Theunisdr de Ram.[3][5] In Antwerp, his father had associated with Jodocus Hondius and Johannes Janssonius. Goos followed in his footsteps, first creating pilot books and then moving into global sea atlases to assist navigation.[3] His son, Henrik, followed in the family tradition of cartography and publishing.[6] Goos operated from Amsterdam, which was the focal point of cartography (as Antwerp was affected by war) and also trade during the seventeenth century. The Dutch maps were very detailed, colourful and attractive.[2]

Career

Pilot books, which contained a large number of navigation charts, were published by many authors, including Goos. He had a notarized agreement with two others, Jacob Lootsman and Hendrick Doncker, to publish pilot books for navigation along the Mediterranean coast, also covering easterly and westerly navigational routes. These were called the Dutch pilot books and remained valid for the period from 1643 to 1680. Goos was also instrumental in publishing the first pilot book for coastlines outside Europe.[7] A further improvement over the pilot books in Dutch cartography was the publication of sea atlases covering the whole world. Initiated in 1659 by Doncker, the approach was also adopted by Goos from 1666.[7] One of his larger works is named le grand & nouveau miroir ou flambeau de la mer (1662).[8] In the same year, Goos published "The Lighting Colomne or Sea-Mirrour", which not only contained nautical charts, but also "a brief instruction of the art of navigation".[9]

The maps of Goos and Gerard van Keulen were used exclusively during the eighteenth century until 1740. They were, however, found to have deficiencies such as the location of sandbars, grand banks and islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, with inaccuracies of as much as 44 leagues on the reduced Goos maps.[10]

Goos' famous world map titled Atlas ofte Water-Weereld was in two parts, one for each hemisphere. The colourful presentation included the two poles. His maritime maps encompassed not only Europe, Great Britain and Ireland but also the North Sea and the Baltic Sea. The Zee Atlas covered the English Channel, the Mediterranean[11] and the Arctic Ocean as well as the Indian and Pacific Oceans.[2] He also published regional maps covering the coastal areas of all the continents, facilitating navigation by including details of sandbars, sea depths and the islands near the coast.[2] A particular feature of the Goos maps was that they were embellished with "large descriptive cartouches" supplemented with sketches of ships, compass cards, and wind roses. His sea atlas of 1666, one of the most complete maritime atlases in existence in the second half of the seventeenth century,[12] contained a frontispiece which featured ships in combat.[13] Printed on thick paper with gilding, people bought the colourful maps just to decorate their offices and homes.[14] At least one of Goos' atlases was published by his widow.[15]

  • 1658 Paskaart Europa: Pieter Goos
    1658 Paskaart Europa: Pieter Goos
  • 1660 De Texel Stroom & De Mase: Pieter Goos
    1660 De Texel Stroom & De Mase: Pieter Goos
  • 1666 Orbis Terrarum (World Map): Pieter Goos
    1666 Orbis Terrarum (World Map): Pieter Goos
  • 1666 Nieu Nederlandt (New Netherland): Pieter Goos
    1666 Nieu Nederlandt (New Netherland): Pieter Goos
  • map of south Asia, southwest Asia, Australia, and the Indian Ocean
    map of south Asia, southwest Asia, Australia, and the Indian Ocean

References

  1. ^ "Christmas Island History". Countries of the World, Thodore.com. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
  2. ^ a b c d "Dutch Cartography in the 16th and 17th Century". European Heritage Organization. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
  3. ^ a b c "Biography". Pieter-goos.com. Retrieved 28 April 2013.
  4. ^ The Globe. Australian Map Curators' Circle. 1980. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
  5. ^ James A. Welu; P. Biesboer; Worcester Art Museum; Frans Halsmuseum (1993). Judith Leyster: a Dutch master and her world. Waanders Publishers. p. 335. ISBN 9789066302709. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
  6. ^ Leo Bagrow (1964). History of Cartography. Transaction Publishers. pp. 184–. ISBN 978-1-4128-2518-4. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
  7. ^ a b Günter Schilder (1981). A Manuscript Sea Atlas, Drawn by Romeyn de Hooghe in 1681. UC Biblioteca Geral 1. pp. 449–. GGKEY:A11FSU89AHQ. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
  8. ^ Hunter, Michael Cyril William (1999). A Radical's Books: The Library Catalogue of Samuel Jeake of Rye, 1623-90. Boydell & Brewer. pp. 105–. ISBN 978-0-85991-471-0. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
  9. ^ Weddle, Robert S (1991). The French Thorn: Rival Explorers in the Spanish Sea, 1682- 1762. Texas A&M University Press. pp. 328–. ISBN 978-0-89096-480-4. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
  10. ^ Gilles Proulx (1984). Between France and New France: life aboard the tall sailing ships. Dundurn. pp. 53–. ISBN 978-0-919670-81-5. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
  11. ^ "Mediterranean map by Goos". Eran Laor Cartographic Collection, the National Library of Israel.
  12. ^ A.), McPhee, John (John; NSW., Museums and Galleries. Great Collections : treasures from Art Gallery of NSW, Australian Museum, Botanic Gardens Trust, Historic Houses Trust of NSW, Museum of Contemporary Art, Powerhouse Museum, State Library of NSW, State Records NSW. Museums & Galleries NSW. p. 41. ISBN 9780646496030. OCLC 302147838.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  13. ^ Hoxby, Blair (1 December 2002). Mammon's Music: Literature and Economics in the Age of Milton. Yale University Press. pp. 166–. ISBN 978-0-300-12963-2. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
  14. ^ "Kart/Prospekter". Luxury Sea Charts of the Northern Navigation in Spectacular Colours Heightened in Gold Pieter Goos (1616 - 75). Kunstantikvariat Pama As. Retrieved 29 April 2013.
  15. ^ Shirley, Rodney W.; British Library (2004). Maps in the atlases of The British Library: a descriptive catalogue c. AD 850-1800. British Library. p. 1173. ISBN 978-0-7123-0669-0. Retrieved 1 May 2013.
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