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The [[Nobel Prize]] is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]], [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]], [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Physiology or Medicine]], [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]], and [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]]. An associated prize in [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Economics]] has been awarded since 1969.<ref name=Britannica1>[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9056008 "Nobel Prize]" (2007), in ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'', accessed 14 November 2007, from ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online'': {{blockquote|An additional award, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden and was first awarded in 1969}}</ref> Nobel Prizes have been awarded to over 900 individuals.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/all/ |title=All Nobel Laureates |publisher=Nobel Foundation |accessdate=2010-03-01}}</ref>
The [[Nobel Prize]] is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]], [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]], [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Physiology or Medicine]], [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]], and [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]], with an associated prize in [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Economics]] awarded since 1969.<ref name=Britannica1>[http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9056008 "Nobel Prize]" (2007), in ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]'', accessed 14 November 2007, from ''Encyclopædia Britannica Online'': {{blockquote|An additional award, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden and was first awarded in 1969}}</ref> As of November 2022, Nobel Prizes had been awarded to 954 individuals,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/lists/all/ |title=All Nobel Laureates |publisher=Nobel Foundation |accessdate=2023-03-01}}</ref> of whom 17 were Latin American recipients (1.7% of the 954 individual recipients).


[[Latin Americans]] have been the recipients in four of six award categories: [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]], [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]], [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]], and [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Physiology or Medicine]]. The first [[Latin American]] to receive the prize was [[Carlos Saavedra Lamas]] in 1936. The most recent recipient [[Juan Manuel Santos]] was awarded the Peace prize in October 2016.
[[Latin Americans]] have received awards in four of the six award categories: six in Literature (35.3% of the Latin recipients), six in Peace (35.3%), three in Physiology or Medicine (17.6%), and two in Chemistry (11.8%). The first Latin American recipient, [[Carlos Saavedra Lamas]], was awarded the Peace Prize in 1936. The most recent, [[Juan Manuel Santos]], was awarded the Peace Prize in 2016.


Two Latin American laureates — [[Óscar Arias Sánchez]] and [[Juan Manuel Santos]] — were Presidents of their countries (Costa Rica and Colombia respectively) when they were awarded the prize.
Among the Latin American laureates, two served as [[Head of state|heads of state]] or [[Head of government|government]] of their respective countries upon receiving the Nobel Prize. Those include [[Óscar Arias Sánchez]] of Costa Rica and [[Juan Manuel Santos]] of Colombia, who were presidents; both of them were awarded the Peace Prize.


==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
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! Year !! class="unportable" style="width:75px;"| Image !! Laureate !! Country !! Comment
! Year !! class="unportable" style="width:75px;"| Image !! Laureate !! Country !! Comment
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"|1970
| style="text-align:center;"| 1970
|[[File:Luis Federico Leloir - young.jpg|75px]]
|[[File:Luis Federico Leloir - young.jpg|center|75px]]
|[[Luis Federico Leloir|Luis F. Leloir]]
|[[Luis Federico Leloir|Luis F. Leloir]]
|{{Flag|Argentina}}
|{{Flag|Argentina}}
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|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1995
| style="text-align:center;"| 1995
|[[File:Mario Molina 1c389 8387.jpg|75px]]
|[[File:Mario Molina 1c389 8387.jpg|center|75px]]
|[[Mario J. Molina]]
|[[Mario J. Molina]]
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
⚫
|
⚫
|}

⚫
==Physiology or Medicine==
⚫
Three Latin Americans have been given the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]].
⚫
{| class="wikitable sortable"
⚫
|-
⚫
! Year !! class="unportable" style="width:75px;"| Image !! Laureate !! Country !! Comment
⚫
|-
⚫
| style="text-align:center;"| 1947
⚫
| [[File:Bernado Houssay.JPG|center|75px]]
⚫
| [[Bernardo Houssay|Bernardo Alberto Houssay]]
⚫
|{{Flag|Argentina}}
⚫
| First Latin American to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
⚫
|-
⚫
| style="text-align:center:"| 1980
⚫
| [[File:Baruj Benacerraf 1969.jpg|center|75px]]
| [[Baruj Benacerraf]]
⚫
|{{flag|Venezuela}}<br>{{flag|United States}}
⚫
|
⚫
|-
⚫
| style="text-align:center:"| 1984
⚫
| [[File:Milstein lnp.jpg|center|75px]]
⚫
| [[César Milstein]]
⚫
|{{flag|Argentina}}<br/>{{flag|United Kingdom}}
|
|
|}
|}
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{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
|-j
! Year !! class="unportable" style="width:75px;"| Image !! Laureate !! Country !! Comment
! Year !! class="unportable" style="width:75px;"| Image !! Laureate !! Country !! Comment
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1945
| style="text-align:center;"| 1945
| [[File:Gabriela Mistral-01 cropped.jpg|75px]]
| [[File:Gabriela Mistral-01 cropped.jpg|center|75px]]
| [[Gabriela Mistral]]
| [[Gabriela Mistral]]
|{{Flag|Chile}}
|{{Flag|Chile}}
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|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1967
| style="text-align:center;"| 1967
| [[File:MiguelAngelAsturias.JPG|75px]]
| [[File:MiguelAngelAsturias.JPG|center|75px]]
| [[Miguel Ángel Asturias]]
| [[Miguel Ángel Asturias]]
|{{Flag|Guatemala}}
|{{Flag|Guatemala}}
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|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1971
| style="text-align:center;"| 1971
| [[File:Pablo Neruda.jpg|75px]]
| [[File:Pablo Neruda.jpg|center|75px]]
| [[Pablo Neruda]]
| [[Pablo Neruda]]
|{{Flag|Chile}}
|{{Flag|Chile}}
|
|
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1982
| style="text-align:center;"| 1982
| [[File:Gabriel Garcia Marquez.jpg|75px]]
| [[File:Gabriel Garcia Marquez.jpg|center|75px]]
| [[Gabriel García Márquez]]
| [[Gabriel García Márquez]]
|{{Flag|Colombia}}
|{{Flag|Colombia}}
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|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1990
| style="text-align:center;"| 1990
| [[File:Paz0.jpg|75px]]
| [[File:Paz0.jpg|center|75px]]
| [[Octavio Paz]]
| [[Octavio Paz]]
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
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|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2010
| style="text-align:center;"| 2010
| [[File:Vargas Llosa Madrid 2012.jpg|75px]]
| [[File:Vargas Llosa Madrid 2012.jpg|center|75px]]
| [[Mario Vargas Llosa]]
| [[Mario Vargas Llosa]]
|{{Flag|Peru}}
|{{Flag|Peru}}
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! Year !! class="unportable" style="width:75px;"| Image !! Laureate !! Country !! Comment
! Year !! class="unportable" style="width:75px;"| Image !! Laureate !! Country !! Comment
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1936
| style="text-align:center;"| 1936
| [[File:Carlos Saavedra Lamas.jpg|75px]]
| [[File:Carlos Saavedra Lamas.jpg|center|75px]]
| [[Carlos Saavedra Lamas]]
| [[Carlos Saavedra Lamas]]
|{{Flag|Argentina}}
|{{Flag|Argentina}}
| First Latin American to win a Nobel Prize, first Hispanic to win a Nobel Peace Prize
| First Latin American to win a Nobel Prize, first Hispanic to win a Nobel Peace Prize
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1980
| style="text-align:center;"| 1980
| [[File:Adolfo Pérez Esquivel agosto 2011.jpg|75px]]
| [[File:Adolfo Pérez Esquivel agosto 2011.jpg|center|75px]]
| [[Adolfo Pérez Esquivel]]
| [[Adolfo Pérez Esquivel]]
|{{Flag|Argentina}}
|{{Flag|Argentina}}
|<ref name=nobel>{{cite web |url=http://nobelprize.org/peace/laureates/1980/esquivel-bio.html |title=Adofo Pérez Esquivel |publisher=Nobel Prize Committee}}</ref>
|<ref name=nobel>{{cite web |url=http://nobelprize.org/peace/laureates/1980/esquivel-bio.html |title=Adofo Pérez Esquivel |publisher=Nobel Prize Committee}}</ref>
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1982
| style="text-align:center;"| 1982
| [[File:Alfonso Garcia Robles 1981.jpg|75px]]
| [[File:Alfonso Garcia Robles 1981.jpg|center|75px]]
| [[Alfonso García Robles]]
| [[Alfonso García Robles]]
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|
|
|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1987
| style="text-align:center;"| 1987
| [[File:OscarArias.jpg|75px]]
| [[File:OscarArias.jpg|center|75px]]
| [[Óscar Arias Sánchez]]
| [[Óscar Arias Sánchez]]
|{{Flag|Costa Rica}}
|{{Flag|Costa Rica}}
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|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 1992
| style="text-align:center;"| 1992
|[[File:Rigoberta Menchu Tum.JPG|75px]]
| [[File:Premio Nobel de la Paz (1992) Doña Rigoberta Menchu (39368934675) (cropped).jpg|center|75px]]
| [[Rigoberta Menchú]]
| [[Rigoberta Menchú]]
|{{Flag|Guatemala}}
|{{Flag|Guatemala}}
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|-
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 2016
| style="text-align:center;"| 2016
| [[File:Juan Manuel Santos in 2018.jpg|75px]]
| [[File:Juan Manuel Santos in 2018.jpg|center|75px]]
| [[Juan Manuel Santos]]
| [[Juan Manuel Santos]]
|{{Flag|Colombia}}
|{{Flag|Colombia}}
⚫
|
⚫
|}

⚫
==Physiology or Medicine==
⚫
Three Latin Americans have been given the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]].
⚫
{| class="wikitable sortable"
⚫
|-
⚫
! Year !! class="unportable" style="width:75px;"| Image !! Laureate !! Country !! Comment
⚫
|-
⚫
| style="text-align:center;"| 1947
⚫
| [[File:Bernado Houssay.JPG|75px]]
⚫
| [[Bernardo Houssay|Bernardo Alberto Houssay]]
⚫
|{{Flag|Argentina}}
⚫
| First Latin American to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
⚫
|-
⚫
| style="text-align:center:"| 1980
| [[File:Baruj_Benacerraf_1969.jpg|75px]]
⚫
| [[Baruj Benacerraf]]
⚫
|{{flag|Venezuela}}<br>{{flag|United States}}
⚫
|
⚫
|-
⚫
| style="text-align:center:"| 1984
⚫
| [[File:Milstein lnp.jpg|75px]]
⚫
| [[César Milstein]]
⚫
|{{flag|Argentina}}<br/>{{flag|United Kingdom}}
|
|
|}
|}
Line 144: Line 144:
* [[List of Spanish Nobel laureates]]
* [[List of Spanish Nobel laureates]]
* [[List of Asian Nobel laureates]]
* [[List of Asian Nobel laureates]]
* [[List of Arab Nobel laureates]]
* [[List of Jewish Nobel laureates]]
* [[List of Jewish Nobel laureates]]
* [[List of Muslim Nobel laureates]]
* [[List of Muslim Nobel laureates]]
Line 153: Line 152:
{{Nobel Prizes}}
{{Nobel Prizes}}


[[Category:Lists of Nobel laureates|Latino and Hispanic]]
[[Category:Latin American people]]
[[Category:Latin American people]]
[[Category:Lists of Nobel laureates by ethnicity|Latino]]
[[Category:Lists of Nobel laureates by ethnicity|Latino]]

Latest revision as of 07:58, 28 January 2024

The Nobel Prize is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace, with an associated prize in Economics awarded since 1969.[1] As of November 2022, Nobel Prizes had been awarded to 954 individuals,[2] of whom 17 were Latin American recipients (1.7% of the 954 individual recipients).

Latin Americans have received awards in four of the six award categories: six in Literature (35.3% of the Latin recipients), six in Peace (35.3%), three in Physiology or Medicine (17.6%), and two in Chemistry (11.8%). The first Latin American recipient, Carlos Saavedra Lamas, was awarded the Peace Prize in 1936. The most recent, Juan Manuel Santos, was awarded the Peace Prize in 2016.

Among the Latin American laureates, two served as heads of state or government of their respective countries upon receiving the Nobel Prize. Those include Óscar Arias Sánchez of Costa Rica and Juan Manuel Santos of Colombia, who were presidents; both of them were awarded the Peace Prize.

Chemistry

[edit]

Two Latin Americans have been given the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Year Image Laureate Country Comment
1970
Luis F. Leloir  Argentina [3] First Hispanic to win a Nobel Prize in Chemistry
1995
Mario J. Molina  Mexico

Physiology or Medicine

[edit]

Three Latin Americans have been given the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

Year Image Laureate Country Comment
1947
Bernardo Alberto Houssay  Argentina First Latin American to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1980
Baruj Benacerraf  Venezuela
 United States
1984
César Milstein  Argentina
 United Kingdom

Literature

[edit]

Six Latin Americans have been given the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Year Image Laureate Country Comment
1945
Gabriela Mistral  Chile First Latin American to win a Nobel Prize in literature
1967
Miguel Ángel Asturias  Guatemala
1971
Pablo Neruda  Chile
1982
Gabriel García Márquez  Colombia
1990
Octavio Paz  Mexico
2010
Mario Vargas Llosa  Peru

Peace

[edit]

Six Latin Americans have been given the Nobel Peace Prize.

Year Image Laureate Country Comment
1936
Carlos Saavedra Lamas  Argentina First Latin American to win a Nobel Prize, first Hispanic to win a Nobel Peace Prize
1980
Adolfo Pérez Esquivel  Argentina [4]
1982
Alfonso García Robles  Mexico
1987
Óscar Arias Sánchez  Costa Rica
1992
Rigoberta Menchú  Guatemala
2016
Juan Manuel Santos  Colombia

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Nobel Prize" (2007), in Encyclopædia Britannica, accessed 14 November 2007, from Encyclopædia Britannica Online:

    An additional award, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel, was established in 1968 by the Bank of Sweden and was first awarded in 1969
  2. ^ "All Nobel Laureates". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2023-03-01.
  3. ^ "Biography of Luis Leloir". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved 7 June 2010.
  4. ^ "Adofo Pérez Esquivel". Nobel Prize Committee.
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