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{{For|the Ryukyuan king|Shō Shin}}
{{For|the Ryukyuan king|Shō Shin}}
{{redirect|beginner's mind|the 2021 album|A Beginner's Mind}}
{{redirect|beginner's mind|the 2021 album|A Beginner's Mind}}
{{more citations needed|date=May 2014}}
{{Zen Buddhism}}
{{Zen Buddhism}}
'''''Shoshin''''' ([[wikt:初心|初心]]) is a word from [[Zen Buddhism]] meaning "'''beginner's mind.'''" It refers to having an attitude of openness, eagerness, and lack of preconceptions when studying a subject, even when studying at an advanced level, just as a beginner would. The term is especially used in the study of [[Zen Buddhism]] and [[Japanese martial arts]].<ref>[https://books.google.fr/books?id=mqTP18US1asC&pg=PA656&lpg=PA656 Shoshin] sur ''Encyclopédie technique, historique, biographique et culturelle des arts martiaux'', 2004.</ref>
'''''Shoshin''''' ({{lang-ja|text=初心|translit=shoshin}}) is a concept from [[Zen Buddhism]] meaning '''beginner's mind'''. It refers to having an attitude of openness, eagerness, and lack of preconceptions when studying a subject, even when studying at an advanced level, just as a beginner would. The term is especially used in the study of [[Zen Buddhism]] and [[Japanese martial arts]]<ref>[https://books.google.fr/books?id=mqTP18US1asC&pg=PA656&lpg=PA656 Shoshin] sur ''Encyclopédie technique, historique, biographique et culturelle des arts martiaux'', 2004.</ref> and was popularized outside of Japan by [[Shunryū Suzuki]]'s 1970 book ''[[Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind]]''.


The practice of ''shoshin'' acts as a counter to the hubris and closed-mindedness often associated with thinking that oneself is an expert<ref name="jarrett">{{Cite news |last=Jarrett |first=Christian |date=May 18, 2020 |title=How to foster ‘shoshin’ |work=[[Aeon (magazine)|Psyche]] |url=https://psyche.co/guides/how-to-cultivate-shoshin-or-a-beginners-mind |access-date=September 11, 2022}}</ref> which includes the [[Einstellung effect]], where a person becomes so accustomed to a certain way of doing things that they don't consider or acknowledge new ideas or approaches.<ref name="skillicorn">{{Cite news |last=Skillicorn |first=Nick |date=December 14, 2021 |title=Shoshin: The Beginner’s Mind |work=IdeaToValue.com |url=https://www.ideatovalue.com/insp/nickskillicorn/2021/12/shoshin-the-beginners-mind/ |access-date=September 11, 2022}}</ref>
The phrase is also discussed in the book ''[[Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind]]'' by [[Shunryu Suzuki]], a Zen teacher. Suzuki outlines the framework behind shoshin, noting "in the beginner's mind there are many possibilities, in the expert's mind there are few."<ref>{{cite book|title=Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind|first=Shunryu|last=Suzuki|year=1970|isbn=9780834800793|page=[https://archive.org/details/zenmindbeginners00suzu/page/21 21]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/zenmindbeginners00suzu/page/21}}</ref>

The phrase "beginner's mind" is a translation of the word ''shoshin'', which is a combination of ''sho'' ({{lang-ja|text=初|translit=sho}}), meaning "beginner" or "initial", and ''shin'' ({{lang-ja|text=心|translit=shin}}), meaning "mind".<ref name="ray">{{Cite news |last=Ray |first=Debika |date=March 7, 2017 |title=Word: Shoshin |work=[[Kinfolk (magazine)|Kinfolk]] |url=https://www.kinfolk.com/word-shoshin/ |access-date=August 28, 2022}}</ref>

==History==
The concept was taught in the thirteenth century by [[Dōgen|Dōgen Zenji]], the founder of the [[Sōtō|Sōtō Zen]] school of Buddhism,<ref name="ray" /><ref name="suzuki" />{{rp|14}} and is discussed in his collected works, the ''[[Shōbōgenzō]]''.<ref name="nishijima2">{{Cite book |author=Dōgen |translator-last1=Nishijima |translator-first1=Gudo |translator-last2=Cross |translator-first2=Chodo |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/63205823 |title=Master Dogen's Shobogenzo Book 2 |date=1996 |publisher=Windbell Publications |isbn=1-4196-3820-3 |pages=103 |oclc=141383090}}</ref><ref name="nishijima4">{{Cite book |author=Dōgen |translator-last1=Nishijima |translator-first1=Gudo |translator-last2=Cross |translator-first2=Chodo |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/141383090 |title=Master Dogen's Shobogenzo Book 4 |date=1999 |publisher=Windbell Publications |isbn=1-4196-3821-1 |pages=31 |oclc=141383090}}</ref>

''Shoshin wasuru bekarazu'' (or sometimes variously ''Shoshin wo wasuru bekarazu''<ref name="zeami">{{Cite book |last=Zeami |translator-last=Hare |translator-first=Tom |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Zeami/EQVyBD7__74C?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Shoshin+wasuru+bekarazu+zeami&pg=PA467&printsec=frontcover |title=Zeami, performance notes |date=2008 |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |isbn=978-0-231-13958-8 |location=New York |pages=467 |oclc=171613927}}</ref>) is a Japanese proverb about ''shoshin'' coined by and the founder of [[Noh]], Japanese playwright [[Zeami Motokiyo|Zeami]] in 1424<ref name="idaho">{{Cite web |title=A Mirror Held to the Flower (1424) |url=https://www.webpages.uidaho.edu/play_analysis/zeami_motokiyo.htm |access-date=September 10, 2022 |website=[[University of Idaho]]}}</ref><ref name="zeami" /> which is typically translated into English as some variation of "never forget the beginner's mind"<ref name="cleary" /><ref name="shimabukuro">{{Cite book |last=Shimabukuro |first=Masayuki |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Karate_as_the_Art_of_Killing/nSk_EAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1 |title=Karate As the Art of Killing A Study of Its Deadly Origins, Ideology of Peace, and the Techniques of Shito-Ry U. |date=2022 |publisher=North Atlantic Books |isbn=978-1-62317-662-4 |location=New York |pages=76 |oclc=1317333110}}</ref> or "never forget your original intent"<ref name="zeami" /> and persists as a common proverb amongst practictioners of ''[[Budō]]''<ref name="shimabukuro" /> and in Japanese business and entrepreneurship.<ref name="shimazaki">{{Cite book |last=Shimazaki |first=H. T. |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Vision_in_Japanese_Entrepreneurship/Mfl0DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1
|title=Vision in Japanese Entrepreneurship : the Evolution of a Security Enterprise. |date=2018 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |isbn=978-0-429-78768-3 |location=Milton |oclc=1064824441}}</ref>

The concept of ''shoshin'' is seen in works such as the eighteenth century book ''Budôshoshinshû'' by [[Daidōji Yūzan]], which is a collection of works about ''[[Bushidō]]'' and the warrior class in [[Tokugawa period]] Japan.<ref name="columbia">{{Cite web |title=Budôshoshinshû by Daidôji Yûzan |url=http://www.columbia.edu/~hds2/chushinguranew/Bushido/budo-shoshinshu.htm |access-date=September 10, 2022 |website=[[Columbia University]]}}</ref> The word ''shoshin'' within the title refers to the concept of the beginner's mind.<ref name="cleary">{{Cite book |last=Cleary |first=Thomas |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Code_of_the_Samurai/UPfPAgAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 |title=Code of the Samurai : a Modern Translation of the Bushido Shoshinshu of Taira Shigesuke. |date=2011 |publisher=[[Tuttle Publishing]] |isbn=978-1-4629-0042-8 |location=New York |oclc=741492431}}</ref>

''Shoshin'' was popularized outside of Japan by the book ''[[Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind]]'' by [[Shunryū Suzuki]], a Zen teacher.<ref name="ray" /> Suzuki outlines the framework behind ''shoshin'', noting that "in the beginner's mind there are many possibilities, but in the expert's mind there are few"<ref name="suzuki">{{Cite book |last=Suzuki |first=Shunryū |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/136259 |title=Zen mind, beginner's mind |publisher=[[Weatherhill]] |year=1970 |isbn=0-8348-0079-9 |edition=First |location=New York |oclc=136259}}</ref>{{rp|21}} which has become a popular quote when discussing ''shoshin''.<ref name="ray" /><ref name="jalona" /><ref name="mcneilly" />

==Calligraphy==
The concept of ''shoshin'' is used in the art of [[Japanese calligraphy]] within in the context of Zen, where each stroke is made as though the calligrapher were a beginner to the art.<ref name="suzuki" />{{rp|14}}

In Japanese calligraphy ''shoshin'' is not an asthetic choice, but rather a state of mind of the practicitioner, one that addresses and counters the paradox within calligraphy where the more one practices, the more the quality of the calligraphy may suffer.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Davey |first=H. E. |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Japanese_Way_of_the_Artist/IVbL90kN2DsC?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=shoshin |title=The Japanese way of the artist |date=2007 |publisher=[[Stone Bridge Press]] |isbn=978-1-61172-538-4 |location=Berkeley, CA |oclc=795120022}}</ref>

==Martial arts==
''Shoshin'' is described as the first of the states of mind or stages of ''[[Budō]]''.<ref name="chiba">{{Cite journal |last=Chiba |first=T.K. |date=1989 |title=Structure of Shu, Ha, Ri, and Penetration of Shoshin |url=http://www.aikidoonline.com/Archives/2001/mar/feat_0301_tkc.html |journal=Sansho |volume=6 |issue=2 |access-date=September 11, 2022 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030219063843/http://www.aikidoonline.com/Archives/2001/mar/feat_0301_tkc.html |archive-date=February 19, 2003}}</ref> ''Shoshin'' (beginner's mind) is followed by ''[[Mushin (mental state)|Mushin]]'' (empty mind), ''[[Fudōshin]]'' (immovable mind), and ''[[Zanshin]]'' (remaining mind).<ref name="sorkun">{{Cite web |last=Sorkun |first=Murat Cihan |date=June 23, 2019 |title=States Of Mind In Budo: Shoshin, Mushin, Fudoshin, And Zanshin |url=https://www.eindhovenaikido.com/states-of-mind-in-budo-shosin-mushin-fudoshin-and-zanshin/ |access-date=September 11, 2022 |website=Eindhoven Aikido College}}</ref> A fifth state is sometimes also added as ''Senshin'' (enlightened mind).<ref name="sanders">{{Cite web |last=Sanders |first=Bodhi |date=December 30, 2015 |title=Bushido – The Five Spirits of Budo |url=https://thewisdomwarrior.com/2015/12/30/bushido-the-five-spirits-of-budo/ |access-date=September 11, 2022 |website=TheWisdomWarrior.com}}</ref> In ''Budō'' the practitioner is advised to retain ''shoshin'' throughout their training and practice of the martial arts; it is not reserved only for those beginning to practice but is maintained even when reaching the higher levels of mastery.<ref name="chiba" />

''Shoshin-sha'' is term used in martial arts to indicate a novice.<ref name="cleary" />

==Other uses==
''Shoshin'' is an influence on the [[Metabolism (architecture)|Japanese Metabolism]] style of architecture, which incorporates concepts from Zen Buddhism and other Asian philosophical traditions into the architectural process and allows those concepts to help shape the design process.<ref name="steele">{{Cite book |last=Steele |first=James |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Contemporary_Japanese_Architecture/6C0lDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0 |title=Contemporary Japanese architecture : tracing the next generation |date=2017 |publisher=[[Taylor & Francis]] |isbn=978-1-138-94124-3 |location=London |pages=98 |oclc=956633931}}</ref>

Many businesses and people who work in the field of business have adopted or advocate for practicing the concept of ''shoshin'' in the business environment,<ref name="wesolowski">{{Cite news |last=Wesolowski |first=Sébastien |date=November 30, 2021 |title=Shoshin and the power of being an eternal beginner in the workplace |work=Welcome to the Jungle |url=https://www.welcometothejungle.com/en/articles/shoshin-power-eternal-beginner |access-date=September 11, 2022}}</ref><ref name="jalona">{{Cite news |last=Jalona |first=Sanjay |title=How The Shoshin Approach To Business Can Spur Innovative Solutions |work=[[Chief Executive (magazine)|Chief Executive]] |url=https://chiefexecutive.net/shoshin-approach-business-can-spur-innovative-solutions/ |access-date=September 11, 2022}}</ref><ref name="mcneilly">{{Cite news |last=McNeilly |first=Mark |date=May 1, 2013 |title=How Your Own Expertise Is Holding You Back |work=[[Fast Company]] |url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3009020/how-your-own-expertise-is-holding-you-back |access-date=September 11, 2022}}</ref> including top executives such as [[Apple Inc.]]'s founder and CEO [[Steve Jobs]], and [[Salesforce]] CEO [[Marc Benioff]].<ref name="linecker">{{Cite news |last=Linecker |first=Adelia Cellini |date=April 24, 2020 |title=Practice Beginner's Mind To Unlock Breakthrough Ideas |work=[[Investor's Business Daily]] |url=https://www.investors.com/news/management/leaders-and-success/beginners-mind-unlock-innovative-solutions/ |access-date=September 11, 2022}}</ref>

It is also been used or proposed as a way of general living<ref name="balasubramanian">{{Cite news |last=Balasubramanian |first=Saumya |date=February 2, 2019 |title=The art and charm of shoshin |work=[[The Hindu]] |url=https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/open-page/the-art-and-charm-of-shoshin/article26162281.ece |access-date=September 11, 2022}}</ref> or a way to approach specific fields of life including [[social work]],<ref name="soule">{{Cite journal |last=Soule |first=Jennifer |date=2014 |title=Beginner's Mind |url=https://reflectionsnarrativesofprofessionalhelping.org/index.php/Reflections/article/view/993 |journal=Reflections: Narratives of Professional Helping |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=50–55}}</ref> medical care,<ref name="younie">{{Cite journal |last=Younie |first=Louise |date=2017-11-02 |title=Beginner’s mind |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17571472.2017.1370768 |journal=London Journal of Primary Care |language=en |volume=9 |issue=6 |pages=83–85 |doi=10.1080/17571472.2017.1370768 |issn=1757-1472 |pmc=PMC5694793 |pmid=29181090}}</ref> teaching,<ref name="kochhar-lindgren">{{Cite journal |last=Kochhar-Lindgren |first=Gary |date=2001 |title=Beginner's Mind: Opening the Open in the Classroom |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/26348 |journal=Pedagogy |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=410–415}}</ref> computer programming,<ref name="belshee">{{Cite journal |last=Belshee |first=A. |date=2005 |title=Promiscuous pairing and beginner's mind: embrace inexperience [agile programming] |url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1609811/ |journal=Agile Development Conference (ADC'05) |location=Denver, CO, USA |publisher=IEEE Comput. Soc |pages=125–131 |doi=10.1109/ADC.2005.37 |isbn=978-0-7695-2487-0}}</ref> gardening,<ref name="gander">{{Cite news |last=Gander |first=Kashmira |date=April 8, 2019 |title=What Is the Shoshin Approach? Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's Zen Gardening Post Prompts Mostly Positive Response—For a Change |work=[[Newsweek]] |url=https://www.newsweek.com/shoshin-approach-alexandria-ocasio-cortez-zen-gardening-post-1388516 |access-date=September 11, 2022}}</ref> sports,<ref name="whiting">{{Cite news |last=Whiting |first=Kate |date=October 30, 2019 |title=This Japanese concept will help you see the world – and learn – in a different way |work=[[World Economic Forum]] |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/10/japan-beginner-learning-shoshin/ |access-date=September 11, 2022}}</ref> and dealing with chronic diseases such as [[phenylketonuria]].<ref name="murphy">{{Cite web |last=Murphy |first=Brian |date=February 25, 2021 |title=Shoshin and Phenylketonuria |url=https://phenylketonurianews.com/2021/02/25/shoshin-phenylketonuria/ |access-date=September 11, 2022 |website=Phenylketonuria News}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
*''[[Fudoshin]]''
*''[[Kenshō]]''
*''[[Kensho]]''
*''[[Mushin (mental state)|Mushin]]''
*''[[Samyama]]''
*''[[Samyama]]''
*''[[Satori]]''
*''[[Satori]]''
*''[[Zanshin]]''
*[[Curse of knowledge]]
*[[Curse of knowledge]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

{{Buddhism topics}}
{{Buddhism topics}}

[[Category:Japanese martial arts terminology]]
[[Category:Japanese martial arts terminology]]
[[Category:Zen Buddhist philosophical concepts]]
[[Category:Zen Buddhist philosophical concepts]]

Revision as of 18:11, 11 September 2022

For the Ryukyuan king, see Shō Shin.
"beginner's mind" redirects here. For the 2021 album, see A Beginner's Mind.
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Shoshin (Template:Lang-ja) is a concept from Zen Buddhism meaning beginner's mind. It refers to having an attitude of openness, eagerness, and lack of preconceptions when studying a subject, even when studying at an advanced level, just as a beginner would. The term is especially used in the study of Zen Buddhism and Japanese martial arts[1] and was popularized outside of Japan by Shunryū Suzuki's 1970 book Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind.

The practice of shoshin acts as a counter to the hubris and closed-mindedness often associated with thinking that oneself is an expert[2] which includes the Einstellung effect, where a person becomes so accustomed to a certain way of doing things that they don't consider or acknowledge new ideas or approaches.[3]

The phrase "beginner's mind" is a translation of the word shoshin, which is a combination of sho (Template:Lang-ja), meaning "beginner" or "initial", and shin (Template:Lang-ja), meaning "mind".[4]

History

The concept was taught in the thirteenth century by Dōgen Zenji, the founder of the Sōtō Zen school of Buddhism,[4][5]: 14  and is discussed in his collected works, the Shōbōgenzō.[6][7]

Shoshin wasuru bekarazu (or sometimes variously Shoshin wo wasuru bekarazu[8]) is a Japanese proverb about shoshin coined by and the founder of Noh, Japanese playwright Zeami in 1424[9][8] which is typically translated into English as some variation of "never forget the beginner's mind"[10][11] or "never forget your original intent"[8] and persists as a common proverb amongst practictioners of Budō[11] and in Japanese business and entrepreneurship.[12]

The concept of shoshin is seen in works such as the eighteenth century book Budôshoshinshû by Daidōji Yūzan, which is a collection of works about Bushidō and the warrior class in Tokugawa period Japan.[13] The word shoshin within the title refers to the concept of the beginner's mind.[10]

Shoshin was popularized outside of Japan by the book Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind by Shunryū Suzuki, a Zen teacher.[4] Suzuki outlines the framework behind shoshin, noting that "in the beginner's mind there are many possibilities, but in the expert's mind there are few"[5]: 21  which has become a popular quote when discussing shoshin.[4][14][15]

Calligraphy

The concept of shoshin is used in the art of Japanese calligraphy within in the context of Zen, where each stroke is made as though the calligrapher were a beginner to the art.[5]: 14 

In Japanese calligraphy shoshin is not an asthetic choice, but rather a state of mind of the practicitioner, one that addresses and counters the paradox within calligraphy where the more one practices, the more the quality of the calligraphy may suffer.[16]

Martial arts

Shoshin is described as the first of the states of mind or stages of Budō.[17] Shoshin (beginner's mind) is followed by Mushin (empty mind), Fudōshin (immovable mind), and Zanshin (remaining mind).[18] A fifth state is sometimes also added as Senshin (enlightened mind).[19] In Budō the practitioner is advised to retain shoshin throughout their training and practice of the martial arts; it is not reserved only for those beginning to practice but is maintained even when reaching the higher levels of mastery.[17]

Shoshin-sha is term used in martial arts to indicate a novice.[10]

Other uses

Shoshin is an influence on the Japanese Metabolism style of architecture, which incorporates concepts from Zen Buddhism and other Asian philosophical traditions into the architectural process and allows those concepts to help shape the design process.[20]

Many businesses and people who work in the field of business have adopted or advocate for practicing the concept of shoshin in the business environment,[21][14][15] including top executives such as Apple Inc.'s founder and CEO Steve Jobs, and Salesforce CEO Marc Benioff.[22]

It is also been used or proposed as a way of general living[23] or a way to approach specific fields of life including social work,[24] medical care,[25] teaching,[26] computer programming,[27] gardening,[28] sports,[29] and dealing with chronic diseases such as phenylketonuria.[30]

See also

References

  1. ^ Shoshin sur Encyclopédie technique, historique, biographique et culturelle des arts martiaux, 2004.
  2. ^ Jarrett, Christian (May 18, 2020). "How to foster 'shoshin'". Psyche. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  3. ^ Skillicorn, Nick (December 14, 2021). "Shoshin: The Beginner's Mind". IdeaToValue.com. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  4. ^ a b c d Ray, Debika (March 7, 2017). "Word: Shoshin". Kinfolk. Retrieved August 28, 2022.
  5. ^ a b c Suzuki, Shunryū (1970). Zen mind, beginner's mind (First ed.). New York: Weatherhill. ISBN 0-8348-0079-9. OCLC 136259.
  6. ^ Dōgen (1996). Master Dogen's Shobogenzo Book 2. Translated by Nishijima, Gudo; Cross, Chodo. Windbell Publications. p. 103. ISBN 1-4196-3820-3. OCLC 141383090.
  7. ^ Dōgen (1999). Master Dogen's Shobogenzo Book 4. Translated by Nishijima, Gudo; Cross, Chodo. Windbell Publications. p. 31. ISBN 1-4196-3821-1. OCLC 141383090.
  8. ^ a b c Zeami (2008). Zeami, performance notes. Translated by Hare, Tom. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 467. ISBN 978-0-231-13958-8. OCLC 171613927.
  9. ^ "A Mirror Held to the Flower (1424)". University of Idaho. Retrieved September 10, 2022.
  10. ^ a b c Cleary, Thomas (2011). Code of the Samurai : a Modern Translation of the Bushido Shoshinshu of Taira Shigesuke. New York: Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4629-0042-8. OCLC 741492431.
  11. ^ a b Shimabukuro, Masayuki (2022). Karate As the Art of Killing A Study of Its Deadly Origins, Ideology of Peace, and the Techniques of Shito-Ry U. New York: North Atlantic Books. p. 76. ISBN 978-1-62317-662-4. OCLC 1317333110.
  12. ^ Shimazaki, H. T. (2018). Vision in Japanese Entrepreneurship : the Evolution of a Security Enterprise. Milton: Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-429-78768-3. OCLC 1064824441.
  13. ^ "Budôshoshinshû by Daidôji Yûzan". Columbia University. Retrieved September 10, 2022.
  14. ^ a b Jalona, Sanjay. "How The Shoshin Approach To Business Can Spur Innovative Solutions". Chief Executive. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  15. ^ a b McNeilly, Mark (May 1, 2013). "How Your Own Expertise Is Holding You Back". Fast Company. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  16. ^ Davey, H. E. (2007). The Japanese way of the artist. Berkeley, CA: Stone Bridge Press. ISBN 978-1-61172-538-4. OCLC 795120022.
  17. ^ a b Chiba, T.K. (1989). "Structure of Shu, Ha, Ri, and Penetration of Shoshin". Sansho. 6 (2). Archived from the original on February 19, 2003. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  18. ^ Sorkun, Murat Cihan (June 23, 2019). "States Of Mind In Budo: Shoshin, Mushin, Fudoshin, And Zanshin". Eindhoven Aikido College. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  19. ^ Sanders, Bodhi (December 30, 2015). "Bushido – The Five Spirits of Budo". TheWisdomWarrior.com. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  20. ^ Steele, James (2017). Contemporary Japanese architecture : tracing the next generation. London: Taylor & Francis. p. 98. ISBN 978-1-138-94124-3. OCLC 956633931.
  21. ^ Wesolowski, Sébastien (November 30, 2021). "Shoshin and the power of being an eternal beginner in the workplace". Welcome to the Jungle. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  22. ^ Linecker, Adelia Cellini (April 24, 2020). "Practice Beginner's Mind To Unlock Breakthrough Ideas". Investor's Business Daily. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  23. ^ Balasubramanian, Saumya (February 2, 2019). "The art and charm of shoshin". The Hindu. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  24. ^ Soule, Jennifer (2014). "Beginner's Mind". Reflections: Narratives of Professional Helping. 13 (2): 50–55.
  25. ^ Younie, Louise (2017-11-02). "Beginner's mind". London Journal of Primary Care. 9 (6): 83–85. doi:10.1080/17571472.2017.1370768. ISSN 1757-1472. PMC 5694793. PMID 29181090.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
  26. ^ Kochhar-Lindgren, Gary (2001). "Beginner's Mind: Opening the Open in the Classroom". Pedagogy. 1 (2): 410–415.
  27. ^ Belshee, A. (2005). "Promiscuous pairing and beginner's mind: embrace inexperience [agile programming]". Agile Development Conference (ADC'05). Denver, CO, USA: IEEE Comput. Soc: 125–131. doi:10.1109/ADC.2005.37. ISBN 978-0-7695-2487-0.
  28. ^ Gander, Kashmira (April 8, 2019). "What Is the Shoshin Approach? Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez's Zen Gardening Post Prompts Mostly Positive Response—For a Change". Newsweek. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  29. ^ Whiting, Kate (October 30, 2019). "This Japanese concept will help you see the world – and learn – in a different way". World Economic Forum. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
  30. ^ Murphy, Brian (February 25, 2021). "Shoshin and Phenylketonuria". Phenylketonuria News. Retrieved September 11, 2022.
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