Jump to content

Subway (restaurant): Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m Reverted edit by 174.102.77.70 (talk) to last version by Klohinx
Tags: Reverted Mobile edit Mobile web edit
Line 269: Line 269:
[[Category:Restaurant chains in the United States]]
[[Category:Restaurant chains in the United States]]
[[Category:Restaurant franchises]]
[[Category:Restaurant franchises]]
[[Category:American companies established in 1965]]
[[Category:Restaurants established in 1965]]
[[Category:Restaurants established in 1965]]
[[Category:Restaurants in Connecticut]]
[[Category:Restaurants in Connecticut]]

Revision as of 13:44, 8 July 2024

Subway IP LLC
Subway
Formerly
  • Pete's Super Submarines (1965–1968)
  • Pete's Subs (1968–1970)
  • Pete's Subway (1970–1972)
Company typePrivate
IndustryRestaurants
GenreFast-food restaurant
FoundedAugust 28, 1965; 59 years ago (1965-08-28) in Bridgeport, Connecticut, U.S.
Founders
Headquarters
Shelton, Connecticut and Miami, Florida
,
U.S.[2]
Number of locations
37,000 approx (September 2023)[3]
Area served
Worldwide (100+ countries)
Key people
John Chidsey (president & CEO)[4]
Products
RevenueDecrease US$16.1 billion (2019)[5]
US$10.2 billion (U.S.)[6]
OwnerRoark Capital Group
Number of employees
410,000, including franchises (2022)[7]
Websitesubway.com

Subway IP LLC,[8] doing business as Subway, is an American multinational fast food restaurant franchise that specializes in submarine sandwiches (subs) and wraps. It was founded by Fred DeLuca and financed by Peter Buck in 1965 as Pete's Super Submarines[9] in Bridgeport, Connecticut. After several name changes, it was renamed Subway in 1972, and a franchise operation began in 1974 with a second restaurant in Wallingford, Connecticut.[10] It has expanded to become a global franchise.

Subway offers an array of topping choices. The longtime Subway slogan, "Eat Fresh", is intended to indicate the fresh ingredients. It was the fastest-growing franchise in the world in 2015[11] and, as of September 2023, had over 37,000 locations in more than 100 countries and territories. More than half its locations (21,796 or 58.1%) are in the United States.[3][12][13] It also is the largest single-brand restaurant chain, and the largest restaurant operator in the world.[14][15][16][17] Its international headquarters is in Shelton, Connecticut, with a second headquarters in Miami, Florida.

History

1973–2002 logo (still used at some locations in northern Canada)
2002–2015 logo (still used as signage in most locations)
2015–2016 logo (mostly only used in advertisements)

Foundation and early years

In 1965, Fred DeLuca borrowed $1,000 from his friend Peter Buck to start "Pete's Drive-In: Super Submarines" at 3851 Main Street[18] in Bridgeport, Connecticut, and in the following year, they formed Doctor's Associates Inc. to oversee operations of the restaurants as the franchise expanded.[19][20] The holding company derives its name from DeLuca's goal to earn enough from the business to pay tuition for medical school, as well as Buck's having a doctorate in physics.[21] In 1968, the sandwich shop was renamed Subway.[19] In 1974, a franchise operation began with a restaurant in Wallingford, Connecticut.[10]

The first Subway on the West Coast was opened in Fresno, California, in 1978.[19] The first Subway outside of North America opened in Bahrain in December 1984.[22] The first Subway in Canada opened in St. John's in 1986.[23] The first Subway in the United Kingdom opened in Brighton in 1996.[24]

In 1989, Subway acquired Cajun Joe's, a Boston, Massachusetts-based chain which sold fried chicken and Cajun cuisine.[25][26] The venture proved unsuccessful, and most were closed by the end of the 1990s.[27]

Development since the 2000s

In 2004, Subway began opening stores in Walmart supercenters, and surpassed the number of McDonald's locations inside U.S. Walmart stores in 2007.[28] Since 2007, Subway has consistently ranked in the Entrepreneur Franchise 500. In 2015, it ranked No. 3 on the "Top Global Franchises" list, and #1 as the "Fastest Growing Franchise".[29][30] At the end of 2010, Subway became the largest fast food chain worldwide, with 33,749 restaurants – 1,012 more than McDonald's.[31]

In January 2015, Suzanne Greco became president and CEO. Her brother Fred DeLuca, the company's first CEO, had been ill for two years and died of leukemia in September 2015.[32] In 2016, Subway closed hundreds of restaurants in the U.S., experiencing a net loss in locations for the first time. However, with 26,744 locations, it remained the most ubiquitous restaurant chain in the U.S. (with McDonald's in the #2 spot).[33]

In July 2017, Subway unveiled redesigned restaurants, dubbed 'Fresh Forward',[34] with new company branding.[35] The company installed self-order kiosks, USB charging ports at tables, and added new menu items.

In 2017, Subway closed more than 800 U.S. locations. In April 2018, it announced it would close about 500 more that year. According to Abha Bhattarai of The Washington Post, this was a result of three consecutive years of falling profits and a 25 percent reduction in foot traffic in Subway stores since 2012. Franchisees also complained that the company's deep promotions further ate away at profits. Industry analysts such as Bob Phibbs, chief executive of the New York-based consulting firm Retail Doctor, said changing tastes on the part of consumers, who more frequently prefer locally sourced produce and hormone-free meat served by regional start-ups such as Sweetgreen, especially in metropolitan areas, were the cause of the drop in Subway's sales, as well as the loss of market share to competitors. These include fast-casual eateries and sandwich shops such as Panera Bread, Au Bon Pain and Firehouse Subs, as well as food trucks and grocery stores that offer freshly made meals at competitive prices. In January 2018, Subway invested $25 million in a re-branding campaign targeting young consumers to revitalize its image and boost sales.[20] In 2019, John Chidsey joined Subway as the company’s first CEO who’s not a founding family member. He focused on improving established U.S. locations rather than building new restaurants.[36] In December 2020, Subway partnered with ezCater to offer a new online catering platform.[37]

In 2023, the family announced that they were in the process of selling the company to private ownership. The company enlisted the help of JP Morgan with the sale. The price of the company was reported to be around $10 billion.[38][39] Several potential buyers made offers for the company.[40] These included the asset management division of investment bank Goldman Sachs, TDR Capital, and TPG Inc.[40] On August 24, Subway announced that Roark Capital would purchase the company for $9.6 billion.[41] The deal's reported value would make it the third-biggest US acquisition in restaurant history, behind Burger King's 2014 acquisition of Tim Hortons for $11.4 billion and Inspire Brands' purchase of Dunkin' Brands in 2020 for $11.3 billion.[42]

In November 2023, the Federal Trade Commission announced it was looking into investigating the deal as it would possibly give Roark a monopoly in the sandwich shop industry via the firm's existing ownership of Subway's competitors McAllister's Deli & Jimmy John's.[43] On April 30, 2024, Roark officially acquired Subway after the FTC determined that Roark wouldn't gain an unfair advantage.[44]

On March 19, 2024, Subway signed a 10-year deal with PepsiCo that begins on January 1, 2025, ending the restaurant chain's partnership with The Coca-Cola Company that was first signed in 2003 and went into effect in 2005.[45][46] Subway's international locations had already gone back to serving Pepsi products in 2018.[46] Pepsi previously had a deal with them back in 1988 that lasted until the Coca-Cola switchover.[47]

Corporate affairs

Interior of a Subway franchise in Huntington, Virginia designed in the new style
Subway in Sydney, Australia
Subway in Deventer, Netherlands

Ownership

As of 2024, Subway was owned by the private equity group Roark Capital.[48] Prior to that, Subway had been owned by its founding families for six decades. In 2019, John Chidsey joined Subway as the first chief executive officer outside of the DeLuca family.[49]

Structure

As of 2017, the Subway Group of companies was organized as follows:

  • Subway IP Inc. is the owner of the intellectual property for the restaurant system.
  • Franchise World Headquarters, LLC leads franchising operations. FWH Technologies, LLC owns and licenses Subway's point of sale software.
  • Franchisors include Doctor's Associates Inc. in the U.S.; Subway International B.V.; Subway Franchise Systems of Canada, Ltd.; etc.
  • Advertising affiliates include Subway Franchisee Advertising Fund Trust, Ltd.; Subway Franchisee Advertising Fund Trust, B.V.; Subway Franchisee Canadian Advertising Trust; etc.[50][51]
  • IPC Europe (Independent Purchasing Company Europe Limited), manager of the Subway franchisees and the Subcard loyalty scheme in European countries.[52][53]

Headquarters

Subway's international headquarters are in Shelton, Connecticut, the US, with five regional centers supporting the company's international operations. The regional offices for European franchises are located in Amsterdam (Netherlands); the Australian and New Zealand locations are supported from Brisbane (Australia); the Asian locations are supported from offices in Beirut (Lebanon) and Singapore; and the Latin American support center is in Miami (US).[54]

Franchising

The startup cost of owning a Subway franchise is significantly lower than competitors, beginning at around $200,000 to $500,000. However, Subway franchisees also pay some of the highest percentages of profits (around 12.5%) back to Subway compared to competitors.[55]

Locations

Distribution of Subway restaurants around the world
  1000 or more
  100 to 999
  10 to 99
  1 to 9
  0

As of February 2023, Subway had approximately 37,000 locations in more than 100 countries, all independently owned and operated by a network of franchisees.[56] Subway has the highest concentration of locations in North America with more than 20,000 in the United States, 2,881 in Canada, and 758 in Mexico, as of 2019.[57][56] This was almost as many U.S. locations as McDonald's and Starbucks combined, as of 2018.[20] Outside North America, the countries with the most locations are Australia (1,215), Brazil (1,643), and the United Kingdom (2,195), as of 2019.[57]

Products

A Subway Club 6" sandwich

Overview

Subway's core product is the submarine sandwich (or "sub"). It also sells wraps, salad, paninis, and baked goods (including cookies, doughnuts, and muffins). Subway also sells breakfast sandwiches, English muffins, and flatbread. In 2006, "personal pizzas" debuted in some US markets. These are made to order (like the subs) and heated for 85 seconds. Breakfast and pizza items are only available in select locations. In November 2009, Subway signed a deal to serve exclusively Seattle's Best Coffee coffee as part of its breakfast menu in the US.[58]

Subway's best-selling sandwich,[59] the B.M.T. (short for "Biggest, Meatiest, Tastiest"), contains pepperoni, salami and ham. It was introduced as a reference to Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit, connecting to the "subway" name.[60]

In April 2017, Subway announced the addition of paninis to its menu. Chipotle Steak & Cheese, Triple Cheese, Chicken Cordon Bleu, and Italian B.M.T. Melt were the four variations announced.[61] In September 2018, Subway debuted the Chipotle Cheesesteak sandwich for a limited time. Regional testing of a crispy chicken sandwich also began taking place in Arkansas.[62] In January 2024, Subway debuted Sidekicks, a new range of footlong baked goods in partnership with Cinnabon and Auntie Anne's.[63]

Regional variations

Subway's menu varies between countries, most significantly where religious requirements relate to the meats served.

In 2006, the first kosher Subway restaurant in the United States opened in a suburb of Cleveland, Ohio in the Mandel Jewish Community Center of Cleveland. Former Subway spokesman Jared Fogle attended the opening. A press release stated, "With slight modifications, such as no pork-based products, and the use of soy-based cheese product, the menu is virtually identical to that of any other Subway restaurant."[64] Other openings soon followed, briefly making Subway one of the largest U.S. kosher restaurant chains.[65] At their peak, twelve kosher Subway locations were open in the U.S., including Kansas City and 5 in New York. As of 2023, only one kosher Subway remains, in Miami, FL. Franchisees who failed noted a lack of support from the parent location in advertising, higher costs of kosher food and supervision, the inability to remain open on Saturdays, and that customers who do not keep kosher prefer the original menu and prices.[66]

Subway opened its first restaurant in India in 2001 in New Delhi. In deference to Hindu beliefs, Subway restaurants in India do not serve beef products; on the other hand, the country's large number of vegetarians induced Subway's Indian outlets to offer a much-extended range of vegetarian options. As of January 2017, there were 591 Subway restaurants in 68 Indian cities.[3] On September 4, 2012, Subway opened its first all-vegetarian outlet on the campus of Lovely Professional University (LPU) in Jalandhar, Punjab.[67] On March 6, 2013, Subway opened its second all-vegetarian outlet also offering Jain food in Paldi, Ahmedabad.[68]

Nutritional content

In 2011, Subway introduced gluten-free bread and brownies to some locations in Texas.[69] It also cut the salt content of its sandwiches by 15 percent in 2011.[70] In the United Kingdom and Ireland, Subway has reduced salt content across its entire range by 33% and has committed to further reductions, in line with government targets.[71] Subway's range of "Low Fat" subs is endorsed by the charity Heart Research UK.[72]

Marketing

Subway is the second-biggest fast food advertiser in the United States, behind only McDonald's. It spent US$516,000,000 on measurable advertising in 2011.[73]

Subway used the advertising slogan "Eat Fresh" and focused on how its sandwiches were made from freshly baked bread and fresh ingredients, in front of customers to their exact specifications, by employees which Subway called "Subway Sandwich Artists".[74]

In 2005, Subway scrapped its "Sub Club" stamp promotion, citing a growing number of counterfeit stamps due to online auction sites and the increasing availability of high-quality printers.[75][76]

In November 2007, Subway's US commercials featured the cartoon character Peter Griffin (from FOX's Family Guy) promoting its new Subway Feast sandwich.[77]

Subway ran a product placement campaign in the US TV series Chuck since its first season. As ratings dwindled in the second season, a campaign to "save Chuck" was launched for fans, encouraging them to purchase a footlong sub from Subway on April 27, 2009, the date of the season finale. Tony Pace, Subway's marketing officer, called it the best product placement the restaurant chain has done "in several years."[78]

To celebrate National Sandwich Day on November 3, 2015, Subway offered a Buy One sandwich, Give One sandwich free promotion.[79]

Most Subway locations feature a promotion named "Sub of the Day" where a different submarine sandwich is featured each day of the week at a discounted price. In the past they had a monthly promotion that featured a specialty sub sandwich at a discounted price for the entire month.[80]

Jared Fogle

Jared Fogle in 2007

Beginning in January 2000, Jared Fogle was a national spokesman for the company in the US, giving talks on healthy living and appearing in advertisements. Fogle first came to attention in his native Indiana by claiming that he lost over 200 pounds (91 kg) in part by eating at Subway. After 2008, he was featured less often as the company marketed with more emphasis on its "5 dollar footlong" campaign.[81] Subway attributed between one-third and one-half of its growth from 1998 to 2011 to Fogle, the equivalent of a tripling in size.[82] Subway ended its relationship with Fogle in 2015 after he was charged with possession of child pornography and illicit sexual conduct with a minor. After pleading guilty in August 2015, he was sentenced to more than 15 years in federal prison three months later.[83][84][85]

In December 2015, following the removal of Fogle from its marketing, Subway introduced a new marketing campaign, "Founded on Fresh". The campaign focuses on Subway's establishment and early history and features Fred DeLuca, as played by his son, Jonathan. The new campaign downplays the use of jingles and celebrity endorsements (besides "targeted" sports marketing) in favor of focusing on the qualities of its products and specific products. Chief advertising officer Chris Carroll explained that the focus on fat, calories, and weight loss were "what fresh used to be" and that the new campaign would focus more on the sourcing of Subway's ingredients, such as its phase-out of antibiotic-treated meat. Carroll also explained that the new strategy was being developed prior to the controversy involving Fogle.[86]

$5 footlongs

In 2008, Subway began to offer all its regular one-foot-long (30 cm) submarine sandwiches (excluding the premium and double-meat varieties) for five dollars (equivalent to $7.08 in 2023), in the continental United States and Canada, as a "limited time only" promotion. "Five Dollar Footlongs" quickly became the company's most successful promotion ever.[87] Upon the initial promotion's completion, customer response prompted Subway to create a permanent "$5 Footlong Everyday Value Menu" that offered some footlong sandwiches for $5. Since 2011, there has been a monthly rotating $5 footlong.[81] In October 2011, a similar promotion was launched in the United Kingdom. Customers can buy one of nine subs and any drink for £3 (for a 6-inch [15 cm] sub) or £5 (for a footlong).[88]

In 2012, San Francisco restaurants discontinued the five-dollar footlong promotion due to the higher cost of doing business in the city.[89] From June 2014 to the end of that year, some Subway locations began discontinuing the $5 dollar promotion.[90] On November 1, 2014, Subway discontinued the five-dollar footlong promotion, replacing it with the Simple $6 Menu which included a six-inch select with a drink and a choice of cookies or chips.[91][92]

In February 2016, Subway announced that all classic footlongs would be priced at $6 each.[93] In January 2018, the $5 promotion returned with a $4.99 footlong menu of five subs at participating locations.[94][95][96] In September 2018, Subway announced that it would discontinue the $5 footlong promotion to boost franchise profits.[97]

Italian Hero

In early 2017, Subway introduced its Italian Hero and advertised it with a campaign describing it as an authentic Italian(-American) sandwich. Created by their national creative agency MMB, two comedic spots feature Italian-American characters on and around the stoop of a tenement building, one including a cameo by sportscaster Dick Vitale. Another ad features Food Network's Jeff Mauro, the "Sandwich King", who is also Italian-American,[non-primary source needed][98] discussing the nature and role of the different Italian meats and other ingredients.[99][100][101][102][103][104]

"Refresh"

In July 2021, Subway debuted its "Refresh" campaign featuring: Tom Brady, Stephen Curry, Serena Williams, and Megan Rapinoe.[105] Subway franchisees requested Rapinoe be pulled from the ads following the 2020 Olympics, claiming her testimonial caused sales to dip and harmed the stores' reputation.[106]

Sponsorships

Subway has sponsored a number of sports events, particularly NASCAR races, including the Subway 400 (2002–2004), Subway 500 (2003–2007), Subway Fresh 500 (2005–2013) and the Subway Firecracker 250 (2009–2016). Subway sponsored the Subway Super Series ice hockey tournament from 2009 to 2014.[citation needed] In September 2022, Subway secured a three-year partnership deal with Football Australia for the naming rights of the men's national football teams as the Subway Socceroos, Subway Olyroos, Subway Young Socceroos, and Subway Joeys. The deal also includes Subway becoming the official partner of the Matildas and the Australia Cup.[107]

Animal welfare

In December 2015, Subway released a commitment to move to a 100% cage-free egg supply chain in North America by 2025.[108]

In April 2017, Subway released a chicken welfare policy[109] that states that by 2024 or sooner, 100% of its U.S. chicken products will be produced in alignment with Global Animal Partnership (GAP) standards for higher welfare breeds, enhanced living environments (including lighting, litter, and enrichment), increased activity levels and optimized stocking density, and improved slaughter methods. To ensure compliance, Subway's chicken suppliers will be third-party audited with updates communicated annually.[110]

The policy announcement followed a nationwide campaign led by high school animal activist Lia Hyman in coordination with the animal protection NGO The Humane League.[111] On April 20, 2017, Hyman and a group of activists traveled to Subway's global headquarters in Connecticut to deliver more than 53,000 signatures from campaign supporters and held a demonstration outside the building after they were denied entry.[112]

Controversies

Hepatitis A contamination

In September 1999, at least 32 customers in Seattle contracted hepatitis A after eating food contaminated with the virus at two Subway outlets.[113] The virus, which is spread by eating or drinking food or water contaminated with infected feces, infects the liver causing nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, and fever.[114] Subsequent investigations found that staff failed to adhere to thorough hand washing and the use of plastic gloves during food preparation.[115] A class-action lawsuit on behalf of 31 victims was resolved for $1.6 million.[116][117] The most seriously affected victim—a 6-year-old boy—suffered acute liver failure and required a liver transplant. He was awarded $10 million in an out-of-court settlement in 2001.[115] A previous outbreak of hepatitis A in 1996 had also involved a Subway outlet in Seattle, although no legal action had resulted.[113]

In April 2015, the Arkansas Department of Health issued a warning to the public that customers who had eaten at the Subway outlet in Morrilton, Arkansas, may have been exposed to infection after an employee tested positive for the virus.[118][119]

Sandwich size

On February 2, 2007, KNXV-TV (with the help of the Arizona Department of Weights and Measures) reported that three of Subway's "Giant Sub" sandwiches, normally each 3 feet (91 cm) long, were actually only 2 ft 8 in, 2 ft 8+1⁄4 in, and 2 ft 8+1⁄2 in (81, 81.9, and 82.6 cm) long. Under Arizona regulations, objects cannot be more than 3% shorter than their advertised length; a "three-foot" sub must be at least 2 feet 10.92 inches (88.70 cm) long. The report also showed the boxes designed to store these sandwiches were 2 feet 10+3⁄4 inches (88.3 cm) in length; shorter than the maximum allowable variance. In response to the report, Subway said it was reevaluating its advertising, training, and packaging materials with regard to the specific or implied length of Giant Subs and was advising its franchisees to only discuss with customers the approximate number of expected servings and not a specific length of measurement.[120]

In January 2013, an Australian teen, Matt Corby, complained on Facebook that Subway's "footlong" sandwich was only 11 inches (28 cm) long, rather than 1 foot (30 cm). Subway responded by saying, "With regards to the size of the bread and calling it a footlong, 'Subway Footlong' is a registered trademark as a descriptive name for the sub sold in Subway Restaurants and not intended to be a measurement of length." Discovery during a subsequent class-action lawsuit revealed that most Subway sandwiches were the advertised length. A $530,000 settlement was thrown out of court in 2017 for being "utterly worthless" to consumers.[121][122]

Franchise relations

In 1995, Subway Sandwich Shops, Fred DeLuca, Peter Buck, and Doctor's Associates Inc. were held liable for breach of contract. An Illinois jury awarded more than $10 million in damages to Nicholas and Victoria Jannotta after finding lease and contract violations. The plaintiffs claimed the defendants had misrepresented the asset value of Subway Sandwich Shops (a leasing company used by Doctor's Associates for franchising purposes) while negotiating a 1985 lease agreement.[123]

The U.S. House of Representatives' small business committee studied the franchise industry from 1992 to 1998. Dean Sagar noted, "Subway is the biggest problem in franchising and emerges as one of the key examples of every abuse you can think of."[124] In 1989, the U.S. Small Business Administration refused small business loans to Subway franchise owners until Subway removed a contract clause which gave it the power to seize and purchase any franchise without cause. The Dallas Morning News reported Subway had seized American soldier Leon Batie Jr.'s Subway stores in 2006 while he was serving in Afghanistan.[125] He had been deployed to support Operation Enduring Freedom in March 2005, three years after buying his first restaurant.[125] Batie alleged Subway had violated the U.S. Servicemembers Civil Relief Act. He filed a federal lawsuit against Subway, which was dismissed. He then filed suit in state court in Dallas County, Texas. Both parties settled on "mutually agreeable" and confidential terms in January 2010.[126]

United Kingdom VAT treatment

In October 2010, Subway franchisees in the United Kingdom lost a high court appeal against paying standard VAT on all toasted subs, as required by HM Revenue and Customs. Thus, in the United Kingdom, a toasted sub attracts VAT, whereas a cold sub, eaten off the premises, does not. Competitors such as Quiznos and McDonald's do not pay VAT on similar food.[127][128][129]

In March 2012, Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne announced plans to close the loophole that allows Subway competitors to offer hot food without paying VAT. This legislation was expected to come into force from October 2012 onward,[130] but on May 28, 2012, the government withdrew plans to charge VAT on originally hot food being allowed to cool naturally.[131] In June 2012, Subway launched the "Toast the Tax" campaign to put pressure on the government to drop VAT on toasted sandwiches, as it has done for hot savouries.[132]

Footlong trademark disputes

On January 31, 2011, Subway lawyer Valerie Pochron wrote to Casey's General Stores, a chain of Iowa-based convenience stores, demanding that the small chain cease using the term "footlong" in advertisements for its 12-inch sandwiches. Subway threatened to sue. Consequently, in February 2011, Casey's General Stores Inc. filed a petition in a U.S. District Court in Des Moines, seeking a legal declaration that the word "footlong" does not violate Subway's rights.[133] Casey's further sought a declaration that the word "footlong" is a generic description of a sandwich measuring one foot.[134][135] Before serving its complaint on Subway, Casey's voluntarily dismissed its action, ending the litigation.[136]

Subway's trademark application for "footlong" has yet to be approved by the federal government. Subway has attempted to register it with the United States Patent and Trademark Office twice. It filed on November 8, 2007,[137] and June 4, 2009.[138] Both filings have been abandoned, on November 20, 2013, and August 21, 2014, respectively. Yum Brands (KFC, Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, and non-Canadian A&W locations), Long John Silver's, and other competitors opposed the applications.[133]

Ingredients

Subway removed azodicarbonamide from its bread after food blogger and activist Vani Hari gathered more than 50,000 signatures in a petition drive.[139] Before Vani Hari's petition, Subway had used azodicarbonamide as a bread conditioner, to whiten the dough and allow sandwich bread to bake more quickly. As of 2016, the ingredient was still used by other fast food restaurants.[140]

In August 2015, Vani Hari again petitioned Subway in conjunction with Natural Resources Defense Council, Friends of the Earth, the Center for Food Safety, U.S. Public Interest Research Group to commit to buying meat produced without the routine use of antibiotics and to provide a timeline for doing so.[141] In October 2015, Subway announced it would transition to chicken raised without antibiotics in 2016 and turkey within the following 2–3 years, and would also transition beef and pork raised without antibiotics by 2025.[142][143]

In 2020, the Supreme Court of Ireland ruled that Subway bread had too high a sugar content to be classed as bread for VAT reasons, with its recipe including sugar equal to 10% of the weight of the flour.[144]

In 2021, a lawsuit was filed against the company alleging that the ingredient Subway bills as "tuna" was a mixture of "various concoctions that do not constitute tuna, yet have been blended together by defendants to imitate the appearance of tuna". The company's senior director for global food safety and quality said in a statement that "Our restaurants receive pure tuna, mix it with mayonnaise and serve on a freshly made sandwich to our guests."[145] The investigative TV show Inside Edition sent samples of Subway's tuna salad to Applied Food Technologies, a Florida company that carries out DNA testing of seafood. According to that company, "Yes, we confirmed that tuna was definitely in all three samples we received."[146] Subway established a website, SubwayTunaFacts.com, to refute the claims that they did not use real tuna, which they have denied unambiguously.[147]

Soy protein in chicken products

In an investigation by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC)'s consumer affairs television series Marketplace aired in February 2017, chicken from five fast-food restaurants was lab-tested to determine constituents. While DNA testing found between 84.9% and 89.4% of the DNA from other restaurants' chicken products to be chicken DNA, with the remaining being unidentifiable plant DNA, on the two Subway chicken items tested, 53.6% and 42.8% of the DNA was found to be chicken, with the remainder being mostly soy. Although ingredients listings did show soy protein to be a constituent of both of the chicken products, Subway states that the proportion is less than or equal to 1% and that the finding of about 50% soy DNA is not representative of the actual amount of soy in the product. Subway has called CBC's report "absolutely false and misleading" and demanded that it be retracted. Meanwhile, however, Subway Canada stated that it was investigating with its supplier to ensure that the proportion of soy protein was as per expectations.[148][149][150][151][152]

According to Subway's website, U.S. stores' ingredients may differ from those in Canadian stores. Both countries include soy protein in chicken strips, but only the U.S. version states that it is present in quantities of 2% or less. The Canadian version includes soy as an ingredient in its chicken patty, but the United States version does not.[153]

In April 2017, Subway sued the CBC, as well as the reporter and two producers, for $210 million, alleging the CBC acted "recklessly and maliciously" and that "these false statements... were published and republished, maliciously and without just cause or excuse, to a global audience, which has resulted in pecuniary loss to the plaintiffs." The CBC stood by its reports, stating that the DNA tests were done by independent and credible experts.[154] The CBC's Emma Bédard stated that Subway had not provided an alternative explanation for the DNA test results obtained by the CBC.[155]

In November 2019, Subway's lawsuit against the CBC was dismissed through anti-SLAPP legislation, as CBC's reporting was deemed to be a matter of public interest.[156][157] In January 2021 the Ontario Court of Appeal overturned the decision dismissing the lawsuit. The Supreme Court of Canada denied leave for appeal, so the matter has been returned to the Superior Court of Justice for trial.[158]

Underpaying workers

In 2019, the Fair Work Ombudsman found that 17 Australian-based Subway franchises had underpaid workers.[159] The lengthy investigation by the Ombudsman specifically found that franchises failed to pay the employees minimum wages, casual loadings, holiday and overtime rates, and did not issue proper pay slips or keep proper employment records.[159] The investigation resulted in over $81,000 being recovered in unpaid wages for over 160 employees.[159] Subway responded by introducing a rolling audit of franchisee employment records and commented that franchise agreements could be terminated if franchisees failed to meet Australian workplace laws and Subway's internal standards of operation.[159]

Calls for boycott over the Russian invasion of Ukraine

Following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Subway was criticized for not divesting or scaling back its operations in Russia, unlike most of its competitors.[160][161][162] Subway issued a statement saying its corporate office does not own any of the 446 Subway stores in Russia, and issued a statement saying, "In addition to working with our franchisees across Europe to provide meals to refugees, we will redirect any profits from operations in Russia to humanitarian efforts supporting Ukrainians who have been affected by the war. Our restaurants in Russia are all independently owned and operated by local franchisees and managed by an independent master franchisee."[163] Nevertheless, Ukraine's National Agency on Corruption Prevention stated that Subway continues advertising in Russia and collecting payments from its Russian franchisees, and listed Subway among International Sponsors of War in January 2024.[164]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Obituary: Carmela DeLuca, 89, Co-Founder of Subway, Mother of Fred DeLuca". Orange Live. August 30, 2012. Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 17, 2021.
  2. ^ "Contact Customer Service". SUBWAY. January 1, 1970. Retrieved August 7, 2023.
  3. ^ a b c "Explore Our World". Subway. Archived from the original on July 29, 2019. Retrieved June 6, 2021.
  4. ^ Patton, Leslie (November 13, 2019). "Subway Names Former Burger King CEO to Take Reins". Archived from the original on July 7, 2020. Retrieved November 14, 2019.
  5. ^ "6. Subway". Retrieved December 18, 2022.[permanent dead link‍]
  6. ^ "Sales of Subway restaurants in the United States from 2015 to 2020". statista.com. Retrieved September 18, 2021.
  7. ^ "Subway". Forbes. January 25, 2022. Retrieved May 24, 2022.
  8. ^ "Subway IP LLC". OpenCorporates. December 14, 2015. Retrieved April 18, 2024.
  9. ^ "'It's just not what people want anymore': Subway to close hundreds of U.S. stores". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 29, 2018. Retrieved December 14, 2020.
  10. ^ a b McCreary, Matthew (May 9, 2018). "How a 17-Year-Old With $1,000 Started Subway and Became a Billionaire". Entrepreneur. Archived from the original on September 24, 2020. Retrieved December 14, 2020.
  11. ^ Herold, Tracy Stapp (February 6, 2015). "Top Fastest-Growing Franchises for 2015". Entrepreneur. Archived from the original on August 10, 2017. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
  12. ^ Tice, Carol. "Subway - pg.2". Forbes. Archived from the original on August 10, 2017. Retrieved May 22, 2017.
  13. ^ "Number of U.S. Subway restaurants 2016". Statista. Archived from the original on December 23, 2017. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
  14. ^ "The History of SUBWAY". Subway. 2019. Archived from the original on January 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2020. Today, the SUBWAY brand is the world's largest submarine sandwich chain with more than 20,603 locations around the world.
  15. ^ "World's Largest Fast Food Chains". Food & Wine. May 8, 2017. Archived from the original on November 24, 2017. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
  16. ^ Joe Bramhall. "McDonald's Corporation". Hoovers.com. Archived from the original on October 15, 2006. Retrieved August 23, 2007.
  17. ^ "Yum! Financial Data - Restaurant Counts". yum.com. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  18. ^ "Subway: How Do they Really Do It?". My5. Channel 5 (British TV channel). Retrieved February 18, 2022.
  19. ^ a b c "SUBWAY® Timeline". Subway. 2019. Archived from the original on December 25, 2019. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  20. ^ a b c Bhattarai, Abha (April 27, 2018). "'It's just not what people want anymore': Subway to close hundreds of U.S. stores". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 30, 2018. Retrieved April 29, 2018.
  21. ^ 2008 Honorary Degree Recipients (Bowdoin, Office of Events and Summer Programs) (archived 2008)
  22. ^ "Subway Restaurants International Homepage". Subway.com. Archived from the original on March 19, 2013. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
  23. ^ "Subway Canada to Overhaul Locations". retail-insider.com. November 4, 2019. Retrieved January 29, 2024.
  24. ^ "FACTS AND HISTORY". subway.co.uk. Retrieved May 15, 2015.
  25. ^ "Cajun Joe's opens first restaurant in Alabama". Birmingham Post Herald. December 8, 1990. pp. D10. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  26. ^ "Roundup". Hartford Courant. December 13, 1989. pp. B2. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  27. ^ "Spicy Mike's brings Cajun downtown". Herald and Review. May 14, 1999. pp. C1. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  28. ^ Kung, Michelle (September 13, 2007). "Wal-Mart Dumps McDonald's For Subway As In-Store Restaurateur". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on August 31, 2016. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
  29. ^ "2015 Top Global Franchises". Entrepreneur. Archived from the original on January 12, 2016. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
  30. ^ "2015 Top Fastest Growing Franchises". Entrepreneur. Archived from the original on January 9, 2016. Retrieved June 9, 2018.
  31. ^ Jargon, Julie (March 8, 2011). "Subway Runs Past McDonald's Chain". wsj.com. Archived from the original on December 27, 2014. Retrieved January 20, 2014.
  32. ^ "Suzanne Greco - Restaurant Leadership Conference 2017". Restaurantleadership.com. April 9, 2017. Archived from the original on October 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
  33. ^ Patton, Leslie (April 20, 2017). "Subway Shuts Hundreds of U.S. Stores". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on April 20, 2017. Retrieved April 20, 2017.
  34. ^ "Subway Brings "Fresh Forward" With New Restaurant Design, Customer Experience". Multivu. July 17, 2017. Archived from the original on July 18, 2017. Retrieved July 17, 2017.
  35. ^ Klein, Danny (July 2017). "Subway Reveals Major New Brand Look". QSR magazine. Retrieved March 31, 2021.
  36. ^ Ruggless, Ron (February 18, 2022). "CEO John Chidsey shifts Subway's franchise focus to quality, not quantity". Nation's Restaurant News. Archived from the original on February 22, 2022. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
  37. ^ "Subway Taps ezCater for Online Catering Roll Out". QSR magazine. December 3, 2020. Retrieved March 1, 2021.
  38. ^ "Sandwich chain Subway explores sale of business". BBC News. February 15, 2023. Retrieved February 15, 2023.
  39. ^ Seal, Dean (February 14, 2023). "Subway Confirms It Is Seeking Buyers". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved February 15, 2023.
  40. ^ a b Barton, Susanne (March 4, 2023). "Subway's Potential $10 Billion Sale Draws Goldman, Bain: Sky". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved March 4, 2023.
  41. ^ Lucas, Amelia (August 24, 2023). "Subway sandwich chain sells itself to Dunkin' owner Roark Capital". CNBC. Retrieved August 24, 2023.
  42. ^ Maze, Jonathan (August 22, 2023). "The 10 biggest restaurant chain acquisitions". Restaurant Business. Informa Connect. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
  43. ^ Schott, Paul. "Report: FTC investigating planned $10B sale of CT-based Subway". CT Insider. Archived from the original on March 21, 2024. Retrieved March 21, 2024.
  44. ^ Coley, Ben (April 30, 2024). "Subway Finalizes Sale to Roark Capital". QSR Magazine. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  45. ^ Shannon, Bill (March 20, 2024). "In 'rare shift,' Subway says it's ditching Coca-Cola products". MSN. Retrieved March 20, 2024.
  46. ^ a b "Subway will replace Coca-Cola products with Pepsi in 2025 - CBS News". CBS News. March 19, 2024. Retrieved March 21, 2024.
  47. ^ "Coke in, Pepsi out at Subway". Chief Marketer. December 2, 2003. Retrieved March 21, 2024.
  48. ^ Haddon, Heather (April 30, 2024). "Private-Equity Firm Roark Cleared to Acquire Sandwich Chain Subway". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 1, 2024.
  49. ^ "CEO John Chidsey shifts Subway's focus to quality, not quantity | Nation's Restaurant News". February 22, 2022. Archived from the original on February 22, 2022. Retrieved February 24, 2024.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  50. ^ Subway IP Inc. (January 3, 2017). "Privacy Notice | subway.com - United States (English)". www.subway.com. Archived from the original on February 17, 2020. Retrieved September 24, 2017.
  51. ^ Subway IP Inc. (January 3, 2017). "Privacy Statement FWH | SUBWAY.com - United States (English)". www.subway.com. Archived from the original on October 22, 2019. Retrieved September 24, 2017.
  52. ^ "IPC Europe". Archived from the original on June 18, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2020.
  53. ^ "Subcard® | Terms and conditions". Archived from the original on June 19, 2020. Retrieved June 18, 2020.
  54. ^ "Subway® CDO Don Fertman Back On Undercover Boss In New "Epic Bosses" Episode" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 27, 2013. Retrieved June 14, 2013.
  55. ^ Guardian staff (May 23, 2022). "John Oliver on Subway franchisees: 'Dream turned into a nightmare'". www.theguardian.com. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
  56. ^ a b Roeder, Jonathan (February 14, 2023). "Subway Sandwich Chain Is Exploring a Sale After Record-Setting Year". Bloomberg.com. Retrieved April 10, 2023.
  57. ^ a b "Explore Our World". Subway. December 10, 2022. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022. Retrieved May 11, 2023.
  58. ^ "Subway Restaurants to Brew Seattle's Best Coffee Exclusively". News.starbucks.com. Archived from the original on November 14, 2010. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
  59. ^ Dennis, Guy (April 25, 2004). "Subway sets out to torpedo McDonald's". The Daily Telegraph. London. Archived from the original on January 26, 2009. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
  60. ^ "Official Subway Restaurants FAQs". Subway. Archived from the original on February 14, 2012. Retrieved August 25, 2009.
  61. ^ "Fresh off the Press: Paninis Have Arrived at Subway®". www.newswire.ca. Archived from the original on April 27, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
  62. ^ "Subway debuts limited-time cheesesteak, tests crispy chicken sandwich". Nation's Restaurant News. September 21, 2018. Archived from the original on September 25, 2018. Retrieved September 25, 2018.
  63. ^ Subway. "SUBWAY® REVEALS SIDEKICKS, AN IRRESISTIBLE COLLECTION OF FOOTLONG COOKIES, CHURROS AND PRETZELS". www.prnewswire.com (Press release). Retrieved April 4, 2024.
  64. ^ "First Kosher Subway Restaurant Opens in Cleveland". Pr.com. June 6, 2006. Archived from the original on August 8, 2010. Retrieved September 1, 2013.
  65. ^ Fishkoff, Sue (August 5, 2009). "Eat fresh, eat kosher: Subway the largest U.S. kosher restaurant chain". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Archived from the original on April 20, 2016. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
  66. ^ Spiro, Amy (September 19, 2011). "The Subway That Stops In New York". The Jewish Week. Archived from the original on October 4, 2017. Retrieved February 26, 2016.
  67. ^ Rohan Dua (August 17, 2012). "Subway to roll out world's 1st all-veg outlet in Punjab". The Times of India. Archived from the original on December 22, 2017. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  68. ^ Chitra Unnithan (March 6, 2013). "US food giants turn vegetarian in Gujarat". The Times of India. Archived from the original on December 22, 2017. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
  69. ^ Roberson, Amanda. "Gluten-free items come to some Subway's in East Texas". KYTX CBS 19. Archived from the original on September 29, 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2011.
  70. ^ "Subway slashes salt in sandwiches". WHEC News 10. April 19, 2011. Archived from the original on October 2, 2011.
  71. ^ "Subway® Shapes Up With Health And Wellbeing Commitments". Subway. March 10, 2011. Archived from the original on October 6, 2011. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
  72. ^ "The Subway Chain® Partners with Heart Research UK". Subway. June 11, 2009. Archived from the original on August 27, 2009. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
  73. ^ Meet America's 25 biggest advertisers Archived March 7, 2015, at the Wayback Machine. AdAge. Retrieved July 8, 2013.
  74. ^ "Join the Subway® Team". www.subway.com. Retrieved March 11, 2024.
  75. ^ "Fraud stamps out Subway sandwich promo". msnbc.com. June 3, 2005. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  76. ^ "Subway Scraps Free-Sandwich Promotion". Fox News. June 2, 2005. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
  77. ^ Gail Schille (November 17, 2007). "Subway in 'Family Guy' promotion". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on January 31, 2016. Retrieved June 26, 2013. Fox's "Family Guy" has lined up its first national quick-service restaurant promotion with Subway Restaurants, which will air a TV spot featuring the show's Peter Griffin
  78. ^ "Subway: Good Night, and Good 'Chuck'". TV Week. April 27, 2009. Archived from the original on April 30, 2009. Retrieved April 27, 2009.
  79. ^ Wolff-Mann, Ethan. "Subway Offers Buy One Get One Free Sandwiches on Nov. 3". Money.com. Archived from the original on April 29, 2022. Retrieved November 3, 2015.
  80. ^ "Subway Sub Of The Day". January 3, 2023. Archived from the original on December 2, 2022. Retrieved January 3, 2023.
  81. ^ a b Boyle, Matthew (November 10, 2009). "The Accidental Hero". Yahoo! Finance. Sunnyvale, California: Verizon Media. Archived from the original on June 29, 2011. Retrieved January 10, 2012.
  82. ^ Murray, Rheana (June 9, 2013). "Subway commercial spokesman Jared Fogle marks 15 years of turkey subs and keeping the weight off". The New York Daily News. New York City: Tronc. Archived from the original on November 17, 2014. Retrieved November 18, 2014.
  83. ^ Campbell, Andy; McLaughlin, Michael (August 18, 2015). "Subway Fires Jared Fogle Ahead Of Expected Child Porn Guilty Plea". The Huffington Post. New York City: Huffington Post Media Group. Archived from the original on October 11, 2017. Retrieved February 20, 2019.
  84. ^ Harwell, Drew (August 19, 2015). "Ex-'Subway guy' Jared Fogle to plead guilty to child porn, underage sex". The Washington Post. Washington DC: Nash Holdings LLC. Archived from the original on October 4, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
  85. ^ Isidore, Chris (November 19, 2015). "Jared Fogle sentenced to more than 15 years". CNNMoney. Atlanta, Georgia: Turner Broadcasting Systems. Archived from the original on November 24, 2015. Retrieved November 25, 2015.
  86. ^ Schultz, E.J. (December 27, 2015). "Behind Subway's Post-Jared Strategy: No More Discount Ads, Fewer Celebs". Advertising Age. New York City: Crain Communications. Archived from the original on February 15, 2016. Retrieved February 8, 2016.(subscription required)
  87. ^ "Did Subway Put Its Foot(long) In Its Mouth?". Brandchannel.com. Archived from the original on May 22, 2010. Retrieved June 5, 2013.
  88. ^ "The £3 lunch". Subway. Archived from the original on October 15, 2011. Retrieved October 26, 2012.
  89. ^ Eskenazi, Joe (March 28, 2012). "Subway Kills Five-Dollar Footlongs in S.F. Due to "Higher Cost of Doing Business"". Archived from the original on May 25, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  90. ^ Harvey, Katherine P. (August 22, 2014). "Farewell, $5 Footlong". The San Diego Union Tribune. Archived from the original on April 3, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  91. ^ "Subway 2014 November Specials - New Simple $6 Menu". Brandeating.com. November 1, 2014. Archived from the original on April 3, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  92. ^ "Introducing the Simple $6 Menu! Choose from a variety of 6" subs with chips & a drink for $6!". Subway. November 5, 2014. Archived from the original on December 15, 2020. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  93. ^ "Breaking News: Starting February 4th, All of your favorite classic footlongs are $6". Subway. February 2, 2016. Archived from the original on September 30, 2019. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  94. ^ Walansky, Aly (December 18, 2017). "Subway is bringing back its $5 footlong — but not everyone is happy". Today.com. Archived from the original on December 15, 2020. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  95. ^ "What's behind curtain #4.99?". Subway. January 29, 2018. Archived from the original on December 15, 2020. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  96. ^ "5 footlongs $4.99 each". Subway. Archived from the original on April 3, 2018. Retrieved April 2, 2018.
  97. ^ "Subway discontinues $5 footlong to boost franchisee profits". Archived from the original on September 12, 2018. Retrieved September 13, 2018.
  98. ^ "An Interview With Jeff Mauro, The Winner Of the Food Network's Next Food Star!". Recipe4Living.com. Archived from the original on October 4, 2017. Retrieved May 5, 2017. Since I am Italian-American, and living around my people for the majority of my life, it has been an integral part of my culinary upbringing.
  99. ^ "Subway Italian Hero TV Commercial, 'Piled High'". iSpot.tv. 2017. Archived from the original on April 28, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  100. ^ "Subway Italian Hero Sandwich TV Commercial, 'The Sandwich King' Feat. Jeff Mauro". iSpot.tv. 2017. Archived from the original on April 28, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  101. ^ "Subway Italian Hero TV Spot, 'The Taste of Italy'". iSpot.tv. 2017. Archived from the original on April 28, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  102. ^ "Subway Italian Hero TV Commercial, 'The Legendary Italian Heroes' Ft. Dick Vitale". iSpot.tv. 2017. Archived from the original on April 27, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  103. ^ "Subway Italian Hero TV Spot, 'Authentic'". iSpot.tv. 2017. Archived from the original on April 27, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  104. ^ "Subway Italian Hero TV Spot, 'Frankie'". iSpot.tv. 2017. Archived from the original on April 28, 2017. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  105. ^ "Inside Subway’s superstar-studded Refresh campaign by Jessica Wohl Ad Age (July 13, 2021) Retrieved July 24, 2021 (Paywall)
  106. ^ "Megan Rapinoe's Post-Olympic Woes Continue as Subway Franchises Want Her Dropped by Scott MacDonald Newsweek (August 8, 2021) Retrieved August 13, 2021
  107. ^ Football Australia Media (September 22, 2022). "Football Australia and Socceroos score fresh partnership with Subway | Socceroos". www.socceroos.com.au. Retrieved July 21, 2023.
  108. ^ Steele, Anne (December 28, 2015). "Subway Begins Move Toward Cage-Free Eggs". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on January 21, 2018. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
  109. ^ "Sustainable Sourcing | subway.com - United States (English)". SUBWAY.com. January 1, 1970. Archived from the original on June 29, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
  110. ^ "Subway to implement new animal welfare standards | Meat+Poultry". Meatpoultry.com. Archived from the original on May 16, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
  111. ^ Bailey, Micah (April 28, 2017). "Subway commits to Chicken Welfare Policy". Wtnh.com. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
  112. ^ Daniel Craig (April 28, 2017). "Cheltenham student prods Subway to new chicken welfare policy". PhillyVoice. Archived from the original on June 20, 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
  113. ^ a b "Hepatitis Outbreak Triggers Lawsuit". The Columbian. Vancouver. November 14, 1999. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved June 5, 2015 – via HighBeam Research.
  114. ^ Matheny, SC; Kingery, JE (December 1, 2012). "Hepatitis A." Am Fam Physician. 86 (11): 1027–34, quiz 1010–2. PMID 23198670. Archived from the original on March 9, 2014. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
  115. ^ a b "Seattle Subway Franchise Will Pay $10 Million to Settle Boy's Hepatitis Suit". The Seattle Times. Seattle. July 3, 2001. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved June 5, 2015 – via HighBeam Research.
  116. ^ "Subway Franchise Faces Claims from Over Thirty-One Hepatitis A Victims". Marler Clark. November 10, 1999. Archived from the original on October 4, 2017. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
  117. ^ "Subway Hepatitis A Outbreak". About Hepatitis. 2015. Archived from the original on March 5, 2016. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
  118. ^ Kloap, Danielle (April 14, 2015). "Health Department: Hepatitis A exposure possible at Subway in Morrilton". Arkansas Democrat-Gazette. Little Rock. Archived from the original on May 22, 2015. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
  119. ^ "Arkansas Officials Warn About Possible Exposure to Hepatitis A at Subway". Food Safety News. Seattle. April 14, 2015. Archived from the original on July 10, 2015. Retrieved June 5, 2015.
  120. ^ Joe Ducey (June 26, 2007). "Sub-Standard". KNXV-TV (Phoenix, Arizona). Archived from the original on August 18, 2007. Retrieved April 8, 2008. Video
  121. ^ "'Worthless' Subway 'Footlong' sandwich settlement is thrown out: U.S." Reuters. August 25, 2017. Archived from the original on February 12, 2018. Retrieved February 12, 2018.
  122. ^ "Subway foot-long settlement 'utterly worthless' to customers, 7th Circuit says". ABA Journal. August 30, 2017. Archived from the original on February 12, 2018. Retrieved February 12, 2018.
  123. ^ Robin Lee Allen (December 11, 1995). "Subway ordered to pay $10M in punitive damages to ex-landlord". Nation's Restaurant News. Archived from the original on January 6, 2012. Retrieved August 8, 2011.
  124. ^ Richard Behar (March 16, 1998). "Why Subway Is 'The Biggest Problem In Franchising' That's the assessment of a congressional staffer who studied". Forbes Magazine. Archived from the original on September 6, 2011. Retrieved August 8, 2011.
  125. ^ a b Karen Robinson-Jacobs (June 21, 2009). "Soldier suing after being stripped of Subway restaurant franchises". The Dallas Morning News. Archived from the original on June 23, 2009. Retrieved July 28, 2009.
  126. ^ Robinson-Jacobs, Karen (January 5, 2010). "Subway, soldier settle Dallas franchise dispute". The Dallas Morning News. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved August 25, 2011.
  127. ^ "Subway wrangle over VAT could be heading to high court". Huddersfield Daily Examiner. January 4, 2011. Archived from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved June 29, 2011.
  128. ^ "Big butties, small mindedness". Taxation. October 20, 2010. Archived from the original on October 26, 2010. Retrieved February 17, 2011.
  129. ^ "Subway VAT appeal: Subway loses". Howlader & Co. November 4, 2010. Archived from the original on August 18, 2011. Retrieved January 17, 2011.
  130. ^ "Budget 2012: VAT move could 'hit cost of bacon rolls'". BBC News. March 21, 2012. Archived from the original on June 18, 2018. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
  131. ^ "Government does U-turn over 'Cornish pasty tax'". BBC News. May 28, 2012. Archived from the original on June 23, 2018. Retrieved July 21, 2018.
  132. ^ Shaw, Martin (June 24, 2012). "David Cameron of Birkby v David Cameron of Downing Street in toastie tax row". Huddersfield Examiner. Archived from the original on May 18, 2015. Retrieved June 5, 2013.
  133. ^ a b "Casey's sues Subway over rights to 'footlong'". USA Today. July 16, 2010. Archived from the original on January 20, 2013. Retrieved February 17, 2011.
  134. ^ Welte, Melanie S. (February 14, 2011). "Iowa store chain sues Subway over 'footlong'". NBC News. Archived from the original on September 23, 2020. Retrieved February 17, 2011.
  135. ^ "Complaint, Casey's v. Subway, No. 4:11-cv-64 (S. D. Iowa)". February 11, 2011.
  136. ^ "Motion for voluntary dismissal, Casey's v. Subway, No. 4:11-cv-64 (S. D. Iowa)". May 3, 2011.
  137. ^ "U. S. Patent and Trademark Office, footlong application #1, s/n 77324328". Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved February 10, 2013.
  138. ^ "U. S. Patent and Trademark Office, footlong application #2, s/n 77752328". Archived from the original on May 11, 2013. Retrieved February 10, 2013.
  139. ^ "Our Commitment to Our Customers: Serving Quality Products Subway Introduces Azo Free Bread in the US and Canada" (PDF). subway.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 26, 2014.
  140. ^ "That Chemical Subway Ditched? McDonald's, Wendy's Use it Too - NBC News". NBC News. Archived from the original on January 24, 2017. Retrieved December 31, 2016.
  141. ^ "Subway to transition to meat raised without antibiotics". The Big Story. Archived from the original on October 23, 2015. Retrieved April 20, 2016.
  142. ^ Charles, Dan (October 20, 2015). "Subway Joins The Fast-Food, Antibiotic-Free Meat Club". NPR. Archived from the original on April 13, 2016. Retrieved April 20, 2016.
  143. ^ "SUBWAY Restaurants Elevates Current Antibiotic-Free Policy U.S. Restaurants Will Only Serve Animal Proteins That Have Never Been Treated With Antibiotics" (PDF). Subway.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 23, 2016.
  144. ^ "Sandwiches in Subway 'too sugary to meet legal definition of being bread'". independent. Archived from the original on October 1, 2020. Retrieved October 1, 2020.
  145. ^ Carman, Tim (January 27, 2021). "Subway's tuna is not tuna, but a 'mixture of various concoctions,' a lawsuit alleges". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
  146. ^ Staff (February 11, 2021). "Do Subway's Tuna Sandwiches Actually Contain Tuna? Inside Edition Investigates". Inside Edition. Retrieved June 22, 2021.
  147. ^ "Subway Tuna is Real Tuna". SubwayTunaFacts.com. Subway. 2021. Retrieved July 22, 2021. The truth is, Subway uses wild-caught skipjack tuna regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). A favorite among sub lovers, our tuna is and has always been high-quality, premium and 100% real.
  148. ^ "The chicken challenge: Testing your fast food - Marketplace - CBC News". cbc.ca. February 24, 2017. Archived from the original on March 8, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  149. ^ "Fast food chicken: Testing Subway, McDonald's, A&W, Wendy's & Tim Hortons (CBC Marketplace)". YouTube. February 24, 2017. Archived from the original on March 8, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  150. ^ "What's in your chicken sandwich? DNA test shows Subway sandwiches could contain just 50% chicken - Business - CBC News". cbc.ca. February 24, 2017. Archived from the original on March 8, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  151. ^ "Company responses: Chicken - Marketplace - CBC News". cbc.ca. February 24, 2017. Archived from the original on March 5, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  152. ^ "Subway defends its chicken after CBC Marketplace report". cbc.ca. March 1, 2017. Archived from the original on March 7, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
  153. ^ "Subway Denies That Its Chicken Is 50% Filler". Time. March 5, 2017. Archived from the original on May 8, 2017. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
  154. ^ "Subway files defamation suit against CBC over chicken reports". CBC News. April 18, 2017. Archived from the original on May 25, 2017. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
  155. ^ Lalani, Azzura (March 16, 2017). "Subway says it plans to sue CBC for $210 million over chicken findings". Toronto Star. Archived from the original on May 22, 2017. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
  156. ^ Loriggio, Paul (November 29, 2019). "Ontario court dismisses Subway's lawsuit against CBC over chicken report". Canadian Business. The Canadian Press. Archived from the original on December 4, 2019. Retrieved December 4, 2019.
  157. ^ "Judge dismisses Subway's $210M lawsuit against CBC over chicken sandwich exposé". CBC News. Archived from the original on November 26, 2019. Retrieved December 4, 2019.
  158. ^ "Subway's defamation suit against CBC over report on chicken content allowed to proceed". CBC News. August 11, 2021.
  159. ^ a b c d Ryan, Peter (October 1, 2019). "Subway forced to cough up workers' unpaid wages in crackdown on fast-food sector". ABC News. Archived from the original on December 24, 2019. Retrieved December 26, 2019.
  160. ^ Schott, Paul (March 18, 2022). "As calls to boycott Subway intensify, CT company resists pulling out of Russia". CT Insider. Archived from the original on March 18, 2022. Retrieved March 23, 2022.
  161. ^ "Opinion: Stop buying from these companies. They're funding Putin's war". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on November 8, 2022. Retrieved March 23, 2022.
  162. ^ Corbett, Kelly (March 18, 2022). "Here's Why Twitter Is Calling for Americans to Boycott Subway". Distractify.
  163. ^ Munbodh, Emma (March 16, 2022). "Subway, PepsiCo and more firms still trading in Russia 21 days since Ukraine war began". Daily Mirror. Archived from the original on March 16, 2022. Retrieved February 26, 2023.
  164. ^ Фастфуд, який дійсно вбиває: НАЗК внесло Subway до переліку міжнародних спонсорів війни, National Agency on Corruption Prevention, 10.01.2024

Media related to Subway (restaurant) at Wikimedia Commons

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Subway_(restaurant)&oldid=1233324382"