View source for FIDE World Chess Championship 1998

{{Short description|none}}
{{Infobox chess match
|comp1 = Anatoly Karpov
|comp2 = Viswanathan Anand
|image1 = [[File:Anatoli Karpow.jpg|center|Anatoly Karpov|140px]]
|image2 = [[File:Viswanathan Anand 1992 Manila.jpg|center|Viswanathan Anand|140px]]
|title1 = Defending champion
|title2 = Challenger
|flag1 = RUS
|flag2 = IND
|dob1 = 23 May 1951
|age1 = 46 years old
|dob2 = 11 December 1969
|age2 = 28 years old
|qual1 = Winner of the [[FIDE World Chess Championship 1996]]
|qual2 = Winner of the [[#Results, rounds 5–7|Candidates Tournament 1997]]
|elo1 = 2735 
|elo2 = 2770 
|rank1 = 6
|rank2 = 3
|prev = 1996
|prev_link = FIDE World Chess Championship 1996
|next = 1999
|next_link = FIDE World Chess Championship 1999
|score1 = 3 (2)
|score2 = 3 (0)
}}
The '''FIDE World Chess Championship 1998''' was contested in a match between the [[World Chess Championship|FIDE World Champion]] [[Anatoly Karpov]] and the challenger [[Viswanathan Anand]]. The match took place between 2 January and 9 January 1998 in [[Lausanne]], Switzerland. The challenger was determined in a tournament held in [[Groningen]], Netherlands, between 9 December and 30 December 1997. After the championship match ended in a draw, Karpov won the rapid playoff, becoming the 1998 FIDE World Chess Champion.

==New World Championship format==

===Background===

From 1948 to 1993, the world chess championship had been administered by [[FIDE]], the international chess federation. In 1993, World Chess Champion [[Garry Kasparov]] split from [[FIDE]] and formed a rival organisation, the [[Professional Chess Association]]. FIDE stripped Kasparov of his title, meaning there were now two rival championships: the FIDE title, held by [[Anatoly Karpov]], and the PCA title, held by Kasparov. Karpov and Kasparov had successfully defended their titles at the [[FIDE World Chess Championship 1996]] and [[PCA World Chess Championship 1995]] respectively.

From 1948 until 1996, World Chess Championships had followed a similar pattern: a series of qualifying tournaments and matches were held over more than a year, culminating in the [[Candidates Tournament]]. The winner of the Candidates tournament was the official challenger for the world title and would play the incumbent champion in a match for world championship. (The 1996 cycle was an exception. The incumbent world champion participated in the Candidates tournament as a seeded in the Candidates final.)

In 1997, FIDE president [[Kirsan Ilyumzhinov]] proposed a completely new structure: a knockout tournament, consisting of two-game matches (slightly longer in the final rounds), with match tie-breakers using [[rapid chess]] and [[blitz chess]] if necessary. This format had been done before in tournaments such as [[Tilburg chess tournament|Tilburg]] 1992–94, but never at the world championship level.

In addition to the new format, it was proposed by Ilyumzhinov as a way to unify the two rival world titles. To do this, FIDE champion [[Anatoly Karpov]] and PCA champion [[Garry Kasparov]] were each to be seeded into the semi-finals.

Kasparov did not want to defend his title under these circumstances and declined his invitation.  The format was then modified to have FIDE champion Karpov seeded directly into the final.

===Controversies===
{{Unreferenced section|date=October 2008}}

The advantages of the new format were:
* It avoided a long cycle, and was all over in a month or so. This is could all be done in the one venue, it would not have the scheduling problems which had beset some previous world championship cycles. Each round could be played in 3 days (one day for each normal time control game, and one for the tie breaks).
* More players (up to 128) could be included.
* There were no special privileges for the incumbent champion or seeded players (although some were preserved in the earlier championships, these were eliminated later on).

Opponents pointed out disadvantages of the format:
* Short matches (only two games in the earlier rounds) left too much to chance – the stronger player could blunder a game, and it would be difficult to recover from a bad start. (Many world championship and Candidates matches had been won by the player who recovered from an early loss).
* The rapid playoffs were also seen to be left too much to chance: strength in rapid chess is not the same as strength in chess with normal time controls.
* These first two considerations, taken together, meant there was a very high chance that the best player would not win, or even that a complete outsider might win, opponents argued.
* Some people felt that the tradition of the champion being seeded into the final should be preserved, so that a new champion can only be champion by defeating the old champion.
* However, the scheduling of the match caused great controversy regarding the fairness of the contest: Anand was forced to play a fresh and prepared Karpov a mere three days<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.chessgames.com/perl/chess.pl?tid=55521 | title=Karpov - Anand FIDE World Championship Match (1998) }}</ref> after his exhausting performance at Groningen.

===Prominent non-participants===

* Kasparov did not want to defend his title under these circumstances, and declined his invitation.
* [[Vladimir Kramnik]] declined to play, in protest against having the final with Karpov shortly after the end of the tournament.

==Participants==
All players are [[Grandmaster (chess)|grandmasters]] unless indicated otherwise.
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
# {{flagathlete|[[Vladimir Kramnik]]<sup>1</sup>|RUS}}, 2770
# {{flagathlete|[[Viswanathan Anand]]|IND}}, 2765
# {{flagathlete|[[Anatoly Karpov]]|RUS}}, 2745
# {{flagathlete|[[Veselin Topalov]]|BUL}}, 2745
# {{flagathlete|[[Vassily Ivanchuk]]|UKR}}, 2725
# {{flagathlete|[[Alexander Beliavsky]]|SLO}}, 2710
# {{flagathlete|[[Alexei Shirov]]|ESP}}, 2700
# {{flagathlete|[[Boris Gelfand]]|BLR}}, 2695
# {{flagathlete|[[Michael Adams (chess player)|Michael Adams]]|ENG}}, 2680
# {{flagathlete|[[Valery Salov]]|RUS}}, 2680
# {{flagathlete|[[Yevgeny Bareev]]|RUS}}, 2670
# {{flagathlete|[[Kiril Georgiev]]|BUL}}, 2670
# {{flagathlete|[[Judit Polgár]]|HUN}}, 2670
# {{flagathlete|[[Matthew Sadler]]|ENG}}, 2665
# {{flagathlete|[[Vladimir Akopian]]|ARM}}, 2660
# {{flagathlete|[[Aleksej Alexandrov]]|BLR}}, 2660
# {{flagathlete|[[Joël Lautier]]|FRA}}, 2660
# {{flagathlete|[[Nigel Short]]|ENG}}, 2660
# {{flagathlete|[[Peter Svidler]]|RUS}}, 2660
# {{flagathlete|[[Alexander Khalifman]]|RUS}}, 2655
# {{flagathlete|[[Loek van Wely]]|NED}}, 2655
# {{flagathlete|[[Zurab Azmaiparashvili]]|GEO|1990}}, 2650
# {{flagathlete|[[Sergei Rublevsky]]|RUS}}, 2650
# {{flagathlete|[[Alex Yermolinsky]]|USA}}, 2650
# {{flagathlete|[[Michal Krasenkov]]|POL}}, 2645
# {{flagathlete|[[Lembit Oll]]|EST}}, 2645
# {{flagathlete|[[Eduardas Rozentalis]]|LTU}}, 2645
# {{flagathlete|[[Ulf Andersson]]|SWE}}, 2640
# {{flagathlete|[[Alexander Chernin]]|HUN}}, 2640
# {{flagathlete|[[Alexey Dreev]]|RUS}}, 2640
# {{flagathlete|[[Rafael Vaganian]]|ARM}}, 2640
# {{flagathlete|[[Arthur Yussupov]]|GER}}, 2640
# {{flagathlete|[[Peter Leko]]|HUN}}, 2635
# {{flagathlete|[[Vadim Milov]]|SUI}}, 2635
# {{flagathlete|[[Ivan Sokolov (chess player)|Ivan Sokolov]]|BIH}}, 2635
# {{flagathlete|[[Vadim Zvjaginsev]]|RUS}}, 2635
# {{flagathlete|[[Predrag Nikolić]]|BIH}}, 2630
# {{flagathlete|[[Jeroen Piket]]|NED}}, 2630
# {{flagathlete|[[Yasser Seirawan]]|USA}}, 2630
# {{flagathlete|[[Giorgy Giorgadze]]|GEO|1990}}, 2625
# {{flagathlete|[[Julio Granda]]|PER}}, 2625
# {{flagathlete|[[Jan Timman]]|NED}}, 2625
# {{flagathlete|[[Zoltán Almási]]|HUN}}, 2615
# {{flagathlete|[[Boris Alterman]]|ISR}}, 2615
# {{flagathlete|[[Vladimir Malaniuk]]|UKR}}, 2615
# {{flagathlete|[[Vladislav Tkachiev]]|KAZ}}, 2615
# {{flagathlete|[[Utut Adianto]]|INA}}, 2610
# {{flagathlete|[[Jaan Ehlvest]]|EST}}, 2610
# {{flagathlete|[[Viktor Korchnoi]]|SUI}}, 2610
# {{flagathlete|[[Lajos Portisch]]|HUN}}, 2610
# {{flagathlete|[[Jóhann Hjartarson]]|ISL}}, 2605
# {{flagathlete|[[Zbyněk Hráček]]|CZE}}, 2605
# {{flagathlete|[[Friso Nijboer]]|NED}}, 2605
# {{flagathlete|[[Curt Hansen (chess player)|Curt Hansen]]|DEN}}, 2600
# {{flagathlete|[[Grigory Kaidanov]]|USA}}, 2600
# {{flagathlete|[[Ivan Morovic]]|CHI}}, 2600
# {{flagathlete|[[Gilberto Milos]]|BRA}}, 2590
# {{flagathlete|[[Alexander Morozevich]]|RUS}}, 2590
# {{flagathlete|[[Emil Sutovsky]]|ISR}}, 2590
# {{flagathlete|[[Sergei Tiviakov]]|RUS}}, 2590
# {{flagathlete|[[Viktor Bologan]]|MDA}}, 2585
# {{flagathlete|[[Miguel Illescas]]|ESP}}, 2585
# {{flagathlete|[[Vasilios Kotronias]]|GRE}}, 2585
# {{flagathlete|[[Alexander Nenashev]]|UZB}}, 2585
# {{flagathlete|[[Andrei Sokolov]]|RUS}}, 2585
# {{flagathlete|[[Joel Benjamin]]|USA}}, 2580
# {{flagathlete|[[Boris Gulko]]|USA}}, 2580
# {{flagathlete|[[Kevin Spraggett]]|CAN}}, 2575
# {{flagathlete|[[Vladimir Epishin]]|RUS}}, 2570
# {{flagathlete|[[Stefan Kindermann]]|GER}}, 2570
# {{flagathlete|[[Konstantin Lerner]]|UKR}}, 2560
# {{flagathlete|[[Margeir Petursson]]|ISL}}, 2555
# {{flagathlete|[[Paul van der Sterren]]|NED}}, 2555
# {{flagathlete|[[Larry Christiansen]]|USA}}, 2550
# {{flagathlete|[[Andrei Istrățescu]]|ROM}}, 2550
# {{flagathlete|[[Roman Slobodjan]]|GER}}, 2550
# {{flagathlete|[[Ashot Anastasian]]|ARM}}, 2545
# {{flagathlete|[[Étienne Bacrot]]|FRA}}, 2545
# {{flagathlete|[[Bojan Kurajica]]|BIH}}, 2545
# {{flagathlete|[[Alexander Fominyh]]|RUS}}, 2535
# {{flagathlete|[[Hichem Hamdouchi]]|MAR}}, 2535
# {{flagathlete|[[Peng Xiaomin]]|CHN}}, 2530
# {{flagathlete|[[Peter Wells (chess player)|Peter Wells]]|ENG}}, 2530
# {{flagathlete|[[Gilberto Hernández Guerrero|Gilberto Hernandez]]|MEX}}, 2525
# {{flagathlete|[[Thomas Luther]]|GER}}, 2525
# {{flagathlete|[[John van der Wiel]]|NED}}, 2525
# {{flagathlete|[[Wang Zili]]|CHN}}, 2520
# {{flagathlete|[[Dibyendu Barua]]|IND}}, 2515
# {{flagathlete|[[Šarūnas Šulskis]]|LTU}}, 2510
# {{flagathlete|[[Igor Glek]]|RUS}}, 2505
# {{flagathlete|[[Igor Miladinović (chess player)|Igor Miladinović]]|GRE}}, 2500
# {{flagathlete|[[Tal Shaked]]|USA}}, 2500, [[International master|IM]]
# {{flagathlete|[[Niaz Murshed]]|BAN}}, 2490
# {{flagathlete|[[Gildardo Garcia]]|COL}}, 2480
# {{flagathlete|[[Vasily Smyslov]]|RUS}}, 2480
# {{flagathlete|[[Helgi Grétarsson]]|ISL}}, 2475
# {{flagathlete|[[Essam El-Gindy|Essam Mohammed]]<sup>2</sup>|EGY}}, 2460, IM<ref>{{cite web|url=https://theweekinchess.com/html/twic212.html|title=The Week in Chess 212}}</ref>
# {{flagathlete|[[Hendrik Hoeksema]]|NED}}, 2400, IM
# {{flagathlete|[[Watu Kobese]]|RSA}}, 2315, IM
# {{flagathlete|[[Alexander Umgaev]]|RUS}}, unrated, no title
}}

<sup>1</sup> Kramnik (ranked 2nd in the world) declined participation on the grounds that Karpov's direct entry into the final was unacceptable.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mark-weeks.com/chess/9798$cix.htm|title=World Chess Championship, 1997 FIDE Knockout Matches}}</ref>

<sup>2</sup> Mohammed did not appear.

[[Garry Kasparov]] (ranked 1st in the world), [[Gata Kamsky]] (ranked 7th), and [[Zsuzsa Polgar]] (Women's world champion) declined participation in advance.

Karpov as defending FIDE champion was seeded directly into the championship match. Of the 97 remaining participants, 68 entered the tournament in the first round, 28 in the second round and 1 (Gelfand, loser from Round 3 of the previous Candidates match) in the third round.

==Results, rounds 1-4==

===Section 1===
{{4RoundBracket-Byes
| RD3=Third round
| RD4=Fourth round
| RD1-seed03=40
| RD1-team03={{flagicon|GEO|1990}} '''[[Giorgy Giorgadze]]'''
| RD1-score03='''4'''
| RD1-seed04=78
| RD1-team04={{flagicon|FRA}} [[Étienne Bacrot]]
| RD1-score04=3
| RD1-seed05=27
| RD1-team05={{flagicon|LTU|1988}} '''[[Eduardas Rozentalis]]'''
| RD1-score05='''1½'''
| RD1-seed06=71
| RD1-team06={{flagicon|UKR}} [[Konstantin Lerner]]
| RD1-score06=½
| RD1-seed11=47
| RD1-team11={{flagicon|INA}} '''[[Utut Adianto]]'''
| RD1-score11='''2'''
| RD1-seed12=87
| RD1-team12={{flagicon|CHN}} [[Wang Zili]]
| RD1-score12=0
| RD2-seed01=9
| RD2-team01={{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Michael Adams (chess player)|Michael Adams]]'''
| RD2-score01='''2'''
| RD2-seed02=40
| RD2-team02={{flagicon|GEO|1990}} [[Giorgy Giorgadze]]
| RD2-score02=0
| RD2-seed03=27
| RD2-team03={{flagicon|LTU|1988}} [[Eduardas Rozentalis]]
| RD2-score03=½
| RD2-seed04=60
| RD2-team04={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Sergei Tiviakov]]'''
| RD2-score04='''1½'''
| RD2-seed05=19
| RD2-team05={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Peter Svidler]]'''
| RD2-score05='''1½'''
| RD2-seed06=47
| RD2-team06={{flagicon|INA}} [[Utut Adianto]]
| RD2-score06=½
| RD2-seed07=35
| RD2-team07={{flagicon|BIH|1992}} [[Ivan Sokolov (chess player)|Ivan Sokolov]]
| RD2-score07=1½
| RD2-seed08=69
| RD2-team08={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Vladimir Epishin]]'''
| RD2-score08='''2½'''
| RD3-seed01=9
| RD3-team01={{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Michael Adams (chess player)|Michael Adams]]'''
| RD3-score01='''1½'''
| RD3-seed02=60
| RD3-team02={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Sergei Tiviakov]]
| RD3-score02=½
| RD3-seed03=19
| RD3-team03={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Peter Svidler]]'''
| RD3-score03='''1½'''
| RD3-seed04=69
| RD3-team04={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Vladimir Epishin]]
| RD3-score04=½
| RD4-seed01=9
| RD4-team01={{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Michael Adams (chess player)|Michael Adams]]'''
| RD4-score01='''4'''
| RD4-seed02=19
| RD4-team02={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Peter Svidler]]
| RD4-score02=2
}}

===Section 2===
{{4RoundBracket-Byes
| RD3=Third round
| RD4=Fourth round
| RD1-seed07=54
| RD1-team07={{flagicon|DEN}} [[Curt Hansen (chess player)|Curt Hansen]]
| RD1-score07=1½
| RD1-seed08=91
| RD1-team08={{flagicon|GRE}} '''[[Igor Miladinović (chess player)|Igor Miladinović]]'''
| RD1-score08='''2½'''
| RD1-seed11=44
| RD1-team11={{flagicon|ISR}} '''[[Boris Alterman]]'''
| RD1-score11='''1½'''
| RD1-seed12=83
| RD1-team12={{flagicon|ENG}} [[Peter Wells (chess player)|Peter Wells]]|
| RD1-score12=½
| RD1-seed13=74
| RD1-team13={{flagicon|USA}} [[Larry Christiansen]]
| RD1-score13=4
| RD1-seed14=28
| RD1-team14={{flagicon|SWE}} '''[[Ulf Andersson]]'''
| RD1-score14='''5'''
| RD1-seed15=63
| RD1-team15={{flagicon|GRE}} [[Vasilios Kotronias]]
| RD1-score15=1½
| RD1-seed16=34
| RD1-team16={{flagicon|SUI}} '''[[Vadim Milov]]'''
| RD1-score16='''2½'''
| RD2-seed01=4
| RD2-team01={{flagicon|BUL}} [[Veselin Topalov]]
| RD2-score01=½
| RD2-seed02=38
| RD2-team02={{flagicon|NED}} '''[[Jeroen Piket]]'''
| RD2-score02='''1½'''
| RD2-seed03=21
| RD2-team03={{flagicon|NED}} '''[[Loek van Wely]]'''
| RD2-score03='''1½'''
| RD2-seed04=91
| RD2-team04={{flagicon|GRE}} [[Igor Miladinović (chess player)|Igor Miladinović]]
| RD2-score04=½
| RD2-seed05=12
| RD2-team05={{flagicon|BUL}} '''[[Kiril Georgiev]]'''
| RD2-score05='''2½'''
| RD2-seed06=44
| RD2-team06={{flagicon|ISR}} [[Boris Alterman]]
| RD2-score06=1½
| RD2-seed07=28
| RD2-team07={{flagicon|SWE}} [[Ulf Andersson]]
| RD2-score07=3
| RD2-seed08=34
| RD2-team08={{flagicon|SUI}} '''[[Vadim Milov]]'''
| RD2-score08='''4'''
| RD3-seed01=38
| RD3-team01={{flagicon|NED}} [[Jeroen Piket]]
| RD3-score01=2½
| RD3-seed02=21
| RD3-team02={{flagicon|NED}} '''[[Loek van Wely]]'''
| RD3-score02='''3½'''
| RD3-seed03=12
| RD3-team03={{flagicon|BUL}} '''[[Kiril Georgiev]]'''
| RD3-score03='''1½'''
| RD3-seed04=34
| RD3-team04={{flagicon|SUI}} [[Vadim Milov]]
| RD3-score04=½
| RD4-seed01=21
| RD4-team01={{flagicon|NED}} '''[[Loek van Wely]]'''
| RD4-score01='''1½'''
| RD4-seed02=12
| RD4-team02={{flagicon|BUL}} [[Kiril Georgiev]]
| RD4-score02=½
}}

===Section 3===
{{4RoundBracket-Byes
| RD3=Third round
| RD4=Fourth round
| RD1-seed05=23
| RD1-team05={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Sergei Rublevsky]]'''
| RD1-score05='''2'''
| RD1-seed06=68
| RD1-team06={{flagicon|CAN}} [[Kevin Spraggett]]
| RD1-score06=0
| RD1-seed07=92
| RD1-team07={{flagicon|ISR}} '''[[Tal Shaked]]'''
| RD1-score07='''3'''
| RD1-seed08=56
| RD1-team08={{flagicon|CHI}} [[Ivan Morovic]]
| RD1-score08=2
| RD1-seed11=49
| RD1-team11={{flagicon|SUI}} '''[[Viktor Korchnoi]]'''
| RD1-score11='''1½'''
| RD1-seed12=84
| RD1-team12={{flagicon|MEX}} [[Gilberto Hernández Guerrero|Gilberto Hernandez]]
| RD1-score12=½
| RD1-seed13=29
| RD1-team13={{flagicon|HUN}} [[Alexander Chernin]]
| RD1-score13=2
| RD1-seed14=75
| RD1-team14={{flagicon|FRA}} '''[[Andrei Istrățescu]]'''
| RD1-score14='''3'''
| RD1-seed15=65
| RD1-team15={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Andrei Sokolov]]'''
| RD1-score15='''1½'''
| RD1-seed16=99
| RD1-team16={{flagicon|RSA}} [[Watu Kobese]]
| RD1-score16=½
| RD2-seed01=6
| RD2-team01={{flagicon|SLO}} '''[[Alexander Beliavsky]]'''
| RD2-score01='''1½'''
| RD2-seed02=42
| RD2-team02={{flagicon|NED}} [[Jan Timman]]
| RD2-score02=½
| RD2-seed03=23
| RD2-team03={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Sergei Rublevsky]]'''
| RD2-score03='''1½'''
| RD2-seed04=92
| RD2-team04={{flagicon|ISR}} [[Tal Shaked]]
| RD2-score04=½
| RD2-seed05=18
| RD2-team05={{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Nigel Short]]'''
| RD2-score05='''3½'''
| RD2-seed06=49
| RD2-team06={{flagicon|SUI}} [[Viktor Korchnoi]]
| RD2-score06=2½
| RD2-seed07=75
| RD2-team07={{flagicon|FRA}} [[Andrei Istrățescu]]
| RD2-score07=0
| RD2-seed08=65
| RD2-team08={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Andrei Sokolov]]'''
| RD2-score08='''2'''
| RD3-seed01=6
| RD3-team01={{flagicon|SLO}} '''[[Alexander Beliavsky]]'''
| RD3-score01='''2½'''
| RD3-seed02=23
| RD3-team02={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Sergei Rublevsky]]
| RD3-score02=1½
| RD3-seed03=18
| RD3-team03={{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Nigel Short]]'''
| RD3-score03='''2'''
| RD3-seed04=65
| RD3-team04={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Andrei Sokolov]]
| RD3-score04=0
| RD4-seed01=6
| RD4-team01={{flagicon|SLO}} [[Alexander Beliavsky]]
| RD4-score01=1
| RD4-seed02=18
| RD4-team02={{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Nigel Short]]'''
| RD4-score02='''3'''
}}

===Section 4===
{{4RoundBracket-Byes
| RD3=Third round
| RD4=Fourth round
| RD1-seed03=76
| RD1-team03={{flagicon|GER}} '''[[Roman Slobodjan]]'''
| RD1-score03='''1½'''
| RD1-seed04=33
| RD1-team04={{flagicon|HUN}} [[Peter Leko]]
| RD1-score04=½
| RD1-seed05=16
| RD1-team05={{flagicon|BLR|1995}} '''[[Aleksej Alexandrov]]'''
| RD1-score05='''3'''
| RD1-seed06=67
| RD1-team06={{flagicon|USA}} [[Boris Gulko]]
| RD1-score06=2
| RD1-seed07=51
| RD1-team07={{flagicon|ISL}} '''[[Jóhann Hjartarson]]'''
| RD1-score07='''2½'''
| RD1-seed08=89
| RD1-team08={{flagicon|LTU|1988}}[[Šarūnas Šulskis]]
| RD1-score08=1½
| RD1-seed11=45
| RD1-team11={{flagicon|UKR}} '''[[Vladimir Malaniuk]]'''
| RD1-score11='''2'''
| RD1-seed12=81
| RD1-team12={{flagicon|MAR}}[[Hichem Hamdouchi]]
| RD1-score12=0
| RD1-seed13=25
| RD1-team13={{flagicon|POL}} '''[[Michal Krasenkov]]'''
| RD1-score13='''1½'''
| RD1-seed14=73
| RD1-team14={{flagicon|NED}} [[Paul van der Sterren]]
| RD1-score14=½
| RD1-seed15=59
| RD1-team15={{flagicon|ISR}} [[Emil Sutovsky]]
| RD1-score15=½
| RD1-seed16=94
| RD1-team16={{flagicon|COL}} '''[[Gildardo Garcia]]'''
| RD1-score16='''1½'''
| RD2-seed01=22
| RD2-team01={{flagicon|GEO|1990}} '''[[Zurab Azmaiparashvili]]'''
| RD2-score01='''2½'''
| RD2-seed02=76
| RD2-team02={{flagicon|GER}} [[Roman Slobodjan]]
| RD2-score02=1½
| RD2-seed03=16
| RD2-team03={{flagicon|BLR|1995}} '''[[Aleksej Alexandrov]]'''
| RD2-score03='''2½'''
| RD2-seed04=51
| RD2-team04={{flagicon|ISL}} [[Jóhann Hjartarson]]
| RD2-score04=1½
| RD2-seed05=11
| RD2-team05={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Yevgeny Bareev]]'''
| RD2-score05='''2'''
| RD2-seed06=45
| RD2-team06={{flagicon|UKR}} [[Vladimir Malaniuk]]
| RD2-score06=0
| RD2-seed07=25
| RD2-team07={{flagicon|POL}} '''[[Michal Krasenkov]]'''
| RD2-score07='''1½'''
| RD2-seed08=94
| RD2-team08={{flagicon|COL}} [[Gildardo Garcia]]
| RD2-score08=½
| RD3-seed01=22
| RD3-team01={{flagicon|GEO|1990}} '''[[Zurab Azmaiparashvili]]'''
| RD3-score01='''1½'''
| RD3-seed02=16
| RD3-team02={{flagicon|BLR|1995}} [[Aleksej Alexandrov]]
| RD3-score02=½
| RD3-seed03=11
| RD3-team03={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Yevgeny Bareev]]
| RD3-score03=½
| RD3-seed04=25
| RD3-team04={{flagicon|POL}} '''[[Michal Krasenkov]]'''
| RD3-score04='''1½'''
| RD4-seed01=22
| RD4-team01={{flagicon|GEO|1990}} [[Zurab Azmaiparashvili]]
| RD4-score01=3
| RD4-seed02=25
| RD4-team02={{flagicon|POL}} '''[[Michal Krasenkov]]'''
| RD4-score02='''4'''
}}

===Section 5===
{{4RoundBracket-Byes
| RD3=Third round
| RD4=Fourth round
| RD1-seed01=95
| RD1-team01={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Vasily Smyslov]]
| RD1-score01=0
| RD1-seed02=58
| RD1-team02={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Alexander Morozevich]]'''
| RD1-score02='''2'''
| RD1-seed03=72
| RD1-team03={{flagicon|ISL}} [[Margeir Petursson]]
| RD1-score03=½
| RD1-seed04=26
| RD1-team04={{flagicon|EST}} '''[[Lembit Oll]]'''
| RD1-score04='''1½'''
| RD1-seed05=80
| RD1-team05={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Alexander Fominyh]]
| RD1-score05=½
| RD1-seed06=46
| RD1-team06={{flagicon|KAZ}} '''[[Vladislav Tkachiev]]'''
| RD1-score06='''1½'''
| RD1-seed09=88
| RD1-team09={{flagicon|IND}} [[Dibyendu Barua]]
| RD1-score09=2
| RD1-seed10=52
| RD1-team10={{flagicon|CZE}} '''[[Zbyněk Hráček]]'''
| RD1-score10='''3'''
| RD2-seed01=58
| RD2-team01={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Alexander Morozevich]]
| RD2-score01=½
| RD2-seed02=26
| RD2-team02={{flagicon|EST}} '''[[Lembit Oll]]'''
| RD2-score02='''1½'''
| RD2-seed03=46
| RD2-team03={{flagicon|KAZ}} '''[[Vladislav Tkachiev]]'''
| RD2-score03='''3'''
| RD2-seed04=10
| RD2-team04={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Valery Salov]]
| RD2-score04=1
| RD2-seed05=52
| RD2-team05={{flagicon|CZE}} [[Zbyněk Hráček]]
| RD2-score05=½
| RD2-seed06=17
| RD2-team06={{flagicon|FRA}} '''[[Joël Lautier]]'''
| RD2-score06='''1½'''
| RD3-seed01=26
| RD3-team01={{flagicon|EST}} [[Lembit Oll]]
| RD3-score01=1½
| RD3-seed02=46
| RD3-team02={{flagicon|KAZ}} '''[[Vladislav Tkachiev]]'''
| RD3-score02='''2½'''
| RD3-seed03=17
| RD3-team03={{flagicon|FRA}} [[Joël Lautier]]
| RD3-score03=2
| RD3-seed04=8
| RD3-team04={{flagicon|BLR|1995}}'''[[Boris Gelfand]]'''
| RD3-score04='''4'''
| RD4-seed01=46
| RD4-team01={{flagicon|KAZ}} [[Vladislav Tkachiev]]
| RD4-score01=2½
| RD4-seed02=8
| RD4-team02={{flagicon|BLR|1995}} '''[[Boris Gelfand]]'''
| RD4-score02='''3½'''
}}

===Section 6===
{{4RoundBracket-Byes
| RD3=Third round
| RD4=Fourth round
| RD1-seed01=98
| RD1-team01={{flagicon|NED}} [[Hendrik Hoeksema]]
| RD1-score01=½
| RD1-seed02=64
| RD1-team02={{flagicon|UZB}} '''[[Alexander Nenashev]]'''
| RD1-score02='''1½'''
| RD1-seed05=86
| RD1-team05={{flagicon|NED}} [[John van der Wiel]]
| RD1-score05=½
| RD1-seed06=48
| RD1-team06={{flagicon|EST}} '''[[Jaan Ehlvest]]'''
| RD1-score06='''1½'''
| RD1-seed11=66
| RD1-team11={{flagicon|USA}} [[Joel Benjamin]]
| RD1-score11=2
| RD1-seed12=36
| RD1-team12={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Vadim Zvjaginsev]]'''
| RD1-score12='''3'''
| RD1-seed13=39
| RD1-team13={{flagicon|USA}} '''[[Yasser Seirawan]]'''
| RD1-score13='''3'''
| RD1-seed14=77
| RD1-team14={{flagicon|ARM}} [[Ashot Anastasian]]
| RD1-score14=1
| RD2-seed01=64
| RD2-team01={{flagicon|UZB}} [[Alexander Nenashev]]
| RD2-score01=½
| RD2-seed02=30
| RD2-team02={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Alexey Dreev]]'''
| RD2-score02='''1½'''
| RD2-seed03=48
| RD2-team03={{flagicon|EST}} [[Jaan Ehlvest]]
| RD2-score03=2
| RD2-seed04=14
| RD2-team04={{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Matthew Sadler]]'''
| RD2-score04='''4'''
| RD2-seed05=55
| RD2-team05={{flagicon|USA}} [[Grigory Kaidanov]]
| RD2-score05=2
| RD2-seed06=36
| RD2-team06={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Vadim Zvjaginsev]]'''
| RD2-score06='''4'''
| RD2-seed07=39
| RD2-team07={{flagicon|USA}} '''[[Yasser Seirawan]]'''
| RD2-score07='''1½'''
| RD2-seed08=5
| RD2-team08={{flagicon|UKR}} [[Vassily Ivanchuk]]
| RD2-score08=½
| RD3-seed01=30
| RD3-team01={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Alexey Dreev]]'''
| RD3-score01='''1½'''
| RD3-seed02=14
| RD3-team02={{flagicon|ENG}} [[Matthew Sadler]]
| RD3-score02=½
| RD3-seed03=36
| RD3-team03={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Vadim Zvjaginsev]]'''
| RD3-score03='''2½'''
| RD3-seed04=39
| RD3-team04={{flagicon|USA}} [[Yasser Seirawan]]
| RD3-score04=1½
| RD4-seed01=30
| RD4-team01={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Alexey Dreev]]'''
| RD4-score01='''3'''
| RD4-seed02=36
| RD4-team02={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Vadim Zvjaginsev]]
| RD4-score02=1
}}

===Section 7===
{{4RoundBracket-Byes
| RD3=Third round
| RD4=Fourth round
| RD1-seed01=96
| RD1-team01={{flagicon|ISL}} '''[[Helgi Grétarsson]]'''
| RD1-score01='''1½'''
| RD1-seed02=62
| RD1-team02={{flagicon|ESP}} [[Miguel Illescas]]
| RD1-score02=½
| RD1-seed05=82
| RD1-team05={{flagicon|CHN}} [[Peng Xiaomin]]
| RD1-score05=½
| RD1-seed06=43
| RD1-team06={{flagicon|HUN}} '''[[Zoltán Almási]]'''
| RD1-score06='''1½'''
| RD1-seed09=90
| RD1-team09={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Igor Glek]]
| RD1-score09=1½
| RD1-seed10=53
| RD1-team10={{flagicon|NED}} '''[[Friso Nijboer]]'''
| RD1-score10='''2½'''
| RD2-seed01=96
| RD2-team01={{flagicon|ISL}} [[Helgi Grétarsson]]
| RD2-score01=½
| RD2-seed02=32
| RD2-team02={{flagicon|GER}} '''[[Artur Yusupov (chess player)|Artur Yusupov]]'''
| RD2-score02='''1½'''
| RD2-seed03=43
| RD2-team03={{flagicon|HUN}} '''[[Zoltán Almási]]'''
| RD2-score03='''1½'''
| RD2-seed04=13
| RD2-team04={{flagicon|HUN}} [[Judit Polgár]]
| RD2-score04=½
| RD2-seed05=53
| RD2-team05={{flagicon|NED}} [[Friso Nijboer]]
| RD2-score05=0
| RD2-seed06=20
| RD2-team06={{flagicon|RUS}} '''[[Alexander Khalifman]]'''
| RD2-score06='''2'''
| RD2-seed07=37
| RD2-team07={{flagicon|BIH|1992}} [[Predrag Nikolić]]
| RD2-score07=0
| RD2-seed08=2
| RD2-team08={{flagicon|IND}} '''[[Viswanathan Anand]]'''
| RD2-score08='''2'''
| RD3-seed01=32
| RD3-team01={{flagicon|GER}} [[Artur Yusupov (chess player)|Artur Yusupov]]
| RD3-score01=½
| RD3-seed02=43
| RD3-team02={{flagicon|HUN}} '''[[Zoltán Almási]]'''
| RD3-score02='''1½'''
| RD3-seed03=20
| RD3-team03={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Alexander Khalifman]]
| RD3-score03=2½
| RD3-seed04=2
| RD3-team04={{flagicon|IND}} '''[[Viswanathan Anand]]'''
| RD3-score04='''3½'''
| RD4-seed01=43
| RD4-team01={{flagicon|HUN}} [[Zoltán Almási]]
| RD4-score01=0
| RD4-seed02=2
| RD4-team02={{flagicon|IND}} '''[[Viswanathan Anand]]'''
| RD4-score02='''2'''
}}

===Section 8===
{{4RoundBracket-Byes
| RD3=Third round
| RD4=Fourth round
| RD1-seed01=100
| RD1-team01={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Alexander Umgaev]]
| RD1-score01=0
| RD1-seed02=61
| RD1-team02={{flagicon|MDA}} '''[[Viktor Bologan]]'''
| RD1-score02='''2'''
| RD1-seed05=85
| RD1-team05={{flagicon|GER}} '''[[Thomas Luther]]'''
| RD1-score05='''3½'''
| RD1-seed06=50
| RD1-team06={{flagicon|HUN}} [[Lajos Portisch]]
| RD1-score06=2½
| RD1-seed09=57
| RD1-team09={{flagicon|BRA}} '''[[Gilberto Milos]]'''
| RD1-score09='''2'''
| RD1-seed10=93
| RD1-team10={{flagicon|BAN}} [[Niaz Murshed]]
| RD1-score10=0
| RD1-seed11=70
| RD1-team11={{flagicon|GER}} '''[[Stefan Kindermann]]'''
| RD1-score11='''3'''
| RD1-seed12=24
| RD1-team12={{flagicon|USA}} [[Alex Yermolinsky]]
| RD1-score12=2
| RD1-seed13=79
| RD1-team13={{flagicon|BIH|1992}} [[Bojan Kurajica]]
| RD1-score13=1½
| RD1-seed14=41
| RD1-team14={{flagicon|PER}} '''[[Julio Granda]]'''
| RD1-score14='''2½'''
| RD2-seed01=61
| RD2-team01={{flagicon|MDA}} [[Viktor Bologan]]
| RD2-score01=0
| RD2-seed02=31
| RD2-team02={{flagicon|ARM}} '''[[Rafael Vaganian]]'''
| RD2-score02='''2'''
| RD2-seed03=85
| RD2-team03={{flagicon|GER}} [[Thomas Luther]]
| RD2-score03=½
| RD2-seed04=15
| RD2-team04={{flagicon|ARM}} '''[[Vladimir Akopian]]'''
| RD2-score04='''1½'''
| RD2-seed05=57
| RD2-team05={{flagicon|BRA}} '''[[Gilberto Milos]]'''
| RD2-score05='''2'''
| RD2-seed06=70
| RD2-team06={{flagicon|GER}} [[Stefan Kindermann]]
| RD2-score06=0
| RD2-seed07=41
| RD2-team07={{flagicon|PER}} [[Julio Granda]]
| RD2-score07=½
| RD2-seed08=7
| RD2-team08={{flagicon|ESP}} '''[[Alexei Shirov]]'''
| RD2-score08='''1½'''
| RD3-seed01=31
| RD3-team01={{flagicon|ARM}} [[Rafael Vaganian]]
| RD3-score01=3
| RD3-seed02=15
| RD3-team02={{flagicon|ARM}} '''[[Vladimir Akopian]]'''
| RD3-score02='''4'''
| RD3-seed03=57
| RD3-team03={{flagicon|BRA}} [[Gilberto Milos]]
| RD3-score03=1½
| RD3-seed04=7
| RD3-team04={{flagicon|ESP}} '''[[Alexei Shirov]]'''
| RD3-score04='''2½'''
| RD4-seed01=15
| RD4-team01={{flagicon|ARM}} [[Vladimir Akopian]]
| RD4-score01=½
| RD4-seed02=7
| RD4-team02={{flagicon|ESP}} '''[[Alexei Shirov]]'''
| RD4-score02='''1½'''
}}

==Results, rounds 5–7==
{{8TeamBracket
| RD3=Final
| RD1-seed1=9
| RD1-team1={{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Michael Adams (chess player)|Michael Adams]]'''
| RD1-score1='''2½'''
| RD1-seed2=21
| RD1-team2={{flagicon|NED}} [[Loek van Wely]]
| RD1-score2=1½
| RD1-seed3=18
| RD1-team3={{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Nigel Short]]'''
| RD1-score3='''2'''
| RD1-seed4=25
| RD1-team4={{flagicon|POL}} [[Michal Krasenkov]]
| RD1-score4=0
| RD1-seed5=8
| RD1-team5={{flagicon|BLR|1995}} '''[[Boris Gelfand]]'''
| RD1-score5='''2½'''
| RD1-seed6=30
| RD1-team6={{flagicon|RUS}} [[Alexey Dreev]]
| RD1-score6=1½
| RD1-seed7=2
| RD1-team7={{flagicon|IND}} '''[[Viswanathan Anand]]'''
| RD1-score7='''1½'''
| RD1-seed8=7
| RD1-team8={{flagicon|ESP}} [[Alexei Shirov]]
| RD1-score8=½
| RD2-seed1=9
| RD2-team1={{flagicon|ENG}} '''[[Michael Adams (chess player)|Michael Adams]]'''
| RD2-score1='''4'''
| RD2-seed2=18
| RD2-team2={{flagicon|ENG}} [[Nigel Short]]
| RD2-score2=3
| RD2-seed3=8
| RD2-team3={{flagicon|BLR|1995}} [[Boris Gelfand]]
| RD2-score3=½
| RD2-seed4=2
| RD2-team4={{flagicon|IND}} '''[[Viswanathan Anand]]'''
| RD2-score4='''1½'''
| RD3-seed1=9
| RD3-team1={{flagicon|ENG}} [[Michael Adams (chess player)|Michael Adams]]
| RD3-score1=4
| RD3-seed2=2
| RD3-team2={{flagicon|IND}} '''[[Viswanathan Anand]]'''
| RD3-score2='''5'''
}}

==Championship match==

The match was played over 6 games in [[Lausanne]], Switzerland (on January 2-3-4 and 6-7-8) and ended in a 3–3 tie. Two rapid games were then played on January 9. Karpov won both, retaining his FIDE title.

:{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|+World Chess Championship Match 1998
|-
! !! Rating !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! R1 !! R2 !! Points
|-
| align=left | {{flagathlete|'''[[Anatoly Karpov]]'''|Russia}} || '''2735'''
| 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 || ½ ||style="background:black; color:white"| 0 || 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| 1 || '''5'''
|-
| align=left | {{flagathlete|[[Viswanathan Anand]]|India}} || 2770
|style="background:black; color:white"| 0 || 1 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || 0 ||style="background:black; color:white"| ½ || 1 || style="background:black; color:white"| 0 || 0 || 3
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*Mark Weeks: [http://www.mark-weeks.com/chess/9798$cix.htm Groningen] [http://www.mark-weeks.com/chess/9798$wix.htm Lausanne]
*[http://www.brasilbase.pro.br/rot1997w.htm Brasilbase]

{{Chess}}
{{World Chess Championships|state=expanded}}

[[Category:World Chess Championships|1998]]
[[Category:1997 in chess]]
[[Category:1998 in chess]]
[[Category:Chess in the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Chess in Switzerland]]
[[Category:Sport in Lausanne]]
[[Category:1997 in Dutch sport]]
[[Category:1998 in Swiss sport]]