閉塞: difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Content deleted Content added
m →Mandarin: bot: bypassing template redirects, minor spacing |
|||
| (40 intermediate revisions by 17 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{also|闭塞}} |
|||
==Mandarin== |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
==Chinese== |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
||
{{zh-pron |
|||
* {{IPA|[ pi˥˩sə˥˩ ]|lang=cmn}} |
|||
|m=bìsè |
|||
|c=bai3 sak1 |
|||
|h=pfs=pi-set |
|||
|mn=xm,zz:pì-sek/qz:pì-sak |
|||
|ma=Zh-bìsè.ogg |
|||
|cat=v,a |
|||
}} |
|||
===Verb=== |
|||
{{zh-verb}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
====Synonyms==== |
|||
{{syn-saurus|zh|阻礙}} |
|||
====Antonyms==== |
|||
{{ant-saurus|zh|阻礙}} |
|||
===Noun=== |
|||
{{head|zh|noun}} |
|||
# {{lb|zh|rail}} [[block system]]; {{wasei kango|閉%塞|へい%そく|[[blockade]]}} |
|||
===Adjective=== |
===Adjective=== |
||
{{head|zh|adjective}} |
|||
{{cmn-adj|t|pin=bìsè|pint=bi4se4|tra=閉塞|sim=闭塞|rs=門03}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
# [[unenlightened]]; [[uninformed]]; [[conservative]] |
|||
====Synonyms==== |
|||
* {{s|hard to get to}} |
|||
{{syn-saurus|zh|遙遠}} |
|||
* {{s|unenlightened}} |
|||
{{syn-saurus|zh|守舊}} |
|||
====Antonyms==== |
|||
* {{as|unenlightened}} |
|||
{{syn-saurus|zh|開明}} |
|||
{{cat|cmn|Advanced Mandarin}} |
|||
==Japanese== |
|||
{{ja-kanjitab|へい|そく|yomi=o}} |
|||
===Alternative forms=== |
|||
* {{l/ja|閉そく}} |
|||
===Noun=== |
|||
{{ja-noun|へいそく}} |
|||
# [[blockage]] |
|||
# [[blockade]] |
|||
====Related terms==== |
|||
* {{ja-r|閉塞感|へいそくかん}} |
|||
===Verb=== |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
{{ja-verb-suru|へいそく}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
# {{Advanced Mandarin|lang=zh-tw|skey=門03}} [[unenlightened]]; [[uninformed]] |
|||
# to [[obstruct]] |
|||
===References=== |
|||
# to [[blockade]] |
|||
* {{reference-book | last = Wu | first = Jingrong (ed.) | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = 1985 | title = The Pinyin CHINESE-ENGLISH DICTIONARY | language = Mandarin/English | publisher = The Commercial Press | location = Beijing, Hong Kong | id = ISBN 0471867969}} |
|||
* {{reference-book | last = Shao | first = Jingmin (ed.) | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = 2000 | title = HSK Dictionary (HSK汉语水平考试词典) | language = Mandarin/English | publisher = Huadong Teachers College Publishers | location = Shanghai | id = ISBN 7561720785}} |
|||
====Conjugation==== |
|||
[[ko:閉塞]] |
|||
{{ja-suru|へいそく}} |
|||
[[zh:閉塞]] |
|||
Latest revision as of 18:12, 26 June 2024
See also: 闭塞
Chinese
[edit]to close; stop up; shut to close; stop up; shut; obstruct |
to stuff; to stop up; to squeeze in to stuff; to stop up; to squeeze in; strategic pass; piston; unenlightened; Serb (abbrev.); Serbian | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (閉塞) | 閉 | 塞 | |
| simp. (闭塞) | 闭 | 塞 | |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): bai3 sak1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pi-set
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pì-sek / pì-sak
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ ㄙㄜˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bìsè
- Wade–Giles: pi4-sê4
- Yale: bì-sè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bihseh
- Palladius: бисэ (bisɛ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi⁵¹⁻⁵³ sɤ⁵¹/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 蔽塞
閉塞／闭塞
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: bai3 sak1
- Yale: bai sāk
- Cantonese Pinyin: bai3 sak7
- Guangdong Romanization: bei3 seg1
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɐi̯³³ sɐk̚⁵/
- Homophones:
蔽塞
閉塞／闭塞
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pi-set
- Hakka Romanization System: bi sedˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: bi4 sed5
- Sinological IPA: /pi⁵⁵ set̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pì-sek
- Tâi-lô: pì-sik
- Phofsit Daibuun: pieseg
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pi²¹⁻⁵³ siɪk̚³²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pì-sak
- Tâi-lô: pì-sak
- Phofsit Daibuun: piesag
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sak̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
Verb
[edit]閉塞
Synonyms
[edit]- 不通 (bùtōng)
- 堵塞
- 堵截 (dǔjié)
- 堵窒 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 妨礙／妨碍 (fáng'ài)
- 徑杈／径杈 (Hakka)
- 截 (jié)
- 掛礙／挂碍 (guà'ài)
- 擋／挡
- 擋住／挡住 (dǎngzhù)
- 攔／拦 (lán)
- 攔住／拦住 (lánzhù)
- 攔截／拦截 (lánjié)
- 攔擋／拦挡 (lándǎng)
- 攔閘／拦闸 (Hokkien)
- 攔阻／拦阻 (lánzǔ)
- 有礙／有碍 (yǒu'ài)
- 梗塞
- 滯滯／滞滞 (Hokkien)
- 滯礙／滞碍 (zhì'ài)
- 礙噠／碍哒 (ngai5 da) (Xiang)
- 窒礙／窒碍 (zhì'ài) (literary)
- 蔽塞 (bìsè) (literary)
- 蔽障 (bìzhàng)
- 遮 (literary, or in compounds)
- 邀 (yāo)
- 阻住 (zo2 zyu6) (Cantonese)
- 阻塞
- 阻撓／阻挠 (zǔnáo)
- 阻擋／阻挡 (zǔdǎng)
- 阻攔／阻拦 (zǔlán)
- 阻滯／阻滞 (zǔzhì)
- 阻礙／阻碍 (zǔ'ài)
- 阻窒 (Hokkien)
- 障礙／障碍 (zhàng'ài)
Antonyms
[edit]Noun
[edit]閉塞
- (rail transport) block system; Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 閉塞 (heisoku, “blockade”)
Adjective
[edit]閉塞
Synonyms
[edit]- (hard to get to):
- (unenlightened):
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “unenlightened”):
Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 閉 | 塞 |
| へい Grade: 6 |
そく Grade: S |
| on'yomi | |
Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- 閉塞感 (heisokukan)
Verb
[edit]閉塞する • (heisoku suru) suru (stem 閉塞し (heisoku shi), past 閉塞した (heisoku shita))
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "閉塞する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 閉塞し | へいそくし | heisoku shi | |
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 閉塞し | へいそくし | heisoku shi | |
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | 閉塞する | へいそくする | heisoku suru | |
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | 閉塞する | へいそくする | heisoku suru | |
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 閉塞すれ | へいそくすれ | heisoku sure | |
| Meireikei ("imperative") | 閉塞せよ¹ 閉塞しろ² |
へいそくせよ¹ へいそくしろ² |
heisoku seyo¹ heisoku shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 閉塞される | へいそくされる | heisoku sareru | |
| Causative | 閉塞させる 閉塞さす |
へいそくさせる へいそくさす |
heisoku saseru heisoku sasu | |
| Potential | 閉塞できる | へいそくできる | heisoku dekiru | |
| Volitional | 閉塞しよう | へいそくしよう | heisoku shiyō | |
| Negative | 閉塞しない | へいそくしない | heisoku shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 閉塞せず | へいそくせず | heisoku sezu | |
| Formal | 閉塞します | へいそくします | heisoku shimasu | |
| Perfective | 閉塞した | へいそくした | heisoku shita | |
| Conjunctive | 閉塞して | へいそくして | heisoku shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 閉塞すれば | へいそくすれば | heisoku sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
Categories:
- Mandarin terms with audio pronunciation
- Mandarin terms with homophones
- Cantonese terms with homophones
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 閉
- Chinese terms spelled with 塞
- Chinese nouns
- zh:Rail transportation
- Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese
- Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese
- Chinese terms derived from Japanese
- Wasei kango
- Chinese terms borrowed back into Chinese
- Advanced Mandarin
- Japanese terms spelled with 閉 read as へい
- Japanese terms spelled with 塞 read as そく
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese suru verbs