trucar: difference between revisions
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==Catalan== |
==Catalan== |
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===Etymology=== |
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{{inh+|ca|VL.|*trudico|*trūdicāre}}.<ref>{{R:FEW|13|vol_part=2|329|*trūdicare}}</ref> |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{ |
* {{ca-IPA}} |
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* {{rhyme|ca|a(ɾ)|s=2}} |
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* {{hmp|ca|trocar|qq1=Central Catalan|trucà|qq2=except Valencian}} |
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===Verb=== |
===Verb=== |
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{{ca-verb}} |
{{ca-verb}} |
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# to [[ |
# to [[hit]] |
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#: {{syn|ca|tustar}} |
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# to [[knock]], to [[ring]] {{gl|at the door}} |
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# to [[call]], to [[ring]] on the telephone |
# to [[call]], to [[ring]] on the telephone |
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====Conjugation==== |
====Conjugation==== |
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{{ca-conj |
{{ca-conj}} |
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==== |
====Derived terms==== |
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{{der3|ca|truc|truca|trucada}} |
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===References=== |
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{{reflist}} |
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===Further reading=== |
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---- |
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* {{R:ca:DCVB}} |
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* {{R:ca:GDLC}} |
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==Galician== |
==Galician== |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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Perhaps from {{bor|gl|pro|trucar}}, |
Perhaps from {{bor|gl|pro|trucar}},<ref>{{R:es:DCECH|trocar}}</ref> from {{der|gl|VL.|*trudico|*trūdicāre}}. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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{{gl-pr}} |
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* {{IPA|/tɾuˈkaɾ/|lang=gl}} |
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* {{hyph|gl|tru|car}} |
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===Verb=== |
===Verb=== |
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{{gl-verb |
{{gl-verb}} |
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# to [[bang]] [[head]] with [[head]] {{ |
# to [[bang]] [[head]] with [[head]] {{gl|for example, the rams during a fight}} |
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# to [[knock]] |
# to [[knock]] |
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# to [[charge]] |
# to [[charge]] |
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====Conjugation==== |
====Conjugation==== |
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{{gl-conj |
{{gl-conj}} |
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{{gl-reinteg-conj}} |
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====Synonyms==== |
====Synonyms==== |
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* {{l|gl|retrucar}} |
* {{l|gl|retrucar}} |
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* {{l|gl|trucada}} |
* {{l|gl|trucada}} |
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====Related terms==== |
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* {{l|gl|truque}} |
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===References=== |
===References=== |
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* {{R:DDLG}} |
* {{R:gl:DDLG}} |
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* {{R: |
* {{R:gl:DRAG}} |
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* {{R:gl:TILG}} |
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* {{R:gl:Estraviz}} |
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* {{R:TLPGP}} |
* {{R:TLPGP}} |
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<references/> |
<references/> |
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---- |
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==Occitan== |
==Occitan== |
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===Etymology=== |
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{{etymon|oc|inh|pro>trucar>to hit|text=++|id=to hit}} |
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===Pronunciation=== |
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* {{audio|oc|LL-Q14185 (oci)-Davidgrosclaude-trucar.wav}} |
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===Verb=== |
===Verb=== |
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====Conjugation==== |
====Conjugation==== |
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{{ |
{{oc-conj-ar|truc|truqu}} |
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====Synonyms==== |
====Synonyms==== |
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* {{l|oc|tustar}} |
* {{l|oc|tustar}} |
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==Old Occitan== |
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---- |
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===Etymology 1=== |
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{{etymon|pro|inh|VL.>*trūdicāre>to shove|text=++|id=to hit}} |
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====Verb==== |
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{{head|pro|verb}} |
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# to [[hit]]; to [[strike]] |
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=====Derived terms===== |
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{{col-auto|pro|truc}} |
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=====Descendants===== |
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* {{desc|oc|trucar}} |
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===Etymology 2=== |
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====Verb==== |
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{{head|pro|verb}} |
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# to [[trade]]; to [[exchange]] |
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=====Derived terms===== |
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{{col-auto|pro|truca}} |
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===References=== |
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* {{R:pro:DOM|6gNHFcEOjH0Rkay3EfAShG}} |
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* {{R:pro:DOM|5yJMCL4se7neyl4lx4PDqd|entry=trucar2}} |
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==Portuguese== |
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===Pronunciation=== |
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{{pt-IPA}} |
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===Etymology 1=== |
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From {{af|pt|truco|-ar}}. |
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====Verb==== |
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{{pt-verb}} |
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# {{lb|pt|intransitive|card games}} to [[make]] the first [[bid]] in the game of [[Truco]] |
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=====Conjugation===== |
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{{pt-conj}} |
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=====Related terms===== |
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* {{l|pt|truque}} |
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====References==== |
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* {{R:pt:Priberam}} |
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* {{R:pt:Michaelis}} |
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===Etymology 2=== |
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From {{af|pt|truca|-ar}}. |
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====Verb==== |
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{{pt-verb}} |
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# {{lb|pt|intransitive|film}} to do [[trick]] [[photography]] |
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=====Conjugation===== |
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{{pt-conj}} |
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====References==== |
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* {{R:pt:Michaelis}} |
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==Spanish== |
==Spanish== |
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===Alternative forms=== |
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* {{alt|es|truquear||Ecuador|Nicaragua|Peru|Puerto Rico}} |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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From {{ |
From {{af|es|truco|-ar}}. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
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{{es-pr}} |
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===Verb=== |
===Verb=== |
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{{es-verb |
{{es-verb}} |
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# to [[tune up]], [[soup up]] {{gloss|modify a motor vehicle}} |
# to [[tune up]], [[soup up]] {{gloss|modify a motor vehicle}} |
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# to [[rig]] |
# to [[rig]] |
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# {{lb|es|reflexive|LGBT|of a [[drag queen]], [[trans woman]], etc.}} to [[tuck]] {{gloss|to conceal one’s penis and testicles}}<ref>{{cite-web|es|title=Cómo trucarse: Guía para las mujeres trans, las personas trans femeninas y las personas a las que se asignó sexo masculino al nacer|titleurl=https://translifeline.org/es/como-trucarse-guia-para-las-mujeres-trans-las-personas-trans-femeninas-y-las-personas-a-las-que-se-asigno-sexo-masculino-al-nacer|work={{w|Trans Lifeline}}|accessdate=27 January 2024}}</ref> |
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====Conjugation==== |
====Conjugation==== |
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{{es-conj |
{{es-conj}} |
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====Derived terms==== |
====Derived terms==== |
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{{col-auto|es|trucaje}} |
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===References=== |
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<references /> |
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===Further reading=== |
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* {{R:es:DRAE}} |
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{{c|es|Transgender}} |
Latest revision as of 23:14, 2 October 2024
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): (Central, Balearic) [tɾuˈka]
- IPA(key): (Valencia) [tɾuˈkaɾ]
- Rhymes: -a(ɾ)
- Homophones: trocar (Central Catalan), trucà (except Valencian)
Verb
[edit]trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truquí, past participle trucat)
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | trucar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | trucant | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | trucat | trucada | |||||
plural | trucats | trucades | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | truco | truques | truca | truquem | truqueu | truquen | |
imperfect | trucava | trucaves | trucava | trucàvem | trucàveu | trucaven | |
future | trucaré | trucaràs | trucarà | trucarem | trucareu | trucaran | |
preterite | truquí | trucares | trucà | trucàrem | trucàreu | trucaren | |
conditional | trucaria | trucaries | trucaria | trucaríem | trucaríeu | trucarien | |
subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
present | truqui | truquis | truqui | truquem | truqueu | truquin | |
imperfect | truqués | truquessis | truqués | truquéssim | truquéssiu | truquessin | |
imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
affirmative | — | truca | truqui | truquem | truqueu | truquin | |
negative (no) | — | no truquis | no truqui | no truquem | no truqueu | no truquin |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “*trūdicare”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 13: To–Tyrus, page 329
Further reading
[edit]- “trucar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
- “trucar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
Galician
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Perhaps from Old Occitan trucar,[1] from Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truquei, past participle trucado)
- to bang head with head (for example, the rams during a fight)
- to knock
- to charge
- (figurative) to argue
Conjugation
[edit]1Less recommended.
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “trucar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “trucar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “trucar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- “trucar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “trucar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1983–1991) “trocar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Occitan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Old Occitan trucar, from Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre, from Latin trūdō + -icō.
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]trucar
Conjugation
[edit]simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | trucar | aver trucat | |||||
gerund | trucant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | trucat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | truqui | trucas | truca | trucam | trucatz | trucan | |
imperfect | trucavi | trucavas | trucava | trucàvem | trucàvetz | trucavan | |
preterite | truquèri | truquères | truquèt | truquèrem | truquèretz | truquèron | |
future | trucarai | trucaràs | trucarà | trucarem | trucaretz | trucaràn | |
conditional | trucariái | trucariás | trucariá | trucariam | trucariatz | trucarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | truquèra | truquèras | truquèra | truqueram | truqueratz | truquèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | truque | truques | truque | truquem | truquetz | truquen | |
imperfect | truquèssi | truquèsses | truquèsse | truquèssem | truquèssetz | truquèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
truca | truquem | trucatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | trucar | aver trucat | |||||
gerund | trucant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | trucat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | truque | truques | truca | trucam | trucatz | trucon | |
imperfect | trucave | trucaves | trucava | trucaviam | trucaviatz | trucavon | |
preterite | truquere | truqueres | truquet | truquem | truquetz | truqueron | |
future | trucarai | trucaràs | trucará | trucarem | trucaretz | trucarán | |
conditional | trucariá | trucariás | trucariá | trucariam | trucariatz | trucarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | truquèra | truquèras | truquèra | truqueram | truqueratz | truquèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | truque | truques | truque | trucassiam | trucassiatz | trucon | |
imperfect | truquesse | truquesses | truquesse | truquessiam | truquessiatz | truquesson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
truca | trucassiam | trucatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | trucar | aver trucat | |||||
gerund | trucant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | trucat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | truqui | trucas | truca | trucam | trucatz | trucan | |
imperfect | trucavi | trucavas | trucava | trucàvam | trucàvatz | trucavan | |
preterite | truquèi | truquès | truquè | truquèm | truquètz | truquèn | |
future | trucarèi | trucaràs | trucarà | trucaram | trucaratz | trucaràn | |
conditional | trucarí | trucarés | trucaré | trucarem | trucaretz | trucarén | |
conditional 2nd form1 | truquèra | truquèras | truquèra | truqueram | truqueratz | truquèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | truqui | truques | truque | truquem | truquetz | truquen | |
imperfect | truquèssi | truquèsses | truquèsse | truquèssem | truquèssetz | truquèssen | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
truca | truquem | trucatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | trucar | aver trucat | |||||
gerund | trucant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | trucat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | truque | trucas | truca | trucam | trucatz | trucan | |
imperfect | trucava | trucavas | trucava | trucàvam | trucàvatz | trucavan | |
preterite | truquei | truqueras | truquet | truquèram | truquèratz | truqueran | |
future | trucarai | trucaràs | trucará | trucarem | trucaretz | trucarán | |
conditional | trucariá | trucariàs | trucariá | trucariam | trucariatz | trucarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | truquèra | truquèras | truquèra | truqueram | truqueratz | truquèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | truque | truques | truque | truquem | truquetz | truquen | |
imperfect | truquèsse | truquèsses | truquèsse | truquèssem | truquèssetz | truquèssen | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
truca | truquem | trucatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | trucar | aver trucat | |||||
gerund | trucant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | trucat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | truque | truques | truca | trucam | trucatz | trucan | |
imperfect | trucavi | trucavas | trucava | trucàvem | trucàvetz | trucavan | |
preterite | truquère | truquères | truquèt | truqueriam | truqueriatz | truquèron | |
future | trucarai | trucaràs | trucarà | trucarem | trucaretz | trucaràn | |
conditional | trucariáu | trucariás | trucariá | trucariam | trucariatz | trucarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | truquèra | truquèras | truquèra | truqueram | truqueratz | truquèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | truque | truques | truque | truquem | truquetz | trucan | |
imperfect | truquèsse | truquèsses | truquèsse | truquessiam | truquessiatz | truquèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
truca | truquem | trucatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Synonyms
[edit]Old Occitan
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Vulgar Latin *trūdicāre, from Latin trūdō + -icō.
Verb
[edit]trucar
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Occitan: trucar
Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]trucar
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “trucar”, in Dictionnaire de l’occitan médiéval en ligne (in German and French), Munich: LMU, 2013–2024
- “trucar2”, in Dictionnaire de l’occitan médiéval en ligne (in German and French), Munich: LMU, 2013–2024
Portuguese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]
Etymology 1
[edit]Verb
[edit]trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truquei, past participle trucado)
- (intransitive, card games) to make the first bid in the game of Truco
Conjugation
[edit]1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “trucar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2024
- “trucar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truquei, past participle trucado)
- (intransitive, film) to do trick photography
Conjugation
[edit]1Brazilian Portuguese.
2European Portuguese.
References
[edit]- “trucar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2024
Spanish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]trucar (first-person singular present truco, first-person singular preterite truqué, past participle trucado)
- to tune up, soup up (modify a motor vehicle)
- to rig
- (reflexive, LGBT, of a drag queen, trans woman, etc.) to tuck (to conceal one’s penis and testicles)[1]
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | trucar | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | trucando | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | trucado | trucada | |||||
plural | trucados | trucadas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | truco | trucastú trucásvos |
truca | trucamos | trucáis | trucan | |
imperfect | trucaba | trucabas | trucaba | trucábamos | trucabais | trucaban | |
preterite | truqué | trucaste | trucó | trucamos | trucasteis | trucaron | |
future | trucaré | trucarás | trucará | trucaremos | trucaréis | trucarán | |
conditional | trucaría | trucarías | trucaría | trucaríamos | trucaríais | trucarían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | truque | truquestú truquésvos2 |
truque | truquemos | truquéis | truquen | |
imperfect (ra) |
trucara | trucaras | trucara | trucáramos | trucarais | trucaran | |
imperfect (se) |
trucase | trucases | trucase | trucásemos | trucaseis | trucasen | |
future1 | trucare | trucares | trucare | trucáremos | trucareis | trucaren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | trucatú trucávos |
truque | truquemos | trucad | truquen | ||
negative | no truques | no truque | no truquemos | no truquéis | no truquen |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ “Cómo trucarse: Guía para las mujeres trans, las personas trans femeninas y las personas a las que se asignó sexo masculino al nacer”, in Trans Lifeline (in Spanish), 2024 January 27 (last accessed)
Further reading
[edit]- “trucar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
- Catalan terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Catalan/a(ɾ)
- Rhymes:Catalan/a(ɾ)/2 syllables
- Catalan terms with homophones
- Catalan lemmas
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- Galician terms borrowed from Old Occitan
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- Galician terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Galician/aɾ
- Rhymes:Galician/aɾ/2 syllables
- Galician lemmas
- Galician verbs
- Galician verbs ending in -ar
- Galician verbs with c-qu alternation
- Occitan terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Occitan terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Occitan terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *trewd-
- Occitan terms inherited from Old Occitan
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- Old Occitan terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *trewd-
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- pt:Card games
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- Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ
- Rhymes:Spanish/aɾ/2 syllables
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish verbs
- Spanish verbs ending in -ar
- Spanish verbs with c-qu alternation
- Spanish reflexive verbs
- es:LGBT
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