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M. I. Wright (talk | contribs) Fixed Levantine Arabic pronunciation description to also encompass /x/ and /h/ |
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===Suffix=== |
===Suffix=== |
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{{head|ar|suffix|head=ـَة |
{{head|ar|suffix|head=ـَة}} |
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# {{n-g|Suffix used to form feminine adjectives from masculine adjectives.}} |
# {{n-g|Suffix used to form feminine adjectives from masculine adjectives.}} |
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# {{n-g|Suffix used to form [[singulative]] nouns (referring to one item) from [[collective]] nouns (referring to a collection of items): for instance, {{m|ar|بَقَرَة|t=[[cow]]}} from {{m|ar|بَقَر|t=[[cattle]]}} or {{m|ar|شَجَرَة|t=[[tree]]}} from {{m|ar|شَجَر|t=[[trees]]}}.}} |
# {{n-g|Suffix used to form [[singulative]] nouns (referring to one item) from [[collective]] nouns (referring to a collection of items): for instance, {{m|ar|بَقَرَة|t=[[cow]]}} from {{m|ar|بَقَر|t=[[cattle]]}} or {{m|ar|شَجَرَة|t=[[tree]]}} from {{m|ar|شَجَر|t=[[trees]]}}.}} |
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# {{senseid|ar|instance noun}} {{n-g|Suffix used to form [[instance noun]]s (''nomina vicis'', referring to a single instance of an action) from [[verbal noun]]s: for instance, {{m|ar|اِبْتِسَامَة|t=a [[smile]]}} from {{m|ar|اِبْتِسَام|t=[[smiling]]}} or {{m|ar|اِنْتِفَاضَة|t=an uprising, an [[intifada]]}} from {{m|ar|اِنْتِفَاض|t=[[rising]] [[up]], [[shaking]] [[off]]}}.}} |
# {{senseid|ar|instance noun}} {{n-g|Suffix used to form [[instance noun]]s (''nomina vicis'', referring to a single instance of an action) from [[verbal noun]]s: for instance, {{m|ar|اِبْتِسَامَة|t=a [[smile]]}} from {{m|ar|اِبْتِسَام|t=[[smiling]]}} or {{m|ar|اِنْتِفَاضَة|t=an uprising, an [[intifada]]}} from {{m|ar|اِنْتِفَاض|t=[[rising]] [[up]], [[shaking]] [[off]]}}.}} |
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# {{n-g|Suffix used to form [[abstract noun]]s from [[nisba]] adjectives in {{m|ar|ـِيّ |
# {{n-g|Suffix used to form [[abstract noun]]s from [[nisba]] adjectives in {{m|ar|ـِيّ}}: for instance, {{m|ar|اِشْتِرَاكِيَّة|t=[[socialism]]}} from {{m|ar|اِشْتِرَاكِيّ|t=[[socialist]]}}. Alternatively, the combination of the two suffixes can be viewed as a single suffix {{m|ar|ـِيَّة}}.}} |
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# {{n-g|Suffix used to form nouns referring to devices from occupational/characteristic nouns and adjectives (e.g. {{m|ar|دَبَّابَة|t=[[tank]]}} from {{m|ar|دَبَّاب|t=[[crawling]], [[crawler]]}}) and from active participles (e.g. {{m|ar|طَابِعَة|t=[[printer]] {{qualifier|computing device}}}} from {{m|ar|طَابِع|t=[[printer]] {{qualifier|person}}}}).}} |
# {{n-g|Suffix used to form nouns referring to devices from occupational/characteristic nouns and adjectives (e.g. {{m|ar|دَبَّابَة|t=[[tank]]}} from {{m|ar|دَبَّاب|t=[[crawling]], [[crawler]]}}) and from active participles (e.g. {{m|ar|طَابِعَة|t=[[printer]] {{qualifier|computing device}}}} from {{m|ar|طَابِع|t=[[printer]] {{qualifier|person}}}}).}} |
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# {{n-g|Suffix used to form nouns of various sorts from adjectives: for instance, {{m|ar|قَرِينَة|t=[[connection]]}} from {{m|ar|قَرِين|t=[[connected]]}} or {{m|ar|مُعَلَّقَة|t=[[poster]], [[placard]]}} from {{m|ar|مُعَلَّق|t=[[suspended]]}}.}} |
# {{n-g|Suffix used to form nouns of various sorts from adjectives: for instance, {{m|ar|قَرِينَة|t=[[connection]]}} from {{m|ar|قَرِين|t=[[connected]]}} or {{m|ar|مُعَلَّقَة|t=[[poster]], [[placard]]}} from {{m|ar|مُعَلَّق|t=[[suspended]]}}.}} |
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Revision as of 22:21, 14 December 2019
See also: ه [U+0647 ARABIC LETTER HEH], ھ [U+06BE ARABIC LETTER HEH DOACHASHMEE], ۀ [U+06C0 ARABIC LETTER HEH WITH YEH ABOVE], and ہ [U+06C1 ARABIC LETTER HEH GOAL]
Template:character info/new Template:character info/new Template:character info/new
Arabic
Pronunciation
- (letter name): IPA(key): /taːʔ mar.buː.tˤa/
- (suffix): IPA(key): /-at-/
- (informal, pausal) IPA(key): /-a/, /-ah/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 498: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Levantine Arabic" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /-e/ (following a buccal, non-emphatic consonant other than /r/; following /iːr/)
Letter
ة (تَاء مَرْبُوطَة (tāʔ marbūṭa))
- ة (tāʾ marbūṭa) is a variant of the letter ت (tāʾ) used at the end of words. It is formed from the letter ه (hāʾ) with the addition of the two overdots of ت (tāʾ).
Usage notes
- It mostly exists in grammatically feminine words. It always follows a fatḥa ـَ ("a"), and it is replaced with a normal ت (tāʾ) when a suffix is added, e.g. غُرْفَة (ḡurfa, “a room”) -> غُرْفَتِي (ḡurfatī, “my room”) (غُرْفَة (ḡurfa) (ة -> ت) + ـِي (-ī)).
- When desinential inflection is used in Classical Arabic or in formal Modern Standard Arabic, non-pausal ة is pronounced as /t/ (preceded by usually unwritten fatḥa "a") and has -u/un, -i/-in, -a/an case endings, e.g. لُغَةٌ - "luḡah" (pausal), "luḡatun" formal, non-pausal pronunciation (nominative case, indefinite).
- Adverbials from tāʾ marbūṭa do not add alif (ا) with fatḥatān. Instead, fatḥatān is attached directly to tāʾ marbūṭa and the "hidden t" is pronounced with the ending "-an" e .g. عَادَةً (ʕādatan, “usually”).
- In a more relaxed orthography ة is replaced with ه (hāʾ) with the same pronunciation, especially in Egypt and Sudan.
- Loanwords in other languages (e.g. (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Persian or (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Turkish) from words with tāʾ marbūṭa use the endings at, et, ah, a or e.
Suffix
ـَة • (-a)
- Suffix used to form feminine adjectives from masculine adjectives.
- Suffix used to form feminine nouns from masculine nouns referring to people.
- Suffix used to form singulative nouns (referring to one item) from collective nouns (referring to a collection of items): for instance, بَقَرَة (baqara, “cow”) from بَقَر (baqar, “cattle”) or شَجَرَة (šajara, “tree”) from شَجَر (šajar, “trees”).
- Suffix used to form instance nouns (nomina vicis, referring to a single instance of an action) from verbal nouns: for instance, اِبْتِسَامَة (ibtisāma, “a smile”) from اِبْتِسَام (ibtisām, “smiling”) or اِنْتِفَاضَة (intifāḍa, “an uprising, an intifada”) from اِنْتِفَاض (intifāḍ, “rising up, shaking off”).
- Suffix used to form abstract nouns from nisba adjectives in ـِيّ (-iyy): for instance, اِشْتِرَاكِيَّة (ištirākiyya, “socialism”) from اِشْتِرَاكِيّ (ištirākiyy, “socialist”). Alternatively, the combination of the two suffixes can be viewed as a single suffix ـِيَّة (-iyya).
- Suffix used to form nouns referring to devices from occupational/characteristic nouns and adjectives (e.g. دَبَّابَة (dabbāba, “tank”) from دَبَّاب (dabbāb, “crawling, crawler”)) and from active participles (e.g. طَابِعَة (ṭābiʕa, “printer (computing device)”) from طَابِع (ṭābiʕ, “printer (person)”)).
- Suffix used to form nouns of various sorts from adjectives: for instance, قَرِينَة (qarīna, “connection”) from قَرِين (qarīn, “connected”) or مُعَلَّقَة (muʕallaqa, “poster, placard”) from مُعَلَّق (muʕallaq, “suspended”).