perturbation

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French perturbation, from Old French perturbacion, from Latin perturbatio.

Pronunciation

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪʃən

Noun

perturbation (countable and uncountable, plural perturbations)

1. (uncountable) Agitation; the state of being perturbed
   • 1611, Ben[jamin] Jonson, Catiline His Conspiracy, London: […] [William Stansby?] for Walter Burre, →OCLC, Act IIII:

     Reſtore your ſelues, vnto your temper, Fathers; / And, vvithout perturbation, heare me ſpeake: […]

   • 1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], chapter V, in Emma: […], volume I, London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, →OCLC:

     But her mind had never been in such perturbation; and it needed a very strong effort to appear attentive and cheerful till the usual hour of separating allowed her the relief of quiet reflection.

2. (countable) A small change in a physical system, or more broadly any definable system (such as a biological or economic system)
   • 1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Youth and Age. XLII.”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC, pages 247–248:

     Natures that haue much Heat, and great and violent deſires and Perturbations, are not ripe for Action, till they haue paſſed the Meridian of their yeares: As it was with Iulius Cæſar, and Septimius Seuerus.

3. (countable, astronomy, physics) Variation in an orbit due to the influence of external bodies

Derived terms

• cosmological perturbation theory
• perturbation theory

Related terms

• perturb
• perturbatory

Translations

agitation

• Azerbaijani: çaxnaşma (az)
• Bulgarian: смущение (bg) n (smuštenie)
• Finnish: häiriö (fi)
• German: Störung (de) f
• Hungarian: zavar (hu)
• Italian: perturbazione (it) f
• Malayalam: അസ്വസ്ഥത (ml) (asvasthata)
• Polish: perturbacja f
• Portuguese: perturbação (pt) f
• Russian: смяте́ние (ru) (smjaténije)
• Spanish: perturbación (es) f
• Swedish: bestörtning (sv)

a small change in a physical system or any definable system

• Esperanto: perturbo
• Finnish: poikkeuma, poikkeutus, häiriö (fi)
• Hungarian: perturbáció (hu)
• Ido: perturbo (io)
• Italian: perturbazione (it) f
• Macedonian: растројување n (rastrojuvanje)
• Russian: пертурбация (ru) f (perturbacija)
• Spanish: perturbación (es) f

variation in an orbit

• Finnish: poikkeuma, poikkeutus
• Hungarian: perturbáció (hu)
• Italian: perturbazione (it) f
• Japanese: 摂動 (ja) (せつどう, setsudō)
• Macedonian: растројување n (rastrojuvanje), пертурбација n (perturbacija)
• Polish: perturbacja f
• Spanish: perturbación (es) f

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin perturbātiōnem.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

perturbation f (plural perturbations)

1. disturbance
2. derangement

Related terms

• perturber

Descendants

• → Romanian: perturbație

Further reading

• “perturbation”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.