荊

See also: 荆

荊 U+834A, 荊 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-834A ← 草 [U+8349] CJK Unified Ideographs 荋 → [U+834B]

Translingual

Han character

荊 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿一廿弓 (TMTN), four-corner 4442₀, composition ⿱艹刑)

1. thorns
2. brambles
3. chaste tree or berry (Vitex agnus-castus)
4. my wife
5. cane

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 1031, character 38
• Dae Jaweon: page 1489, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 339, character 2
• Unihan data for U+834A

Chinese

trad.		荊/荆
simp.		荆
alternative forms		𦮓 𭱧 𮏂

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (井) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
硎	*kʰreːŋ, *ɡeːŋ
耕	*kreːŋ
荊	*keŋ
井	*skeŋʔ
丼	*kl'oːmʔ, *skeŋʔ
妌	*sɡeŋʔ
穽	*sɡeŋʔ, *sɡeŋs
阱	*sɡeŋʔ, *sɡeŋs
汫	*sɡeːŋʔ
刑	*ɡeːŋ
形	*ɡeːŋ
邢	*ɡeːŋ
鉶	*ɡeːŋ
型	*ɡeːŋ
侀	*ɡeːŋ

Etymology

"shrub; alternative name of Chu"

Cognate with Khmer ជ្រាំង (crĕəng, “to bristle”), Khmer ប្រែង (praeng, “bristle”) (Schuessler, 2007). The Chinese initial *k- could be a noun-forming prefix.

"(humble) my wife; poor"

From the story of 荊釵布裙／荆钗布裙.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jīng (jing¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ging¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kîn / kiâng
• Eastern Min (BUC): gìng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): keng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gêng¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jīng
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jing
    • Wade–Giles: ching¹
    • Yale: jīng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jing
    • Palladius: цзин (czin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ging¹
    • Yale: gīng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ging¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ging¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɪŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kîn / kiâng
    • Hakka Romanization System: gin^ˊ / giang^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gin¹ / giang¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kin²⁴/, /ki̯aŋ²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gìng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng
    • Tâi-lô: king
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kefng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gêng¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: keng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /keŋ³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: kjaeng

Rime
Character	荊
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	庚 (111)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	舉卿切
Baxter	kjaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠiæŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kᵚiaŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kiaŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kiajŋ/
Li Rong	/kiɐŋ/
Wang Li	/kĭɐŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ki̯ɐŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jīng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ging1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]reŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*keŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	荊
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	jīng
Middle Chinese	‹ kjæng ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]reŋ/
English	briar
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	荊
Reading #	1/1
No.	6851
Phonetic component	井
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	驚
Old Chinese	/*keŋ/

Definitions

荊

1. chaste tree (Vitex); redbud (Cercis)
2. (historical) rod for flogging made of chaste tree twigs

   負荊請罪／负荆请罪  ―  fùjīngqǐngzuì  ―  to offer someone a humble apology, requesting punishment and forgiveness

3. (literary, humble) my wife
4. Short for 荊州／荆州 (Jīngzhōu, “Jingzhou”).
5. Short for 荊山／荆山 (Jīng Shān, “Mount Jing”).
6. Alternative name for 楚 (chǔ, “the state of Chu in ancient China”).
7. a surname

Usage notes

The current standard in Mainland China, the Table of General Standard Chinese Characters (通用规范汉字表), does not mention any connection between 荊 and 荆 (jīng), which is reflected in A Dictionary of Current Chinese (现代汉语词典), Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》) and Cihai (辞海 (Cíhǎi)).

Compounds

• 三荊／三荆
• 先荊／先荆
• 分荊／分荆
• 問荊／问荆
• 天荊地棘／天荆地棘
• 寒荊／寒荆
• 山荊／山荆 (shānjīng)
• 布荊／布荆
• 布裙荊釵／布裙荆钗
• 幸獲識荊／幸获识荆
• 拙荊／拙荆 (zhuōjīng)
• 披荊帶棘／披荆带棘
• 披荊斬棘／披荆斩棘 (pījīngzhǎnjí)
• 披荊棘／披荆棘
• 曼荊／曼荆
• 東荊／东荆 (Dōngjīng)
• 柴荊／柴荆
• 洋紫荊／洋紫荆 (yángzǐjīng)
• 滿地荊棘／满地荆棘
• 滿目荊榛／满目荆榛
• 牡荊／牡荆 (mǔjīng)
• 班荊／班荆
• 班荊道故／班荆道故
• 班荊道舊／班荆道旧
• 紫荊／紫荆 (zǐjīng)
• 紫荊花／紫荆花
• 紫荊關／紫荆关
• 老荊／老荆
• 肉袒負荊／肉袒负荆
• 舉動荊棘／举动荆棘 (jǔdòngjīngjí)
• 荊劉拜殺／荆刘拜杀
• 荊南／荆南 (Jīngnán)
• 荊南杞梓／荆南杞梓
• 荊天棘地／荆天棘地
• 荊妻／荆妻
• 荊婦／荆妇
• 荊尸
• 荊山／荆山 (Jīng Shān)
• 荊山之玉／荆山之玉
• 荊川集／荆川集
• 荊州／荆州 (Jīngzhōu)
• 荊布／荆布
• 荊扉／荆扉
• 荊杞／荆杞
• 荊柴／荆柴
• 荊條／荆条 (jīngtiáo)
• 荊棘／荆棘 (jīngjí)
• 荊棘律／荆棘律
• 荊棘銅駝／荆棘铜驼
• 荊楚／荆楚 (Jīngchǔ)
• 荊榛滿目／荆榛满目
• 荊浩／荆浩
• 荊璞／荆璞
• 荊芥／荆芥 (jīngjiè)
• 荊薪／荆薪
• 荊蠻／荆蛮 (Jīngmán)
• 荊軻／荆轲
• 荊釵布裙／荆钗布裙
• 荊釵布襖／荆钗布袄
• 荊釵裙布／荆钗裙布
• 荊釵記／荆钗记
• 荊門／荆门 (Jīngmén)
• 蔓荊／蔓荆
• 蓬門荊布／蓬门荆布
• 裙布荊釵／裙布荆钗
• 識荊／识荆
• 負荊／负荆 (fùjīng)
• 負荊請罪／负荆请罪 (fùjīngqǐngzuì)
• 銅駝荊棘／铜驼荆棘

 

Japanese

Kanji

荊

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. thorn
2. brier
3. whip

Readings

• Go-on: きょう (kyō)
• Kan-on: けい (kei)
• Kun: いばら (ibara, 荊)、むち (muchi, 荊)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
荊
いばら Hyōgai
kun'yomi

See 茨.

Noun

荊(いばら) or 荊(イバラ) • (ibara) 

1. Alternative spelling of 茨

Korean

Hanja

荊 • (hyeong) (hangeul 형, revised hyeong, McCune–Reischauer hyŏng, Yale hyeng)

1. thorns
2. brambles
3. my wife
4. cane

Vietnamese

Han character

荊: Hán Nôm readings: kinh

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• vndic.net - 荊 kinh entry