dree
English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /dɹiː/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - (General American) IPA(key): /dɹi/
- (Ireland) IPA(key): /ðreː/, /driː/
- (Scotland) IPA(key): /dri/
- Rhymes: -iː
Etymology 1
[edit]Probably partly borrowed from Scots dree,[1] and partly derived from its etymon Middle English dreen, dreghen, dreogen, drien,[2] from Old English drēogan, from Proto-West Germanic *dreugan, from Proto-Germanic *dreuganą (“to act; to work, (specifically) to do military service”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to hold fast”).[3] Doublet of dreich, dright, and drighten.
Verb
[edit]dree (third-person singular simple present drees, present participle dreeing, simple past and past participle dreed) (chiefly Northern England, Scotland)
- (transitive) To bear or endure (something); to put up with, to suffer, to undergo.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:tolerate
- 1826, Letitia Elizabeth Landon, The Literary Gazette, 16th September: The Frozen Ship:
- Peace to the souls of the graveless dead! / 'Twas an awful doom to dree; / But fearful and wondrous are thy works, / O God! in the boundless sea!
- 1885, Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl. and editor, A Plain and Literal Translation of the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments, now Entituled The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night […], Shammar edition, volume VIII, [London]: […] Burton Club […], →OCLC:
- And redoubled pine for its dwellers I dree.
- (intransitive) To endure; to brook; also, to be able to do or continue.
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Probably partly:
- derived from the verb (see etymology 1);[4] and
- borrowed from Scots dree,[1] or derived from its etymon Middle English dri, drie, dregh, dreghe (“annoyance, trouble; grief; period of time”),[5] possibly from Middle English dregh, dri, drie (“burdensome; depressing, dismal; large, tall; lasting, long; long-suffering, patient; tedious; of blows: hard, heavy; of the face: unchanging, unmoved; of a person: strong, valorous”),[6] from Old English *drēog, *drēoȝ, dreoh (“earnest; fit; sober”), and then probably partly:[7]
- shortened from Old English gedrēog (“calm, quiet; sober; fit, suitable”, adjective), from ġe- (prefix forming adjectives of association or similarity) + Proto-Germanic *dreugaz (“enduring, lasting”) (from *dreuganą (“to serve, be a retainer”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to serve one’s tribe; loyal”)); and
- influenced by Old Norse drjúgr (“sufficient; excessive, very; great; strong”), from Proto-Germanic *dreugaz (see above).
Noun
[edit]dree (plural drees)
- (chiefly Northumbria, Scotland, archaic) Grief; suffering; trouble.
- 1958, T[erence] H[anbury] White, chapter VIII, in The Once and Future King, New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam's Sons, →ISBN, book I (The Sword in the Stone):
- Life is blood, shed and offered. / The eagle’s eye can face this dree. / To beasts of chase the lie is proffered: / Timor Mortis Conturbat Me.
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]From dreich (adjective).
Adverb
[edit]dree (comparative more dree, superlative most dree)
- (Northeast Midlands, Northern England)
- Of the doing of a task: with concentration; laboriously.
- Chiefly of the falling of rain: without pause or stop; continuously, incessantly.
- (Lancashire, Scotland) Slowly, tediously.
Etymology 4
[edit]See dreich.
Adjective
[edit]dree (comparative dreer, superlative dreest)
- Alternative form of dreich
- 1863, [Elizabeth] Gaskell, “The Engagement”, in Sylvia’s Lovers. […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], →OCLC, page 40:
- To be sure, t' winter's been a dree season, and thou'rt, maybe, in the right on't to make a late start.
- 1863, [Elizabeth] Gaskell, “Wedding Raiment”, in Sylvia’s Lovers. […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], →OCLC, page 278:
- But he's lying i' such dree poverty,—and niver a friend to go near him,—niver a person to speak a kind word t' him.
- a. 1931 (date written), D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, “A Hay Hut among the Mountains”, in Warren Roberts, Harry T. Moore, editors, Phoenix II: Uncollected, Unpublished, and Other Prose Works by D. H. Lawrence […], Viking Compass edition, New York, N.Y.: Viking Press, published 1970, →ISBN, part I (Stories and Sketches), page 43:
- So, after two hours' running downhill, we came out in the level valley at Glashütte. It was raining now, a thick dree rain.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “dree, v.1, n.1”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.
- ^ “drīen, v.(2)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ Compare “dree, v.”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, December 2023; “dree, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “dree, n.”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, July 2023.
- ^ “drī(e, n.(2)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ “drī(e, adj.(2)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ “dreich, adj.”, in OED Online , Oxford: Oxford University Press, September 2023; “dreich, adj.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
Anagrams
[edit]Low German
[edit]< 2 | 3 | 4 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : dree Ordinal : drütt | ||
Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Low German drê, drî, drie, from Old Saxon thrie.
Numeral
[edit]dree
Coordinate terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Luxembourgish
[edit]Verb
[edit]dree
Plautdietsch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Low German drê, drî, drie, from Old Saxon thrie.
Numeral
[edit]dree
Scots
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old English drēogan, from Proto-West Germanic *dreugan, from Proto-Germanic *dreuganą.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]dree (third-person singular simple present drees, present participle dreein, simple past dreed, past participle dreed)
Derived terms
[edit]Yola
[edit]Numeral
[edit]dree
- Alternative form of dhree
- 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:
- Dree deemes.
- Three times.
References
[edit]- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 33
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/iː
- Rhymes:English/iː/1 syllable
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰrewgʰ- (serve)
- English terms borrowed from Scots
- English terms derived from Scots
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- English doublets
- English lemmas
- English verbs
- Northern England English
- Scottish English
- English transitive verbs
- English terms with quotations
- English intransitive verbs
- English terms derived from Old Norse
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- Northumbrian English
- English terms with archaic senses
- English adverbs
- Midlands English
- Lancashire English
- English adjectives
- Low German terms inherited from Middle Low German
- Low German terms derived from Middle Low German
- Low German terms inherited from Old Saxon
- Low German terms derived from Old Saxon
- Low German lemmas
- Low German numerals
- Luxembourgish non-lemma forms
- Luxembourgish verb forms
- Plautdietsch terms inherited from Middle Low German
- Plautdietsch terms derived from Middle Low German
- Plautdietsch terms inherited from Old Saxon
- Plautdietsch terms derived from Old Saxon
- Plautdietsch lemmas
- Plautdietsch numerals
- Plautdietsch cardinal numbers
- Scots terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Scots terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰrewgʰ- (serve)
- Scots terms derived from Old English
- Scots terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Scots terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Scots terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scots lemmas
- Scots verbs
- Yola lemmas
- Yola numerals
- Yola cardinal numbers
- Yola terms with quotations