鰈

See also: 鲽

鰈 U+9C08, 鰈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9C08 ← 鰇 [U+9C07] CJK Unified Ideographs 鰉 → [U+9C09]

Translingual

Han character

鰈 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+9, 20 strokes, cangjie input 弓火心廿木 (NFPTD), four-corner 2439₄, composition ⿰魚枼)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1474, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46322
• Dae Jaweon: page 2006, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4700, character 2
• Unihan data for U+9C08

Chinese

trad.		鰈
simp.		鲽

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (世) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
貰	*ɦljebs, *hljebs
跇	*l̥ʰebs, *lebs
迣	*ʔljebs
世	*hljebs
泄	*lebs, *sled
枻	*lebs
詍	*lebs
靾	*lebs
袣	*lebs
抴	*lebs, *led
呭	*lebs
勩	*lebs, *libs
屜	*l̥ʰeːbs
鰈	*l̥ʰaːb, *l'eːb
渫	*zreːb, *sled
煠	*zreːb, *l̥ʰeb, *leb
喋	*rlaːb, *ʔl'eːb, *l'eːb
鞢	*rlaːb, *sleːb
殜	*l'eb, *leb, *lab
葉	*hljeb, *leb
弽	*hljeb, *hleːb
韘	*hljeb, *sleːb
枼	*leb
楪	*leb
揲	*leb, *l'eːb, *ɦljed
鍱	*leb
偞	*leb, *hleːb
蝶	*l̥ʰeːb, *l'eːb
牒	*l'eːb
蹀	*l'eːb
諜	*l'eːb
堞	*l'eːb
牃	*l'eːb
褋	*l'eːb
惵	*l'eːb
碟	*l'eːb
屧	*sleːb
屟	*sleːb
紲	*sled
齛	*sled
疶	*sled
緤	*sled
媟	*sled

Possibly a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l̥ʰaːb, *l'eːb) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + phonetic 枼 (OC *leb). Another explanation is that it is an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 魚 (“fish”) + semantic 枼 (“flat, wide, thin”). It is possible that the two interpretations influenced each other.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dié (die²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄝˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): dip⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dié
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄝˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dié
    • Wade–Giles: tieh²
    • Yale: dyé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dye
    • Palladius: де (de)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ti̯ɛ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: dip⁶
    • Yale: dihp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dip⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: dib⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tiːp̚²/

---

• Middle Chinese: thap

Rime
Character	鰈
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	盍 (144)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	吐盍切
Baxter	thap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰap̚/
Li Rong	/tʰɑp̚/
Wang Li	/tʰɑp̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tʰɑp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ta
Expected Cantonese Reflex	taap3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰaːb/, /*l'eːb/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鰈	鰈
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	11550	11571
Phonetic component	世	世
Rime group	盍	盍
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	榻
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰaːb/	/*l'eːb/
Notes	見爾雅	見爾雅或作鰨

Definitions

鰈

1. righteye flounder

Compounds

• 長鰈／长鲽 (chángdié)
• 鮫鰈／鲛鲽
• 鰈鶼／鲽鹣
• 鶼鰈／鹣鲽
• 鶼鰈情深／鹣鲽情深

 

Japanese

Kanji

鰈

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: じょう (jō)^{←でふ (defu, historical)}、とう (tō)^{←たふ (tafu, historical)}
• Kan-on: ちょう (chō)^{←てふ (tefu, historical)}、とう (tō)^{←たふ (tafu, historical)}
• Kun: かれい (karei, 鰈)^{←かれひ (karefi, 鰈, historical)}

Compounds

• 鰈川(かれがわ) (Karegawa)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
鰈
かれい Hyōgai
kun'yomi

鰈 (karei): a righteye flounder

/kara eɸi/ → /kareɸi/ → /karewi/ → /karei/

Originally from a shift of 王余魚 (kara-ei) attested in the Honzō Wamyō, itself a compound of 韓 (Kara, “Korea”, euphemism) +‎ 鱝 (ei, “[a kind of] ray”); it is said that the flounder was imported from Korea to Japan in the Samhan period, and was regarded to the Koreans at that time as “beautiful”. From its ray-like appearance, the medieval Japanese had mistaken the flounder for such. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) かれー [káꜜrèè] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠ɾe̞ː]

Noun

鰈(かれい) • (karei) ^{←かれひ (karefi)?}

1. a righteye flounder (flatfish of the family Pleuronectidae)
   • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 8:

     王餘魚 朱厓記云：南海有_二王餘魚_一［和名：加良衣比、俗_二云：加禮比_一］昔、越王作_レ鱠不_レ盡餘半棄_レ水因以_二半身_一爲_レ魚、故曰_二王餘魚_一也

     Righteye flounder (literally “king-remaining fish”): according to the Zhūyá chronicle, at the southern sea there exists a righteye flounder (Japanese name kara-ei, commonly said karei); long ago, the king of Yuè had not completely made kuài and discarded half of the remaining into the water; as a result half of his body turned into a fish, hence the name.

2. (rare, obsolete) Synonym of 舌鮃 (shitabirame): a sole (flatfish of the family Soleidae)

Usage notes

• As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as カレイ.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• カレイ科(か) (karei-ka, “Pleuronectidae”)
• カレイ目(もく) (karei-moku, “Pleuronectiformes”)
• 赤(アカ)鰈(ガレイ) (akagarei, “flathead flounder”)
• 油(アブラ)鰈(ガレイ) (aburagarei, “Kamchatka flounder”)
• 石(イシ)鰈(ガレイ) (ishigarei, “stone flounder”)
• 木(こ)の葉(は)鰈(がれい) (konoha-garei)
• 鮫(サメ)鰈(ガレイ) (samegarei)
• 縞(しま)鰈(がれい) (shimagarei)
• 角(ツノ)鰈(ガレイ) (tsunogarei, “Alaska plaice”)
• 滑(ナメ)多(タ)鰈(ガレイ) (nametagarei, “slime flounder”)
• 沼(ヌマ)鰈(ガレイ) (numagarei, “starry flounder”)
• 婆婆(ババ)鰈(ガレイ) (babagarei)
• 干(ほ)し鰈(がれい) (hoshigarei)
• 星(ほし)鰈(がれい) (hoshigarei)
• 真(マ)鰈(ガレイ) (magarei, “yellow striped flounder”)
• 真子(マコ)鰈(ガレイ) (makogarei, “marbled flounder”)
• 蒸(む)し鰈(がれい) (mushigarei)
• 目(メ)板(イタ)鰈(ガレイ) (meitagarei)

Idioms

• 左鮃右鰈(ひだりひらめみぎかれい) (hidari hirame migi karei)

See also

• 鮃(ヒラメ) (hirame, “olive flounder”)
• 牛(うし)の舌(した) (ushinoshita, “tonguefish”)

Korean

Hanja

鰈 • (jeop) (hangeul 접, revised jeop, McCune–Reischauer chŏp, Yale cep)

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