胡虜

See also: 胡虏

Chinese

		barbarian; recklessly; surname	take captive
trad. (胡虜)		胡	虜
simp. (胡虏)		胡	虏

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): húlǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄨˊ ㄌㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wu⁴ lou⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: húlǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨˊ ㄌㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: húlǔ
    • Wade–Giles: hu²-lu³
    • Yale: hú-lǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hwuluu
    • Palladius: хулу (xulu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: wu⁴ lou⁵
    • Yale: wùh lóuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wu⁴ lou⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: wu⁴ lou⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wuː²¹ lou̯¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: hu luX

Rime
Character	胡	虜
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	戸吳切	郎古切
Baxter	hu	luX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuo/	/luoX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuo/	/luoX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣo/	/loX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦɔ/	/lɔX/
Li Rong	/ɣo/	/loX/
Wang Li	/ɣu/	/luX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣuo/	/luoX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hú	lǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wu4	lou5

Noun

胡虜

1. (historical) “Northern Barbarians” (non-Chinese ethnic groups living to China's north)

   • 臣聞漢興以來，胡虜數入邊地，小入則小利，大入則大利。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     臣闻汉兴以来，胡虏数入边地，小入则小利，大入则大利。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

     Chén wén Hàn xīng yǐlái, húlǔ shuò rù biāndì, xiǎo rù zé xiǎo lì, dà rù zé dà lì. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 壯志飢餐胡虜肉，笑談渴飲匈奴血。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     壮志饥餐胡虏肉，笑谈渴饮匈奴血。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 12th century, Yue Fei, 滿江紅·寫懷

     Zhuàngzhì jī cān húlǔ ròu, xiàotán kě yǐn Xiōngnú xuè. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Synonyms

• 北狄 (Běidí)