Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/laiʀijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *laizijaną.

Verb

*laiʀijan

1. to teach

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*laiʀijan
1st sg. past	*laiʀidā
Infinitive	*laiʀijan
Genitive infin.	*laiʀijannjas
Dative infin.	*laiʀijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*laiʀijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*laiʀiju	*laiʀidā
2nd singular	*laiʀisi	*laiʀidēs, *laiʀidōs
3rd singular	*laiʀiþi	*laiʀidē, *laiʀidā
1st plural	*laiʀijum	*laiʀidum
2nd plural	*laiʀiþ	*laiʀidud
3rd plural	*laiʀijanþ	*laiʀidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*laiʀijē	*laiʀidī
2nd singular	*laiʀijēs	*laiʀidī
3rd singular	*laiʀijē	*laiʀidī
1st plural	*laiʀijēm	*laiʀidīm
2nd plural	*laiʀijēþ	*laiʀidīd
3rd plural	*laiʀijēn	*laiʀidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*laiʀi
Plural	*laiʀiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*laiʀijandī	*laiʀid

Descendants

• Old English: lǣran
  • Middle English: leren
    • Scots: lere, leir
    • English: lear (dialectal)
• Old Frisian: lēra
  • Saterland Frisian: leere
  • West Frisian: leare
• Old Saxon: lērian
  • Middle Low German: leren
    • → Old Norse: læra
      • Icelandic: læra
      • Faroese: læra
      • Norwegian Nynorsk: læra
      • Swedish: lära
      • Danish: lære
        • Norwegian Bokmål: lære
    • Low German: lehren, liehren
• Old Dutch: lēren
  • Middle Dutch: lêren
    • Dutch: leren
    • Limburgish: lieëre
• Old High German: lēren
  • Middle High German: lēren
    • Alemannic German:

      Italian Walser: lére, leire, lerä

    • German: lehren
    • Luxembourgish: léieren