Tarea Ecuaciones de Primer Grado
Tarea Ecuaciones de Primer Grado
Tarea Ecuaciones de Primer Grado
Matemáticas
Tema꞉
Ecuaciones de primer grado
Facilitador꞉
Roberto Ramos
Participante꞉
María Isabel Amparo La Pay
Matricula꞉
Resuelva las siguientes ecuaciones:
a) x + 16 = 41
x = 41 – 16
x= 25
b) 9x – 45 + 4x – 16 = 4
13x - 61= 4
13x = 4 + 61
13x = 65
x = 65/13
x=5
c) 2x – 3 + x – 35 = 2 – 9x – 4
3x -38 = -2 -9x
3x + 9x = -2 + 38
12x = 36
x = 36/12
x=3
d) 3 · (x – 2) + 9 = 0
3x – 6 + 9 = 0
3x + 3 = 0
3x = -3
x = -3/3
x = -1
e) 8x + 7 – 2x + 5 = 4x + 12 – (x – 30)
6x + 12 = 4x + 12 –x + 30
6x + 12 = 3x + 42
6x – 3x = 42 – 12
3x = 30
x = 30/3
x = 10
f) x + (x + 2) = 36
x +x +2 = 36
2x = 36 – 2
2x = 34
x = 34/2
x = 17
g) 2 · (3x – 2) – (x + 3) = 8
6x – 4 – x – 3 = 8
5x – 7 = 8
5x = 8 + 7
5x = 15
x = 15/5
x=3
h) 2 · (13 + x) = 41 + x
26 + 2x = 41 + x
2x – x = 41 – 26
x = 15
i) 2 · (x – 3) – 3 · (4x – 5) = 17 – 8x
2x – 6 – 12x + 15 = 17 – 18x
-10x + 9 = 17 – 18x
-10x + 18 = 17 – 9
8x = 8
x = 8/8
x=1
j) 4x – 3 · (1 – 3x) = –3
4x – 3 + 9x = -3
13x – 3 = -3
13x = -3 + 3
13x = 0
x = 0/13
x=0
8x – 9x + 15 = 12x – 180
-x + 15 = 12x – 180
-x – 12x = -180 – 15
-13x = - 195
x = -195/-13
x = 15
l) 6 – x = 4 · (x – 3) – 7 · (x – 4)
6 – x = 4x – 12 – 7x + 28
6 – x = -3x + 16
-x + 3x = 16 – 6
2x = 10
x = 10/2
x=5
6x – 18 - [ (x – 3x + 8 + 2) - 1] = 2 – 3 + 2x
6x – 18 – [ - 2x + 10 - 1] = -1 + 2x
6x -18 - [ -2x + 9] = -1 + 2x
6x – 18 + 2x – 9 = - 1 + 2x
8x – 27 = - 1 + 2x
8x – 2x = -1 + 27
6x = 26
x = 26 / 6
x = 13 / 3
n) (x – 2)2 = x2
x² - 4x + 4 = x²
x² - 4x - x² = -4
-4x = -4
x = -4 / -4
x=1
ñ) x · (x + 4) = x2 + 8
x² + 4x = x² + 8
x² - x² + 4x = 8
4x = 8
x=8/4
x=2
1.- El doble de la edad de Lucía más 25 años es igual a la edad de su abuelo que es 51 años.
¿Qué edad tiene Lucía?
2x + 25 = 51
2x = 51 – 25
2x = 26
x = 26 / 2
x = 13
2(13) + 25 = 51
26 + 25 = 51
51= 51
2.- Los tres lados de un triángulo equilátero vienen expresados en metros. Si su perímetro es 27
metros, halla la longitud de cada lado.
Son 3 lados
x + x + x = 27
3x = 27
x = 27 / 3
x=9
x = edad de Javier
4x – 30 = x
4x – x = 30
3x = 30
x = 30/3
x = 10
4.- En una caja hay doble número de caramelos de menta que de limón y triple
número de caramelos de naranja que de menta y limón juntos. En total hay 312
caramelos. Hallar cuántos caramelos hay de cada sabor.
x caramelos de limón
2x caramelo de menta
3 (2x + x) = 9x
9x caramelo de naranja
9x + 2x + x = 312
12x = 312
x = 312 / 12
x = 26
Entonces
2(26) = 52
9 (26) = 234
Hay:
26 caramelos de limón
52 caramelos de menta
5.- La suma de cuatro números es igual a 90. El segundo número es el doble que
el primero; el tercero es el doble del segundo, y el cuarto es el doble del tercero.
Halla el valor de los cuatro números.
1. x
2. 2x
3. 4x
4. 8x
x + 2x + 4x + 8x = 90
15x = 90
x = 90/15
x=6
1. 6
2. 2(6) = 12
3. 4 (6) = 24
4. 8 (6) = 48
6.-En una fiesta de fin de curso hay doble número de mujeres que de hombres y
triple número de niños que de hombres y mujeres juntos. Halla el número de
hombres, mujeres y niños que hay en la fiesta sabiendo que en total son 156 las
personas que hay en ella.
x cantidad de hombres
2x cantidad de mujeres
3 (2x + x) = 9x
9x cantidad de niños
9x + 2x + x = 156
12x = 156
x = 156 / 12
x = 13
Entonces:
2 (13) = 26
9 (13) = 117
Hay:
13 hombres
26 mujeres
117 niños
7.- El doble de un número menos cinco es nueve. ¿De qué número se trata?
2x – 5 = 9
2x = 9 + 5
2x = 14
x = 14 / 2
x=7
Se trata del 7
8.- La suma de dos números consecutivos es 55. ¿De qué números se trata?
x + (x + 1) = 55
x + x + 1 = 55
2x= 55 -1
2x = 54
x = 54/2
x = 27
27 + (27 + 1) = 55
27 + 28 = 55
x + (x + 1) + (x + 2) = 63
x + x + 1 + x + 2 = 63
3x + 3 = 63
3x = 63 - 3
3x = 60
x = 60/3
x = 20
x + (x + 1) + (x + 2) = 63
20 + (20 + 1) + (20 + 2) = 63
20 + 21 + 22 = 63
63 = 63
Comprueba:
a) si x = 4 es solución de la ecuación x + 3 = 7
4+3=7
4 es solución de la ecuación x + 3 = 7
b) si x = 1 es solución de la ecuación 2x + 8 = 10
2(1) + 8 = 10
2 + 8 = 10
10 = 10
1 es solución de la ecuación 2x + 8 = 10
c) si x = 3 es solución de 4x = 12
4(3) = 12
12 = 12
3 es solución de la ecuación 4x = 3
d) si x = 3 es solución de x – 2 = 1
3–2=1
1=1
3 es solución de la ecuación x - 2 = 3
e) si x = 2 es solución de x + 7 = 3
2+7=3
9=3
2 no es solución de la ecuación x + 7 = 3
f) si x = -1 es solución de 5 + x = 4
5 + (-1) = 4
4=4
-1 es solución de la ecuación 5 + x = 4
g) si x = -2 es solución de 7 + x = 3
7 + (-2) = 3
5=3
3x
+ 2= x + 4
1) 2
3x + 4 =x+4
2
3x + 4 = (x + 4) . 2
3x + 4 = 2x + 8
3x – 2x = 8 – 4
x=4
3x
+ 2= x + 4
2
3 (4) / 2 + 2 = 4 + 4
12 / 2 + 2 = 8
6+2=8
8=8
x x -6
x - 8= -
2) 2 3
x – 8 = 3x – 2 (x - 6)
6
x – 8 = 3x – 2x + 12
6
x – 8 = x + 12
6
6 (x - 8) = x + 12
6x – 48 = x + 12
6x – x = 12 + 48
5x = 60
x = 60 / 5
x = 12
x x -6
x - 8= -
2 3
12 – 8 = 12 / 2 – (12 - 6) / 3
4 = 6 – 6/ 3
4 = 6 – 2
4 = 4
3x x
x - = +3
3) 4 7
x – 3x - x = 3
4 7
28x – 21x – 4x = 3
28
3x =3
28
3x = 3 . 28
3x = 84
x = 84 / 3
x = 28
3x x
x - = +3
4 7
28 – 3 (28) = 28 + 3
4 7
28 - 84 = 4 + 3
4
28 – 21 = 7
7=7
x+5
2 = x + 3
4) 3
2x + 10 / 3 = x + 3
2x + 10 = (x + 3) . 3
2x + 10 = 3x + 9
2x – 3x = 9 – 10
-x = -1
(-1) -x = -1 (-1)
x=1
x+5
2 = x + 3
3
2 ((1 + 5 ) / 3) = 1 + 3
2 (6/3) = 4
2 (2) = 4
4=4
9x 2x 1
- 6= +
5) 4 3 3
9x / 4 – 2x/ 3 = 1 / 3 + 6
27x – 8x = 19 / 3
12
19x / 12 = 19 / 3
19x = (19 / 3) . 12
19x = 228 / 3
x = 76 / 19
x=4
9x 2x 1
- 6= +
4 3 3
9–6=8/3+1/3
3=9/3
3=3
5x 3x
- = x - 11
6) 6 4
-22x / 24 = -11
-22x = -264
x = -264 / -22
x = 12
5x 3x
- = x - 11
6 4
[5(12) / 6] – [3(12) / 4] = 12 – 11
10 - 9 = 12 – 11
1 = 1
3x 2x
- 7= +1
7) 5 6
(3x / 5) – (2x / 6) = 1 + 7
18x – 10x / 30 = 8
8x = 8 . 30
x = 240 / 8
x = 30
3x 2x
- 7= +1
5 6
(3(30) / 5) – 7 = (2(30) / 6) + 1
18 – 7 = 10 + 1
11 = 11
5
x - 10 = (x - 6)
8) 9
x – 10 = 5x – 30 / 9
9 (x - 10) = 5x – 30
9x – 90 = 5x – 30
9x – 5x = -30 + 90
4x = 60
x = 60 / 4
x = 15
5
x - 10 = (x - 6)
9
15 – 10 = 5 / 9 (15 – 6)
5 = 5 / 9 (9)
5 = 45 / 9
5=5
x 2x
+ x = 10 +
9) 3 9
x / 3 + x – 2x/9 = 10
9x + 27x – 6x / 27 = 10
30x / 27 = 10
30x = 10 . 27
x = 270 / 30
x=9
x 2x
+ x = 10 +
3 9
9 / 3 + 9 = 10 + 2(9) / 9
3 + 9 = 10 + 2
12 = 12
3x x
+ 1 = 12 -
10) 2 3
(3x / 2) + (x / 3) = 12 - 1
9x + 2x / 6 = 11
11x / 6 = 11
11x = 11 . 6
x = 66 / 11
x=6
3x x
+ 1 = 12 -
2 3
3(6) / 2 + 1 = 12 – 6 / 3
18 / 2 + 1 = 12 – 2
9 + 1 = 10
10 = 10
x x
+ =x - 3
11) 5 2
(x / 5) + (x / 2) – x = -3
2x + 5x – 10x/ 10 = -3
-3x / 10 = -3
-3x = -3 . 10
x = -30 / -3
x = 10
x x
+ =x - 3
5 2
10 / 5 + 10 / 2 = 10 – 3
2 + 5 = 7
7 = 7
5x - 6
4x - 7 =
12) 4
4 (4x – 7) = 5x – 6
16x – 28 = 5x – 6
16x – 5x = -6 + 28
11x = + 22
x = 22 / 11
x=2
5x - 6
4x - 7 =
4
4 (2) – 7 = 5 (2) – 6 / 4
8 – 7 = 10 – 6 / 4
1=4/4
1=1
x+2
= 5x - 4
13) 3
x + 2 = 3 (5x - 4)
x + 2 = 15x – 12
x – 15x = -12 – 2
-14x = -14
x = -14 / -14
x=1
x+2
= 5x - 4
3
1 + 2 / 3 = 5 (1) – 4
3/3=5–4
1=1
2x - 10 7
=
14) 3x - 20 8
2x – 10 = 7 / 8 . (3x - 20)
2x – 10 = 21x – 140 / 8
-5x = -60
x = -60 / -5
x = 12
2x - 10 7
=
3x - 20 8
(24 – 10) / ( 36 – 20 ) = 7 / 8
14 / 16 = 7 / 8
7/8=7/8
x 3x
+ + x = 21
15) 4 6
6x + 12x + 24x / 24 = 21
42x / 24 = 21
42x = 21 . 24
x = 504 / 42
x = 12
x 3x
+ + x = 21
4 6
12 / 4 + 3 (12) / 6 + 12 = 21
3 + 6 + 12 = 21
21 = 21
x 13 5x 5
- = -
16) 4 6 2 6
mcm 2, 4 y 6 = 12
12 (x / 4) – (13 / 6) 12 = 12 (5x / 2) – (5 / 6) 12
3x – (13 . 2) = (5x . 6) – (5 . 2)
3x – 26 = 30x – 10
3x – 30x = -10 + 26
-27x = 16
x = 16 / -27
x 13 5x 5
- = -
4 6 2 6
-2 ¹⁷/54 = -2 17/54
x x x
+ + = 94
17) 3 4 5
47x / 60 = 94
47x = 94 . 60
x = 5640 / 47
x = 120
x x x
+ + = 94
3 4 5
40 + 30 + 24 = 94
94 = 94
x x
+ 10 = + 16
18) 3 5
x / 3 – x / 5 = 16 – 10
5x – 3x / 15 = 6
2x / 15 = 6
2x = 6 . 15
x = 90 / 2
x = 45
x x
+ 10 = + 16
3 5
45 / 3 + 10 = 45 / 5 + 16
15 + 10 =9 + 16
25 = 25
x -7 10
= - 3
19) x + 3 x + 3
(x - 7 / x + 3) – (10 / x + 3) = -3
x – 7 – 10 / x + 3 = -3
x – 17 / x +3 = -3
x – 17 = -3 (x + 3)
x – 17 = -3x – 9
x + 3x = -9 + 17
4x = 8
x=8/4
x=2
x -7 10
= - 3
x+3 x+3
(2 – 7) /( 2 + 3) = 10 / (2 + 3) – 3
-5 / 5 = (10 / 5) – 3
-1 = 2 – 3
-1 = -1
x
3x - 9 + = 2x - 3
20) 5
3x + (x / 5) – 2x = -3 + 9
15x + x – 10x / 5 = 6
6x / 5 = 6
6x = 6 . 5
x = 30 / 6
x=5
x
3x - 9 + = 2x - 3
5
3 (5) – 9 + (5 / 5) = 2 (5) – 3
15 – 9 + 1 = 10 – 3
7 = 7
3x
_ 12
5 =6
21) x + 1
(3x – 60 / 5) / (x + 1) = 6
3x – 60/ 5 (x + 1) = 6
3x – 60 / 5x + 5 = 6
3x – 60 = 6 (5x + 5)
3x – 60 = 30x + 30
3x – 30x = 30 + 60
-27x = 90
x = 90 / -27
x = 30 / -9
3x
_ 12
5 =6
x +1
(-10 / 5) – 12 / -2 ¹/з = 6
-2 – 12 / -2 ¹/з = 6
-14 / -2 ¹/з = 6
6=6
x 2x x
+ 5= - 2 -
22) 4 5 30
-7x / 60 / -7
-7x = -7 . 60
-7x = -420
x = -420 / -7
x = 60
x 2x x
+ 5= - 2 -
4 5 30
15 + 5 = 24 – 2 – 2
20 = 24 – 4
20 = 20
3 x
= -1
23) x + 1 x - 1
(x + 1) (x - 1) (3/ x + 1) = (x + 1) (x - 1) (x / x - 1) – 1 (x² - 1)
3 (x - 1) = x (x + 1) - x² + 1
3x – 3 = x² + x - x² + 1
3x – 3 = x + 1
3x – x = 1 + 3
2x = 4
x=4/2
x=2
3 x
= -1
x +1 x - 1
3 / 2 + 1 = (2 / 2 - 1) – 1
3 / 3 = (2 / 1 ) – 1
1= 2–1
1=1
5x - 2x + 18
- 5 (x - 20) =
24) 8 6
Mcm 8 y 6 = 24
-105x + 8x = 72 – 2,400
-97x = -2,328
x = -2,328 / -97
x = 24
5x - 2x + 18
- 5 (x - 20) =
8 6
(120 / 8) – (5 . 4) = (- 48 + 18) / 6
15 – 20 = -30 / 6
-5 = -5
x +1 x
x+ =x +
25) 5 2
10x + 10 (x + 1/ 5) = 10x + 10 (x / 2)
10x + 2 (x + 1) = 10x + 5x
10x + 2x + 2 = 15x
12x + 2 = 15x
12x – 15x = -2
-3x = -2
x = -2 / -3
x +1 x
x+ =x +
5 2
1=1
7-x x-3
3x - = -1 + + 2x
26) 8 4
8 (3x) – (7 – x/ 8) . 8 = -1 (8) + (x – 3 / 4) . 8 + 2x . 8
24x -7 + x = -8 + 2x – 6 + 16x
25x – 7 = 18x – 14
7x = -7
x = -7 / 7
x = -1
7-x x-3
3x - = -1 + + 2x
8 4
-3 – (7 + 1 / 8) = -1 + (-4 / 4) -2
-3 – 1 = -1 – 1 – 2
-4 = -4
3x 2x 5x
8 - + - =-9
27) 10 4 8
mcm de 10, 4 , 8, y 1 = 40
-17x = -680
x = -680 / -17
x = 40
3x 2x 5x
8 - + - =-9
10 4 8
8 – 12 + 20 – 25 = -9
-9 = -9
x +1 3+ x x
+ =1 +
28) 2 6 3
3 (x + 1) + 3 + x = 6 + 2x
3x + 3 + 3 + x = 6 + 2x
4x + 6 = 6 + 2x
4x – 2x = 6 – 6
2x = 0
x=0/2
x=0
x +1 3+ x x
+ =1 +
2 6 3
(1 / 2) + (3 / 6) = 1
1=1
3x 3x x
- 2+ - =0
29) 5 2 10
mcm de 5, 2 y 10 = 10
6x – 20 + 15x – x = 0
20x = 20
x = 20 / 20
x=1
3x 3x x
- 2+ - =0
5 2 10
(3 / 5) – 2 + (3 / 2) – (1 / 10) = 0
0=0
30)
4x - 3 3x - 1 4x - 2
- = -1
6 4 3
mcm de 6, 4, 3 y 1 = 12
8x – 6 – 9x + 3 = 16x – 8 – 12
8x – 9x – 3 = 16x - 20
-17x = -17
x = -17 / -17
x=1
4x - 3 3x - 1 4x - 2
- = -1
6 4 3
(4 - 3) / 6 – (3 – 1 ) / 4 = (4 – 2) / 3 – 1
(1 / 6) – (2 / 4) = (2 / 3) – 1
-1 / 3 = -1 / 3
3 (x + 1) x + 3 3 - 7x
- + x = 2x +
31) 4 6 12
mcm 12, 6 y 4 = 12
9x + 9 – 2x – 6 + 12x = 7x + 3
19x + 3 = 7x + 3
19x – 7x = 3 – 3
12x = 0
x = 0 / 12
x=0
3 (x + 1) x + 3 3 - 7x
- + x = 2x +
4 6 12
(3 / 4) – (3 / 6) = 3 / 12
1/4=1/4
32)
x +1
1+
x -1 = 2
x -1
2 -
x +1
x–1+x+1
x-1
=2
2x + 2 – x +1
x+1
2x
x-1
=2
x+3
x+1
2x (x + 1) =2
(x - 1) (x + 3)
(x - 1) (x + 3) 2x (x + 1) = 2 (x - 1) (x + 3)
(x - 1) (x + 3)
2x² + 2x = 2 (x² + 2x - 3)
2x² + 2x = 2x² + 4x - 6
2x² + 2x -2x² - 4x = - 6
-2x = -6
x = -6 / -2
x=3
x +1
1+
x -1 = 2
x -1
2 -
x +1
1 + (3 + 1) / (3 – 1) =2
2 – (3 - 1) / (3 + 1)
1 + (4 / 2) = 2
2 – (2 / 4)
3 =2
3/2
2=2
x x-5 1 5x - 2
+ - x=
33) 3 2 4 2
mcm = 12
4x + 6 (x - 5) – 3x = 6 (5x - 2)
4x + 6x – 30 – 3x = 30x – 12
7x – 30 = 30x – 12
7x – 30x = -12 + 30
-23x = 18
x = 18 / -23
x x-5 1 5x - 2
+ - x=
3 2 4 2
-222/23 = -222/23
x - 3 3 (x - 2) x - 3 - (x + 2)
- =
34) 3 2 2
mcm: 6
2 (x - 3) – 9 (x - 2) = 3 (x - 3) – 3 (x + 2)
2x – 6 -9x + 18 = 3x – 9 -3x – 6
-7x + 12 = -15
-7x = -15 – 12
x = -27 / -7
x - 3 3 (x - 2) x - 3 - (x + 2)
- =
3 2 2
(2 / 7) – 211/14 = - 5 /2
-5/2 = -5 / 2
x - 3 x - 3 x - 3 x+3
- = -
35) 5 2 3 2
mcm= 30
6 (x - 3) – 15 (x - 3) = 10 (x - 3) – 15 (x + 3)
-9x + 27 = -5x – 75
-9x + 5x = -75 – 27
-4x = -102
x = -102 / -4
x = -51 / -2
x - 3 x - 3 x - 3 x+3
- = -
5 2 3 2
-27 / 4 = -27 / 4
x +1 5+ x 9 - 2x
+ =1 +
36) 2 6 3
mcm = 6
3(x + 1) + 5 + x = 6 + 2 (9 – 2x)
3x + 3 + 5 + x = 6 + 18 – 4x
4x + 8 = 24 – 4x
4x + 4x = 24 – 8
8x = 16
x = 16 / 8
x = 2
x +1 5+ x 9 - 2x
+ =1 +
2 6 3
(2 + 1) / 2 + (5 + 2) / 6 = 1 + (9 – 2(2)) / 3
(3 / 2) + (7 / 6) = 1 + (9 - 4) / 3
(3 / 2) + (7 / 6) = 1 + (5 / 3)
8 / 3 = 8 / 3
17-0437