NELSON 2006 Arbol Peces
NELSON 2006 Arbol Peces
NELSON 2006 Arbol Peces
PHYLUM CHORDATA15
Subphylum Craniata 18
Superclass Myxinomorphi to Osteostracomorphi 21–33
Superclass Gnathostomata 34
Class Placodermi, 35
Class Chondrichthyes, 39
Subclass Holocephali, 42
Order Chimaeriformes, 45
Subclass Elasmobranchii, 47
Order Heterodontiformes, 54
Order Orectolobiformes, 54
Order Lamniformes, 57
Order Carcharhiniformes, 60
Order Hexanchiformes, 64
Order Echinorhiniformes, 65
Order Squaliformes, 66
Order Squatiniformes, 68
Order Pristiophoriformes, 69
Order Torpediniformes, 71
Order Pristiformes, 73
Order Rajiformes, 73
Order Myliobatiformes, 76
Class Acanthodii, 83
Class Actinopterygii, 87
Subclass Cladistia, 88
Order Polypteriformes, 88
Subclass Chrondrostei, 90
Order Acipenseriformes, 92
Subclass Neopterygii, 95
Order Lepisosteiformes, 97
Order Amiiformes, 98
Division Teleostei, 100
Subdivision Osteoglossomorpha, 102
Order Hiodontiformes, 103
Order Osteoglossiformes, 104
Subdivision Elopomorpha, 108
Order Elopiformes, 110
Order Albuliformes, 111
Order Anguilliformes, 114
Order Saccopharyngiformes, 124-------- Sale del Clado en Willey 2006
Subdivision Ostarioclupeomorpha (= Otocephala), 126
Superorder Clupeomorpha, 127
Order Clupeiformes, 128
Superorder Ostariophysi, 134
Order Gonorynchiformes, 135
Order Cypriniformes, 139
Order Characiformes, 148
Order Siluriformes, 162
Order Gymnotiformes, 186
Subdivision Euteleostei, 189------- cambia a Cohort Euteleosteomorpha
Superorder Protacanthopterygii, 189
Order Argentiniformes, 190
Order Osmeriformes, 194
Order Salmoniformes, 199
Order Esociformes, 204
Superorder Stenopterygii, 207 ---- desaparece en willey
Order Stomiiformes, 207
Superorder Ateleopodomorpha, 212
Order Ateleopodiformes, 212
Superorder Cyclosquamata, 214
Order Aulopiformes, 214
Superorder Scopelomorpha, 223
Order Myctophiformes, 223
Superorder Lampriomorpha, 226
Order Lampriformes, 226
Superorder Polymixiomorpha, 230
Order Polymixiiformes, 230
Superorder Paracanthopterygii, 231
Order Percopsiformes, 233
Order Gadiformes, 235
Order Ophidiiformes, 243
Order Batrachoidiformes, 248
Order Lophiiformes, 250
Superorder Acanthopterygii, 260
Series Mugilomorpha, 262
Order Mugiliformes, 262
Series Atherinomorpha, 263
Order Atheriniformes, 266
Order Beloniformes, 276
Order Cyprinodontiformes, 282
Series Percomorpha, 293
Order Stephanoberyciformes, 294
Order Beryciformes, 299
Order Zeiformes, 304
Order Gasterosteiformes, 308
Order Synbranchiformes, 316
Order Scorpaeniformes, 318
Order Perciformes, 339
Order Pleuronectiformes, 442
Order Tetraodontiformes, 451
Class Sarcopterygii, 459
Subclass Coelacanthimorpha, 459
Order Coelacanthiformes, 459
Subclass Dipnotetrapodomorpha, 461
Order Ceratodontiformes, 464
Unranked Tetrapodomorpha, 465
Infraclass Tetrapoda, 466
Willey 2012
Class Actinopterygii
Subclass Cladistia
Subclass Chondrostei
Subclass Neopterygii
Infraclass Holostei
Infraclass Teleostei
Supercohort Teleocephala ----organismos vivos
Cohort Elopomorpha
Order Elopiformes
Cambia la agrupación de Order Albuliformes
desendencia con Order Notacanthiformes ----------Orden Nuevo
respecto a Nelson 2006 Order Anguilliformes
Cohort Osteoglossomorpha
Order Hiodontiformes
Order Osteoglossiformes
Cohort Otomorpha (= Otocephala, Ostarioclupeomorpha)
Subcohort Clupei
Order Clupeiformes
Subcohort Ostariophysi
Section Anotophysa Se incluyen secciones que separan
Order Gonorynchiformes los órdenes dentro de la
Section Otophysa subcohorte.
Superorder Cyprinae
Order Cypriniformes
Superorder Characiphysae
Order Characiformes
Order Siluriformes
Order Gymnotiformes
Cohort Euteleosteomorpha
Subcohort Protacanthopterygii
Order Argentiniformes
Suborder Argentinoidei----------------- Aparecen Subordenes
Suborder Alepocephaloidei
Order Salmoniformes
Son clasificadas nuevamente como
Suborder Esocoidei, sedis mutabilis------------------
subórdenes, (son orden en Nelson
Suborder Osmeroidei, sedis mutabilis
2006)
Suborder Salmonoidei, sedis mutabilis
Subcohort Neoteleostei
Neoteleostei incertae sedis Order Ateleopodiformes
Infracohort Stomiatia
Order Stomiatiformes
Infracohort Eurypterygia
Section Aulopa
Order Aulopiformes
Suborder Synodontoidei
Suborder Chlorophthalmoidei
Suborder Alepisauroidei
Suborder Giganturoidei
Section Ctenosquamata
Subsection Myctophata
Order Myctophiformes
Subsection Acanthomorphata
Division Lampridacea
Order Lampridiformes
Division Polymixiacea
Order Polymixiiformes
Division Percopsacea---- se convierte en serie Percopsaria
Order Percopsiformes
Division Gadacea
Order Gadiformes
Suborder Melanonoidei----- Desaparece en Betancurt, 2013
Suborder Macrouroidei
Suborder Gadoidei
Division Stephanoberycacea
Order Stephanoberyciformes
Division Zeacea
Order Zeiformes
Division Berycacea
Order Beryciformes
Division Percomorphacea
Series Smegmamorpharia
Incertae sedis in Smegmamorpharia:
Order Elassomatiformes
Order Mugiliformes
Order Synbranchiformes
Suborder Mastacembeloidei
Suborder Synbranchoidei
Order Gasterosteiformes
Suborder Gasterosteoidei
Suborder Syngnathoidei
Superorder Atherinomorphae
Order Atheriniformes
Order Beloniformes
Suborder Adrianichthyoidei
Suborder Exocoetoidei
Order Cyprinodontiformes
Suborder Aplocheiloidei
Suborder Cyprinodontoidei
Percomorphacea incertae sedis:
Order Acanthuriformes
Order Anabantiformes
Suborder Anabantoidei
Suborder Channoidei
Order Batrachoidiformes
Order Blenniiformes
Order “Caproiformes”
Order Carangiformes
Order Cottiformes
Suborder Cottoidei
Suborder Zoarcoidei
Order Dactylopteriformes
Order Gobiesociformes
Suborder Gobiesocoidei
Suborder Callionymoidei
Order Gobiiformes
Order Icosteiformes
Order Labriformes
Order Lophiiformes
Suborder Lophioidei
Suborder Antennarioidei
Suborder Chaunacoidei
Suborder Ogcocephaloidei
Suborder Ceratioidei
Order Nototheniiformes
Order “Ophidiiformes”
Suborder “Ophidioidei”
Suborder Bythitoidei
Order “Perciformes”
Order Pholidichthyiformes
Order Pleuronectiformes
Suborder Psettodoidei
Suborder Pleuronectoidei
Order Scombriformes
Order Scorpaeniformes new usage
Suborder Scorpaenoidei
Suborder Serranoidei
Order Stromateiformes
Order Tetraodontiformes
Order “Trachiniformes”
BETANCURT 2013
Megaclass Osteichthyes (=Euteleostomi, =Euosteichthyes)
Superclass Actinopterygii (100%)
Class Cladistia (100%)
Order Polypteriformes
Polypteridae
Class Actinopteri (100%)
Subclass Chondrostei, (100%)
Order Acipenseriformes
Acipenseridae
Polyodontidae
Subclass Neopterygii (100%)
Infraclass Holostei (100%)
Order Amiiformes
Amiidae
Order Lepisosteiformes (100%)
Lepisosteidae
Infraclass Teleostei (100%)
Megacohort Elopocephalai sensu Arratia (1999) (100%)
Supercohort Elopocephala (100%)
Cohort Elopomorpha (100%)
Order Elopiformes (100%)
Elopidae
Megalopidae
Order Albuliformes (100%)
Albulidae
Order Notacanthiformes (100%)
Halosauridae
Notacanthidae
Order Anguilliformes (100%)
Anguillidae
Congridae
Eurypharyngidae
Muraenesocidae
Muraenidae
Nemichthyidae
Ophichthidae
Saccopharyngidae
Serrivomeridae
Not
examined: Chlopsidae, Colocongridae, Cyematidae, Derichthyidae, H
eterenchelyidae, Monognathidae, Moringuidae, Myrocongridae, Netta
stomatidae, Protanguillidae, Synaphobranchidae.
Comment: Suborders recognized in Wiley and Johnson (2010) based on
previous work cited therein are significantly incongruent with the clades
obtained in this analysis; thus, no subordinal classification is proposed.
Megacohort Osteoglossocephalai sensu Arratia (1999) (38%)
Supercohort Osteoglossocephala sensu Arratia (1999) (99%)
Cohort Osteoglossomorpha
Order Hiodontiformes (100%)
Hiodontidae
Order Osteoglossiformes (100%)
Arapaimidae
Gymnarchidae
Mormyridae
Notopteridae
Osteoglossidae
Pantodontidae
Supercohort Clupeocephala sensu Arratia (2010) (100%)
Cohort Otomorpha (=Otocephala, Ostarioclupeomorpha) (100%)
Subcohort Clupei (87%)
Order Clupeiformes
Suborder Denticipitoidei
Denticipitidae
Suborder Clupeoidei (100%)
Chirocentridae
Clupeidae (not monophyletic)
Engraulidae
Pristigasteridae
Not examined: Dussumieriidae, Sundasalangidae.
Comment: family-level groupings may require major revision;
Pristigasteridae, Chirocentridae and Engraulidae are supported
by other molecular studies, but not Clupeidae (Li and Ortí,
2007;Lavoué et al., 2013) ; five well-supported lineages identified
by Lavoué et al., (2013) could become new families.
Subcohort Alepocephali (100%)
Order Alepocephaliformes
Alepocephalidae (not monophyletic)
Platytroctidae
Not examined: Leptochilichthyidae.
Subcohort Ostariophysi (100%)
Section Anotophysa (97%)
Order Gonorynchiformes
Suborder Gonorynchoidei
Gonorynchidae
Suborder Chanoidei
Chanidae
Suborder Knerioidei (100%)
Kneriidae
Section Otophysa (100%)
Superorder Cypriniphysae (100%)
Order Cypriniformes
Botiidae
Catostomidae
Cobitidae
Cyprinidae
Gyrinocheilidae
Nemacheilidae
Not
examined: Balitoridae, Barbuccidae, Ellopostomatid
ae, Psilorhynchidae, Serpenticobitidae, Vaillantellid
ae.
Superorder Characiphysae (100%)
Order Gymnotiformes (100%)
Suborder Gymnotoidei (not monophyletic)
Gymnotidae (not monophyletic)
Suborder Sternopygoidei (not monophyletic)
Apteronotidae
Rhamphichthyidae
Sternopygidae (not monophyletic)
Not examined: Hypopomidae.
Comment: Although not monophyletic here, the monophyly
gymnotiform suborders is corroborated by Albert and
Crampton (2005).
Order Characiformes (100%)
Suborder Citharinoidei (not monophyletic)
Citharinidae
Distichodontidae
Suborder Characoidei (not monophyletic)
Acestrorhynchidae
Alestidae
Bryconidae
Chalceidae
Characidae
Chilodontidae
Crenuchidae
Ctenoluciidae
Cynodontidae
Erythrinidae
Gasteropelecidae
Hemiodontidae
Hepsetidae
Lebiasinidae
Parodontidae
Prochilodontidae
Serrasalmidae
Triportheidae
Not
examined: Anostomidae, Curimatidae, Iguanodectid
ae.
Comment: Although not monophyletic in this analysis, the
monophyly of characiform suborders has been corroborated
by other molecular studies (Calcagnotto et al., 2005).
Order Siluriformes (100%)
Suborder Loricaroidei (93%)
Astroblepidae
Callichthyidae
Loricariidae
Nematogenyidae
Trichomycteridae
Suborder Diplomystoidei
Diplomystidae
Suborder Siluroidei (100%)
Akysidae
Amblycipitidae
Amphiliidae
Anchariidae
Ariidae
Auchenipteridae
Bagridae
Cetopsidae
Chacidae
Clariidae
Claroteidae
Cranoglanididae
Doradidae
Heptapteridae
Heteropneustidae
Horabagridae
Ictaluridae
Malapteruridae
Mochokidae
Pangasiidae
Pimelodidae
Plotosidae
Pseudopimelodidae
Schilbeidae
Siluridae
Sisoridae
Not
examined: Aspredinidae, Austroglanididae, Erethisti
dae, Lacantuniidae, Olyridae, Scoloplacidae.
Supercohort Clupeocephala (cont.)
Cohort Euteleosteomorpha (100%)
Subcohort Lepidogalaxii
Order Lepidogalaxiiformes
Lepidogalaxiidae
Subcohort Protacanthopterygii sedis mutabilis (37%)
Order Galaxiiformes (100%)
Galaxiidae
Order Argentiniformes (100%)
Argentinidae
Bathylagidae
Microstomatidae
Opisthoproctidae
Order Salmoniformes (100%)
Salmonidae
Order Esociformes (100%)
Esocidae
Umbridae
Subcohort Stomiatii (73%)
Order Stomiatiformes (=Stomiiformes) (100%)
Diplophidae
Gonostomatidae
Phosichthyidae (not monophyletic)
Sternoptychidae
Stomiidae
Order Osmeriformes (100%)
Osmeridae
Plecoglossidae
Retropinnidae
Salangidae
Subcohort Neoteleostei (100%)
Infracohort Ateleopodia (100%)
Order Ateleopodiformes
Ateleopodidae
Infracohort Eurypterygia (96%)
Section Aulopa (100%)
Order Aulopiformes
Suborder Aulopoidei (not monophyletic)
Aulopidae
Pseudotrichonotidae
Synodontidae (not monophyletic)
Suborder Paraulopoidei
Paraulopidae
Suborder Alepisauroidei (not monophyletic)
Alepisauridae
Bathysauridae
Chlorophthalmidae (not monophyletic)
Evermannellidae
Giganturidae
Ipnopidae (not monophyletic)
Notosudidae
Paralepididae (not monophyletic)
Scopelarchidae (not monophyletic)
Sudidae
Not examined: Bathysauroididae, Bathysauropsidae.
Comment: Suborders and families listed are as in (2010). Although not
monophyletic herein, the monophyly aulopiform suborders is supported
by Davis (2010).
Section Ctenosquamata (97%)
Subsection Myctophata (100%)
Order Myctophiformes
Myctophidae
Neoscopelidae
Subsection Acanthomorphata (97%)
Division Lampridacea (100%)
Order Lampridiformes
Lamprididae
Lophotidae
Regalecidae
Trachipteridae
Not examined: Radiicephalidae, Veliferidae.
Division Paracanthomorphacea sensu Grande et al. (2013) (93%)
Series Percopsaria (100%)
Order Percopsiformes
Amblyopsidae
Aphredoderidae
Percopsidae
Se incluye la serie Series Zeiogadaria (=Zeiogadiformes sensu Li et al., 2009) (98%)
Subseries Zeariae (100%)
Order Zeiformes
Parazenidae
Zeidae
Zenionidae
Not
examined: Cyttidae, Grammicolepidid
ae, Oreosomatidae.
Subseries Gadariae (100%)
Order Stylephoriformes (sensu Miya et al.,
2007)-----Nuevo Orden
Stylephoridae
Order Gadiformes (100%)
Suborder Macrouroidei
Macrouridae (not
monophyletic)
Steindachneriidae
Suborder Gadoidei (not monophyletic)
Gadidae
Lotidae (not monophyletic)
Merlucciidae
Moridae
Phycidae
Not
examined: Bregmacerotidae,
Euclichthyidae, Melanonidae.
Suborder Muraenolepidoidei----- Nuevo Orden
Muraenolepididae
Comment: The subordinal classification
follows Roa-Varón and Orti (2009): fig. 6.
Division Polymixiacea (100%) Cambia la agrupación de
Order Polymixiiformes descendencia.
Polymixiidae