We model the evolution of eukaryotic protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks. In our model, PPI networks evolve by two known biological mechanisms: (1) Gene duplication, which is followed by rapid diversification of duplicate interactions. (2) Neofuncti

This document provides recommendations for modifications to the current TMDD standard. Its goal is to provide a foundation for modernizing the standard. This document specifically provides recommendations for implementing this project’s gap analysis recommendations related to providing security guidance for each approved transmission protocol. Included in this document are recommendations related to a new volume of the specification dealing with minimum security requirements and security recommendations for each data transmission protocol.

North Pacific sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) were extensively harvested in the 19^th and 20^th centuries. Sperm whale populations are no longer in danger of extinction from commercial harvesting. However, less quantifiable threats, such as interactions with fisheries and the unknown impacts on anthropogenic sound, still pose a danger to sperm whale populations. Enhancing our understanding of sperm whale abundance and stock structure in the North Pacific will enable researchers to monitor the recovery of sperm whale populations and effectively allocate conservation resources based on current threats. This paper reviews our understanding of sperm whale life history and available abundance and stock structure data (historic and current) for Northern Pacific sperm whales. This review also addresses types of research necessary to adequately assess sperm whale status going forward.

This music score was submitted for the Kaleidoscope 2020 Call for Scores, an open access collaboration with the UCLA Music Library.

Basic nutrition facts (including USDA's MyPyramid for Kids), and how to apply them when preparing lunch for young children. Sample menus included.