siphash.h

/* ==========================================================================
 * siphash.h - SipHash-2-4 in a single header file
 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * Derived by William Ahern from the reference implementation[1] published[2]
 * by Jean-Philippe Aumasson and Daniel J. Berstein.
 * Minimal changes by Sebastian Pipping and Victor Stinner on top, see below.
 * Licensed under the CC0 Public Domain Dedication license.
 *
 * 1. https://www.131002.net/siphash/siphash24.c
 * 2. https://www.131002.net/siphash/
 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * HISTORY:
 *
 * 2020-10-03  (Sebastian Pipping)
 *   - Drop support for Visual Studio 9.0/2008 and earlier
 *
 * 2019-08-03  (Sebastian Pipping)
 *   - Mark part of sip24_valid as to be excluded from clang-format
 *   - Re-format code using clang-format 9
 *
 * 2018-07-08  (Anton Maklakov)
 *   - Add "fall through" markers for GCC's -Wimplicit-fallthrough
 *
 * 2017-11-03  (Sebastian Pipping)
 *   - Hide sip_tobin and sip_binof unless SIPHASH_TOBIN macro is defined
 *
 * 2017-07-25  (Vadim Zeitlin)
 *   - Fix use of SIPHASH_MAIN macro
 *
 * 2017-07-05  (Sebastian Pipping)
 *   - Use _SIP_ULL macro to not require a C++11 compiler if compiled as C++
 *   - Add const qualifiers at two places
 *   - Ensure <=80 characters line length (assuming tab width 4)
 *
 * 2017-06-23  (Victor Stinner)
 *   - Address Win64 compile warnings
 *
 * 2017-06-18  (Sebastian Pipping)
 *   - Clarify license note in the header
 *   - Address C89 issues:
 *     - Stop using inline keyword (and let compiler decide)
 *     - Replace _Bool by int
 *     - Turn macro siphash24 into a function
 *     - Address invalid conversion (void pointer) by explicit cast
 *   - Address lack of stdint.h for Visual Studio 2003 to 2008
 *   - Always expose sip24_valid (for self-tests)
 *
 * 2012-11-04 - Born.  (William Ahern)
 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * USAGE:
 *
 * SipHash-2-4 takes as input two 64-bit words as the key, some number of
 * message bytes, and outputs a 64-bit word as the message digest. This
 * implementation employs two data structures: a struct sipkey for
 * representing the key, and a struct siphash for representing the hash
 * state.
 *
 * For converting a 16-byte unsigned char array to a key, use either the
 * macro sip_keyof or the routine sip_tokey. The former instantiates a
 * compound literal key, while the latter requires a key object as a
 * parameter.
 *
 * 	unsigned char secret[16];
 * 	arc4random_buf(secret, sizeof secret);
 * 	struct sipkey *key = sip_keyof(secret);
 *
 * For hashing a message, use either the convenience macro siphash24 or the
 * routines sip24_init, sip24_update, and sip24_final.
 *
 * 	struct siphash state;
 * 	void *msg;
 * 	size_t len;
 * 	uint64_t hash;
 *
 * 	sip24_init(&state, key);
 * 	sip24_update(&state, msg, len);
 * 	hash = sip24_final(&state);
 *
 * or
 *
 * 	hash = siphash24(msg, len, key);
 *
 * To convert the 64-bit hash value to a canonical 8-byte little-endian
 * binary representation, use either the macro sip_binof or the routine
 * sip_tobin. The former instantiates and returns a compound literal array,
 * while the latter requires an array object as a parameter.
 * --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 * NOTES:
 *
 * o Neither sip_keyof, sip_binof, nor siphash24 will work with compilers
 *   lacking compound literal support. Instead, you must use the lower-level
 *   interfaces which take as parameters the temporary state objects.
 *
 * o Uppercase macros may evaluate parameters more than once. Lowercase
 *   macros should not exhibit any such side effects.
 * ==========================================================================
 */
#ifndef SIPHASH_H
#define SIPHASH_H

#include <stddef.h> /* size_t */
#include <stdint.h> /* uint64_t uint32_t uint8_t */

/*
 * Workaround to not require a C++11 compiler for using ULL suffix
 * if this code is included and compiled as C++; related GCC warning is:
 * warning: use of C++11 long long integer constant [-Wlong-long]
 */
#define SIP_ULL(high, low) ((((uint64_t)high) << 32) | (low))

#define SIP_ROTL(x, b) (uint64_t)(((x) << (b)) | ((x) >> (64 - (b))))

#define SIP_U32TO8_LE(p, v)                                                    \
  (p)[0] = (uint8_t)((v) >> 0);                                                \
  (p)[1] = (uint8_t)((v) >> 8);                                                \
  (p)[2] = (uint8_t)((v) >> 16);                                               \
  (p)[3] = (uint8_t)((v) >> 24);

#define SIP_U64TO8_LE(p, v)                                                    \
  SIP_U32TO8_LE((p) + 0, (uint32_t)((v) >> 0));                                \
  SIP_U32TO8_LE((p) + 4, (uint32_t)((v) >> 32));

#define SIP_U8TO64_LE(p)                                                       \
  (((uint64_t)((p)[0]) << 0) | ((uint64_t)((p)[1]) << 8)                       \
   | ((uint64_t)((p)[2]) << 16) | ((uint64_t)((p)[3]) << 24)                   \
   | ((uint64_t)((p)[4]) << 32) | ((uint64_t)((p)[5]) << 40)                   \
   | ((uint64_t)((p)[6]) << 48) | ((uint64_t)((p)[7]) << 56))

#define SIPHASH_INITIALIZER {0, 0, 0, 0, {0}, 0, 0}

struct siphash {
  uint64_t v0, v1, v2, v3;

  unsigned char buf[8], *p;
  uint64_t c;
}; /* struct siphash */

#define SIP_KEYLEN 16

struct sipkey {
  uint64_t k[2];
}; /* struct sipkey */

#define sip_keyof(k) sip_tokey(&(struct sipkey){{0}}, (k))

static struct sipkey *
sip_tokey(struct sipkey *key, const void *src) {
  key->k[0] = SIP_U8TO64_LE((const unsigned char *)src);
  key->k[1] = SIP_U8TO64_LE((const unsigned char *)src + 8);
  return key;
} /* sip_tokey() */

#ifdef SIPHASH_TOBIN

#  define sip_binof(v) sip_tobin((unsigned char[8]){0}, (v))

static void *
sip_tobin(void *dst, uint64_t u64) {
  SIP_U64TO8_LE((unsigned char *)dst, u64);
  return dst;
} /* sip_tobin() */

#endif /* SIPHASH_TOBIN */

static void
sip_round(struct siphash *H, const int rounds) {
  int i;

  for (i = 0; i < rounds; i++) {
    H->v0 += H->v1;
    H->v1 = SIP_ROTL(H->v1, 13);
    H->v1 ^= H->v0;
    H->v0 = SIP_ROTL(H->v0, 32);

    H->v2 += H->v3;
    H->v3 = SIP_ROTL(H->v3, 16);
    H->v3 ^= H->v2;

    H->v0 += H->v3;
    H->v3 = SIP_ROTL(H->v3, 21);
    H->v3 ^= H->v0;

    H->v2 += H->v1;
    H->v1 = SIP_ROTL(H->v1, 17);
    H->v1 ^= H->v2;
    H->v2 = SIP_ROTL(H->v2, 32);
  }
} /* sip_round() */

static struct siphash *
sip24_init(struct siphash *H, const struct sipkey *key) {
  H->v0 = SIP_ULL(0x736f6d65U, 0x70736575U) ^ key->k[0];
  H->v1 = SIP_ULL(0x646f7261U, 0x6e646f6dU) ^ key->k[1];
  H->v2 = SIP_ULL(0x6c796765U, 0x6e657261U) ^ key->k[0];
  H->v3 = SIP_ULL(0x74656462U, 0x79746573U) ^ key->k[1];

  H->p = H->buf;
  H->c = 0;

  return H;
} /* sip24_init() */

#define sip_endof(a) (&(a)[sizeof(a) / sizeof *(a)])

static struct siphash *
sip24_update(struct siphash *H, const void *src, size_t len) {
  const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char *)src, *pe = p + len;
  uint64_t m;

  do {
    while (p < pe && H->p < sip_endof(H->buf))
      *H->p++ = *p++;

    if (H->p < sip_endof(H->buf))
      break;

    m = SIP_U8TO64_LE(H->buf);
    H->v3 ^= m;
    sip_round(H, 2);
    H->v0 ^= m;

    H->p = H->buf;
    H->c += 8;
  } while (p < pe);

  return H;
} /* sip24_update() */

static uint64_t
sip24_final(struct siphash *H) {
  const char left = (char)(H->p - H->buf);
  uint64_t b = (H->c + left) << 56;

  switch (left) {
  case 7:
    b |= (uint64_t)H->buf[6] << 48;
    /* fall through */
  case 6:
    b |= (uint64_t)H->buf[5] << 40;
    /* fall through */
  case 5:
    b |= (uint64_t)H->buf[4] << 32;
    /* fall through */
  case 4:
    b |= (uint64_t)H->buf[3] << 24;
    /* fall through */
  case 3:
    b |= (uint64_t)H->buf[2] << 16;
    /* fall through */
  case 2:
    b |= (uint64_t)H->buf[1] << 8;
    /* fall through */
  case 1:
    b |= (uint64_t)H->buf[0] << 0;
    /* fall through */
  case 0:
    break;
  }

  H->v3 ^= b;
  sip_round(H, 2);
  H->v0 ^= b;
  H->v2 ^= 0xff;
  sip_round(H, 4);

  return H->v0 ^ H->v1 ^ H->v2 ^ H->v3;
} /* sip24_final() */

static uint64_t
siphash24(const void *src, size_t len, const struct sipkey *key) {
  struct siphash state = SIPHASH_INITIALIZER;
  return sip24_final(sip24_update(sip24_init(&state, key), src, len));
} /* siphash24() */

/*
 * SipHash-2-4 output with
 * k = 00 01 02 ...
 * and
 * in = (empty string)
 * in = 00 (1 byte)
 * in = 00 01 (2 bytes)
 * in = 00 01 02 (3 bytes)
 * ...
 * in = 00 01 02 ... 3e (63 bytes)
 */
static int
sip24_valid(void) {
  /* clang-format off */
  static const unsigned char vectors[64][8] = {
    { 0x31, 0x0e, 0x0e, 0xdd, 0x47, 0xdb, 0x6f, 0x72, },
    { 0xfd, 0x67, 0xdc, 0x93, 0xc5, 0x39, 0xf8, 0x74, },
    { 0x5a, 0x4f, 0xa9, 0xd9, 0x09, 0x80, 0x6c, 0x0d, },
    { 0x2d, 0x7e, 0xfb, 0xd7, 0x96, 0x66, 0x67, 0x85, },
    { 0xb7, 0x87, 0x71, 0x27, 0xe0, 0x94, 0x27, 0xcf, },
    { 0x8d, 0xa6, 0x99, 0xcd, 0x64, 0x55, 0x76, 0x18, },
    { 0xce, 0xe3, 0xfe, 0x58, 0x6e, 0x46, 0xc9, 0xcb, },
    { 0x37, 0xd1, 0x01, 0x8b, 0xf5, 0x00, 0x02, 0xab, },
    { 0x62, 0x24, 0x93, 0x9a, 0x79, 0xf5, 0xf5, 0x93, },
    { 0xb0, 0xe4, 0xa9, 0x0b, 0xdf, 0x82, 0x00, 0x9e, },
    { 0xf3, 0xb9, 0xdd, 0x94, 0xc5, 0xbb, 0x5d, 0x7a, },
    { 0xa7, 0xad, 0x6b, 0x22, 0x46, 0x2f, 0xb3, 0xf4, },
    { 0xfb, 0xe5, 0x0e, 0x86, 0xbc, 0x8f, 0x1e, 0x75, },
    { 0x90, 0x3d, 0x84, 0xc0, 0x27, 0x56, 0xea, 0x14, },
    { 0xee, 0xf2, 0x7a, 0x8e, 0x90, 0xca, 0x23, 0xf7, },
    { 0xe5, 0x45, 0xbe, 0x49, 0x61, 0xca, 0x29, 0xa1, },
    { 0xdb, 0x9b, 0xc2, 0x57, 0x7f, 0xcc, 0x2a, 0x3f, },
    { 0x94, 0x47, 0xbe, 0x2c, 0xf5, 0xe9, 0x9a, 0x69, },
    { 0x9c, 0xd3, 0x8d, 0x96, 0xf0, 0xb3, 0xc1, 0x4b, },
    { 0xbd, 0x61, 0x79, 0xa7, 0x1d, 0xc9, 0x6d, 0xbb, },
    { 0x98, 0xee, 0xa2, 0x1a, 0xf2, 0x5c, 0xd6, 0xbe, },
    { 0xc7, 0x67, 0x3b, 0x2e, 0xb0, 0xcb, 0xf2, 0xd0, },
    { 0x88, 0x3e, 0xa3, 0xe3, 0x95, 0x67, 0x53, 0x93, },
    { 0xc8, 0xce, 0x5c, 0xcd, 0x8c, 0x03, 0x0c, 0xa8, },
    { 0x94, 0xaf, 0x49, 0xf6, 0xc6, 0x50, 0xad, 0xb8, },
    { 0xea, 0xb8, 0x85, 0x8a, 0xde, 0x92, 0xe1, 0xbc, },
    { 0xf3, 0x15, 0xbb, 0x5b, 0xb8, 0x35, 0xd8, 0x17, },
    { 0xad, 0xcf, 0x6b, 0x07, 0x63, 0x61, 0x2e, 0x2f, },
    { 0xa5, 0xc9, 0x1d, 0xa7, 0xac, 0xaa, 0x4d, 0xde, },
    { 0x71, 0x65, 0x95, 0x87, 0x66, 0x50, 0xa2, 0xa6, },
    { 0x28, 0xef, 0x49, 0x5c, 0x53, 0xa3, 0x87, 0xad, },
    { 0x42, 0xc3, 0x41, 0xd8, 0xfa, 0x92, 0xd8, 0x32, },
    { 0xce, 0x7c, 0xf2, 0x72, 0x2f, 0x51, 0x27, 0x71, },
    { 0xe3, 0x78, 0x59, 0xf9, 0x46, 0x23, 0xf3, 0xa7, },
    { 0x38, 0x12, 0x05, 0xbb, 0x1a, 0xb0, 0xe0, 0x12, },
    { 0xae, 0x97, 0xa1, 0x0f, 0xd4, 0x34, 0xe0, 0x15, },
    { 0xb4, 0xa3, 0x15, 0x08, 0xbe, 0xff, 0x4d, 0x31, },
    { 0x81, 0x39, 0x62, 0x29, 0xf0, 0x90, 0x79, 0x02, },
    { 0x4d, 0x0c, 0xf4, 0x9e, 0xe5, 0xd4, 0xdc, 0xca, },
    { 0x5c, 0x73, 0x33, 0x6a, 0x76, 0xd8, 0xbf, 0x9a, },
    { 0xd0, 0xa7, 0x04, 0x53, 0x6b, 0xa9, 0x3e, 0x0e, },
    { 0x92, 0x59, 0x58, 0xfc, 0xd6, 0x42, 0x0c, 0xad, },
    { 0xa9, 0x15, 0xc2, 0x9b, 0xc8, 0x06, 0x73, 0x18, },
    { 0x95, 0x2b, 0x79, 0xf3, 0xbc, 0x0a, 0xa6, 0xd4, },
    { 0xf2, 0x1d, 0xf2, 0xe4, 0x1d, 0x45, 0x35, 0xf9, },
    { 0x87, 0x57, 0x75, 0x19, 0x04, 0x8f, 0x53, 0xa9, },
    { 0x10, 0xa5, 0x6c, 0xf5, 0xdf, 0xcd, 0x9a, 0xdb, },
    { 0xeb, 0x75, 0x09, 0x5c, 0xcd, 0x98, 0x6c, 0xd0, },
    { 0x51, 0xa9, 0xcb, 0x9e, 0xcb, 0xa3, 0x12, 0xe6, },
    { 0x96, 0xaf, 0xad, 0xfc, 0x2c, 0xe6, 0x66, 0xc7, },
    { 0x72, 0xfe, 0x52, 0x97, 0x5a, 0x43, 0x64, 0xee, },
    { 0x5a, 0x16, 0x45, 0xb2, 0x76, 0xd5, 0x92, 0xa1, },
    { 0xb2, 0x74, 0xcb, 0x8e, 0xbf, 0x87, 0x87, 0x0a, },
    { 0x6f, 0x9b, 0xb4, 0x20, 0x3d, 0xe7, 0xb3, 0x81, },
    { 0xea, 0xec, 0xb2, 0xa3, 0x0b, 0x22, 0xa8, 0x7f, },
    { 0x99, 0x24, 0xa4, 0x3c, 0xc1, 0x31, 0x57, 0x24, },
    { 0xbd, 0x83, 0x8d, 0x3a, 0xaf, 0xbf, 0x8d, 0xb7, },
    { 0x0b, 0x1a, 0x2a, 0x32, 0x65, 0xd5, 0x1a, 0xea, },
    { 0x13, 0x50, 0x79, 0xa3, 0x23, 0x1c, 0xe6, 0x60, },
    { 0x93, 0x2b, 0x28, 0x46, 0xe4, 0xd7, 0x06, 0x66, },
    { 0xe1, 0x91, 0x5f, 0x5c, 0xb1, 0xec, 0xa4, 0x6c, },
    { 0xf3, 0x25, 0x96, 0x5c, 0xa1, 0x6d, 0x62, 0x9f, },
    { 0x57, 0x5f, 0xf2, 0x8e, 0x60, 0x38, 0x1b, 0xe5, },
    { 0x72, 0x45, 0x06, 0xeb, 0x4c, 0x32, 0x8a, 0x95, }
  };
  /* clang-format on */

  unsigned char in[64];
  struct sipkey k;
  size_t i;

  sip_tokey(&k, "\000\001\002\003\004\005\006\007\010\011"
                "\012\013\014\015\016\017");

  for (i = 0; i < sizeof in; ++i) {
    in[i] = (unsigned char)i;

    if (siphash24(in, i, &k) != SIP_U8TO64_LE(vectors[i]))
      return 0;
  }

  return 1;
} /* sip24_valid() */

#ifdef SIPHASH_MAIN

#  include <stdio.h>

int
main(void) {
  const int ok = sip24_valid();

  if (ok)
    puts("OK");
  else
    puts("FAIL");

  return ! ok;
} /* main() */

#endif /* SIPHASH_MAIN */

#endif /* SIPHASH_H */