Alfin Budi Baja
Alfin Budi Baja
Alfin Budi Baja
1 E
4 8
C F
7 2.9
5 9 12
1
3 11
A 2 6 10 13 H
a
B D G
L = 17.2 m
Digunakan :
Baja ST 37
sd = 3151.67 Kg/cm2
PROSEDUR KERJA
C F H
A H
a
B D G
4.3 m 4.3 m 4.3 m 4.3 m
17.20 m
17.20 m
AB = BD = DG = GH = = 4.3 m
4
PERHITUNGAN SUDUT
Sin a = 0.31953
1
Cos a = 0.94758
A
a Tan a = 0.33721
2
4 Panjang BC
C Sin b =
a Panjang CD
a b
1.45
1 =
3 5 4.54
b
= 0.32
B 6 D
B D
Panjang BD 4.30
Cos b = = = 0.95
Panjang CD 4.54
Panjang BC 1.45
Tan b = = = 0.34
Panjang BD 4.30
2. MENGHITUNG BEBAN - BEBAN
Uraian :
a. Beban Atap
L' m
L' m
b. Beban Angin
P Tekanan Angin (P) = 25 Kg/m2 (sesuai PMI 1970)
P Koefisien Angin (c1) = 0,02a - 0,4
P = -0.027
P (belakang angin untuk semua a)
P c2 = -0.4
W = c1 x a x P
= -0.027 x 1.513 x 25
= -1.033 Kg/m
a
~ Mx = 1/8 W b2 = -2.065 Kg.m
My = 0
c. Beban Tak Terduga
P = 100 Kg
P
Px ~ Px = P.Sin a = 31.953 Kg
Py Py = P.Cos a = 94.758 Kg
~ Mx = 1/4 Py b = 94.758 Kg.m
My = 1/4 Px b = 31.953 Kg.m
a
d. Beban Gording
q ~ = Kg/m
qx qx = q.Sin a 7.030
qy qy = q.Cos a = 20.847 Kg/m
~ Mx = 1/8 qy b2 = 41.693 Kg.m
My = 1/8 qx b2 = 14.059 Kg.m
a
Kombinasi Pembebanan :
Ambil Maksimalnya :
Mx = 279.784 Kg.m
My = 94.346 Kg.m
Mx My
Kontrol : Wx + Wy < s Dimana s
leleh
s = 1.5
4788
s = = 3192.00 Kg/cm2 ( Untuk Bj A36)
1.5
Wy diambil = 1/8 Wx
Mx My Mx + 8 My
+ < s < s
Wx (1/8)WX Wx
Misalkan : Mx + 8 My
= s
Wx
Mx My
Kontrol : + < s
Wx Wy
279.78 94.346
(
116
+
18.3
) . 100 < s
x
h
x
y
b
Mengontrol Lendutan :
a. Beban Mati
1. Berat Kuda - kuda
Rumus Penaksiran :
P = ( L + 2 ) L.b s/d ( L + 5 ) L.b
Sehingga beban total di titik A = H = 1/2 berat atap AC + berat atap overStek
P = 453.790 + 160.000
= 613.790 Kg
3. Berat Gording
P=qxb Untuk titik A,H = 2P = 150.400 Kg
= 18.8 x 4 Untuk titik C dan F = 3P = 225.600 Kg
= 75.200 Kg Untuk titik E = 4P = 300.800 Kg
C F
A
REKAPITULASI BEBAN KONSTRUKSI :
Titik Buhul A,H C dan F E
Beban Kuda2x 173.720 347.440 347.440
Beban Atap 613.790 907.579 907.579
Beban Gording 150.400 225.600 300.800
TOTAL 937.910 1480.619 1555.819
b. Beban Angin
1/2 P 1/2 P
P P
E
1/2 P + OVER
C F 1/2 P + OV
A
Tekanan Angin(P)= 25 Kg/m2
1. Koefisien tekanan angin (c1) =0,02a - 0,4 a= 18.63458
= -0.02731
Sehingga beban angin tekan = P x c1 x b x AC
= 25 x -0.02731 x 4 x 4.538
= -12.392 Kg
Pada titik E = 1/2 x -12.39
= -6.196 Kg
Sehingga beban angin di titik A = 1/2 beban angin tekan bentang AC + beban OverStek
= -6.196 + -2.185
= -8.381 Kg
Sehingga beban angin pada titik H = 1/2 beban angin hisap bentang FH + beban Stek
= -90.7579 + ( -32.000 )
= -122.76 Kg
P2 E P2
4 8
C F
P1 P1
###
5 7 9
1 12
3 11 H
11.50o
A
VA 2 B 6 D 10 G 13 VH
P1 = 937.910 Kg
P2 = 1480.619 Kg
P3 = 1555.819 Kg
TITIK A
SV = 0
S1
S1 Sin a = P1 - VA
P1 0.320 S1 = -2258.529
S1 = -7068.254 kg (Tekan)
A a SH = 0
S2
S2 = - S1 Cos a
S2 = - ( S1 Cos a )
VA = - ( -7068.25 x 0.94758 )
= 6697.706 kg (Tarik)
TITIK B
SH = 0
S6 = S 2
S6 = 6697.706 kg (Tarik)
S3
S6 SV = 0
S2 S3 = 0.000 Kg
B
TITIK C
SV = 0
P2 S4 Sin a - S5 Sin b = P2 + S3 + S1 Sin a
S4
0.32 S4 - 0.319531 S5 = -777.9096 ………….(1)
C
a SH = 0
b
a S4 Cos a + S5 Cos b = S1 Cos a
0.948 S4 + 0.947576 S5 = -6697.71 ………….(2)
S1 S5
S3
Eliminasi persamaan (1) dengan (2) :
0.320 S 4 - 0.320 S5 = -777.910 0.948 0.303 S4 - 0.303 S5 = -737.128
0.948 S4 + 0.948 S5 = -6697.706 0.320 0.303 S4 + 0.303 S5 = -2140.127 +
0.606 S4 = -2877.255
S4 = -4751.394 Kg
Subtitusi ke persamaan (2) akan diperoleh (Tekan)
S5 = -2316.861 Kg (Tekan)
TITIK E
P3
SH = 0
S8 Cos a = S4 Cos a
S8 = S4
E
S8 = -4751.394 Kg (Tekan)
a a
SV = 0
S4 S8
S7 = - ( P3 + S4 Sin a + S8 Sin a )
= - 1480.619 Kg (Tarik)
S7
TITIK D
SV = 0
S7 S9 Sin b = - ( S7 + S5 Sin b )
S5 S9
0.320 S9 = -740.310
S9 = -2316.861 Kg (Tekan)
b b S10
S6
D
SH = 0
S10 = S6 +S5 Cos b - S9 Cos b
S10 = 6697.706 Kg (Tarik)
###
7
1 5 9 12
A 3 11 H
ao
HA 2 6 D 10 G 13
B
VA VH
a = o
18.63458488
Cos a = 0.948 P1 = -8.381 Kg P3 = -6.196 Kg
Sin a = 0.320 P2 = -12.392 Kg P4 = 90.758 Kg
P5 = 181.516 Kg
P6 = 122.758 Kg
S MH = 0
S MA = 0
SH=0
HA = ( P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 + P5 + P6 ) x Sin a
= 368.0626 x 0.3195
HA = 117.608 Kg
Kontrol
SV=0
VA + VH + ( P4 + P5 + P6 ) x Cos a = ( P1 + P2 + P3 ) x Cos a
TITIK A
SV = 0
S1 Sin a = P1 Cos a - VA
0.320 S1 = -7.94142 - -114.795
P1 S1
= 106.854
S1 = 334.4086 Kg (Tarik)
A
a S2
HA SH = 0
S2 = HA - ( S1 Cos a + P1 Sin a )
VA
= -196.592 Kg (Tekan)
TITIK B
SV=0
S3 = 0.000 Kg
S3
SH=0
S6 S6 = S2
S2
B = -196.592 Kg (Tekan)
TITIK C
SH=0
S4 Cos a + S5 Cos b = S1 Cos a - P2 Sin a
P2 S4 0.948 S4 + 0.948 S5 = 320.837 …………..(3)
C
a SV=0
a b S4 Sin a - S5 Sin b = S3 + S1 Sin a + P2 Cos a
0.320 S4 - 0.3195 S5 = 95.111 …………..(4)
S1
S3 S5
0.606 S 192.643
4 =
S4 = 318.123 Kg
(Tarik)
Subtitusi ke persamaan (3) akan diperoleh
S5 = 20.464 Kg (Tarik)
TITIK E
SH=0
S7 SV=0
S5 S9 S9 Sin b = ( - S7) - S5 Sin b
0.320 S9 = ( 102.318 ) - 6.539
= 95.779
S9 = 299.749 Kg (Tarik)
b b S10
S6
D SH=0
S10 = S6 + S5 Cos b - S9 Cos b
= -196.592 + 19.39125 - 284.034
S10 = -461.235 Kg (Tekan)
TITIK F
SH=0
S8 S12 Cos a = S8 Cos a + S9 Cos b - P5 Sin a
P5 0.948 S12 = 274.426 + 284.0345 - 58
F = 500.460
a S12 = 528.148 Kg (Tarik)
b a
SV=0
S11 = P5 Cos a + S8 Sin a - S9 Sin b - S12 Sin a
S9 = 172 + 92.539 - 95.78
S11 S12 - 168.760
S11 = 0.000 Kg
TITIK G
SV=0
S11 = 0.000 Kg
S11 SH=0
S13 S13 = S10
S10 = -461.235 Kg (Tekan)
G
TITIK H
Kontrol
S12
P6 SV=0
VH = ?- ( P6 Cos a + S12 Sin a )
-285.08226 = -285.08226 (Oke!)
a
S13 H SH=0
P6 Sin a = S13 + S12 Cos a
VH 39.22500 = 39.22500 (Not!)
P3 P4
P2 E P5
4 8
C F
###
P1 P6
1 5 7 9 12
A 3 11 H
20,52o
HA 10 13
VA 2 B 6 D G VH
P1 = 122.758 Kg P4 = -6.196 Kg
P2 = 181.516 Kg P5 = -12.392 Kg
P3 = 90.758 Kg P6 = -8.381 Kg
VA = -285.082 Kg
VH = -114.795 Kg
HA = 117.608 Kg
TITIK A
SV=0
P1 S1
S1 Sin a = - ( VA + P1 Cos a )
0.320 S1 = - ( -168.760 )
A S1
a S2 = 528.148 Kg (Tarik)
S2 SH=0
HA
VA S2 = P1 Sin a - S1 Cos a - HA
= -578.843 Kg (Tekan)
TITIK B
SV=0
S3 = 0.000 Kg
S3
S6 SH=0
S2 S6 = S2
B
= -578.843 Kg (Tekan)
TITIK C
P2 S4 SV=0
S4 Sin a - S5 Sin b = S1 Sin a + S3 - P2 Cos a
C 0.320 S4 - 0.320 S5 = -3.240 …………(5)
a
a b
SH=0
S4 Cos a + S5 Cos b = S1 Cos a + P2 Sin a
S1 0.948 S4 + S
0.948 5 = 558.460 …………(6)
S3 S5
TITIK E
SH=0
TITIK D
SV=0
S5 S7 S9 S9 Sin b = ( - S7) - S5 Sin b
0.320 S9 = ( 102.318 ) - 95.779
= 6.539
S9 = 20.464 Kg (Tarik)
b b S10
S6
D SH=0
S10 = S6 + S5 Cos b - S9 Cos b
= -578.843 + 284.034 - 19.391
S10 = -314.200 Kg (Tekan)
b a
SV=0
S11 = S8 Sin a - S9 Sin b - S12 Sin a - P5 Cos a
= 101.650 - 6.539 - 106.854
S9 S12 - -11.743
S11 S11 = 0.000 Kg
TITIK G
SV=0
S11 = 0.000 Kg
S11
S13 SH=0
S10 S13 = S10
G
= -314.200 Kg (Tekan)
TITK H
Kontrol
S12
SV=0
P6
VH + S12 Sin a =? P6 Cos a
a
S13 -114.795 + 106.854 = ? -7.941
H
-7.941 = -7.941 (Oke!)
VH
SH=0
S13 = - ( S12 Cos a + P6 Sin a )
-314.200 = -314.200 (Oke!)
P P
E
4 8
F
2.9 m
C
P P
7
1 5 9 12
3 11 H
28,67o
A
2 B 6 D 10 G 13
VA VH
P = 100 Kg
SP 500
VA = VH = = 250 Kg
2 2
TITIK A
S1
SV=0
P S1 Sin a = P - VA
0.320 S1 = -150.000
S1 = -469.438 Kg (Tekan)
a
A S2 SH=0
S2 = - ( S1 Cos a )
VA = 444.828 Kg (Tarik)
TITIK B
SV=0
S3 = 0.000 Kg
S3
S6 SH=0
S2
B S6 = S2
= 444.828 Kg (Tarik)
TITIK C
P
SH=0
S4 Cos a + S5 Cos b = S1 Cos a
0.948 S4 + 0.948 S5 = -444.828 …(7)
S4
C a
a SV=0
b
S4 Sin a - S5 Sin b = P + S1 Sin a + S3
S1 0.320 S4 - 0.320 S5 = -50.000 …(8)
S5
S3
TITIK E
P SH=0
S8 Cos a = S4 Cos a
S8 = S4
= -312.958 Kg (Tekan)
E
a a
SV=0
S7 = - ( P + S4 Sin a + S8 Sin a )
S4 S8 = 100 Kg (Tarik)
S7
TITIK D
S7 SV=0
S5 S9 S9 Sin b = - ( S7 + S5 Sin b )
0.320 S9 = -50.000
S9 = -156.479 Kg (Tekan)
b b
S6 S10 SH=0
D
S10 = S6 + S5 Cos b - S9 Cos b
S10 = 444.828 Kg (Tarik)
-7537.692 -
8 -4751.394 0 -312.958 0 0 289.608 0 318.123 -5064.352 -4461.785 -4433.270 4.538
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.450
DIAGONAL
7 0 1480.619 0 100.000 -102.318 0 -102.318 0 1580.619 1378.301 1378.301 -2473.340 1580.619 2.90
11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.450
Kontrol Tekuk
Untuk sumbu lewat bahan ( sumbu x-x )
Ltekan 453.8
lx = = = 200.79 ~ 201
ix 2.260
Lki 151.263
ly1 = = = 66.931 ~ 67
iy 2.260
Dari tabel diperoleh ay1 = 0.802
ayfiktif x ay1 > ax
0.331 x 0.802 > 0.159
0.265 > 0.159 oke!!
P 7537.6918366
st = = = 163.863 < 847.35 oke!!
2F 46
2. Batang Bawah
Pmax = 7142.534 Kg (tarik)
Lk = 4.300 m
sd = 3192 Kg/cm2
Pmax 7142.534
Fnetto = = = 2.238 cm2
sd 3192
Pmax 7142.534
s ytd = = = 310.54 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2 oke!!
F 23
3. Batang Diagonal
Pmax = 2473.34 Kg = 2.473 ton (tekan)
sd = 3192 Kg/cm2
Ltekan = 4.538 m = 453.8 cm
Imin = 1.69 x Pmax x (Ltekan)2
= 1.69 x 2.473 x 20.593
= 86.076 cm4 `
Kontrol Tekuk
Untuk sumbu lewat bahan ( sumbu x-x )
Ltekan 453.790
lx = = = 197.30 ~ 197
ix 2.300
Lki 151.263
ly1 = = = 65.767 ~ 66
iy 2.300
Dari tabel diperoleh ay1 = 0.728
ayfiktif x ay1 > ax
0.258 x 0.728 > 0.118
0.188 > 0.118 oke!!
P 2473.3398331
st = = = 70.829 < 599.53 oke!!
2F 34.92
Pmax 1580.619198
Fnetto = = = 0.495 cm2
sd 3192
Pmax 1580.6191976
s ytd = = = 68.72 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2 oke!!
F 23
z 1. Batang Atas
t =1 cm P = 7537.692 Kg
75 x 75 x 8
F = 23 cm2
Ix = Iy = 117.8 cm4
e = 2.09 cm
w = 7.5 cm
w a w a = 1 cm
d = 1 cm
2d
5d
2d
Perhitungan baut :
P 7537.692
n = = = 2.51 ~ 5
Pmin 3008.3891
l = 9d = 9 x 1 = 9.0 cm z = 2w + a = 16.0 cm
t = 1 cm Lki = 151.26 cm
c = 5d = 5 x 1 = 5.0 cm syarat, Dmax = 1,5%x P
= 113.065 Kg
Ilubang = 2Flubang(1/2c)
2
= 9.8 cm4
Inetto = Itotal - Ilubang = 50.9 cm4
Inetto 50.9
Wnetto = = = 11.318 cm3
1/2l 4.5
terhadap geser :
V 123.714
tgeser = = = 17.673 Kg/cm2
Fnetto 7
terhadap momen :
M N/2 x c 989.71
sytd = = = = 87.4431 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2 oke!
wnetto wnetto 11.318
tegangan ideal :
2. Batang Diagonal
P = 2473.340 Kg
75 x 75 x 6
F = 17.46 cm2
Ix = Iy = 92.2 cm4
e = 1.85 cm
w = 7.5 cm
d = 1 cm
a = 1 cm
Perhitungan baut :
P 2473.340
n = = = 0.82 ~ 2
Pmin 3008.3891
l = 9d = 9 x 1 = 9.0 cm z = 2w + a = 16.0 cm
t = 1 cm Lki = 151.26 cm
c = 5d = 5 x 1 = 5.0 cm syarat, Dmax = 1,5%x P
= 37.100 Kg
terhadap geser :
V 40.5011
tgeser = = = 5.7859 Kg/cm2
Fnetto 7
terhadap momen :
M N/2 x c 324.01
sytd = = = = 28.6269 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2 oke!
wnetto wnetto 11.318
tegangan ideal :
Titik Kumpul C
4 Batang 1
P = 7537.692 Kg
1 5 Profil 75 x 75 x 8
d = 1 cm
t = 0.8 cm
P 7537.692
n = = = 2.50556 3 buah
Pmin 3008.38913
Batang 5
P = 2296.397 Kg
Profil 75 x 75 x 6
d = 1 cm
t = 0.6 cm
P 2296.397
n = = = 0.79936 1 buah
Pmin 2872.8
Batang 4
P = 5064.352 Kg
Profil 75 x 75 x 8
d = 1 cm
t = 0.8 cm
P 5064.352
n = = = 1.68341 2 buah
Pmin 3008.38913
Titik Kumpul D
Batang 6
7 P = 7142.534 Kg
5 9
Profil 75 x 75 x 6
10 d =
6 1 cm
t = 0.6 cm
P 7142.534
n = = = 4.74841 5 buah
Pmin 1504.19456
Batang 7
P = 1580.619 Kg
Profil 30 x 30 x 3
d = 1 cm
t = 0.3 cm
P 1580.619
n = = = 1.1004 2 buah
Pmin 1436.4
Batang 9
P = 2296.397 Kg
Profil 30 x 30 x 3
d = 1 cm
t = 0.3 cm
P 2296.397
n = = = 1.59872 2 buah
Pmin 1436.4
Batang 10
P = 7142.534 Kg
Profil 40 x 40 x 4
d = 1 cm
t = 0.4 cm
P 7142.534
n = = = 4.74841 5 buah
Pmin 1504.19456
P 0.000
n = = = 0 0 buah
Pmin 1436.4
P1 = -7537.69 Kg
4 P3 = 0.000 Kg
P4 = -4433.27 Kg
1
SKETSA :
a
Q1
e2
P
e1
Q2
a
2a a
Lnetto
Lbruto
Batang 1
P = -7537.692 Kg
Profil 75 x 75 x 8
e1 = 2.09 cm t = 0.8 cm
b = 7.5 cm
e2 = 7.5 - 2.09 = 5.41 cm
o = 0,6x 3192 = 1915.2 Kg/cm2
Q1 -1050.25
F1 = = = -0.548 cm2
o 1915
a = 0,7071t = 0.566 cm
F1 -0.548
L1 netto = = = -0.969 cm
a 0.566
L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= -0.969 + 1.697 = 0.728 cm
Kontrol tegangan
Q1 -1050.252
oytd = = = -2551.604 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 0.412
Q2 -2718.6
F2 = = = -1.419 cm2
o 1915
a = 0,7071t = 0.566 cm
F2 -1.419
L2 netto = = = -2.509 cm
a 0.566
L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= -2.509 + 1.697 = -0.812
Kontrol tegangan
Q1 -2718.594
oytd = = = 1040.088 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2 bruto -0.460
Batang 3
P = 0.000 Kg
Profil 30 x 30 x 3
e1 = 1.85 cm t = 0.3 cm
b = 3 cm
e2 = 3 - 1.85 = 1.15 cm
o = 0,6x 3192 = 1915.2 Kg/cm2
Q1 0.000
F1 = = = 0.000 cm2
o 1915
a = 0,7071t = 0.212 cm
F1 0.000
L1 netto = = = 0.000 cm
a 0.212
L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= 0.000 + 0.636 = 0.636
Kontrol tegangan
Q1 0.000
oytd = = = 0.000 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 0.135
Q2 0.000
F2 = = = 0.000 cm2
o 1915
a = 0,7071t = 0.212 cm
F2 0.000
L2 netto = = = 0.000 cm
a 0.212
L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 0.000 + 0.636 = 0.636
Kontrol tegangan
Q1 0.000
oytd = = = 0.000 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2 bruto 0.135
Batang 4
P = -4433.270 Kg
Profil 75 x 75 x 8
e1 = 2.09 cm t = 0.8 cm
b = 7.5 cm
e2 = 7.5 - 2.09 = 5.41 cm
o = 0,6x 3192 = 1915.2 Kg/cm2
Q1 -617.70
F1 = = = -0.323 cm2
o 1915
a = 0,7071t = 0.566 cm
F1 -0.323
L1 netto = = = -0.570 cm
a 0.566
L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= -0.570 + 1.697 = 1.127
Kontrol tegangan
Q1 -617.702
oytd = = = -969.013 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L1 bruto 0.637
Q2 -1598.93
F2 = = = -0.835 cm2
a = 0,7071t = 0.566 cm
F2 -0.835
L2 netto = = = -1.476 cm
a 0.566
L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= -1.476 + 1.697 = 0.221
Kontrol tegangan
Q1 -1598.933
oytd = = = 1051.580 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2 oke!
a.L2 bruto 0.125
2. Titik Simpul E
P9 = -2473.340 Kg
P11 = 0.000 Kg
P12 = -2473.340 Kg
9 12
11
Batang 9 = 12
P = -2473.340 Kg
profil 75 x 75 x 6
e1 = 1.85 cm t = 0.6 cm
b = 7.50 cm
e2 = 7.5 - 1.85 = 5.65 cm
o = 0,6x 3192 = 1915.2 Kg/cm2
Q1 -305.05
F1 = = = -0.159 cm2
o 1915
a = 0,7071t = 0.424 cm
F1 -0.159
L1 netto = = = -0.375 cm
a 0.424
L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= -0.375 + 1.273 = 0.897
Kontrol tegangan
Q1 -305.045
oytd = = = -801.246 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2
a.L1 bruto 0.381
Q2 -931.62
F2 = = = -0.486 cm2
o 1915
a = 0,7071t = 0.424 cm
F2 -0.486
L2 netto = = = -1.147 cm
a 0.424
L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
Kontrol tegangan
Q1 -931.625
oytd = = = 1490.391 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2
a.L2 bruto 0.054
Batang 7
P = 1580.619 Kg
Profil 30 x 30 x 3
e1 = 1.85 cm t = 0.3 cm
b = 3 cm
e2 = 3 - 1.85 = 1.15 cm
o = 0,6x 3192 = 1915.2 Kg/cm2
Q1 487.358
F1 = = = 0.254 cm2
o 1915
a = 0,7071t = 0.212 cm
F1 0.254
L1 netto = = = 1.200 cm
a 0.212
L1 bruto = L1 netto + 3a
= 1.200 + 0.636 = 1.836
Kontrol tegangan
Q1 487.358
oytd = = = 1251.349 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2
a.L1 bruto 0.389
Q2 302.95
F2 = = = 0.158 cm2
o 1915
a = 0,7071t = 0.212 cm
F2 0.158
L2 netto = = = 0.746 cm
a 0.212
L2 bruto = L2 netto + 3a
= 0.746 + 0.636 = 1.382
Q1 302.952
oytd = = = 1033.330 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2
a.L2 bruto 0.293
3. Titik Simpul K
P8 = -5064.352 Kg
P10 = 7142.534 Kg
P13 = 7142.534 Kg
P14 = -5064.352 Kg
11
10 13
8 14
Batang 8 = 14
P = -5064.352 Kg
Profil 40 x 40 x 4
e1 = 1.28 cm t = 0.4 cm
b = 4 cm
e2 = 4 - 1.28 = 2.72 cm
o = 0,6x 3192 = 1915.2 Kg/cm2
Q1 -1620.59
F1 = = = -0.846 cm2
t 1915
a = 0,7071t = 0.283 cm
F1 -0.846
L1netto = = = -2.992 cm
a 0.283
L1bruto = L1netto + 3a
= -2.992 + 0.849 = -2.143
Kontrol tegangan
Q1 -1620.593
oytd = = = 2673.457 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2
a.L1bruto -0.606
oke! L1bruto
Jadi panjang las = = -2.143 cm
Lebar las = a = 0.283 cm
Q2 -3443.8
F2 = = = -1.798 cm2
t 1915
a = 0,7071t = 0.283 cm
F2 -1.798
L2netto = = = -6.357 cm
a 0.283
L2bruto = L2netto + 3a
= -6.357 + 0.849 = -5.509
Q1 -3443.759
oytd = = = 2210.195 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2
a.L2bruto -1.558
oke! L2bruto
Jadi panjang las = = -5.509 cm
Lebar las = a = 0.283 cm
Batang 10 = 13
P = 7142.534 Kg
Profil 75 x 75 x 6
e1 = 1.85 cm t = 0.6 cm
b = 7.5 cm
e2 = 7.5 - 1.85 = 5.65 cm
o = 0,6x 3192 = 1915.2 Kg/cm2
Q1 880.91
F1 = = = 0.460 cm2
t 1915
a = 0,7071t = 0.424 cm
F1 0.460
L1netto = = = 1.084 cm
a 0.424
L1bruto = L1netto + 3a
= 1.084 + 1.273 = 2.357
Kontrol tegangan
Q1 880.912
oke! oytd = = = 880.958 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2
a.L1bruto 1.000
Q2 2690.4
F2 = = = 1.405 cm2
t 1915
a = 0,7071t = 0.424 cm
F2 1.405
L2netto = = = 3.311 cm
a 0.424
L2bruto = L2netto + 3a
= 3.311 + 1.273 = 4.584
Kontrol tegangan
Q1 2690.354
oytd = = = 1383.409 Kg/cm2 < 3192 Kg/cm2
a.L2bruto 1.945
oke!
Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg/cm2 oke!
Kg/cm2 oke!
Kg/cm2 oke!
Kg/cm2 oke!
~ Kombinasi pembebanan :
A+ B = 3196.438 + 100 = 3296.438 Kg
A+ C = 3196.438 - 114.795 = 3081.643 Kg
A+ D = 3196.438 - 285.082 = 2911.356 Kg
A+ B + C = 3196.438 + 100 - 114.795 = 3181.643 Kg
~ Momen inersia ;
= 44.533 cm4
Ix = Iy = 117.8 cm4
ix = iy = 2.26 cm3
F = 23 cm2
a = 1 cm (plat simpul)
t = 0.8 cm
W = 7.5 cm
b = 7.5 cm
e = 2.09 cm
~ Kontrol tekuk
Untuk sumbu lewat bahan ( sumbu x - x )
Ltk 282.843
lx = = = 125.1516 ~ 125
ix 2.26
P 3296.438
st = = = 71.6617042 < 367.08 oke !
2F 46
Untuk sumbu bebas bahan ( sumbu y - y )
= 2 ( 117.8 + 23 x 6.7081 )
= 544.1726 cm4
0,9xIyfiktif 489.75534
iyfiktif = = = 3.2629519 cm
2F 46
Ltk 282.84
lx =
iyfiktif
= = 86.68308 ~ 87
3.262952
Ltk 282.84
Banyaknya medan = = = 1.18068 ~ 2
Lmedan 239.56
Ltk 282.84
Lki = = = 141.4214 cm
medan 2
Lki 141.42
ly1 = = = 62.57582 ~ 63
iy 2.26
Dari tabel x - a - sxx diperoleh ay1 = 0.456
P 3296.438
st = = = 71.6617042 < 442.48781 oke !
2F 46
12. PERENCANAAN KOLOM
~ Beban aksial yang diterima :
Beban mati (A) = 2401.85 kg
Beban tak terduga (B) = 100 kg
Beban angin kiri (C ) = -267.642 kg
Beban angin kanan (D) = 101.773 kg
~ Kombinasi pembebaban :
A+ B = 2401.85 + 100 = 2501.85 kg
A+ C = 2401.85 + -267.642 = 2134.208 kg
A+ D = 2401.85 + 102 = 2503.623 kg
A+ B + C = 2401.85 + 100 + -268 = 2,234 kg
~ Momen inersia ;
Hitung :
Lk 212.132
l = = = 11.10639
imin 19.100
MA = HA . Lk = 261.976 . 212.13
= 55573 kgcm
D 261.976
t = F = 232 = 1.1292
= 10026494 ###
+ . 1.2751
= 3166.5 kg/cm2
KOLOM
PLAT
Perhitungan tegangan :
Sehingga :
24000 2000000
s =
437.5
+
1822.9167
s = 54.85714 + 1097.1429
x
smax = 1152.000 Kg/cm2
smin = -1042.29 Kg/cm2
menentukan besarnya x
x h-x
=
tmin tmax
x 25 - x x = 11.88 cm
=
1042.286 1152.000
Digunakan angker = f 15 mm
Banyaknya angker = f
### 15 mm
M Plat dasar =
Beban momen = 470.43011 Kg.m
Beban aksial = 3296.4384 Kg
Berat sendiri pondasi
III 0.3 gd
Bag. Volume Berat
0.1 I 0.0109375 2400 26.25
II I II 0.15 II 0.023625 2400 56.7
0.15 III 0.013125 2400 31.5
ukuran dlm meter 114.45
= 47.74264 Kg/cm2
STRUKTUR BAJA II
Digunakan :
sp = 0,7 fc'
A = b2
P M diambil t = 2 cm
sp + 1/6bt2
2896.6 83360.24
b2 = +
210 b
b3 = 13.793 b + 83360.2392
0 = - b3 + 13.79314618 b + 83360.239248
Dengan cara trial and error diperoleh b = 43.82 6044
Untuk prencanaan, diambil b = 45
P = 2896.561 kg
M = 55573.49 kgcm
M 55573.49
P = = = 2469.9 kg
1/2 . b 22.5
45
tekan
tarik
Diagram lintang
STRUKTUR BAJA II
2. Akibat geser :
P 2470
A = = = 51.734
s 47.7
Gunakan Amax
51.734
Jadi jumlah baut yang digunakan (n) = = 10.206 ≈ 2 baut
5.069
Dengan demikian, cukup digunakan jumlah baut yang diperoleh akibat momen.
Jumlah baut total = 4 buah (2 kiri & 2 kanan)
Pemilihan plat gelagar
Dipilih gelagar dengan tinggi (h) kira-kira 1/16 panjang bentang :
1
h= x 20.5 = 1.28125
16
= 50.44 Inchi Dipilih tinggi badan (h)= 52.00 Inchi
14000 14000
h/t = = = 322.03059
Fy ( Fy + 16.5 ) 36 x ( 36 + 16.5 )
bf = 25 "
7
/8 "
1
/4
52 "
7
/8 "
Mx2 Aw 10314.961 13
Af = - = - = 5.7679 inch
(Fb . B) 6 25 x 52 6
Coba plat 7/8 x 20 = 21.875 > 5.77 ……………….Oke !!!
Sifat-sifat penampang :
- Sayap : 2 x 25 x 7/8 x 53.75 2
= 31599
2
- Badan : 1/12 x 1/4 x 523 = 2929
+
34528
Modulus penampang
Ix 34528
dx = = = 1453.8 inchi
Mx 23.75
Digunakan untuk badan satu plat 1/4 x 40 untuk sayap dua plat 7/8 x 20
h/t <### dan fv < Fv
52
h/t = = 208 < 260.00 ……….Oke !!!
0.25
sehingga pengaku-pengaku diperlukan
20.27 x 2
= 3.11846
13
~ Menentukan pengaku pertama dari ujung
Kita akan menyediakan pangaku dukung dibawah kolom yang membiarkan
sebuah jarak bebas panil ujung yang panjangnya ### = 21.325 ft
sebesar 21.325 x 12 = 255.9 Inch
a/h = ### / 52 = 4.92 > 1
7m
k= 5 + = 5.608
a/h2
45000 k 252378.057
Cv = = = 0.162 < 0.80 ……….Oke !!!
Fy (h/f) 2
1557504
Fy x Cv 5.83344
Fv = = = 2.0185
2.89 2.89
Karena fv < Fv
3.1185 < 2.02 ……….nda pake pengaku perantara !!!
4.8 m
12 m
Diminta :
~ Rencanakan ukuran balok baja komposit dan ukuran kolom baja.
~ Perhitungan sambungan balok-kolom dan sambungan kolom-pondasi
~ Gambar sketsa dari portal
Penyelesaian :
4.8 m
12 m
I balok
k= (h/l) = 0.4
I kolom
Dalam perencanaan profil balok dan kolom dianggap sama
ql2
Ha = Hd = = 12.5 ton
4(k+2)h
Va = Vd = 1/2 q.L = 24 ton
qL2
Ma = Md = = 20 tm
12(k+2)
Mb = Mc = -2Ma = -40 tm
(3k+2)qL2
Mmaks = = 32 tm
24(k+2)
Bef
Es = 2.10E+05 Mpa
Ec = 4700 f'c mutu kuat tekan rencan beton diamb20 Mpa
= 2.10E+04 Mpa
~ Perhitungan modulus ratio
Es 2.10E+05
n= = = 10
Ec 2.10E+04
~ Profil baja untuk balok komposit
Mmaks = 32 tm = 3E+06 kgcm
H = 12.5 t = 12500 kg
Digunakan mutu baja Bj.37 (s) = 1600 kg/cm2
Dicoba baja I profil flens lebar DIN ---> profil I34
b = 300 mm s = 13
As = 174.0 cm 2
Wx = 2170 cm3
t = 22 mm Is = 36940 cm4
M P
s= + = 1546 kg/cm2
W A
syarat : s > s
1600 > 1546 ……….Oke !!!
bef x hc
Ac = = 0.0173 = 173 cm2
n
1 bef.hc3
Ic = x = 2075 cm4
12 n
21.685
30.315 30.315
M . yatas
s atas = = 325.87
I komposit
M.ybawah
s bawah = = 455.55
I komposit
~ Desain :
I + Is
212947.26 + 1E+05
komposit
I average : = = 2E+05
2 2
A +As 436.0 + 174.0
A average : komposit = = 305
2 2
= 1E+05 kg = 1E+05 kg
Vh 1E+05
N = = = 38.36 Bulatkan 39 buah
q 3628.8
Digunakan :
sp = 0,7 fc'
A = b2
P M diambil t = 2 cm
sp + 1/6bt2
24000 3000000
b2 = +
140 b
b3 = 171.43 b + 3000000
0 = - b3 + 171.42857 b + 3000000
Dengan cara trial and error diperoleh b = 144.6212 0
Untuk perencanaan, diambil b = 145 cm
P = 24000 kg
M = 2000000 kgcm
M 2000000
P = = = 27586 kg
1/2 . b 72.5
145
tekan
tarik
Diagram lintang
STRUKTUR BAJA II
2. Akibat geser :
P 12500
A = = = 3.9662 cm2
s 3152
Gunakan Amax
8.753
Jadi jumlah baut yang digunakan (n) = = 1.7267 ≈ 2 buah
5.069
Dengan demikian, cukup digunakan jumlah baut yang diperoleh akibat momen.
Jumlah baut total = 4 buah ( 2 buah di kiri & 2 buah di kanan)